AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN SONG LYRICS OF “4” ALBUM BY BEYONCE
by: MARTIN CAHYA JAUHARI NIM 201032022
ENGLISH EDUCTION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2015
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AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN SONG LYRICS OF “4” ALBUM BY BEYONCE
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in the Department of English Education
by: MARTIN CAHYA JAUHARI NIM 201032022
ENGLISH EDUCTION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2015
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
Dreaming believes, so just believe what we dream
No matter who we are, no matter what we are, but the most important thing is who we can be (Beyonce Knowles)
Have big, dream big, think big and know that anything is possible (Jennifer Lopez)
This skripsi is dedicated to: ♥ His amazing parents (Mr. Sumarsono and Mrs. Agustini) ♥ His beloved brothers ♥ All his loyal friends ♥ His inspiration who gives him so much hopes (Beyonce)
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL This is to certify that the Skripsi of Martin Cahya Jauhari (NIM: 2010-32-022) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for the further approval by the Examining Committee. Kudus, February 2015
Advisor I
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001207
Advisor II
Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd. NIS. 061071000001186
Acknowledged by, The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. NIP. 19621219-198703-1-015 015
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL This is to certify that the Skripsi of Martin Cahya Jauhari (NIM: 2010-32-022) has been approved by the Examining Committee as requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English Education. Kudus, February 2015 Skripsi Examining Committee:
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001207
,Chairperson
Rusiana, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001226
,Member
Junaidi, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001225
,Member
Farid Noor R, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001227
,Member
Acknowledged by, The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Dean,
Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. NIP. 19621219-198703-1-015 015
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to say thanks to Great God Allah SWT, the lord of universe for all of mercy the writer got in completing the study in English Education Department and accomplishing the writer’s skripsi entitled An Analysis of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyric of “4” Album by Beyonce. This skripsi is accomplished with so many help of others. The writer realized that actually he could not complete this skripsi without advice, encouragement, guidance, suggestion, and support from many people. In this opportunity the writer would like to express sincere gratitude to: 1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department who really supports. 3. Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the first advisor who give so many correction and advices in doing this skripsi. 4. Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd as the second advisor who has already approved this research and given a lot of guidance in writing this skripsi. 5. All of lecturers in English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 6. Hisamazing parents (Mr. Sumarsono and Mrs. Agustini) who have given so much loves, attention, spirit and pray in finishing this skripsi. 7. His beloved brother who has given support in finishing this skripsi. 8. All of his friends in English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. vii
In addition, the writer would like to express his sincerest gratitude to the readers for some critics and suggestion. The writer hopes this skripsi will be useful for everyone who concern to the topic.
Kudus, February 2015
The Writer
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ABSTRACT Jauhari, Martin Cahya. 2015. An Analysis of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce. Skripsi, English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd, (2) Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd. Key words : Figurative Language, Song and Lyrics The language in the song lyrics is more like the language of a poem. One of the things that can make the lyric so powerful is figure of speech. However, a figure of speech is important in making song lyrics, sothat the songs that have been made are interesting and satisfying to sing and hear. Figurative languages are a departure from the ordinary form of expression or the ordinary course of ideas in order to produce a greater effec.Based on the writer’s experience, students of English Education do not understand the meaning of figurative language in a song lyric. It is because they never learn figurative language, although it is taught in school but seems they do not really pay attention about it. The writer thinks that it is very ironic if the Students of English Education as listener cannot understand figurative language used in song.From that description above, the writer wants to help the students of English Education keep at distance from their alienation with the English literature. The writer also hopes the students of English Education know about the expressions or language style that used in song lyrics. This research has purposes to find out the answer of the statement of the problem. The purposes of this research are: (1) to find out the types of figurative language used in song lyrics of “4” album by Beyonce. And (2) to describe the meaning of figurative language used in song lyrics of “4” album by Beyonce. This research design is a descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research is type of figurative language used in song lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce, and for the data source it is taken from all the song lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce, and data analysis is to explain about some method to do analysis data. The result of this research shows thatthe total number of types of figurative language used in the song lyrics of “4” album by Beyonce are 76 types of figurative language. And the dominant one is symbol, there are totally 20 symbol in the song lyric of “4” Album. And then there are 13 apostrophe, 9 simile, 8 hyperbole, 5 euphemism, 4 antithesis, 4 chiasmus, 3 anaphora, 3 personification, 2 ellipsis, 2 synecdoche, 1 alliteration, 1 assonance, and 1 oxymoron that is used in the song lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce. The writer concluded that there are exactly fourteen types of figurative language used in that song lyric, they are alliteration, anaphora, antithesis, apostrophe, assonance, chiasmus, ellipsis, euphemism, hyperbola, oxymoron, personification, simile, symbol and synecdoche. And those each figurative language has different function and meaning.To interpret the meaning of figurative language we have to consider a few things, as follow: knowing what the author is trying to say, looking for phrases thatthe words have a meaning different from their usual meaning, and figurative language usually brings a picture to a reader’s mind, use that picture to help the reader understand the meaning of the figurative language. The figurative language can be used for comparison, for ix
emphasis to the sentence, to say something in a new way, to help the reader/listener form a picture in their mind, and to make song lyric or poem interesting. Therefore, the writer recommends some suggestions. The writer really hopes to the student to should love the song, should love listening to the song. So, In English teaching and learning process uses the songs as material can be very interesting.
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ABSTRAK Jauhari, Martin Cahya. 2015. Sebuah Analisis Gaya Bahasa yang Digunakan dalam Lirik Lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce. Skripsi, Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd, (2) Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd. KataKunci : Gaya Bahasa, Lagu dan Lirik Bahasa dalam lirik lagu cenderung seperti bahasa puisi. Salah satu hal yang dapat membuat sebuah lirik menjadi menarik adalah gaya bahasa. Terlebih, gaya bahasa adalah hal penting dalam pembuatan lirik lagu, sehingga lagu yang telah dibuat menjadi menarik dan puas untuk dinyanyikan dan didengar. Gaya bahasa adalah sebuah susunan dari sebuah bentuk yang sangat menarik dari ekspresi atau ide yang bisa memproduksi sebuah efek lebih bagus. Berdasarkan pengalaman penulis, siswa pendidikan Bahasa Inggris tidak mengerti makna gaya bahasa dalam sebuah lirik lagu. Itu dikarenakan mereka tidak pernah mempelajari gaya bahasa walaupun itu diajarkan di sekolah nampaknya mereka kurang begitu memperhatikan hal tersebut. Penulis berpikir itu sangat ironis jika siswa pendidikan Bahasa Inggris sebagai pendengar lagu tidak memahami gaya bahasa yang digunakan pada sebuah lagu. Dari penggambaran di atas penulis ingin membantu siswa pendidikan Bahasa Inggris agar tetap dekat dengan literatur Bahasa Inggris. Penulis juga berharap agar siswa pendidikan Bahasa Inggris mengetahui ekspresi atau gaya bahasa dalam lirik lagu. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menemukan jawaban dari rumusan masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk menemukan jenis jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce. Dan (2) untuk menggambarkan makna gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dari penelitian ini adalah jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce, dan untuk sumber datanya diambil dari seluruh lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce, dan data analisis adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang beberapa metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah total jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce ada 76 gaya bahasa. Dan yang paling dominan adalah simbol. Terdapat 20 simbol dalam lirik lagu tersebut. Kemudian ada 13 apostrof, 9 simil, 8 hiperbola, 5 eufemisme, 4 antitesis, 4 kiasmus, 3 anapora, 3 personifikasi, 2 elipsis, 2 sinekdot, 1 aliterasi, 1 asonansi, dan 1 oksimoron yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa ada 14 jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu, itu adalah aliterasi, anapora, antitesis, apostrof, asonansi, kiasmus, elipsis, eufemisme, hiperbola, oksimoron, personifikasi, simil, simbol, dan sinekdot. Dan masing – masing gaya bahasa tersebut fungsi dan maknanya masing – masing. Untuk menginterpretasikan makna gaya bahasa, kita harus memperhatikan beberapa hal, sebagai berikut: mengetahui apa yang author coba bicarakan, mencari frasa yang kata katanya mempunyai makna yang berbeda dari makna biasanya, dan gaya bahasa biasanya membawa sebuah gambaran kepada pikiran si pembaca, gunakanlah gambaran itu untuk xi
membantu pembaca memahami makna gaya bahasa. Gaya bahasa juga dapat digunakan untuk perbandingan, untuk penekanan pada kaliamat, untuk mengatakan sesuatu dengan cara yang baru, untuk membantu pembaca atau pendengar membentuk gambaran di dalam pikiran mereka, dan membuat lirik lagu atau puisi menjadi menarik. Oleh karena itu, penulis merekomendasikan beberapa saran. Penulis sangat berharap kepada siswa untuk harus suka dengan lagu, dan harus suka mendengarkan lagu. Jadi, dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar Bahasa Inggris menggunakan lagu sebagai materi dapat menjadi sangat menarik.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS COVER ........................................................................................................... LOGO ............................................................................................................. TITLE ............................................................................................................. MOTTO AND DEDICATION ..................................................................... ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... ABSTRAKSI .................................................................................................. TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... LIST OF APPENDICES ...............................................................................
i ii iii iv v vi vii ix xi xiii xvi xvii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research .....................................................................
1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ...........................................................................
4
1.3 Objective of the Research ..........................................................................
5
1.4 Significance of the Research......................................................................
5
1.5 Scope of the Research ................................................................................
6
1.6.Definition of Terms ...................................................................................
6
CHAPTER II:REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Figurative Language ..................................................................................
7
2.1.1 Definition of Figurative Language .........................................................
7
2.1.2 Kinds of Figurative Language ...............................................................
9
2.2 Definition of Song .....................................................................................
14
2.2.1 Kinds of Song .........................................................................................
15
2.3 Definition of Lyric .....................................................................................
19
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2.4 The Biography of Beyonce ........................................................................
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2.5 Album “4” of Beyonce ..............................................................................
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2.6 Review of Previous Research ....................................................................
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2.7 Theoretical Framework ..............................................................................
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CHAPTER III: METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Research Design .......................................................................................
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3.2 Data and Data Source ...............................................................................
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3.3 Data Collecting .........................................................................................
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3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................
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CHAPTER IV:FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 The Type of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce ....................................................................................................
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4.2 The Meaning of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce ....................................................................................................
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CHAPTER V:DISCUSSION 5.1 The Type of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce ....................................................................................................
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5.2 The Meaning of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce ....................................................................................................
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CHAPTER VI:CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................
69
6.2 Suggestion ..................................................................................................
71
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REFERENCES ............................................................................................... APPENDICES ................................................................................................ STATEMENT ................................................................................................ CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................
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72 74 102 105
LIST OF TABLES Table
Page
3.4 The Table of Analyzing The Types of Figurative Language .....................
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4.1 The Types of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce ....................................................................................................
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix
Page
Appendix 1: The Song Lyrics of “4” Album By Beyonce ........................... 75
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