ABSTAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh variabel karakteristik demografi dan personalitas terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan. Variabel karakterstik demografi terdiri dari usia, jenis kelamin, dan pendapatan. Variabel karakteristik personalitas terdiri dari perilaku keuangan dan sikap keuangan. Dalam penelitian ini, populasi berasal dari mahasiswa program studi manajemen Universitas Kristen Maranatha. Target populasi yang relevan adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2012 hingga 2014. Karena target populasi berasal dari tahun-tahun yang berbeda, maka peneliti menganggapnya sebagai strata. Oleh saba itu, peneliti menggunakan sampling bebas berstrata sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel yang mewakili populasinya. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Model Pengujian Struktural. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa seluruh variabel karaktersitik demografi berpengaruh terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan. Untuk variabel karakteristik personalitas, sikap keuangan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan dan perilaku keuangan tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan. Kata kunci : Tingkat Literasi keuangan, karakteristik demografi dan personalitas, Model Pengujian Struktural
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Universitas Kristen Maranatha
ABSTRACT
This researh aims to examine the impact of demographic and personality characteristics on finacial literacy. The demographic characteristic variables used consist of age, gender, and income. The personality characteristic variables used are financial behavior and financial attitude. In this reseach, the population used come from Maranatha Christian University students in Management Study Program. The relevant population target is active students starting their study in 2012 to 2014. Because the relevant population target comes from various years of entrance, the reearcher treats the years as strata. Based on this condition, the researcher takes the samples representing its population based on stratified random sampling method. Method of data analysis conducted is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The research concludes that all the demographic characteristic variables have impact on financial literacy rate. For personality characteristic variables, the financial attitude has impact on financial literacy rate whereas financial behavior has no impact on financial literacy rate. Keywords: Financial Literacy Rate, Demographic and Personality Characteristics, Structural Equation Modeling
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Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL BAHASA INDONESIA ......................................................... i HALAMAN JUDUL BAHASA INGGRIS ............................................................... ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................... iii SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI ..................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... v ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. vii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. viii DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... xii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. xiv BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1.1. Latar Belakang Penelitian ....................................................................... 1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ..................................................................................
1 1 5 6 6
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ................................................................................... 7 2.1. Kajian Pustaka ......................................................................................... 7 2.1.1. Literasi Keuangan .................................................................... 7 2.1.2. Karakteristik Demografi ........................................................... 13 2.1.2.1. Usia ............................................................................. 14 2.1.2.2. Jenis Kelamin.............................................................. 14 2.1.2.3. Pendapatan .................................................................. 14 2.1.3. Karakteristik Personel ............................................................... 15 2.1.3.1. Perilaku keuangan ....................................................... 15 2.1.3.2. Sikap keuangan ........................................................... 16 2.1.4. Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................. 18 2.2 Rerangka Pemikiran ................................................................................ 23 2.3 Pengembangan Hipotesis ........................................................................ 24 2.3.1. Pengaruh usia terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan ..................... 24 2.3.2. Pengaruh jenis kelamin terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan ...... 24 2.3.3. Pengaruh pendapatan terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan ......... 25 2.3.4. Pengaruh financial behavior terhadap ..................................... 25 tingkat literasi keuangan 2.3.5. Pengaruh financial behavior terhadap ..................................... 26 tingkat literasi keuangan BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN………………………………….. ............ 28 3.1. Jenis Penelitian………………………………………………………… 28 3.2. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian .............................................................. 28 ix
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
3.3. Definisi Operasional Variabel ................................................................. 30 3.4. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................................................... 34 3.5. Teknik Analisis Data .............................................................................. 35 3.5.1. Uji Instrumen ............................................................................ 35 3.5.2. Uji Normalitas ........................................................................... 36 3.5.3. Menilai Overall Fit Model ........................................................ 37 3.5.4. Uji Hipotesis ............................................................................. 40 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ........................................... 43 4.1. Karakteristik Responden ................................ …………………………. 43 4.1.1. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia .............................. 43 4.1.2. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin .............. 44 4.1.3. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pendapatan ................. 44 4.1.4. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Item Pertanyaan .......... 45 4.2. Pengujian Instrumen................................................................................ 59 4.3. Pengujian Normalitas ............................................................................. 62 4.4. Hasil Uji Overall Fit Model .................................................................... 63 4.5. Hasil Uji Hipotesis .................................................................................. 64 BAB V PENUTUP ................................................................................................... 67 5.1. Simpulan ................................................................................................. 67 5.2. Saran ..................................................................................................... 67 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................. 69 LAMPIRAN DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP PENULIS (CURRICULUM VITAE)
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Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Gambar 4.1
Halaman Model Penelitian................................................................................. 27 Tabulasi Jawaban Responden untuk Financial Knowledge ............... 57
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Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 Tabel 1.2 Tabel 3.1 Tabel 3.2 Tabel 3.3 Tabel 4.1 Tabel 4.2 Tabel 4.3 Tabel 4.4 Tabel 4.5 Tabel 4.6 Tabel 4.7 Tabel 4.8 Tabel 4.9 Tabel 4.10 Tabel 4.11 Tabel 4.12 Tabel 4.13 Tabel 4.14 Tabel 4.15 Tabel 4.16 Tabel 4.17 Tabel 4.18 Tabel 4.19
Halaman Inkonsistensi Hasil Riset Terdahulu Pengaruh .................................. 5 Karakteristik Demografi terhadap Literasi Keuangan Inkonsistensi Hasil Riset Terdahulu Pengaruh .................................. 5 Karakteristik Personel terhadap Literasi Keuangan Pengambilan Jumlah Sampel dari Populasi........................................ 30 Definisi Operasionalisasi Variabel ..................................................... 31 Skala Likert......................................................................................... 34 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia ....................................... 43 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin........................ 44 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pendapatan ........................... 44 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 45 Indikator Financial Behavior - 1 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 45 Indikator Financial Behavior – 2 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 46 Indikator Financial Behavior - 3 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 46 Indikator Financial Behavior - 4 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 47 Indikator Financial Behavior - 5 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 47 Indikator Financial Behavior - 6 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 48 Indikator Financial Behavior - 7 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 49 Indikator Financial Behavior - 8 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 49 Indikator Financial Behavior - 9 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 50 Indikator Financial Behavior – 10 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 50 Indikator Financial Attitude - 1 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 51 Indikator Financial Attitude - 2 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 51 Indikator Financial Attitude - 3 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 52 Indikator Financial Attitude - 4 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 52 Indikator Financial Attitude - 5 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 53 Indikator Financial Attitude - 6 xii
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
Tabel 4.20 Tabel 4.21 Tabel 4.22 Tabel 4.23 Tabel 4.24 Tabel 4.25 Tabel 4.26 Tabel 4.27 Tabel 4.28 Tabel 4.29 Tabel 4.30 Tabel 4.31 Tabel 4.32 Tabel 4.33
Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 54 Indikator Financial Attitude - 7 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 54 Indikator Financial Attitude - 8 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 55 Indikator Financial Attitude - 9 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 55 Indikator Financial Attitude - 10 Karakteristik Jawaban Responden Atas Pernyataan .......................... 56 Indikator Financial Attitude - 11 Nilai Financial Knowledge ............................................................... 58 Hasil Uji Tingkat Literasi Keuangan .................................................. 59 Nilai Factor Loading untuk konstruk Financial Behavior ................ 60 Nilai Factor Loading untuk konstruk Financial Attitude .................. 60 Nilai Cronbach’s Alpha untuk konstruk Financial Behavior ............ 62 Nilai Cronbach’s Alpha untuk konstruk Financial Attitude .............. 62 Nilai kritis atas masing-masing indikator dan variabel ..................... 63 yang digunakan dan error secara multivariate Nilai Overall Model Fit ..................................................................... 63 Hasil Estimasi Model Penelitian ........................................................ 64
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A Lampiran B Lampiran C Lampiran D Lampiran E Lampiran F
Halaman Tabel Penentuan Jumlah Sampel dari Populasi ................................. 75 Kuesioner Penelitian........................................................................... 76 Model Pengujian Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) .................... 79 Pengujian Instrumen ........................................................................... 80 Pengujian Overall Fit Model.............................................................. 84 Pengujian Hipotesis ............................................................................ 85
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