Dampak Diseminasi Ayam Kampung Unggul Balitnak di Provinsi Gorontalo (Impact of Disemination of Kampung Unggul Balitnak Chicken in the Province of Gorontalo) 6XPDQWR+HUDZDWL7 Balai Penelitian Ternak, PO Box 221, Bogor 16002
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Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner 2015
merasakan manfaatnya, dimana produktivitas mesin tetasnya mencapai di atas 80%. Mesin tetas elektrik dari Balitnak sudah dimanfaatkan dan mengalami sedikit modifikasi sesuai kondisi dan situasi lingkungan. Tabel 2. Tingkat penguasaan dan penerapan teknologi introduksi ayam KUB Teknologi dan produk
Tingkat penguasaan dan penerapan teknologi (%) Penguasaan
Penerapan
Bibit
100
100
Kandang
100
100
Pakan
100
100
Obat-obatan
100
100
Manajemen
100
80
Penetasan telur
100
100
Rata-rata (%)
100
96
Sumber: Sumanto et al. (2014)
Perkembangan produksi dan penjualan telur/DOC di penangkar Hasil perkembangan produksi telur dan DOC dari diseminasi paket teknologi ayam KUB di dua wilayah penangkaran diamati dalam selang waktu mulai produksi akhir tahun 2012 hingga pada akhir tahun 2014. Hasil wawancara dengan penangkar dan kelompok peternak di kedua wilayah pada tahun 2014 menunjukkan bahwa ayam KUB di penangkaran Bone Bolango berproduksi telur tetas dan DOC hingga akhir November 2014, tetapi tidak berproduksi pada bulan Desember 2014, karena semua populasi ayam KUB mati secara bertahap, yang disebabkan terkena wabah penyakit dan baru beroperasi kembali pada awal Januari 2015 dengan populasi awal 1.000 DOC betina dan 200 DOC jantan. Dalam selang awal tahun 2013 sampai dengan akhir tahun 2014, produksi telur dan DOC tersebut sudah dijual untuk umum dan disebarkan ke peternak dalam bentuk bantuan sosial. Sedangkan, produksi telur tetas dan DOC di penangkaran Boalemo berjalan normal. Perkembangan produksi telur dan DOC di wilayah Gorontalo ditampilkan pada Tabel 3. Nilai ekonomi usaha Penangkar ayam KUB Usaha pembibitan ternak pada umumnya memerlukan investasi awal yang relatif besar dan merupakan usaha dalam jangka panjang yang masih memberikan keuntungan. Untuk itu, maka bantuan pendanaan awal dari pemerintah diperlukan dalam mendorong untuk membangun usaha penangkaran ayam KUB pada skala peternak rakyat yang pada umumnya kurang modal. Usaha penangkaran ayam ini dianggap penting karena dapat menghasilkan produk telur konsumsi, telur tetas, DOC yang merupakan cikal bakal untuk dikembangkannya di kemudian hari. Hasil analisis finansial terhadap usaha penangkaran ayam KUB dengan investasi sebesar Rp. 280,45 juta dengan biaya operasional Rp. 525,140 juta selama dua tahun memperlihatkan bahwa total penerimaannya mencapai Rp 1.051.727.721 (discount factor (df) = 15%), dengan demikian B/C rasio adalah 2,4 dan nilai pendapatan mencapai Rp. 364.417.339. Sumbangan penerimaan usaha ini terbanyak diperoleh dari hasil penjualan ayam DOC. Dilihat dari kelayakan usaha dapat diutarakan
552
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