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1. Ardiansyah, F. (2007), Pemanasan Global dan Respon Indonesia, WWFIndonesia. 2. Bruno, J.F., Selig, E.R., Casey, K.S., Cathie A., Willis, B.L., Harvell, C.D., Sweatman, H., Melendy, A.M. (2007), Thermal Stress and Coral Cover as Drivers of Coral Disease Outbreaks. 3. O’Farrel, S., Korda, R., Rose, H., Williams, C., Comley, J. Lovelace, B., Armstrong, H., Guilland, R., Benjamin, J., Day, O. (2007), Mass Coral Bleaching event in Tobbago, Report on the 2005 Part I, Result from phase 1 survey.Buccoo reef trust, coral cay conservation dan jointpatner tobago House of Assembly, dan the Travel foundation. 4. Buchheim, J. (1998), Coral Reef Bleaching, Oddysey Expedition, Tropical Marine Biology Voyages. 5. Buddemeier, Robert, W., Kleypas, Joan A., Aronson, Richard B. (2004), Coral Reefs and Global Climate Change, Potential Contributions of Climate Change to Stresses on Coral Reef Ecosystem, PEW Climate Centre. 6. Burke, L., Selig, E., Spalding, M. (2002), Terumbu karang yang terancam di Asia tenggara. World Resources Institute. 7. Done, T., Whetton, P., Jonnes, R., Berkelmans, R., Lough, J., Skirving, W., Wooldrige, S. (2003), Global Climate Change and Coral Bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef. Final Report to the state of Queensland Taskforce through the Department of Natural Resources and Mines. CSIRO-Australian Institute of Marine Science-CRC. 8. Douglas, Bruce C. (2004), Global Sea Level Change: Determination and Interpretation, U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1991-1994. Rev Geophys. Vol. 33 Suppl, American Geophysical Union. 9. Gammon, R. (2007), Transition to Sustainability Synergy: Sustainable Living Conference, Chemistry-Oceanography, Atm. Science University of whasington 10. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). (2004), Climate Impact of Quadrupling Atmospheric CO2, An Overview of GFDL Climate Model Results, Princeton University Forrestal Campus. Princeton.
11. Hansen, J.,Ruedy, R., Sato, M., Lo, K. (2005), GISS Surface Temperature Analysis. Global Temperature Trends: 2005 Summation.,NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Columbia University Earth Institute, New York. 12. Hoegh-Guldberg, O. (2004), Climate Change, Coral Bleaching, and the Future of the World’s Coral Reefs. The Coral Reef Research Institute, University of Sydney. 13. http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/coral_bleaching_index.html 14. IPCC. (2001), Summary for Policymakers. Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. A Report Working Group II. 15. Lindsey. (2004), A Dangerous Intersection: Humans and Climate Destroy Reef Ecosystem. Earth observatory, NASA. 16. Marine Reef International (MRI). (2007), Mass bleaching around the world 17. Marshall, P., Schuttenberg, H., West, J. (2006), A Reef Manager’s Guide to Coral Bleaching, GBRMPA, NOAA, IUCN, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Australia. 18. NOAA Coral Reef Watch. (2000), Davies Reef Sea Surface Temperature and Degree Heating Week Time Series Charts NOAA Twice Weekly Near Real Time 50 km Sattelite Nighttime AVHRR. http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/key_sst_50km_field.html. 19. NMRGOV. (2007), Coral Bleaching, Indicator Status. Estuarine, coastal, and marine habitat integrity. 20. NOAA Satellites and Information. (2006), Operational Satelitte Coral Bleaching Monitoring Products Methodology, Information processing Division. Office of Sattelite Data. 21. ReefBase. (2007), ReefBase Dataset: Coral Bleaching.UNEP-WCMC. http://www.reefbase.org/contribute/bleachingreport.aspx. 22. Rogers, C.S., Garrison, G., Grober, R., Marie hillis, Z., Franke, M. A. (1994), Field survey methods coral reef Monitoring Manual for carribbean and western atlantic, National park service Virgin Island national park. 23. Setiasih, N., Ismunarto, Dwi H. (2006), Bali Barat National Park. Coral Monitoring Report, Reports for Friends of the Reef Project WWF Indonesia. Denpasar.
24. Strong, A.E., Liu, G., Kimura, T., Yamano, H., Tsuchiya, M., Kakuma, S., Woesik, R. (2001). Detecting and monitoring 2001 Coral Reef Bleaching Events in Ryukyu Islands Japan Using Satelitte Bleaching Hotspot Remote Sensing Technique. 25. Sukmara, A., Siahainenia A. J., Rotinsulu, C. (2001). Panduan Pemanatauan Terumbu Karang berbasis Masyarakat dengan Metode Manta Taw.Proyek Pesisir-CRMP Indonesia. 26. Susandi, A., Radjawane, Ivonne M., Subki, A. (2006), Kajian Potensi Kelautan Indonesia Dalam Menyerap CO2, Penelitian Hibah Bersaing XIV/1. 27. Terry D., Peter W., Roger J., Ray B., Janice L., William S., Scott W. (2003), Final report to state of Queensland greenhouse taskforce, Department of natural resources and mines, AIMS, CSIRO, and CRC Reef Research Centre. 28. TNC. (2007), Coral Triangle. www.tnc.org/coral-triangle/ 29. UCLA. (2004), Reef Check Instruction Manual, A guide to Reef Check Coral Reef Monitoring, Institute of the Environment. University of California. 30. UNEP. (2006), Sea Level Rise due to Global Warming, Potential Climate Change Impacts. Observed Climate Trends. 31. Wilkinson, C. (2000), Status of Coral Reefs of The World: 2000, Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network. Australian Institue of Marine Science. www.environment.gouv.fr/icri. 32. Woodworth, P.L. (2007), Long Term Sea and Land Level Changes and their Monitoring, Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory.
Lampiran A. Persentase cover area terumbu karang A.1. Kedalaman 3 m A.1.1. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Mangrove dan Kelor Kode
ACA
Mangrove 10/3
03/4
1,453
1,067
ACB
7,453
ACT
0,167
AGO
0,16
EUP 1,18
FNG GAL
1,68
03/5 30,67
09/5
01/6
10/3
03/4
1,6
1,733
4,587 0,44
0,853
1,587
0,147
0,18 0,453
0,167
7,11
0,4
3,16 0,6
0,14
1,167
1,48
0,493
3,347
1,467
0,773
1,44
03/5
09/5
4,133
9,417
01/6
0,817
1,933
7,8
1,133 0,417
1,133
1,693
0,193
0,187 0,91
10/4 3,16
3,017
1,05
ACO
FAV
10/4
Kelor
0,817
0,04
GON
0,653
0,133
0,16
0,68
0,533 0,067
0,947
4,333
1,68
0,4
13,73
1,16
1,173
0,417
0,16 0,067 0,1
0,14
1,16
3,467
17,96
11,11
LOB MER
9,387
MNT
0,117
MSO
0,08
OHC
0,98
PAC
0,14
9,51
8,373
10,65
0,6
1,587
8,507
1,1
0,133 1,667
1,99
0,8
0,013
1,987
0,747
0,89
0,413
PEC
0,48 0,453
1,1
1,013
0,31
PBR
7,117
15
1,1
1,013
PMS
0,147
1,133
0,187
4,373
SER STY
1,17
0,333
PAV PCL
1,173
1,76
35,44 0,547
0,173
9,707
10,19
15,77
1,04
43,8
7,1
13,95
8,667
0,333
1,68
1,08
0,853
11,11
0,933
1,907
0,91
1,96
0,11
0,453
0,117
1,173
1,973
0,48
TUR CME/MIL
0,13
0,33
0,17
CTU CHL HC
13,69
45,94
16,71
53,54
51,41
36,51
14,96
41,36
13,87
76,77
47,35
40,67
High susc
1,893
15,05
11,07
33,56
5,77
16,16
6,387
13,73
8,36
6,71
10,81
13,18
low susc
9,107
18,71
3,307
8,533
37,13
18,71
11,41
11,87
3,933
45,89
18,57
15,18
1
A.1.2. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Utara Pulau dan Takad Saru Kode
Utara Pulau 10/3
03/4
ACA
7,14
0,117
ACB
3,31
0,747
10/4
03/5
0,667
11,63
Takad Saru 09/5
1,31
01/6 5,613
1,333
10/3
AGO
1,48
0,533
0,8
0,133
0,31
0,053
0,333
0,8
0,507
0,4
0,11
1,04
1,18
0,14
0,173
0,533
0,11
0,117
10/4
1,947
1,053
1,16
0,67
0,113
1,88
0,067
ACO ACT
03/4
03/5
09/5
0,16
0,587 3,933
0
1,067
1,853
1,08
0,573
3,587
1,417
4,013
0,18
5,18
4,31
1,453
1,51
0,187
0,64
0,453
0,1
0,333
0,04
FNG
0,37
0,14
GAL
0,867
0,387
GON
0,1
0,173
0,133
0,933
3,37
LOB
0,08
MER
0,193
MNT
13,35
8,57
1,817
0,167
0,587
9,173
9,36
11,99
0,893
0,133
0,017
0,173
0,76
0,947
MSO OHC
0,15
0,107
0,04
0,653
0,53
0,187
1,4
PAC PAV
5,1
1
EUP FAV
01/6
0,1
PCL
0,053 0,4
0,133
0,067
0,347 0,8
4,013
0,167
1,17
1,067
0
0,37
0,173
0,76
0,107
1,453
0,51
1,96
1,017 0,707
0,067 0,947
0,533
PEC
1,04 0,107
PBR
10,45
14,43
4,04
13,05
1,893
3,187
0,017
PMS
1,6
4,13
1,613
3,013
1,117
8,453
8,613
11,4
0,16
SER
0,173
1,453
0,14
1,417
1,053
0,187
0,187
STY
0,167
0,187
0,51
7,11 0,373
1,453
9,4
11,4
13,88
11,04
1,107
0,907
0,013
0,333
0,187
TUR CME/MIL
0,11
CTU CHL HC
39,01
41,89
11,6
44,48
11,61
19,93
13,91
13,41
11,8
45,45
18,16
30,07
High susc
11,19
4,493
3,4
15,51
3,747
11,68
1
4,403
4,187
11,54
6,867
6,067
low susc
13,89
19,4
8,933
18,57
5,88
15,48
11,71
15,6
8,333
30,53
19,85
11,17
2
A.1.3. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Tanjung Gelap dan Pos 2 Kode
Tanjung Gelap 10/3
ACA
03/4
10/4
03/5
Pos 2 09/5
01/6
1,173
ACB
0,533
ACO
0,13
10/3
03/4
1,133
0,533
0,973
4,17
4,333
0,61
0,093
6,91
0,067
ACT
1,373
AGO
10/4
03/5
09/5
01/6
3,153 5,6
5,067
5,307
1,933
0,533
4,51
4,987
1,173
0,91
3,347
3,587
3,04
3,013
EUP FAV
0,16
FNG GAL
0,1
0,167
0,853
3,48
0,173
0,347
0,493
0,08
0,307
GON
0,133
0,193 0,117
0,307
LOB MER
0,667 0,147
MNT
0,44 3,4
0,417
1,787
3,467
MSO OHC
0,653
0,667
0,133
1,48
6,017
3,493
1,067
3,11
0,95
1,667
1,11
0,51
1,167 0,71
0,133
0,373
3
3,71
PAC
0,117
PAV PCL
0,307
0,11
0,133
0,067
0,4
0,96
1,04
1,373
PEC
0,4
0,96
0,573
PBR
10,65
11,19
17,55
11,56
38,57
38,11
0,08
1,31
1,187
PMS
11,44
19,11
58,67
38,31
8,733
15,41
8,1
1,59
3
9,667
0,167
0,04
1,187
1,493
1,347
SER STY
7,16
0,153
1,4
1,067 1,71
0,16
TUR CME/MIL
0,49
1,51
0,07
0,96
CTU CHL HC
47,1
56,16
87,45
51,31
50,09
57,15
17,84
17,35
30,59
31,35
15,3
14,53
High susc
1,81
1,07
0,167
0,117
0
0
5,44
14,91
11,63
11,79
11,14
14,93
43,58
51,56
86,39
51,08
47,31
53,79
9,167
7,39
9,187
13,48
11,97
5,96
low susc
3
A.1.4. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Batu Licin dan labuhan Lalang Kode
Batu Licin 10/3
03/4
ACA
15,78
1,987
ACB
1,66
41,33
10/4
03/5
1,573
Labuhan Lalang 09/5 1,36
01/6
10/3
03/4
1
0,987
1,373
1,51
10/4
03/5
09/5
01/6
5,04 11,61
1,113
0,187
1,6
0,693
1,16
0,16
0,013
0,133
ACO ACT
1,47
AGO
0,08
1,113
FAV
0,6
1,867
FNG
0,09
GAL
0,38
GON
6,18
4,147
4,37
0,773
EUP
4,6
1,067 0,187
1,04 0,14 0,733
0,417
0,1
0,467
0,617
1,84
0 1,867
0,14
0,4
0,31
1,613
0,167
0,117
1,16
0,773
0,113
10,91
0
0,053
1,11
1,973
0,133
4,387 0,68
1,613
0,933
0,533
0,053
0,153
0,053
0,4
LOB MER MNT
1,36 30,88
0,51
0,067 0,113
MSO 4,08
0,467
PAC
0,973
3,45
0,6
0,053
0,48
0,117
1,31
1,113
1,417
0,1
0,16
0,533
1,4 0,14
PEC
1,81
PBR
4,18
PMS 0,74
0,953
1,787
0,187 5,173
11,51
31,1
49,47
3,91
0,84
0,573
3,147
1,4
0,16
0,507
3,787
1,093
1,017
1,94
0,1
1,133
1,18
1,017
1,573
1,667
1,56
1,68
0,08
1,307
0,167
0,613
0,333
0,813
STY
0,11
TUR
0,573
0,467
CME/MIL CTU
1,18
0,31
0,493
PCL
SER
0,107
1,08
OHC PAV
0,813
1,89 0,7
3,08
0,4
1,39
0,33
CHL HC
49,84
66,75
40,85
35
47,71
59,59
10,59
14,17
14,44
14,11
15,11
6,933
High susc
31,46
45,89
8,533
4,557
7
3,573
4,973
6,606
11,43
3,167
5,153
3,587
low susc
11,63
13,39
1,44
15,97
36,76
51,05
5,08
5,133
1,853
10,75
7,08
3,067
4
A.1.5. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Kotal dan Pemuteran Timur Kode
Kotal 03/5
09/5
01/6
10/3
03/4
3,053
0,133
8,387
0,31
0,133
1,91
3,167
3,31
9,147
1,79
0,113
0,167
1,547
10/3
03/4
ACA
1,693
3,307
ACB
1,093
0,987 0,41 1,347
1,467
ACO ACT
1
AGO
0,117
Pemuteran Timur
10/4
4,973
10,57
8,107
1,333
0,053
0,307
0,36
0,113
1,307
3,36
09/5
0,417
01/6 1,773
3,16
1,167
0,57
FAV
0,153
1,547
0,187
1,467
FNG
0,133
0,067
0,067
0,113
GAL
0,44
0,1
0,14
1,91
0,4 0,053
GON
0,107
1,617
0,17
3,81
6,96
1,533
1,67
1,853 0,36
0,387
0,133
0,04
LOB
0,11
MER
0,133
MNT
1,373
4,71
0,04 0,667
0,1
0,6
0,333
MSO
3,77
0,147
1,173
0,15
0,147
1,04
0,093 0,187
0,067
0,4
0
0,09
1,56
0,77
0,14
0,4
PAC
0,147
PAV
0,1
PCL
6,017
1,133 0,68
1,547
0,417
PEC PBR
03/5
0,8
EUP
OHC
10/4
1,653
1,053
10,45
0,51
3,113
0,8
11,6
1,547
3,31
10,99
10,71
7,747
1,013
1,13
15,1
7,44
6,31
0,113 0,453
5,973
4,6
4,193
0,11
PMS
1,13
3,15
0,133
1,417
1,787
6,107
8,03
SER
0,987
0,947
0,68
0,193
9,307
STY
1,107
0,14
0,14
1,77
0,04
0
TUR CME/MIL
0,37
CTU CHL HC
13,48
16,65
17,88
14,45
14,16
61,43
11,58
10,97
16,16
49,11
10,37
19,39
High susc
10,81
9,69
6,4
17
15,41
45,64
1,61
4,893
7,73
16,09
1,693
7,167
low susc
1,057
5,517
6,36
6,733
7,747
13,87
9,19
5,197
18,18
31,88
16,85
9,547
5
A.1.6. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Pemuteran Barat dan Tabuhan Kode
Pemuteran Barat 10/3
03/4
ACA
1,147
0,413
ACB
1,173
10/4
1,167
09/5 0,36
01/6
10/3
03/4
5,48
0,96
3,573
10/4
4,093
0,307
1,113
03/5
09/5
0,56
1,307
01/6 10,18
1,067
1,067
ACO ACT
03/5
Tabuan
0,707
3,167
1,56
AGO
1,387
1,39
0,507
EUP FAV
0,093
0,973
0,51
0,8
0,75
0,613
0,653
3,16
FNG GAL
0,31
41,61
17,71
1,333
GON
0,173
0,11
LOB
0,587
MER
0,48
MNT
0,31
MSO
0,067
OHC
0,4
0,13
0,14
3,653
0,107
0,36
1,113
39,09
16,97
1,44
0,507
0,33
0,11
0,44
6,51
9,84
14,19
0,11 1,08
PAC
1,067
PAV PCL
0,117 0,193
1,307 0,153
0,387
PBR
0,667
0,653
PMS
0,307
5
SER
0,387
0,56
1,933
1,19
6,8
15,48
30,11
0,947
6,773
11,01
0,4
3,1
16,95
18,15
11,17
7,95
0,147
4,14
0,333
0,133
1,16
1,307
1,13
58,09
6,307
1,99
0,36
1,133
0,13
PEC
STY
0,4 0,387
0,08
0,987
TUR CME/MIL
0,97
CTU CHL HC
1,8 5,11
10,88
14,68
43,19
44
35,91
71,14
71,59
0
75,63
54,97
33,39
High susc
3,167
1,4
1,153
5,667
1,55
8,613
7,573
11,8
0
1,617
4,613
13,01
low susc
1,067
6,8
8,167
34,39
41,98
15,63
19,05
10,16
0
58,75
7,667
1,44
6
A.1.7. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di S.K. Takad dan S.K. Tanjung Kode
ACA
Sumber Kima Takad 10/3
03/4
3,133
0,113
ACB
10/4
03/5
Sumber Kima Tanjung 09/5
01/6
1,31
0,617
1,193
0,153
0,11
0,18
4,107
0,653
4,093
8,017
0,467
09/5
01/6
0,133
EUP
0,173 1,307
FNG
0,093
0,507
0,1 0,093
GON
1,417
3,093
1,6
0,067
0,893
3,853
0,587
0,333
9,4
0,373
0,167
0,167 0,413
0,907
0,167 0,08
LOB
1,1 1,187
9,013
3,96
0,64
0,347
0,307
0,117
0,187
0,1
0,067
0,04
MER 0,067
MSO OHC
03/5
0,153
AGO
MNT
10/4
0,067
ACT
GAL
03/4
1,08
ACO
FAV
10/3
4,333
0,093
0,113
0,387
1,017
5,573
0,453
1,307
1,067
8,573
0,113
0,16
0,31
0,113
0,167
1,03
0,573
1,17
0,787 1,87
0,153
0,48
0,117
0,947 0,547
0,14
0,053 0,347
0,053 1,48
0,11
0,187 0,14
0,1
PAC
0,453
0,03 1,16
PAV PCL
1,907
PEC
1,787
0,787
1,08
0,16
0,107
0,193
0,117
0,11
1,47
1
0,093
0,173
PBR
1,6
7,053
0,68
0
8,147
17,6
3,417
1,417
5,88
0,493
0,053
4,933
PMS
1,31
1,59
1,16
1,44
10,15
6,493
1,347
1,81
3,6
6,48
4,147
6,04
SER
1,907
1,347
0,933
0,053
0,747
0,693
1,36
0,133
0,747
4,14
0,947
0,56
STY
0,14
0,413
TUR
0,147
0,96
CME/MIL CTU CHL HC
17,45
17,96
9,16
15,68
18,33
44,33
6,703
9,01
33,71
14,04
8,643
High susc
8,733
1,193
4,363
1,147
1,173
3,133
1,1
1,1
11,48
8,987
1,947
4,14
4,31
9,617
3,153
11,33
13,14
31,15
5,193
7,01
19,83
14,71
6,193
11,43
low susc
7
15,85
A.1.8. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Wreck Kode
Wreck 10/3
03/4
ACA
1,707
ACB
0,99
10/4 1,573
09/5 1,51
8,413
4,113
01/6 0,787
0,14
ACO ACT
03/5 0,613
3,093
AGO
0,817
1,18
1
1,76
0,117
0,18
0,507
1,16
0,653
0,16
0,113
0,067
0,453
EUP FAV
0,053
1,173
FNG GAL
0,153
0,417
GON
0
LOB
0,173
MER MNT
1,16
MSO OHC
0,167
0,413
1,91
0,373
1,507
6,113
10,63
11,15
7,387
46,81
4,547
0,11
0,093 0,76
5,617
PAC
0
PAV PCL
4,533
0 0,573
1,96
0,333
0,187
0,417
0,173
PBR
8,093
5,91
13,17
9,617
18,79
8,787
PMS
0,773
8,57
1,307
0,747
0,453
SER
1,91
1,707
6,667
5,153
8,067
0,187
1,56
PEC
STY TUR CME/MIL
0,17
0,65
CTU CHL HC High susc low susc
16,6
38,17
47,31
50,45
45,77
5,757
9,79
16,57
16,84
18,14
0,96
8,91
16,09
15,57
11,01
19,96
13,31
8
61,09
A.2. Kedalaman 10 m A.2.1. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Mangrove dan Kelor Kode
Mangrove 10/3
03/4
10/4
03/5
ACA
0,333
ACB
1,017
0,707
0,947
0,733
0,68
0,933
Kelor 01/6
09/5
0,933
10/3
03/4
10/4
03/5
0,83
4,18
1,787
1,15
0,147
1,573
1,493
1,35
1,707
0,89
3,8
8,547
1,867
1,57
0,187
0,373
09/5
01/6
1,1 0,307
1,91
1,773
0,533
1,14
0,96
ACO ACT
0,68
AGO
0,56
EUP FAV
1,587
4,547
1,947
6,173
0,56
0,173
0,147
0,067
0,347
1,167
FNG GAL
7,44
4,56
1,4
0,167
0,16
0,387
3,81 0,11
0,133
0,167
3,18
0,71
0,193
LOB
8,79
0,36
0,36
0,81
1,1
0,507
1,817
8,17
1,133
1,71
0,493
1,01
0,31
0,14
0,33
0,307
0,1133
1,19
0,04
MER
1,867
MNT
8,333
1,11
0,04
0,117
0,093
4,373
3,113
0,067
6,853
MSO
1,14 0,187
0,747
5,373
0,167
0,547
PAC PAV
1,347
5,147
GON
OHC
0,667
0,933
0,153
1,07
0,667
PCL
0,1
PEC
0,05
0,08
0,117
0,44
0,387
0,453
0,4
1,14
1,333
0,47
1,333
0,91
0,1
3,31
1,733
PBR
1,68
18,04
0,187
1,467
8,333
7,51
4,133
1,347
0,1
4,48
13,34
PMS
0,4
0,507
0,147
3,667
8,417
4,667
1,4
1,67
0,133
0,59
0,96
0,67
0,147
0,467
0,71
0,08
1,533
SER STY
1,493
0,11
5,617
0,507
4,05
TUR CME/MI
0,31
CTU CHL
HC
5,91
51,16
7,504
16,89
39,56
11,83
17,96
13,11
9,747
48,1
14,87
14,44
High susc
0,68
1,693
3,153
7,813
6,71
4,136
9,8
11,61
6,44
15,18
4,35
1,933
4,117
34,13
1,773
13,64
19,37
17,03
8,4167
6,363
0,987
10,98
18,70
7,973
low susc
9
A.2.2. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Utara Pulau dan Takad Saru Kode
Utara Pulau 10/3
ACA ACB
10/4
1,04 1,04
ACO ACT
03/4 6,573
03/5
4,71
01/6 0,56
3,4
1,96
10/3
03/4
10/4
0,1
1,853
1,04
8,6
6,51
03/5 0,167
1,84
7,507
0,56
EUP
1,017
0,31
09/5 0,31
1,16
1,193
1,187
0,14
0,973
3,167
0,453
0,31
1,467
6,987
1,693
8,907
0,693
0,947
0,533
01/6 0,84 6,533 0,653 0,167
0,333 0,113
1,16
0,84
0,533
FNG
0,147
GAL
1,1
GON
1,18
13,73
LOB
0,133
0,4
MER MNT
09/5
1,733
0,39
AGO FAV
Takad Saru
6,787
3,31
0,133 0,133
1,867 0,133
3,693
0,933
3,987
0,147
0,96
0,4
0,13
1,08
0,067
3,573
3,013
0,933
PAC
0,787
PAV
1,14
0,307
PCL
1,03
1,17
PEC
0,413
PBR
4,093
PMS
0,347
3,093
0,153
0,4
0,14
1,573
7,31
0,933 7,347
SER
0,467
0,11
STY
4,413
0,18
TUR
0,173
0,167
0,193
1,96
0,56
0,14
1,093
0,4
0,153
0,117
0,307
1,907
0,093
0,56
0,933
0,693
0,13 4,4
1,31
0,6 8,59
0,4
0,167
0,53 1,133
3,11
0,467
MSO OHC
7,33
0,17
0,533
0,6
0,533
0,43
0,533
0,333
0,07
0,133
3,173
1,107
17,16
0,653
0,733
0,533
1,413
3,4
1,867
0,507
1,093
0,417
4,77
1,507
17,35
4,13
0,667
0,667
0,113
0,133
0,8
0,04
0,8
0,133
0,16
0,153
0,147
0,36
1,093
0,4
1,133
0,747
CME/MIL
1,43
CTU CHL HC
11,73
43,08
14,07
30,57
14,96
17,03
13,17
11,19
9,617
43,15
14,51
19,64
High susc
8,193
9,433
10,4
11,11
11,76
14,04
0,193
3,08
4,507
6,813
8,15
10,83
low susc
4,307
11,91
9,153
17,53
7,84
7,51
19,1
14,46
4,88
18,93
14,51
7,587
10
A.2.3. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Tanjung Gelap dan Pos 2 Kode
Tanjung Gelap 10/3
03/4
10/4
03/5
Pos 2 09/5
01/6
ACA ACB
0,14
0,64
1,067
10/3
03/4
1,04
1,773
0,11
1,107
03/5
09/5
6,31
4,933
1,4
0,707
3,31
3,1
ACO
1
ACT
0,117
AGO
5,1
0,813
0,173
EUP
5,117
0,6
0,1
0,11
0,933
GAL
0,093
5,533
0,067
1,64
0,16
0,13
0,387 0,787
9,947
4,893
0
FAV FNG
01/6
10/4
9,333
1,6
0,667
0,13
13,51
6,76
10,95
0,11
0,117
0,667
1,067
1,933
1,667
GON
3
0,053 0,11
LOB
1,1
MER
1,173
MNT
7,6
8,55
0,11
0,147
0,693
1,6
0,15
0,7
6,71
0,36
0,693
5,147
3,187
1,817
3,19
0,18
0,133
0,4
1,47
7,853
1,96
5,55
1,01
1
0,48
0,387
MSO OHC
5,117
PAC
0,617
PAV
0,017
PCL
0,1
0,147 0,18
0,113
0,133
0
1,067
0,533
1,05
4,173
4,11 1,387
3,08
PEC PBR
51,51
36,16
17,44
16,73
18,04
47,68
1,04
1,167
PMS
5,09
10,15
11
14,73
10,67
6,987
8,67
15,89
SER
0,307
STY
0,6
0,05
0,893
0,73
1,187
0,17
0,933
0,15
0,067
0,18 1,693
8,56
0,167 1,067
TUR
0,113
0,53
0,147
CME/MIL
0,19
CTU CHL HC High susc low susc
57,86
71,19
60,07
47,19
46,78
56,35
19,51
59,11
13,1
59,34
11,41
0,14
1,467
1,387
6,167
0
0
4,45
14,49
8,867
11,56
6,07
6,09
57,71
57,14
49,76
39,76
39,78
55,45
11,14
31,09
4,193
17,4
7,95
14,89
11
13,07
A.2.4. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Batu Licin dan Labuhan Lalang Kode
Batu Licin 10/3
03/4
ACA
3,547
3,04
ACB
3,167
0,773
10/4
03/5
Labuhan lalang 09/5
01/6
18,99 0,653
11,68
0,14
0,64
10/3 1,107
1,44
1,18
7,173
ACO ACT
7,113
1,467
1,387
1,307
1,187
0,093
0,933
0,067
0,91
0,187
0,76
FNG
03/5
09/5
1,853
0,133
1,093
0,96
0,987
0,14
5,04
GON
0,91
7,017
0,133
4,893
1,96
MSO
0,4
11,35
9,173 0,41
0,44
0,14
0,107 1,08
0,1 3,453
1,387
1,18
1,133
0,113
1,547
0,133
0,133
0,48
4,667
0,333 15,11
1,44
0,16 0,36
0,11
MER
3,88
0,193
1,947
LOB
01/6
0,133
0,417 0,14
0,31
GAL
OHC
1,68
1,987
EUP
MNT
10/4
0,68
AGO FAV
03/4
0,093 0,08
1,387
1,76
0,667
0,36
0,79
0,14
0,167
1,1
7,493
0,467
0,167
0,18
0,467
0,6
0,667
0,16
0,107
0,133 1,91
PAC
3,193
1,907
1,773
0,11
0,413
0,133
PAV
0,067 0,867
PCL PEC
1,653
PBR
4,64
PMS
0,117
0,587
0,11 0,84
0,133
0,71 1,61
0,71
4,147
0,193
0,84 7,773
0,667
3,107
8,733
10,17
0,867
1,193
0,71
0,96
1,573
0,193
3,453
0,76
SER
11,75
11,69
STY
0,44
1,867
TUR
5,893
1,947
5,04
0,867
1,76
1,067
0,153
0,373
0,64
5,333
0,117
0,187
0,813
0,193
0,173
0,167
0,347
0,76
1,08
CME/MIL CTU CHL HC
51,51
53,73
10
67,58
17,63
11,91
9,333
18,58
16,11
10,03
8
8,04
High susc
17,87
19,15
1,467
38,71
1,573
1,093
5,413
15,66
4,16
4,71
3,96
4,31
low susc
6,613
16,89
1,16
18,41
11,65
8,167
1,893
10,51
4,017
14,37
1,907
1,84
12
A.2.5. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Kotal dan Pemuteran Timur Kode
Kotal 10/3
03/4
ACA
0,167
1,67
ACB
0,133
5,31
10/4
03/5
09/5
0,347
19,71
5,147
01/6
10/3 0,4 9
10/4
03/5
09/5
1,19
1,853
0,307
5,6
1,57
01/6
0,117 1,893
0,493
0,187 1,11
1,19
0,33
0,813
0,88
1,68
1,113
0,36
0,147
4,59
0,147
0,1
0,56
43,19
6,79
0,88
15,11
0,533
1,01
1,76
0,07
1,747
0,1
0,153
3,61
0,587
0,8
0,49
1,093
0,76
AGO
0,907 0,147
EUP FAV
03/4
0,51
ACO ACT
Pemuteran Timur
0,71 0,96
0,41
FNG GAL
0,1
GON
0,15
0,017
0,613
0,387
1,547
0,1
0,107
1,093
0,147
0,107 0,153
1,06
1,387 1,153 1,08
0,113
0,04 0,1
LOB MER MNT
0,173 11,8
4,15
11,36
14,96
35,45
1,96
0,16
0,71
0,173
0,133 3,8
51,69
1,147
MSO OHC PAC PAV
0,867
0,4
PCL
1,117
0,15
PEC
0,573
0,133
0,64
0,17
PBR
3,47
7,01
4,8
PMS
0,56
0,68
0,6
SER STY
1,573
0,533
0,47 0,6
11,61 0,413
0,16
3,113
5,68
46,18
1,387
0,053 0,08
0,093
0,31
0,08
TUR CME/MIL CTU CHL HC
35,93
16,67
19,84
61,67
46,11
59,6
56,14
11,17
18,51
10,4
56,87
8,147
High susc
7,817
10,96
1,1
10,11
5,587
9
1,59
5,867
1,81
3,56
0,947
0,573
5,44
8,1
6,11
16,87
4,907
6,14
46,84
1,613
10,41
3,04
4,117
4,853
low susc
13
A.2.6. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Pemuteran Barat dan Tabuhan Kode
Pemuteran Barat 10/3
ACA ACB
03/4
10/4
03/5
0,507
1,587
09/5
ACT
1
AGO
0,117
EUP
0,933
1,113
0,64
03/4
1,167
0,747
10/4
3,193
0,173
0,11
0,71
1,533
1,187
0,153 0,347
0,733
0,167
1,08
0,14
0,667
0,333 0,117
5,067
1,117
4,467
3,733
01/6 1,187
1,973
0,14
1
0,51
0,36
0,187
0,467
0,147
4,96
1,14
1,6
0,133
0,117
10,51
16,71
11,11
10,77
13,65
3,84
9,167
0,85
0,133
0,88
0,117
0,333
0,187
0,547 6,48
0,113
0,467
0,193
MSO
0,133 0,33
1,88
0,093
0,017
4,01
0,08
PAC
0,373
PAV
9,547
PCL
0,18
0,133
0,117
1,18
PEC
0,4
0,49
1,56
0,133
PBR PMS
09/5
0
LOB MNT
0,973
0,093
3,893
GON
03/5
0,093
0,507
GAL
OHC
10/3
1,48 0,1
FNG
MER
01/6
0,1 0,617
ACO
FAV
Tabuan
0,467
SER
0,347
STY
3,14
1,36
0,147
1,947
0,893
0,387
3,84
1,617
0,933
10,57
11,8
3,613
11,64
3,013
0,973
1,14
13,14
0,147
0,18
0,68
0,117
0,333
0,76
0,187
1,707
0,18
TUR CME/MIL
0,57
CTU CHL HC
4,517
11,09
17,16
6,153
1,14
16,9
31,51
59,16
0
68,08
33,45
10,64
High susc
1,853
1,48
5,387
1,613
0,413
6,11
4,787
5,917
0
14,37
7,33
1,747
low susc
1,107
3,133
9,68
3,08
0,8
6,347
13,37
14,79
0
11,81
15,11
4,18
14
A.2.7. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di S.K. Takad dan S.K. Tanjung
Kode
Sumber Kima Takad 10/3
ACA
03/4
10/4
4,153
ACB
0,4
10,05
Sumber Kima Tanjung
03/5
09/5
1,947
1,453
01/6
10/3
03/4
10/4
03/5
09/5
01/6
3,067
1,053
1,51
1,16
0,133
ACO ACT
0,6
0,133
1,453
0,173
AGO
0,05
EUP FAV
0,693
FNG GAL
1,017
0,48
1,373
3,153
1,04
1,587
0,147
1,987
0,973
0,187
0,6
3,307
0,187
0,1
0,333
1,4
11,11
4,6
0,747
0,417
0,907
0,1
0,547
1,347
0,307
0,173
0,733
1,907
0,307
GON
1,03
4,113
0,76
MER 0,56
1,44
MSO
0,113
OHC
0,467
PAC
0,813 1,14
0,83
3,153
1,11
4,71 3,107
LOB MNT
0,053
1,11
3,96
3,947
1,853
4,91
1,017
1,31
0,307
0,053
0,48
PAV
0,66 0,333
PCL
0,413
0,56
PEC
0,733
0,76
PBR
0,44
PMS 0,167
STY
0,413
0,187
0,68
0,56
1,4
11,09 3,31
SER
1,387
0,773
0,71 0,99
1,507
1,64
1,907
0,193
0,96
0,187
1,813
1,533
TUR
0,1 0,147
0,467
3,51
0,413
1,48
0,193
7,587
0,71
1,453
0,173
1,91
0,467
1,013
1,017
1,373
0,533
0,68
0,933
0,51
0,16
CME/MIL CTU CHL HC
8,08
11,83
31,41
19,63
16,76
7,07
6,96
0
13,13
0
6,04
36,11
High susc
6,08
0,587
13,79
9,653
4,853
1,08
4,113
0
11,53
0
1,907
8,867
low susc
1,44
18,11
14,84
16,14
7,31
1,73
1,747
0
7,48
0
3,653
11,33
15
A.2.8. Persentase cover area terumbu karang di Wreck Kode
Wreck 10/3
03/4
ACA
3,16
1,84
ACB
4,49
3,89
10/4
03/5
4,707
18,57
1,573
3,51
5,693
EUP
1,853 0,617
0,107
1,88
5,4
0,16
0,413
1,093
0,867
1,467
1,113
3,167
0,067
0,387
0,167
0,1
GON
0,333
LOB
0,4
MER
1,653
MNT
8,133
1,067
FNG GAL
1,117 0,173
AGO FAV
01/6
1,18
ACO ACT
09/5
5,093
1,84
1,787
1,88
1,49
0,467
0,1
4,133
1,71
0,4
8,773
11,44
MSO OHC
1,307
PAC PAV
0,587
0,18
PCL
1,107
1,17
PEC
0,19
0,13 0,133
0,96
0,817
1,933
0,04
1,067
0,467
1,467
PBR
4,973
3,613
0,467
1,193
0,48
PMS
0,88
0,73
1,467
1,733
3,4
0,617
SER
1,4
0,333
0,333
3,067
1,053
0,193
1,09
1,067
STY
1,68 0,173
TUR CME/MIL
1,17
CTU CHL HC
17,61
17,77
13,86
34,8
15,54
30,81
High susc
11,73
11,15
14,48
14,6
10,11
14,71
low susc
7,893
10,16
4,907
6,067
5,817
4,193
16
Lampiran B. Persentase Hard Coral Cover (% HCC) dan perbandingan antar waktu pengambilan untuk tiap-tiap wilayah kajian B.1. Persentase Hard Coral Cover
B.1.1. Lokasi 1. Utara Pulau
B.1.2. Lokasi 2. Wreck
B.1.3. Lokasi 3. Mangrove
B.1.4. Lokasi 4. Pos 2
B.1.5. Lokasi 5. Tanjung Gelap
B.1.6. Lokasi 6. Labuhan Lalang
17
B.1.7. Lokasi 7. Takad Saru
B.1.8. Lokasi 8. Kotal
B.1.9. Lokasi 9. Batu Licin
B.1.10. Lokasi 10. Teluk Kelor
B.1.11. Lokasi 11. Sumber Kima Takad
B.1.l2. Lokasi 12. Sumber Kima Tanjung
18
B.1.13. Lokasi 13. Pemuteran Timur
B.1.14. Lokasi 14. Pemuteran Barat
B.1.15. Lokasi 15. Tabuhan
19
P ul a u
Okt03
Mart04
Lokasi
20
Okt04 T ab u ha n
K ot al B at u L ic in T el uk K el o r S .K .T ak ad S .K .T an ju ng P em .T im ur P em .B ar at
Persentase
P os Ta 2 nj . G el ap La b. La la ng T ak ad S ar u
W re ck M an g ro ve
U ta ra
P ul au
K ot al B at u Li ci Te n lu k K el or S .K .T ak S ad .K .T an ju ng P em .T im P ur em .B ar at Ta bu ha n
P os Ta 2 nj .G el ap La b. La la ng Ta ka d S ar u
W re ck M an gr ov e
U ta ra
Persentase
B.2. Perbandingan antar waktu pengambilan
B.2.1. Perbandingan pengambilan I dan II
70
Perbandingan pengambilan I&II
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Lokasi
Mart04
B.2.2. Perbandingan pengambilan II dan III
80
Perbandiang pengambilan II&III
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
K ot al B at u Li ci Te n lu k K el S or .K .T ak S ad .K .T an ju ng P em .T im P ur em .B ar at Ta bu ha n
21
K at u
ot al Li ci Te n lu k K el or S .K .T ak S ad .K .T an ju ng P em .T im ur P em .B ar at Ta bu ha n
B
P os Ta 2 nj .G el ap La b. La la ng Ta ka d S ar u
P Ta os 2 nj .G el ap La b. La la ng Ta ka d S ar u
P ul au
Persentase
W re ck M an gr ov e
U ta ra
W re ck M an gr ov e
P ul au
Persentase
U ta ra
B.2.3. Perbandingan pengambilan III dan IV
80
Perbandingan pengambilan III&IV
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Lokasi
Okt04
Perbandingan pengambilan IV&V
70
50
40
20
10
Mart05
Septm05
Mart05
B.2.4. Perbandingan pengambilan IV dan V
80
60
30
0
Lokasi
P ul au
2
G el ap
Lokasi Septm05
Lokasi
Okt03
22
Febu06
Ta bu ha n
K ot al B at u Li ci n Te lu k K el or S .K .T ak S ad .K .T an ju ng P em .T im ur P em .B ar at
La b. La la ng Ta ka d S ar u
T an j.
P os
M an gr ov e
W re ck
U ta ra
Persentase
P ul au
Li ci n
Ta bu ha n
K el o S r .K .T ak ad S .K .T an ju ng P em .T im ur P em .B ar at
T el uk
K ot al B at u
P os Ta 2 nj .G el ap La b. La la ng Ta ka d S ar u
W re ck M an gr ov e
U ta ra
Persentase
B.2.5. Perbandingan pengambilan V dan VI
Perbandingan pengambilan V&VI
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Febu06
B.2.6. Perbandingan pengambilan I dan VI
Perbandingan pengambilan I&VI
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Lampiran C. High dan Low susceptibility untuk tiap-tiap wilayah kajian dan pada kedalaman yang berbeda (3 dan10 m). C.1. High dan Low susceptibility pada kedalaman 3 m
C.1.1. Wilayah batu Licin dan Wreck
C.1.2. Wilayah Utara Pulau dan Tanjung Gelap
C.1.3. Wilayah Takad Saru dan Tabuan
23
C.1.4. Wilayah S.K. Tanjung dan S.K. Takad
C.1.5. Wilayah Mangrove dan Labuhan Lalang
C.1.6. Wilayah Pemuteran Barat dan Kotal
24
C.1.7. Wilayah Kelor
25
C.2. High dan Low susceptibility pada kedalaman 10 m
C.2.1. Wilayah Mangrove dan Labuhan Lalang
C.2.2. Wilayah Kotal dan kelor
C.2.3. Wilayah Utara Pulau dan Tanjung Gelap
26
C.2.4. Wilayah Takad Saru dan tabuhan
C.2.5. Wilayah S.K. Tanjung dan S.K. Takad
C.2.6. Wilayah Pos 2 dan Pemuteran Timur
27
C.2.7. Wilayah Pemuteran Barat
28
Lampiran D. SST untuk wilayah Bali D.1. SST tahun 2003
Ki-ka : SST bulan 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, pada minggu ke tiga
29
D.2. SST tahun 2004
(Ki-ka) (tanggal/bulan) Baris 1: 16/01, 14/02, 24/03, 18/04, baris 2: 20/04, 04/06, 23/07, 16/08, baris 3: 17/09, 11/10, 14/11, 22/12.
30
D.3. SST tahun 2005
(Ki-ka) (tanggal/bulan) Baris 1: 21/01, 06/02, 10/03, 11/03, baris 2: 22/06, 24/07, 17/08, 26/9, baris 3: 04/04, 12/04, 20/04, 28/04, baris 3: 12/10, 13/11
31
D.4. SST tahun 2006
(ki-ka) (tanggal/bulan): baris 1: 06/02, 14/02, 11/04, 13/04, baris 2: 29/04
32
Lampiran E. Anomali perairan untuk wilayah Bali E.1. Anomali tahun 2003
E.2. Anomali tahun 2004
33
E.3. Anomali tahun 2005
E.4. Anomali tahun 2006
34
Lampiran F. SSH untuk beberapa titik disekitar wilayah Bali F.1. SSH Utara Bali dan smoothed Trend Analysis Plot for SSH Utara Bali Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0194 + 0.000213*t Variable A ctual F its
0.2
A ccuracy Measures MA PE 316.212 MA D 0.068 MSD 0.007
SSH (meter)
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-0.2 1
18
36
54
72
90 108 Index
126
144
162
180
Smoothed Plot for SSH Utara Bali Variable A ctual
0.2
Smoothed Mov ing A v erage Length 12
SSH
0.1
A ccuracy Measures MA PE 238.358 MA D 0.067 MSD 0.007
0.0
-0.1
-0.2 1
18
36
54
72
90 108 Index
35
126
144
162
180
F.2. 114.9E 8.6S Trend Analysis Plot for 114.9 8.6S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0265 + 0.000292*t 0.3
Variable A ctual F its
0.2
A ccuracy Measures MA PE 119.838 MA D 0.087 MSD 0.012
meter
0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
112
128
144
160
F.3. 114.6E 8.4S Trend Analysis Plot for 114.6 8.4S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0264 + 0.000303*t 0.3
Variable A ctual Fits
0.2
A ccuracy Measures MA PE 140.948 MA D 0.077 MSD 0.009
meter
0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
36
112
128
144
160
F.4. 115.1E 7.9S Trend Analysis Plot for 115.1 7.9S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0212 + 0.000282* t 0.2
Variable A ctual F its A ccuracy Measures MA PE 184.770 MA D 0.057 MSD 0.005
meter
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-0.2 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
112
128
144
160
F.5. 114.9E 8.6S Trend Analysis Plot for 114.9 8.6S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0265 + 0.000292*t 0.3
Variable A ctual Fits
0.2
A ccuracy Measures MA PE 119.838 MA D 0.087 MSD 0.012
meter
0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
37
112
128
144
160
F.6. 115.6E 8.6S Trend Analysis Plot for 115.6 8.6S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0194 + 0.000323* t Variable A ctual F its
0.2
A ccuracy Measures MA PE 167.052 MA D 0.071 MSD 0.008
meter
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-0.2 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
112
128
144
160
F.7. 115.4E 9.1S Trend Analysis Plot for 115.4 9.1S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0157 + 0.000299*t 0.3
Variable Actual Fits
0.2
Accuracy Measures MA PE 115.649 MA D 0.096 MSD 0.014
meter
0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
38
112
128
144
160
F.8. 115.4E 7.9.S Trend Analysis Plot for 115.4 7.9S Linear Trend Model Yt = -0.0210 + 0.000300* t 0.2
Variab le A ctual F its A ccuracy M easures MA PE 135.216 MA D 0.056 MSD 0.005
meter
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-0.2 1
16
32
48
64
80 96 Index
39
112
128
144
160
