DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abidin,H.Z.,2000, Penentuan Posisi dengan GPS dan Aplikasinya: Pradnya Paramita Adams, W.G., Comparison of simultaneous magnetic disturbance at several observatories, Phil. Trans. London (A), 183, 131, 1892. Akasofu, S.-I. and S. Chapman, On the asymmetric development of magnetic storm field in low and middle latitudes, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 607, 1964. Akasofu, S.-I. and S. Chapman, Solar Terrestrial Physics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1972. Bishop, G.J., Mazzella, A.J., Holland, E., and Rao, S., 1996. Algorithms that use the ionosphere to control GPS errors, in Proceedings of the IEEE 1996 Position Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS), IEEE Press, Piscataway, N.J., pp. 145-152. Bishop, G.J., Coco, D.S., Lunt, N., Coker, C., Mazzella, A.J., and Kersley, L., 1997. Application of SCORE to extract protonospheric electron content from GPS/NNSS observations, in Proceedings of ION GPS ’97, Inst. of Navig., Alexandria, Va., pp. 207-216. Broun, J.A., On the horizontal force of the Earth's magnetism, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 22, 511, 1861. Cahill, L.J., Jr, Inflation of the inner magnetosphere during a magnetic storm, J. Geophys. Res., 71, 4505, 1966. Chapman, S., The electric current-systems of magnetic storms, Terr. Mag. Atomos. Phys., 40, 349, 1935. Chapman, S., The morphology of magnetic storms: an extension of the analysis of Ds, the disturbance local-time inequality, Annali di Geofisica, 5, 481, 1952. Chuo, Y.J., Liu, J.Y., Pulinets, S.A., and Chen, Y.I., 2002. The ionospheric perturbations prior to the Chi-Chi and Chia-Yi earthquakes, J. Geodynamics, 33, 509-517.
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35
LAMPIRAN I Hasil Analisis Differensial TEC tahun 2004-2005
I.1
Kondisi dTEC bulan Desember 2004
I.2
Kondisi dTEC bulan Februari 2005
I.3
Kondisi dTEC bulan Februari 2005
I.4
Kondisi dTEC bulan Februari 2005
I.5
Kondisi dTEC bulan Maret 2005
I.6
Kondisi dTEC bulan April 2005
I.7
Kondisi dTEC bulan April 2005
I.8
Kondisi dTEC saat gempa tanggal 10 April 2005
I.9
Kondisi dTEC saat gempa tanggal 16April 2005
I.10
Kondisi dTEC saat gempa tanggal 28April 2005
36
DESEMBER 2004
H-19
H-18
H-20
H-17
H-5 H-0
M=9,2
Gambar L I.1 Kondisi
dTEC
bulan Desember 2004, 20, 19, 18, 17 hari
sebelum Gempabumi Aceh terjadi penurunan TEC karena ada Badai Magnetic (warna biru) 5 hari sebelum Gempabumi Aceh terjadi Penurunan TEC sebagai persiapan Gempabumi (warna biru).
37
FEBRU
Gambar L I.2 Kondisi dTEC bulan Februari 2005
38
H-5
H-0,M=6,8
Gambar L I.3 Kondisi dTEC bulan Februari 2005, 5 Hari sebelum Gempa bumi terjadi penurunan TEC ( warna biru) Origin time : 26 Februari 2005, Jam 12 56 52,6 UTC Episenter
: 2,9 LU-95,59 BT
Magnitudo : 6,8 SR, Kedalaman 36 Km Dirasakan di Banda Aceh III MMI
39
Gambar L I.4 Kondisi dTEC bulan Februari 2005
40
Kondisi dTEC bulan Maret 2005
H-6
H-4
H-5
H-0
Gambar L I.5 Kondisi dTEC bulan Maret 2005, Terjadi penurunan dTEC 6, 5, 4 hari sebelum Gempabumi terjadi Origin time : 28 Maret, Jam 16 09 36,51 UTC Episenter
: 2,08 LU-97,10 BT
Magnitudo : 8,6 SR Kedalaman 40 Km Dirasakan di P.Nias, Simeleue, Kep.Banyak
41
H=0,M=6,3,pada 3 -4-2005
H-5
H-4
H-3
23-3-05 H=0,M=6,3
Gambar L I.6 Kondisi dTEC bulan April 2005, Terjadi penurunan 5 hari sebelum gempabuni terjadi Origin time : 3April 2005 jam 00 59 15,1 UTC Episenter
: 0,24 LS-97,64BT
Magnitudo : 6,3 SR kedalaman 33 Km Dirasakan di P.Nias dengan intensitas V MMI
42
H-7
8-4-2005 H=0,M=6,7
H-4
Gambar L I.7 Kondisi dTEC bulan April 2005, Terjadi penurunan TEC 7 hari sebelum Gempabumi Origin time : 8 April 2005 jam 05 48 36,0 UTC Episenter : 0,21 LU-97,97 BT Magnitudo : 6,0 SR Kedalaman 30 Km Dirasakan di Gunung Sitoli dengan intensitas III MMI
43
H-6
H=0,M=6,7 10-4-05
Gambar L I.8 Kondisi dTEC saat gempa tanggal 10 April 2005
44
H-5
H=0,M=6.1 16-4-2005
(Data tidak lengkap)
Gambar L I.9 Kondisi dTEC saat gempa tanggal 16April 2005
45
(Data tidak lengkap)
H-8
H=0,M=6,0 28-4-2005
Gambar L I.10 Kondisi dTEC saat gempa tanggal 28April 2005
46
