THE READING COMPREHENSION OF THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MTS NU MATHOLI’UL HUDA KUDUS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2011/2012 TAUGHT BY USING DIRECTED READING ACTIVITY (DRA)
By JAMILATUL FAJRIYAH NIM 200832265
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012
i
ii
THE READING COMPREHENSION OF THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MTS NU MATHOLI’UL HUDA KUDUS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2011/2012 TAUGHT BY USING DIRECTED READING ACTIVITY (DRA)
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education Department
By: JAMILATUL FAJRIYAH NIM 200832265
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012 iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION MOTTO:
Positive thinking is right, but negative thinking is not wrong.
Keep Smiling
Keep Trying
Don’t give up
I can do my best
DEDICATIONS: This skripsi is dedicated to: 1.
Her beloved parents who always take care and support her
2.
Her brother and her sister
3.
Her beloved “Onong”
4.
Her best friends
5.
All of her friends in UMK FM
6.
All of her friends in English Education department in academic year 2012.
iv
v
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The writer special thanks must first and for most go to Allah SWT the almighty and the merciful for the blessing, health, miracle and inspiration given to me leading to completing of this final project and fishing my research. Praise and innovation are also given to our prophet, Muhammad SAW, who is always hoped her intercession in the end of the world. Therefore, the writer would express her appreciation to those who have helped her, namely: 1. Drs. Susilo Raharjo M.Pd as a Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University 2. Fitri Budi Suryani,S.S, M.Pd as the head of English Education Department 3. Atik Rokhayani,S.Pd, M.Pd as the first advisor for her best suggestions, guidance, and motivation in finishing this final project 4. Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd as the second advisor for valuable help, guidance, and motivation in finishing this final project 5. Zaenuri,S.Ag as the headmaster of MTs. NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus for giving her permission to conduct research 6. The English teacher of
MTs. NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus, Hj Nira
Barawati,S.Pd, the writer thanks for her helps, and all of the students of seventh grade students of MTs. NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011/2012 7. Her beloved parents who always give support, motivation and moral encouragement to finish her research 8. Her brother and sister thanks for support and affection vii
9. Her beloved “Onong” who always give support, care, and love. 10. Her best friends, thanks for your helps and support Nida, Inu, Mamah, Bude, Tante, Iis, Shelly, Caca, Husna 11. Her beloved friends in UMK FM, Sqapiun, Tata, Viana, Echa, Alam Perdana, Izunun, Aam Those cannot be mentioned one by one for the support. Therefore, she hopes any constructive criticism from the readers to make it better.
Kudus, July 2012
The writer
viii
ABSTRACT Fajriyah, Jamilatul. 2012. The Reading Comprehension of the Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Directed Reading Activity (DRA). Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Traning and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (1) Atik Rokhayani,S.Pd, M.Pd , (2) Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd. Key Words: Reading Comprehension, Directed Reading Activity The success of teaching English as a foreign language is determined by many factors such as, the teacher, material, and the attitudes of the students towards studying English. Therefore, English teacher have to be aware that their students must study English more effectively, especially for reading because everyone needs information to know the world development. The information is very important for us to develop our knowledge, skills, or just entertain. In accessing information, we should have a good reading skill because we need to understand the meaning of the text. So reading is very important for us. The purpose of the writer is to find out: whether or not there is any significant difference the ability of reading comprehension of the seventh grade students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011 /2012 taught by and without using Directed Reading Activity. In this research the writer uses experimental research design control group. There are two variables; Directed Reading Activity as independent variable and the ability of reading comprehension of seventh grade students of MTs Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011/2012 as dependent variable. The writer determines seventh grade students of MTs Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011/2012 as the population. The writer takes samples in VIIA as experimental group and VIIB as control group uses tests to get the accurate data. After conducting the tretment of reading comprehension of the seventh grade students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011 /2012 taught by using Three Phase Technique, the writer found the highest score is 84 and the lowest is 56. And reading comprehension of the seventh grade students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011 /2012 taught by using Directed Reading Activity, the writer found the highest score is 88 and the lowest is 60. The result of the data can be seen in appendix 11. The writer gets t0= 4.375, It is bigger than t-table (on the level of significance of 5% (df) N1+N2-2=58 ttable is 1.671), in other word t0> t-table = 4.375>1.671. It means that the Null Hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is confirmed. Based on the explanation above, the hypothesis of this research that there is a significant difference between the ability of reading comprehension of the seventh grade students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus in academic year 2011 /2012 is confirmed. The last this research can be useful as the reference for further research especially in reading comprehension. ix
ABSTRAKSI
Fajriyah, Jamilatul. 2012. Pemahaman Membaca pada Siswa-Siswa Kelas Tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus Tahun Ajaran 2011/2012 Diajar dengan Menggunakan Directed Reading Acivity (DRA). Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Atik Rokhayani,S.Pd, M.Pd , (2) Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd. Key Words: Reading Comprehension, Directed Reading Activity Keberhasilan mengajar bahasa inggris sebagai bahasa asing ditentukan oleh banyak faktor seperti guru, materi, dan sikap kepada siswa yang sedang belajar bahasa inggris. Oleh karena itu, Guru bahasa inggris harus sadar bahwa siswa mereka harus belajar bahasa inggris lebih efektif, terutama untuk mengetahui perkembangan dunia. Informasi adalah sangat penting untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan, ketrampilan, atau hanya hiburan. Dalam mendapatkan informasi,kita seharusnya mempunyai ketrampilan membaca yang bagus karena kita perlu untuk memahami arti dalam sebuah teks. Jadi, membaca sangat penting untuk kita. Tujuan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: Apakah ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari kemampuan pemahaman membaca pada siswa kelas tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus tahun ajaran 2011/2012 diajar dengan menggunakan Directed Reading Activity. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan desain eksperimen kelompok kontrol. Ada dua variabel, pertama yaitu Directed Reading Activity sebagai independent variable dan kemampuan pemahaman membaca pada siswa kelas tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus tahun ajaran 2011/2012 sebagai dependent variable. Penulis menentukan siswa kelas tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus tahun ajaran 2011/2012 sebagai populasi. Penulis mengambil contoh dalam kelas VIIA sebagai kelompok experiment dan VIIB sebagai kelompok kontrol menggunakan tes untuk mendapat data yang akurat. Setelah melakukan tretment kemampuan pemahaman membaca pada siswa kelas tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus tahun ajaran 2011/2012 diajar menggunakan Three Phase Technique, penulis mendapat nilai tertinggi adalah 84 dan nilai terendah 56. Dan kemampuan pemahaman membaca pada siswa kelas tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus tahun ajaran 2011/2012 diajar menggunakan Directed Reading Activity, penulis mendapat nilai tertinggi adalah 88 dan nilai terendah 60. Hasil dari data dapat dilihat di appendix 11. Penulis mendapat t0= 4.375, tersebut lebih besar daripada t-table (dalam level of significance of 5% (df) N1+N2-2=58 t-table is 1.671), dalam kata lain t0> t-table = 4.375>1.671. Tersebut berarti bahwa Null Hypothesis (H0) adalah tidak diterima dan Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) adalah diterima. x
Berdasarkan penjelasan di atas, hypothesa dalam penelitian ini adalah ada perbedaan yang significan diantara kemampuan pemahaman membaca pada siswa kelas tujuh MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda Kudus tahun ajaran 2011/2012 adalah diterima. Terakhir dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi untuk peneliti lainnya terutama dalam pemahaman membaca.
xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ...................................................................................................... LOGO ........................................................................................................ TITLE ........................................................................................................ MOTTO AND DEDICATION .................................................................. ADVISOR’S APPROVAL ........................................................................ EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ..................................................................... ACKNOWLEDGMENT ............................................................................ ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................... LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................... LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................... LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................
Page i ii iii iv v vi vii ix xii xiv xv xvi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1
Background of the Research .............................................................
1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ..................................................................
4
1.3
Objective of the Research .................................................................
4
1.4
Significance of the Research .............................................................
4
1.5
Limitation of the Research ................................................................
5
1.6
Operational Definition .....................................................................
5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND HYPOTHESIS 2.1 Teaching English in MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda ...............................
7
2.1.1 The Curriculum of Teaching English in MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda.
8
2.1.2 The Purpose of Teaching English in MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda ......
9
2.1.3 The Material of Teaching English in MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda .....
10
2.1.4 The Technique of Teaching English in MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda..
11
2.2
Reading as a Language Skill ...........................................................
13
2.3
Descriptive Text ................................................................................
15
2.3.1 The Social Function of Descriptive Text ..........................................
15
2.3.2 The Generic Structure of Descriptive text ........................................
16
2.3.3 The language Features of Descriptive Text ......................................
16
2.4
17
Directed Reading Activity as Strategy of Teaching ......................... xii
2.5
Teaching Reading Descriptive Text by Using Directed Reading Activity .............................................................................................
19
2.6
Review of the Previous Research......................................................
21
2.7
Theoretical Framework .....................................................................
22
2.8
Hypothesis of the Research ...............................................................
23
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH 3.1
Design of the Research .....................................................................
25
3.2
Population and Sample .....................................................................
27
3.3
Instrument of the Research ...............................................................
28
3.4
Data Collection .................................................................................
29
3.5
Data Analysis ....................................................................................
30
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING 4.1
Data Description.................................................................................
34
4.1.1 The Ability of Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Directed Reading Activity..................................................
34
4.1.2 The Ability of Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Three Phase Technique.......................................................
37
4.2
Hypothesis Testing............................................................................
39
CHAPTER V: DISCUSSION 5.1 Discussion.........................................................................................
40
CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1
Conclusion ........................................................................................
44
6.2
Suggestion .........................................................................................
44
BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................
46
APPENDICES ..........................................................................................
47
CURRICULUM VITAE ..........................................................................
121
xiii
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
3.1
The Criteria of the Students’Score of Reading Comprehension…...
31
4.1
The Data of the Score of the Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Directed Reading Activity……………
35
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Score of Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Directed Reading Activity................................................................................
36
The Data of the Score of the Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Three Phase Technique...........................................................................................
37
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Score of Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Three Phase Technique...........................................................................................
38
4.2
4.3
4.4
xiv
LIST OF FIGURES Figure
Page
3.1
Experimental Design with a Control Group ..................................... 26
4.1
The Bar Diagram of Score of the Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Directed Reading Activity.............................................................................................. 36
4.2
The Bar Diagram of Score of the Reading Comprehension of Seventh Grade Students of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using Three Phase Technique........................................................................................... 38
xv
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
1. Syllabus of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda in Academic Year 2011/2012
47
2. Lesson Plan ..........................................................................................
51
3. The table of Specification of Reading Comprehension .......................
97
4. The Reading Ability Test .....................................................................
98
5. Index of Reability ................................................................................
105
6. The Calculation of Reability ................................................................
106
7. The Score of the Reading Comprehension by Using Directed Reading Activity....... ...........................................................................
107
8. The Calculation of Mean and Standart Deviation in Experimental Group..................................................................................................... 108 9. The Score of the Reading Comprehension by Using Three Phase Tehnique...... ........................................................................................
111
10. The Calculation of Mean and Standart Deviation in Control Group ...
112
11. The T-obeservation of Mean of Experimental Group and Control Group........ ...........................................................................................
115
12. The List of Seventh Grade Students VII C of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda................................................................
117
13. The List of Seventh Grade Students VII A of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda................................................................
118
14. The List of Seventh Grade Students VII B of MTs NU Matholi’ul Huda................................................................
xvi
119
