IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK NASIONAL PATI IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013 TAUGHT BY USING CLASSWIDE PEER TUTORING
By ANTON TRIMARA PUTRA NIM 200832101
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012
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IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK NASIONAL PATI IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013 TAUGHT BY USING CLASSWIDE PEER TUTORING
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment for Completing the Sarjana Progam in English Education
By ANTON TRIMARA PUTRA NIM 200832101
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is that to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Anton Trimara Putra (NIM: 200832101) has been approved by the thesis advisor for further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus,
September 2012
Advisor I
Dr.. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. NIS. S. 0610713020001020
Advisor II
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. S. 0610701000001207
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd NIP 19560619-198503 198503-1-002
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Anton Trimara Putra (NIM: 200832101) 200832 has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement requirement for the Sarjana Degree in English Education Department. Department Kudus, September 2012 Thesis Examining Committee:
Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. NIS. S. 0610713020001020
, Chairperson
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001207
, Member
Mutohhar,, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001204 610701000001204
, Member
Titis Sulistiyowati,, SS, S M.Pd. NIS. 1981402-200501 200501-2-001
, Member
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd NIP 19560619-198503 198503-1-002 v
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO Nothing is impossible Think, do and feel the results There is no perfect world, but do not feel like the worst
DEDICATION This skripsi dedicated to: His beloved parents (Sutrimo and Sumarmi) who always give their love, advice and pray for him. Thanks for all. His young brother “Hendri” and family who always give support for him. His beloved girl “Riyadhul Badi’ah” who always give spirit for him. You are the special. All his friends who are always loyal to the hard and happy.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
His special thanks must first and foremost go to Allah SWT the almighty and the merciful for blessing, health, miracle and inspiration given to his leading to the completion of this skripsi. Praise and invocation are also given to our prophet, Muhammad SAW, who is always his intercession in the end of the world. Therefore, the researcher would express his appreciation to those who have helped him, namely: 1.
Drs. Susilo Raharjo M.Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria University.
2.
Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M.Pd. as the Head of English Education Department.
3.
Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. as the First Advisor for his best suggestion, guidance, and motivation in finishing this skripsi.
4.
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the Second Advisor for her valuable help, guidance, correction and suggestion for the completion of this skripsi.
5.
Ponco Sugiharto, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the Headmaster of SMK Nasional Pati, who permits him to conduct the research in his school.
6.
Drs. Santoso as the PIC of SMK Nasional Pati, who helps and facilitates him to conduct the research in his school.
7.
The English Teacher of class X AK 2 of SMK Nasional Pati, Mrs. Anik Sudiyati, S. Pd, thanks for her help, and all of the students of class X AK 2 of SMK Nasional Pati for helping him in collecting the data.
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8.
His beloved parents (Sutrimo and Sumarmi) who always make him proud and spirit.
9.
His beloved “Riyadhul Badi’ah” who always gives support, motivation and moral encouragement with love to finish his study.
10. His brothers, especially “Hendri”, thank for support. 11. His family, thank for support and affection. 12. His loyal friends (Diqin, Kukuh, Jojo, Jojon, Wafa and Irfan,) thank for your help and motivation.
Kudus,
September 2012
The Researcher
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ABSTRACT
Putra, Anton Trimara. 2012. Improving Reading Comprehension of the Tenth Grade Students of SMK Nasional Pati in the Academic Year 2012/2013 Taught by Using Classwide Peer Tutoring. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Advisor: (i) Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. (ii) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. Keywords: Reading Comprehension, Classwide Peer Tutoring Teaching English is one of the most important teachings in Senior Vocational School because English is one of lesson in final examination in the last year of Senior Vocational School. Therefore, all students have to master English well, especially reading comprehension. Reading comprehension has the biggest percentage in the examination. Although reading comprehension of the tenth grade students of SMK Nasional Pati in the academic year 2012/2013 is categorized sufficient, but most of students still cannot reach the KKM (75). Therefore, researcher does research to improve the students’ reading comprehension. In this research, researcher uses Classwide Peer Tutoring to improve reading comprehension of the students. Classwide Peer Tutoring is one of instructional strategy which provides opportunity for students to serve and help each other in teaching learning process through peer tutoring. The objectives of the research is to know if Classwide Peer tutoring can improve the reading comprehension of the tenth grade students of SMK Nasional Pati in academic year 2012/2013. The method used in this research is classroom action research (CAR). CAR is one of the kind research that is done by the teacher in the class. CAR has four step. Those are planning, action, observation, and analysis and reflection. The subject of the research is the tenth grade X AK 2 students of SMK Nasional Pati in the academic year 2012/2013. After doing two cycles in teaching reading, researcher finds that the students’ reading comprehension has increasing in every cycle. the students’ reading comprehension in cycle 1 is 75,79%. The improvement score from the last score in daily assessment to cycle 1 is 7,37%. Students’ reading comprehension in cycle 2 reaches 85,13% . The improvement score from cycle 1 to cycle 2 is 9,34%. Beside the score, the students’ activeness also increase in cycle 2, students become more active and focus to the materials in peer tutoring. The result shows all students can reach the criteria standard and got excellent achievement in cycle 2. Based on that condition, researcher decided to stop his research. From the result of this research, researcher can conclude that Classwide Peer Tutoring can improve the reading comprehension of the tenth grade students of SMK Nasional Pati in academic year 2012/2013. Then, researcher can suggests for teacher to use Classwide Peer Tutoring to teach her students, especially in teaching reading. ix
ABSTRAK
Putra, Anton Trimara. 2012. Meningkatkan Pemahaman Membaca Siswa Kelas Kesepuluh dari SMK Nasional Pati pada Tahun Ajaran 2012/2013 diajar dengan Menggunakan Classwide Peer Tutoring. Skripsi. Progam Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakutas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. (ii) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. Kata Kunci: Pemahaman Membaca, Classwide Peer Tutoring Mengajar bahasa Inggris adalah salah satu dari pengajaran yang terpenting di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan karena bahasa Inggris adalah salah satu dari pelajaran dalam ujian terakhir di akhir tahun ajaran pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Oleh sebab itu, semua siswa harus menguasai bahasa Inggris dengan baik, terutama pemahaman membaca. Pemahaman membaca memiliki persentase terbesar dalam ujian. Walaupun pemahaman membaca para siswa kelas kesepuluh dari SMK Nasional Pati pada tahun ajaran 2012/2013 dikategorikan cukup, akan tetapi kebanyakan dari para siswa masih tidak dapat mencapai KKM (75). Oleh karena itu, peneliti melaksanakan penelitian untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa-siswi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan Classwide Peer Tutoring untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa-siswi. Classwide Peer Tutoring adalah salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang mana menyediakan kesempatan kepada para siswa untuk saling melayani dan membantu satu sama lain dalam proses belajar mengajar melalui pengajaran sebaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Classwide Peer tutoring dapat meningkatkan pemahaman membaca para siswa dari kelas kesepuluh dari SMK Nasional Pati pada tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). PTK adalah salah satu jenis penelitian yang dilakukan oleh guru didalam kelas. PTK memiliki empat tahap. Seluruhnya adalah rencana, tindakan, pengamatan, dan analisis dan refleksi. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas kesepuluh X AK 2 dari SMK Nasional Pati pada tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Setelah menjalankan dua siklus dalam mengajar reading, peneliti menemukan pemahaman membaca siswa mempunyai peningkatan disetiap siklus. Pemahaman membaca siswa di siklus 1 adalah 75,79%. Peningkatan dari nilai ulangan harian terakhir ke siklus 1 adalah 7,37%. Pemahaman membaca siswa di siklus 2 mencapai 85,13%. peningkatan nilai dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 adalah 9,34%. Selain nilai, keaktifan para siswa juga meningkat disiklus 2, para siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan fokus terhadap materi dalam pengajaran sebaya. Hasilnya semua siswa dapat mencapai criteria standar dan mendapat pencapaian baik sekali disiklus 2. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, peneliti memutuskan untuk menghentikan penelitiannya.
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Dari hasil penelitian ini, peneliti dapat menyimpulkan bahwa Classwide Peer Tutoring dapat meningkatkan pemahaman membaca para siswa kelas kesepuluh dari SMK Nasional Pati pada tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Kemudian, peneliti dapat menyarankan kepada guru untuk menggunakan Classwide Peer Tutoring untuk mengajar para siswanya, khususnya dalam mengajar membaca.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ........................................................................................................... i LOGO .............................................................................................................. ii TITLE............................................................................................................... iii APPROVAL OF ADVISOR ........................................................................... vi APPROVAL OF COMMITTEE ..................................................................... v MOTTO AND DEDICATION ....................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ................................................................................. vii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... ix ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... x TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................. xii LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... xvi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................ xvii LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xviii LIST OF COMPLEMENTS ........................................................................... xix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Research ....................................................................
1
1.2. Statement of the Problem .........................................................................
6
1.3. Objective of the Research ........................................................................
6
1.4. Significance of the Research ....................................................................
6
1.5. Limitation of the Research .......................................................................
7
1.6. Operational Definition .............................................................................
8
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND ACTION 2.1. Literature Review ....................................................................................
9
2.1.1 Reading ..................................................................................................
9
2.1.1.1 Purpose of Reading .............................................................................
9
2.1.1.2 Reading Comprehension .....................................................................
10
2.1.1.3 Factors Affecting Performance in Reading Comprehension ..............
11
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2.1.1.4 Reading Strategies ...............................................................................
11
2.1.2 Tutoring ..................................................................................................
13
2.1.2.1 Peer Tutoring .......................................................................................
13
2.1.2.2 Classwide Peer Tutoring (CWPT) ......................................................
15
2.1.2.3 Procedures of Implementation CWPT ................................................
17
2.1.2.4 The Advantages and Disadvantages of CWPT ...................................
18
2.1.3 English Teaching for Vocational High School ......................................
20
2.1.3.1 English Teaching in SMK Nasional Pati ............................................
21
2.1.3.2 The Curriculum of English Teaching in SMK Nasional Pati .............
23
2.1.3.3 The Material of English Teaching in SMK Nasional Pati …. ............
24
2.1.4 Review of Previous Research .................................................................
25
2.1.5 Theoritical Framework ...........................................................................
26
2.2 Action Hypothesis .....................................................................................
27
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Setting and Characteristic of Subject of the Research ..............................
28
3.2 Variable of the Research ...........................................................................
29
3.3 Design of the Research ..............................................................................
29
3.3.1 Planning .................................................................................................
31
3.3.2 Acting .....................................................................................................
32
3.3.3 Observing ...............................................................................................
32
3.3.4 Reflecting ...............................................................................................
33
3.4 Procedure of the Research .........................................................................
33
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3.5 Data Analysis ............................................................................................
40
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Fact Finding Analysis ...............................................................................
44
4.1.1 The Result of Cycle 1 ..............................................................................
45
4.1.1.1 Planning ..............................................................................................
45
4.1.1.2 Action ..................................................................................................
45
4.1.1.3 Observation .........................................................................................
46
4.1.1.4 Analysis and Reflection ......................................................................
51
4.1.2 The Result of Cycle 2 .............................................................................
52
4.1.2.1 Planning ..............................................................................................
52
4.1.2.2 Action ..................................................................................................
52
4.1.2.3 Observation .........................................................................................
54
4.1.2.4 Analysis and Reflection ......................................................................
58
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Improvement of the Reading Comprehension on the Tenth Grade Students of SMK NASIONAL PATI Taught by using Classwide Peer Tutoring ....................................................................................................
61
5.2 The Activities on the Tenth Grade Students of SMK NASIONAL PATI in Teaching Reading Comprehension Taught by Using Classwide Peer Tutoring ....................................................................................................
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62
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................
65
6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................
67
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................
68
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
72
CURRICULUM VITAE .................................................................................
130
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LIST OF TABLES
Tabel 2.1 The Material of English Teaching for the Tenth Grade Students of SMK Nasional Pati in the First Semester Basic Competence (1.3).. ...............................................................................................
24
Table 3.1 Criteria of Evaluation .....................................................................
43
Table 4.1 The Observation in Cycle 1 ............................................................
47
Table 4.2 Scoring of Students’ Achievement Test in Cycle 1 ........................
49
Table 4.3 The Observation in Cycle 2 ............................................................
54
Table 4.4 Scoring of Students’ Achievement Test in Cycle 2 ........................
56
Table 4.5 The Recapitulation Data Related to Students’ Score ......................
60
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1. Cylical AR Model Based on Kemmis and McTaggart (1988) ....
31
Figure 4.1. Diagram of Interpretation Data .....................................................
60
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Syllabus for Teaching English of Tenth Grade of SMK Nasional Pati in First Semester ........................................................................
72
Appendix 2 Lesson Improvement Plan Cycle 1 ..............................................
73
Appendix 3 Material in Cycle 1 ......................................................................
78
Appendix 4 Students’ Worksheet in Cycle 1 ..................................................
81
Appendix 5 The Result of Observation in Cycle 1 .........................................
83
Appendix 6 Documentation of activities in Cycle 1 .......................................
93
Appendix 7 Achievement Test Structure Cycle 1 ...........................................
94
Appendix 8 Achievement Test Cycle 1 ..........................................................
95
Appendix 9 The Lay-Out of Answer Sheet ....................................................
100
Appendix 10 Lesson Improvement Plan Cycle 2 ............................................
101
Appendix 11 Material in Cycle 2 ....................................................................
106
Appendix 12 Students’ Worksheet in Cycle 2 ................................................
109
Appendix 13 The Result of Observation in Cycle 2 .......................................
111
Appendix 14 Documentation of activities in Cycle 2 .....................................
121
Appendix 15 Achievement Test Structure Cycle 2 .........................................
122
Appendix 16 Achievement Test Cycle 2 ........................................................
123
Appendix 17 The Lay-Out of Points Reward Sheet .......................................
130
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LIST OF COMPLEMENTS
1. List of Abbreviations 2. List of Students’ Teams and Partner 3. List of Students’ Points Reward 4. List of Students’ Attendance 5. List of Students’ Score 6. Students’ Work Samples of Test 7. Standard Score of English Subject in SMK Nasional Pati. 8. Statement Letter of Conducting A Research from SMK Nasional Pati 9. Request Letter of Conducting A Research from Muria Kudus University 10. Copy of Consultation Sheet in Writing Skripsi 11. Statement of Finishing Guidance 12. Statement of Skripsi Ownership
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