Bobongko sentence list (Central Sulawesi, Indonesia) collected and transcribed by David Mead
2013 Sulang Language Data and Working Papers: Phrase and Sentence Lists, no. 1
Sulawesi Language Alliance http://sulang.org/
SulangSent001-v1
LANGUAGES Subject language : Bobongko Language of materials : Bobongko, Indonesian, English
DESCRIPTION This data set comprises 275 Bobongko sentences elicited for grammatical analysis, using the ‘Sulawesi Sentence List’ instrument prepared by Timothy Friberg.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction; A. Transitivity and definite/indefinite object; B. Actor focus versus goal focus; C. Location (including locative focus); D. Questions; E. Relative clauses; F. Verbs of saying and knowing; G. Giving and other three-place predicates; H. Auxiliaries: must, want, can, may; I. Temporal modifications; J. Negation; K. Imperatives; L. Topic-comment, states and existentials; M. Ergativity; N. Basic categories of derived verbs; O. Comparatives; P. Conjunctions; Q. Noun phrases; R. Deixis; S. Supplementary sentences; References.
VERSION HISTORY Version 1 [25 May 2013] Data originally collected January 2001; keyboarded and formatted for publication May 2013.
This material is released to the Public Domain.
Bobongko sentence list (Central Sulawesi, Indonesia) data collected and transcribed by David Mead, January 2001
Introduction This data set, comprising 275 Bobongko sentences elicited for grammatical analysis, was collected over the course of six days in January 2001 in Lembanato village (0° 20' 22" S, 121° 56' 53" E). This village is located on Kilat Bay on the north side of Togian Island in the Togian Archipelago of the Gulf of Tomini. Administratively this island chain is part of the Tojo Una-Una Regency of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. These data, along with an extensive word list and a recorded and transcribed text, formed the basis of a grammar sketch of Bobongko which was published later that year (Mead 2001). Because the Bobongko language remains largely undocumented to this day, it seemed best to make more of the primary data available. In these data, orthographic apostrophe <'> is used to indicate glottal stop,
a bilabial fricative, a palatal nasal, <j> a palatal affricate, and a velar nasal; <e> is a mid front vowel, not schwa (as it often is in Indonesian). Because of the brief and preliminary nature of the survey, the following data contain a number of inconsistencies in transcription, and any person who would make use of these data should bear this in mind. Known inconsistencies include: indication (or lack thereof) of word-initial and word-final glottal stops; geminate vowels written as a single vowel; and inconsistencies in making orthographic word breaks. These notwithstanding, I present the data as it was originally transcribed, rather than attempt to harmonize it without access to native speaker input. The instrument used to collect the following Bobongko data was the ‘Sulawesi Sentence List’ by Timothy Friberg. Sentence numbering follows the original.1 Note that when sentences have an ‘a’ and ‘b’ notation—as in A01a, A02b, A03a, A04b—this means that the sentences are to be understood as a simulated conversation between two speakers, ‘a’ and ‘b’. I present the data using standard format markers (sometimes called ‘backslash codes’), where \rf is the sentence number, \xv is the vernacular (viz. Bobongko) response, \xe is the English translation, and \xn is the national (viz. Indonesian) language translation. If a sentence elicited more than one response, this is indicated by separating the responses with a forward slash ( / ). Some sentences were not elicited, indicated by dash ( — ) in the response line.
1
Except for section S, which is for unspecified additional data. Where appropriate, I have sometimes split an original, single elicitation sentence into separate responses, indicated by /a and /b, e.g. SSL-A17b/a and SSL-A17b/b.
2
A. Transitivity and definite/indefinite object \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A01a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A02b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A03a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A04b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A05a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A06b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A07b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A08a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A09b
Olo anu binaum? Apa yang kau kerjakan / Kamu sedang meng(apa)? What are you doing?
Aku mongkaan. Aku makan. I'm eating.
Oko olo anu kinaanum? Kamu makan apa? What are you eating?
Aku mongkaan lampi'. Aku makan pisang. I'm eating bananas.
Kokuon mian nongkaan dugian iruka narutu? Apakah ada orang yang makan durian di sini tadi? Was someone eating durian here earlier?
Aku mba' mongkaan dugian, aku ungka nongkaan lampi'. Aku tidak makan durian, aku cuma makan pisang. I wasn't eating durian, I was just eating bananas.
Alialium nongkaan dugian narutu. Adikmu yang makan durian tadi. Your younger sibling was eating durian earlier.
Ta'iamo lampiku iruka narutu? Di mana pisangku yang di sini tadi? Where are my bananas that were here earlier?
Kinaankumo. Aku (telah) makan. / Aku makan tadi. I already ate.
3 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A10b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A11a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A12b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A13b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A14a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A15b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A16a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A17b/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A17b/b
Kinaankumo lampi'um narutu. Aku makan pisangmu itu. I ate your bananas / those bananas of yours.
Nosiaamo dugianku? Nuna'ku dalom karanji taio. Bagaimana durianku? Aku taruh dalam keranjang itu. How about my durian? I put them in that basket.
Aku mba' nompia dugianum. Aku tidak melihat (durianmu). I didn't see them / your durian.
Paungka alialium nongkaan narutu. Mungkin adikmu yang makan tadi. Maybe your younger sibling ate them.
Oko nopalaong olo nabongi? Kamu mengerjakan apa kemarin? What did you do yesterday?
Aku nompokopianakon toribumbungum. Aku memperbaiki pondokmu. I fixed / repaired your hut.
Ka'a ikapala momposaikita mompokopian balanto. Tetapi kepala desa menyuruh kita memperbaiki pagar kita. But the village chief ordered us to fix our fences.
Antaio kupokopianje dada pi'i. Itu sudah saya perbaiki kemarin dulu. I fixed it two days ago.
Taio pinokopiankumo nabongi samparu. Itu akan saya perbaiki besok. I'll fix it tomorrow.
4 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A18a
Aku nompia mian usa'usatnyo norukamai. (Dua orang duduk menunggu teman; yang satu berkata:) Aku melihat seseorang menuju / berjalan ke sini. (Two peole sit waiting for their friend; one says:) I see a person coming / walking this way.
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A19b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-A20a
B.
Actor focus versus goal focus
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B01a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B02b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B03a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B04b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B05a
Akuasi nompia, bai misa' sangalunto. Aku juga melihatnya, tetapi dia bukan teman kita. I see him too, but it is not our friend.
Taio ia nontokamo mai. Itu dia. Dia datang sekarang. There! He's coming now.
Ire anu nongkaan lampiku? Siapa yang makan pisangku? Who ate my bananas?
Misa' aku anu nongkaan lampi'um; alialingku nongkaan. Bukan aku yang makan pisangmu, adikku yang makan. It wasn't I who ate your bananas], it was my younger sibling who ate them.
Misa' gugulangum anu nongkaan lampiku? Bukan kakakmu yang makan pisangku? Did your older sibling eat my bananas?
Misa' gugulangum anu nongkaan lampi'um, ungka alialingku. Bukan kakakku yang makan pisangmu, melainkan adikku (yang makannya). It wasn't my older sibling who ate your bananas, rather it was my younger sibling (who ate them).
Lampi ia anu kinaanum narutu? Pisang yang mana kau makan tadi? Which bananas did you eat?
5 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B06b/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B06b/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-B07b
Aku nongkaan lampi'um. Aku makan pisangmu. I ate your bananas.
Lampi'um anu kinaanku. Pisangmu yang aku makan. It was your bananas that I ate.
Misa' dugianum anu kinaanku, ungka lampi'um. Bukan durianmu yang aku makan, pisangmu (yang aku makan). It wasn't your durian I ate, it was your bananas (I ate).
C. Location (including locative focus) \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C01
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C02
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C04a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C05b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C06a
Aku nontoka kangai Ampana nabongi. [kangai < kaang+ngai+i] Aku datang dari Masamba kemarin. I came from Masamba yesterday.
Aku nontoka i Palu saminggu lafodako, taje nompolaus i Poso. Aku tiba di Palu minggu lalu, lalu pergi ke Poso. I arrived in Palu last week and then went to Poso.
Aku nale' i gianan ualialingku piripiri. Aku tidur di rumah adikku tadi malam. I slept at my young sibling's house last night.
I dabuolot i jalan, kokuon ajaran nate. Di tengah jalan ada kuda mati. (atau: ada tanah longsor) There was a dead horse on the path. (or: a landslide)
Gondong um nompia ajaran taa, olo (anu) binaum? [binaum < bau+um] Waktu kamu melihat kuda itu, apa yang kamu kerjakan? When you saw the dead horse, what did you do?
Ungka' ilafodanku mako. [alternate transcription: ilahoodangku] Kulewati. / Kulewati saja kuda itu. I went around it. / I went around the horse.
6 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C07
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C08
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C09a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C10b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C11
\rf \xv
SSL-C12
\xn
Kebunku yang baru akan aku tanami jagung yang dari Australia; kebunku yang lama aku tanami jagung biasa. My new field I will plant in Australian corn; my old field I will plant in regular corn.
\xe
Ia ninsoop i gianan uwalialingku. Dia masuk dalam rumah adikku. He entered my younger sibling's house.
Ia nompinsoop gianan uwalialingku. Dia memasuki rumah adikku. He entered my younger sibling's house.
Gianan ia anu pininsoopnyo narutu? Rumah yang mana yang dimasuki(nya) tadi? Which house did he enter?
Gianan uwalialingku anu pininsoopanyo. Rumah adikku yang dimasukinya. It was my younger sibling's house that he entered.
Binte ka'a kita mai Australia. Kutugal dalom u'inautu anu bagu. Jagung ini dari Australia; aku akan tanam dalam kebunku yang baru. This corn is from Australia; I will plant it in my new field.
Inautu anu bagu kutugali binte kita'mai Australi; inautu anu manau kutugali binte koyo.
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C13
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C14
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-C15
Nabongi aku notugal binte'; osoangku notugal bogor. Kemarin aku menanam jagung, (dan) isteriku menanam ubi. Yesterday I planted corn, (and) my wife planted ubi.
Anakku nale ikita. Anakku tidur di sana. My child is sleeping over there.
Ampas anu kinamale'anyo maremu, mosia pinisouanyo. Tikar yang ditidurinya itu kotor, karena dikencinginya. The mat he's lying on is dirty, because he urinated on it.
7
D. Questions \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D01
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D02
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D04
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D05
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D06
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D07
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D08
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D09
Iree sanggoruwalialium? Siapa nama adikmu? What is your younger sibling's name?
Ia kaparangku? Di mana parangku? Where is my machete?
Oko mako iaa? Kamu pergi ke mana? Where are you going?
Oko nontoka ko'iamai? Kamu datang dari mana? Where are you coming from?
Naikuka oko nontoka iruka i lipu ka'a? Kapan kamu tiba di kampung ini? When did you arrive in this village?
Torikuka oko mako i pasar? Kapan anda akan pergi ke pasar? When will you go to the market?
Sangkuka sapi anu okolotung? Berapa ekor sapi yang kau sembeli / bunuh? How many cows did you kill?
Sangkuka kau' pondora' anu irakopung? Berapa ekor ikan yang kau tangkap? How many fish did you catch?
Sangkuka mian anu otiangum? Berapa orang yang kau panggil / undang? How many people did you invite?
8 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D10
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D11
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D12
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D13
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D14a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D15b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D16a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D17
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D18
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D19
Sangkuka nonsu anu obaum? Berapa (buah) lesung yang kau buat? How many mortars di you make?
Sangkuka taluinyo baako taio? Berapa harganya baju inu? How much did this shirt cost?
Baikade ialialium nako i botaknyo narutu? Mengapa adikmu pergi ke sungai tadi? Why did your sibling go to the river earlier?
Baikade oko nako i botaknyo narutu! Kenapa kau pergi ke sungai tadi! (untuk menegur) What did you go to the river for! (said to scold / rebuke)
Aku mako i pangale. Aku akan ke hutan. I'm going to the jungle.
Baikade oko bo mako i pangale? Mengapa? Kenapa kamu ke hutan? Why? Why are you going to the jungle?
Aku gele' mobolos kaparaum. Aku mau meminjam / memakai parangmu. I want to borrow / use your machete.
Obau olo? Untuk (maksud) apa? Why? / For what purpose?
Anta' mosiaa anu oko piaium? Juku'u manuk atau juku'usapi? Yang mana yang kamu sukai? Daging ayam atau daging sapi? Which do you like / prefer? Chicken or beef?
Anta'iaa a'alaum, anu bagu apa anu natingo? Yang mana yang kau ambil? Yang baru atau yang lama? Which one did you take? The old one or the new one?
9 \rf \xv \xn
\xe
SSL-D20
— Aku mau ambil yang mana? Yang lama atau yang baru?
Which one shall I take? The old one or the new one?
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D21
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D22
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-D23
E.
Relative clauses
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E01
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E02
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E04
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E05
Mba'oo kokuon gura'miu? Apakah kamu ada gula? Do you have any sugar?
Oko mba' nodu'ol? Apakah kamu sakit? Are you sick?
Kokuon bintana 'uas iruka? Apakah ada ular sawah di sini? Are there (any) pythons here?
Mian nompatei sapi'um nopalaimo. Orang yang membunuh sapimu sudah lari. The person who killed your cow ran away.
Aku nompi mian nompatei sapi'um taio narutu. Aku melihat orang yang membunuh sapimu itu. I saw the person who killed your cow.
Ala sura' ka'a, boakon beleno mian anu nompatei sapi'ku. Ambil surat ini, bawa kepada orang yang membunuh sapiku. Take this letter and carry / take it to the person who killed my cow.
Pu'unnu kopi anu tinogalu to'u i lafod mba' pe'e dinaka'. Pohon kopi yang aku tanam tahun lalu belum besar. The coffee trees I planted last year are not big yet.
Lampi' anu tinogalum to'u i lafod dinaka'mo. Pisang yang kamu tanam tahun lalu sudah besar. The Bananas you planted last year are already big.
10 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E06
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E07
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E08
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E09
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E10
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E11
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E12
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-E13
F.
Verbs of saying and knowing
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F01a
Alialingku nontaa pu'unnu kopi anu tinogalu. Adikku menebang pohon kopi yang aku tanam. My younger sibling chopped down the coffee tree that I planted.
Kokuon oko nongkaan lampi' anu inuna'ku iruka? Apakah kamu makan pisang yang aku taruh di sini? Did you eat the bananas I put here earlier?
Bako' anu tinaiakonum belengku nobeako. Baju yang kamu jahit buat aku sudah robek. The shirt that you sewed for me is torn.
Aku mompia foto anu pinopiaum belengku nabongi. Aku mau melihat foto yang kamu perlihatkan kepadaku kemarin. I want to see the picture you showed (to) me yesterday.
Ampas anu kinamale'anum taio maremu. Tikar yang kau tiduri itu kotor. The mat you are lying on is dirty.
Kataa' inaut anu tinugalanku belenu binte. [kataa' < ka'a+taa'] Inilah ladang yang aku tanami dengan jagung. This is the field I planted with corn.
Kapara anu pinake nompatei sapi'ku malanit tutu'u. Parang yang digunakan untuk membunuh sapiku tajam sekali. The machete used to kill my cow is very sharp.
Mian anu kukamakoi mba' kokuon i gianan. Orang yang hendak aku kunjungi tidak ada di rumah. The person I planned to visit is not at home.
Olo anu tinutulakonnyo beleum? Apa yang dikatakannya kepadamu? What did he say to you?
11 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F02b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F03b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F04a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F05b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F06
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F07
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F08
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F09
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F10
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F11
Ia nontutulakon belengku konnyo sapi'ku nodu'ol. Dia mengatakan kepadaku bahwa sapiku sakit. He said to me that my cow is sick.
Ia nontutulakon belengku sapi'ku gele'mo mate. Dia mengatakan kepadaku bahwa sapiku hampir mau mati. He said to me that my cow is almost dead / is about to die.
Olo anu tinutulakonum belenyo? Apa yang kau katakan kepadanya? What did you say to him?
Konku sapi' taio kana' okolot. Aku berkata bahwa sapi itu harus kita sembeli. I said that we must slaughter that cow.
Aku mba' noto'ianku ia kaparangku. Aku tidak tahu di mana parangku. I don't know where my machete is.
Iree mian taita? Aku mba' noto'iyanku sanggornyo. Siapa orang itu di sana? Aku tidak tahu namanya. Who is that person over there? I don't know his name.
Aku mba' noto'iyanku ia montoka boi mba'. Aku tidak tahu apakah dia akan datang atau tidak. I don't know if he is coming or not.
Torikuka oko montoka? Aku mba' noto'iyanku pa'oko nontokamo. Kapan kamu tiba? Aku tidak tahu bahwa kamu sudah tiba. When did you arrive? I didn't know that you had arrived.
— Aku tahu bahwa kamu akan datang, tetapi aku tidak tahu bahwa kamu sudah tiba. I knew you were coming, but I didn't know you had (already) arrived.
— Aku tidak tahu bahwa kamu menyembelih / membunuh sapimu. I didn't know that you had slaughtered your cow.
12 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-F12
— Aku tahu bahwa sapimu itu sakit tetapi aku tidak tahu bahwa kamu telah menyembelihnya / membunuhnya. I knew your cow was sick, but I didn't know you had slaughtered / killed it.
G. Giving and other three-place predicates \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G01a
\rf \xv
SSL-G02b
\xn \xe
Parangmu aku berikan kepada adikmu, talimu aku berikan kepada anakku. I gave your machete to your younger sibling, I gave your rope to my child.
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G03a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G04b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G05a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G06b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G07a
Ia kaparangku sagara randangku? Di mana parangku dan taliku? Where are my machete and my rope?
Kaparaum bine'akonku benu alialium. Randangum bine'akonku benu 'anakku.
Iree anu pinombe'akonanum kaparangku? Siapa yang kau beri parangku? Who did you give my machete to?
Alialium anu pinombe'akonanku kaparaum. Adikmulah yang aku beri parangmu. It was your younger sibling I gave your machete to.
Olo anu bineakonum benu 'anakum? Apa yang kau berikan kepada anakmu? What did you give to your child?
Randangum anu bineku benu 'anakku. Talimu yang aku berikan kepada anakku. It was your rope I gave my child. (focus on object)
Iree anu nombe'akon randang taio beleum? Siapa yang memberikan tali itu kepadamu? / Siapa yang memberikan kamu tali itu? Who gave that rope to you? / Who gave you rope?
13 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G08b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G09
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G10
\rf \xv \xn
SSL-G11
\xe
Papangku nombeakon randang taio belengku. Ayahku yang memberikan tali ini kepadaku. / Ayahku yang memberi aku tali ini. My father (is the one who) gave this rope to me. My father (is the one who) gave me this rope.
Pino'una'ku bukungku iruka. Ne'e be'akon benu mian. Aku taruh bukuku di sini. jangan diberikan (kepada siapapun). I'm putting my book here. Don't give it (to anyone).
Aku mompala'i anakku iruka. Ne'e obe'i oloolo. Aku meninggalkan anakku di sini. Jangan berikan apa-apa kepadanya. I am leaving my child here. Don't give him anything!
Ia nompopia belengku bukunyo anu bagu. Dia memperlihatkan saya bukunya yang baru. / Dia memperlihatkan bukunya yang baru kepada saya. He showed me his new book. / He showed his new book to me.
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G12
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G13
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G14
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G15
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G16
Misa' buku anu monau, buku anu bagu pinopianyo belengku. Bukan buku yang lama, buku yang baru yang diperlihatkan kepada aku. It wasn't his old book, it was his new one he showed (to) me.
Ia nompotalui kopi belengku. Dia menjual kopi kepada aku. He sold me some coffee. / He sold some coffee to me.
Aku notalui kopi kio'mai belenyo. Aku membeli kopi dari dia. I bought coffee from him.
Aku kuto'i sanggorum. Osoangku nomposolomakon belengku sanggorum. Aku ingat namamu. Isteriku memperingatkan saya mengenai namamu. I remember your name. My wife reminded me of your name.
Turungi aku momboakon buku ka'a. Tolonglah aku membawa buku-buku ini. Please carry these books for me.
14 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G17
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G18
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-G19
Binte taio maboat tutu'u belengku. Alialingku momboakon. Jagung itu terlalu berat bagiku, (jadi) adikku membawanya (untuk saya). The corn was too heavy for me, so my younger sibling carried it (for me).
Anakku nombasaakon sura' taio belengku. Anakku yang membacakan surat itu untuk saya. My son read the letter for me.
Turungi piakon pe'e anakku modu'ol malada'. Tolong menengok anakku untuk saya. Dia sakit parah. Look at my son for me. He is very sick.
H. Auxiliaries: must, want, can, may \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H01a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H02b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H03a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H04b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H05b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H06b
Ka'ide paku sagara gura' anu pinogele'u papaum. Boamo minsule'. Inilah paku dan gula yang diminta ayahmu. Bawalah pulang! Here are the nails and sugar your father requested. Take them home!
Pakunyo aku je momboa kaka'a, aku mba' momboakon gura'. Pakunya aku bawa sekarang, tetapi aku tidak membawa gulanya. I'll take the nails now, but I won't take the sugar.
Gura' taio kuboaje minggu isaru. Gula itu aku bawa minggu depan. I'll (just) take the sugar next week.
— Paku itu bisa aku bawa, tetapi gula tidak bisa aku bawa. I can take the nails, but I cannot take the sugar.
— Paku itu boleh aku bawa, tetapi gula tidak boleh aku bawa. I may take the nails, but I am not allowed to take the sugar.
— Paku harus aku bawa, tetapi gula tidak usah aku bawa. I must take the nails, but I don't have to take the sugar.
15 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H07b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H08a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H09b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H10b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H11a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H12b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H13/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H13/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H14/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-H14/b
— Paku mau aku bawa, tetapi gula tidak mau aku bawa. I want to take the nails, but I don't want to take the sugar.
Oko rera nongkuka? Kamu sedang apa? What are you doing?
Aku kinumabut. Aku lari. I'm running.
Aku kumabut donga taa' mba' ma'efe. Aku harus lari supaya tidak terlambat. I must run so I won't be late.
Oko ne'emo kumabut. Kamu tidak usah lari. You don't have to run.
Aku mba' moko'ala kumabut ojo'on. Aku tidak bisa / sanggup lari jauh. I cannot / am not able to run far.
Aku gele' kumabut. Aku suka lari. I like to run.
Aku mba' gele' kumabut. Aku tidak suka lari. I don't like to run.
Aku gele' kumabut. Aku mau lari. I want to run.
Aku mba' gele' kumabut. Aku tidak mau lari. I don't want to run.
16
I.
Temporal modifications
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I01a/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I01a/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I02b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I03b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I04b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I05b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I06b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I07b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I08b
Kokuon alialium i gianan? Apakah ada adikmu di rumah? Is your sibling at home?
Kokuon alialium iruka? Apakah ada adikmu di sini? Is your sibling here?
Kokuon. Ia kokuon iruka. Ada. / Dia ada di sini. Yes. / He is here.
Mba'oo. Mba'oo kokuon. Tidak ada. / Dia tidak ada di sini. No. / He isn't here.
Ia dongkolo kokuon iruka. Dia masih ada di sini. He's still here.
Ia mba'oomo kokuon iruka. Dia tidak ada di sini lagi. He isn't here any more.
Ia nakomo. Dia sudah berangkat. He already left.
Ia salasalaje nako. Dia baru berangkat. He just left.
Ia ungka'je gele' mako. Dia baru mau berangkat. He's just about to leave.
17 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I09b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I10b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I11b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I12
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I13a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I14b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I15b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I16a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I17b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I18b
Ia mba' pe'e nako. Dia belum berangkat. He hasn't left yet.
Ia mba' kinojojong iruka. Dia tidak tinggal di sini. He doesn't live here any more.
Ia mba' toro montoka iruka. Dia tidak pernah datang di sini. He has never come here.
Aku mba' pe'e toro minsoop i gianan taio. Aku belum pernah masuk rumah itu. I have never (yet) entered that house.
Pia anak taio. Olo anu binaunyo? Lihat anak itu. Apa yang dilakukannya? Look at the child. What is he doing?
Ia naraik paki'. Dia main gasing. He's playing tops.
Ia naraik paki' mule'. Dia main gasing lagi. He's playing tops again.
Sangalunyo naraik paki' asi'. Temannya main gasing juga. His friend is playing tops too.
Ia dangko naraik paki'. Dia masih main gasing. He's still playing tops.
Ia mengka' maraik paki' sasamba'an dolag. Dia selalu main gasing sepanjang hari. He always plays tops all day long.
18 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-I19b
J.
Negation
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J01/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J01/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J02/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J02/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J03/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J03/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J04/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J04/b
Aku montefa ia maraik paki', bai' ia kana maraik. Aku melarang dia main gasing, tetapi dia tetap main. I forbid him to play tops, but he plays anyway.
Giananku daka. Rumahku besar. My house is big.
Giananku mba' daka'. Rumahku tidak besar. My house is not big.
Ia nindii narutu. Dia mandi tadi. He bathed.
Ia mba' nindii narutu. Dia tidak mandi tadi. He didn't bathe.
Aku mako i naut. Aku pergi ke kebun. I am going to the garden.
Aku mba' mako i naut. Aku tidak pergi ke kebun. I am not going to the garden.
Aku nompai oko. Aku melihat kamu. I see you.
Aku mba' nompia oko. Aku tidak melihat kamu. I don't see you.
19 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J05/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J05/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J06/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J06/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J07/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J07/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J08/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J08/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J09
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J10
Aku mongotoi monggingguli Bugis. Aku tahu berbahasa Bugis. I know how to speak Bugis.
Aku mba' mongotoi monggingguli Bugis. Aku tidak tahu berbahasa Bugis. I don't know how to speak Bugis.
Ia otoinyo iaa giananku. Dia tahu di mana rumahku. He knows where My house is.
Ia mba' otoinyo iaa giananku. Dia tidak tahu di mana rumahku. He doesn't know where my house is.
Taio giananku. Itu rumahku. That is my house.
Taio misa' giananku. Itu bukan rumahku. That is not my house.
Aku miannu Amerika. Aku orang Amerika. I am an American.
Aku misa' miannu Amerika. Aku bukan orang Amerika. I am not an American.
Aku rera mindii. Aku sedang mandi. I am (in the process of ) bathing.
Aku mba' nindii. Aku tidak mandi. I am not bathing.
20 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J11
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J12
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J13/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-J13/b
Aku mba' pe'e mindii. Aku belum mandi. I have not yet bathed.
Aku mba' pe'e mindii mule'. Aku tidak mandi lagi. I am not bathing any more.
Aku mba' nongkaan dugian. Saya tidak makan durian. I didn't eat durian.
Aku mba' mongkaan dugian. Saya tidak makan durian. I don't eat durian.
K. Imperatives \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K01
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K02
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K04
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K05
Mbo'o iruka. Mari sini! Come here!
Ne'e mairuka. Jangan datang di sini! Don't come here!
Ne'e matakut. Janganlah takut. Don't be afraid.
Intamo' kio'mako i gianannu alialingku. Pergilah ke rumah adikku! Go to my younger sibling's house!
Piakon sapi'ku taita. Rakoje segot kopikopian, patei bokolot. Lihat(lah), sapiku di sana. Tangkaplah, ikat baik-baik dan bunuh / sembelihlah! Look, my cow is over there. Catch it, tie it up well and kill / slaughter it!
21 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K06
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K07
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K08
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K09
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K10
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K11
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K12/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K12/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K13
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K14a
Ka ide piso'ku, be'akon belenu alialingku. Inilah pisauku. Berikanlah kepada adikku. Here is my knife. Give it to my younger sibling.
Intamo' be'akon belenyo. Pergilah, berikan (pisau ini) kepadanya. Go give it (this knife) to him.
Taio lampi'ku. Ne'e okaan. Itu pisangku. Jangan dimakan! Those are my bananas. Don't eat them!
Turungi pe'e aku. Tolonglah saya! Please help me!
Bingkal pe'eaku. Sangkeleng pe'eaku. Angkat saya! Gendong saya! Pick me up! Carry me!
Boakon pe'e sura' ka'a, be'akonje belenu guru. Bawakan surat ini dan berikanlah kepada guru. Take / carry this letter (for me) and give it to the teacher.
Patei ia! Bunuhlah dia! Kill him!
Ne'e patei ia. Janganlah bunuh dia! Don't kill him!
Mbo'o kita mako i gianannu alialingku. Mari kita ke rumah adikku! Let's go to my younger sibling's house!
Mbo'o kita mongkaan. Mari kita makan! Let's eat!
22 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K15b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K16a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K17b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K18
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K19
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-K20
L.
Topic-comment, states and existentials
\rf \xv
SSL-L01
\xn
Saya lahir di Masamba. Ibuku masih hidup, (tetapi) ayahku sudah meninggal. Isteriku dari Manado. Kami mempunyai lima anak. Dua laki-laki, tiga perempuan. I was born in Masamba. My mother is still living, but my father is dead. My wife is from Manado. We have five children. Two are boys, three are girls.
\xe
\rf \xv \xn \xe
Nepe'e kita mongkaan. Kita mompepeia'i pe'e sangalu. Jangan dulu kita makan. Kita tunggu teman dulu. Let's not eat right now. Let's wait for our friend.
Ka'ide kukis. Mbo'o kita mongkaan. Inilah kue. Ayo kita makan! Here are some cookies. Let's eat them!
— Jangan dulu kita makan (kue itu). (Mungkin beracun.) Let's not eat them (the cookies). (They may be poisoned.)
Ne'e patei 'ara taio. Be'i naifo' ara anuokaan. Jangan bunuh mereka. Berikanlah mereka makanan, kasihan. Don't kill them. Give them some food, poor thing(s).
Ne'e patei kami. Be'i kami naifo' anuokaan. Jangan bunuh kami. Berikanlah kami makan, kasihan. Don't kill us(ex), poor us. Give us food.
Ne'e oko matakut naifo'. Jangan kamu takut, kasihan. Don't you be afraid, you poor thing.
Aku pinonganak i Masamba. Tinangku dangko' tumuu. Mama'ku matemo. Osoangku kio'mai Manado. Kami nokotoka anak olima, doluo mo'ane, totolu boune.
SSL-L02
Alialingku boune. Adikku perempuan. My younger sibling is a girl.
23 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L04
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L05
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L06/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L06/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L07a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-L08b
Osoanyo guru kio'i Masamba. Suaminya guru di Masamba. Her husband is a teacher in Masamba.
Alialingku matayong. Bako'nyo molalag. Ubaknyo, mantan tutu'u. Adikku tinggi. Bajunya kuning. Rambutnya panjang sekali. My younger sister is tall. Her dress is yellow. Her hair is very long.
Alialingku mba' penako, mosiaa dangko' ko'ujan. Adikku berangkat karena sedang hujan. My younger sister hasn't left yet because it is raining.
Alialingku pande. Adikku pintar. My younger sister is smart.
Alialingku lolong. Adikku tidak pintar. My younger sister is not smart.
Pobulamo, dolag naligafano. [citation form: maligafan] Bangunlah, hari sudah terang! Get up, it's already light!
Mba', dangko' morikoyom. Tidak, masih gelap. No, it's still dark.
M. Ergativity \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M01/a
Aku manilinggin. / Ia manilinggin. / Oko manilinggin. Aku berbaring. / Dia berbaring. / kamu berbaring. I am lying down. / He is lying down. / You are are lying down.
24 \rf \xv
SSL-M01/b
\xn \xe
Kami berbaring. / Kita berbaring. / Kalian berbaring. / Mereka berbaring. We (excl) are lying down. / We (incl) are lying down. / You (pl) are are lying down. / They are lying down.
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M02/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M02/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M02/c
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M04a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M05b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M06b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M07b
Kami manilinggin. / Kita manilinggin. / Komiu manilinggin. / Ara manilinggin.
Aku mombobali oko! / Kubobali oko! Aku memukul kamu. I will hit you. (threatening)
Oko kubobali. Aku memukul kamu. I hit you.
Oko mombobali aku. / Aku obobalium. Kamu memukul aku. You hit me.
— Aku memukul dia. / Dia memukul aku. I hit him. / He hit me.
— Di mana adikmu? Where is your younger sibling?
— Dia mandi. He's bathing.
— Dia tidak mandi lagi. He is no longer bathing.
— Aku tidak lihat dia lagi. I don't see him any more.
25 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M08b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-M09b
— Dia belum tiba. He hasn't arrived yet.
— Aku belum menemuinya. I haven't met him yet.
N. Basic categories of derived verbs \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N01/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N01/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N02
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N03
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N04
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N05
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N06
kau – molio kau kayu – mencari kayu wood – look for wood
anaknyo – molioi anaknyo anaknya – mencari anaknya his child – look for his child
anak – monganak – nokotoka 'anak anak – beranak – mempunyai anak child – to give birth – to have children
sapatu – nisapatu sepatu -- bersepatu shoes – to have / wear shoes
asu' – mombebas benu 'asu anjing – berburu dengan anjing dog – to hunt with dogs
osoa – mo'osoa suami – bersuami husband – to be married
remu – maremu lumpur – berlumpur mud – to be muddy
26 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N07
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N08/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N08/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N09/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N09/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N10
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N11
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N12
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N13
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N14
loog – kokuon loog – boo loogon semut – ada semut – bersemut ant – there are ants – to be anty
Ara monsangka. Mereka saling menuduh. They are accusing each other.
Ara mombobali. Mereka pukul-memukul. The are hitting each other.
Mbo'o kita molilioan kutu. Mari kita saling mencari kutu. Let's pick lice off each other.
Kita ningkoto nolilioan kutu. Kita sudah saling mencari kutu. We've picked lice off each other.
Ia mompatei butongnyo. Dia membunuh diri. He killed himself.
Ia topopolobiang. Ia mompoko'alui butongnyo tute. Dia tukang sihir. Dia dapat menjadikan diri kucing. He is a sorcerer. He can turn himself into a cat.
Aku monjalot butongku usa'usa'ku. Aku menikam diriku sendiri. I stabbed myself.
Aku mai mogele' turung beleum. Aku datang untuk minta-tolong kepadamu. I have come to request-help of you.
Nongkuka anakung rumaang? Ia mogele' osongkili'. Mengapa anakmu menangis? O, dia hanya minta digendong. Why is your child crying? Oh, he just wants to be carried.
27 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N15/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N15/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N16a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N17b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N18
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N19a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N20b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N21a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N22b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N23a
Aku mogele' osusuk. Aku minta disuntik. I request an injection.
Aku mogele' o'undam. Aku minta diobati. I request to be treated (with medicine).
Adoh, piso'ung nanabu' i dalom 'ue. Aduh! Pisaumu jatuh ke dalam sumur. Oops! Your knife dropped into the well.
Oko nondabu'akon pisoku kio' dalom ue. Kamu menjatuhkan pisauku ke dalam sumur. You (deliberately) dropped [caused to fall] my knife in the well.
Alialingku modu'ol. Olo anu nombau ia nodu'ol? Adikku sakit. Apa yang menjadikannya sakit? My younger sibling is sick. What made him sick?
Aku matakut. Aku takut. I am afraid.
Oko matakuttu olo? Kau takut akan apa? What are you afraid of?
Aku mongkatakut bintana. Aku takut akan ular. I am afraid of snakes.
Olo anu momparatakut oko? Apa yang menakutkan kamu? What frightened you?
Mo'ane taio momparatakut aku. Laki-laki itu menakutkan saya. That man frightened me.
28 \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N24
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N25
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N26
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N27/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N27/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N28/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-N28/b
Lapangan taio mba' daka'. Kana opokodaka'. Lapangan tidak begitu lebar. Harus diperlebar. The field is not very wide. It must be widened.
Aku mba'pe'e nompai buku taio. Turungakon popiakon belengku. Aku belum lihat buku itu. Tolong perlihatkan kepada saya. I haven't seen that book yet. Please show it to me.
— Tadi aku tidak ingat, tetapi isteriku mengingatkan saya. I did not remember a while ago, but my wife reminded me.
Ia mompobaubau migou. Dia pura-pura batuk. He's pretend coughing.
Ia migou sangaja'. Dia batuk dengan sengaja. He's coughing on purpose.
Ia mba' tutu'u modu'ol. Dia tidak betul-betul sakit. He's not really sick.
Ia ungka' mompobaubau modu'ol. Dia pura-pura sakit saja. He's playing sick.
O. Comparatives \rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-O01
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-O02
Giananku lebe daka' bo giananum. Rumahku lebih besar daripada rumahmu. My house is bigger than your house.
Aku lebe kukopiai kopi bo teeng. Aku lebih suka kopi daripada teh. I like coffee more than tea.
29
P.
Conjunctions
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P01a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P02b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P03b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P04
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P05
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P06
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P07/a
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P07/b
\rf \xv \xn \xe
SSL-P08
— Apakah dia pergi memetik kopi? Did he go pick coffee?
— Ya dia pergi. Yes, he did.
— Ia tidak pergi karena hujan. He didn't go because it rained.
— Karena dia tidak pergi memetik kopi, maka banyak yang sudah jatuh ke tanah. Because he didn't go pick his coffee, much of it has already fallen to the ground.
— Dia mau pergi, tetapi tidak jadi karena hujan. He wanted to go but it didn't happen because it rained.
— Ia tidak pergi karena dia tidak mau kerja. He didn't want to go because he doesn't want to work.
Masi' ujan, ia kana mako. Biar hujan, dia masih pergi. Even if it rains, he will go.
Masi' ujan piripiri, ia kana nako nomekan. Biar hujan tadi malam, dia masih pergi memancing. Even though it rained lat night, he still went fishing.
Masi' mama'nyo momposai, ia mba' mako. Walaupun ayahnya menyuruhnya pergi, dia tidak pergi. Even though his father orders him to go, he doesn't go.
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Ia nako nontipu kopinyo, bai kopnyo mba'pe'e nogulang. Ia pergi memetik kopi, tetapi kopinya belum matang. He went to pick coffee but it wasn't ripe yet.
Tinenga harimo, ta'je ia nako nontipu kopi. Sudah tengah hari baru ia pergi memetik kopi. It was already midday before he went to pick coffee.
Pokotolumo mama'nyo nomposai ia nontipu kopi, ta'je ia nako. Sesudah tiga kali ayahnya menyuruh dia pergi memetik kopi, baru dia pergi. Three times his father ordered him to go pick coffee before he finally went.
— Aku berkata kepadanya agar jangan pergi, tetapi dia tetap pergi. I told him not to go, but he went anyway.
— Kalau besok tidak hujan, dia akan pergi memetik kopi. If it doesn't rain tomorrow, he will go pick coffee.
— Kalau dia tidak sakit, dia akan pergi memetik kopi. If he isn't sick, he will go pick coffee.
— Seandainya dia tidak sakit, pasti dia pergi memetik kopi. If he were not sick, he would have gone picking coffee.
— Karena tidak hujan, dia akan pergi memetik kopi. Since it is not raining, he will go pick coffee.
— Aku memberikan selimut ini kepadamu, supaya kamu tidak kedinginan lagi. I'll give you this blanket so that you will not be cold any more.
— Aku tidur di bawah kelambu supaya aku tidak digigit nyamuk. I sleep under a mosquito net so that I won't be bitten by mosquito.
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— Aku tidur di lantai, sehingga punggungku sakit. I slept on the floor, with the result that my back is sore.
Q. Noun phrases \rf \xv \xn \xe
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\xe
— Apakah kamu mempunyai banyak anjing? Do you have many dogs?
— Ya berapa. Dua anjing hitam itu anjingku / kepunyaanku, dan ajing yang besar dan putih di sana kepunyaanku juga. Yes. Those two black dogs are mine, and also the big white dog over there.
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— Ada apa dengan anjing yang putih dan kecil itu yang di bawah kolong? What is wrong with that little white dog under the house?
— Dia takut karena dua (kedua) anjingku yang hitam itu selalu mengganggu dia. It is afraid because my two black dogs always bother it.
R. Deixis (This section of the sentence list instrument not yet developed.)
S.
Supplementary sentences
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Ne'emo monggingguli sumutaio. Jangan lagi berbicara begitu. Don't speak like that any more.
Ia nopalai kio'mai i kampung taio, bai rakoppu polisi kangi Ampana. Dia lari kampung itu, tetapi ditangkap oleh polisi di Ampana. He fled from that village, but he was caught by the police in Ampana.
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Samba'an sapi' anu kinolot belenu nombaroa'. Seekor sapi disembelih untuk/waktu pesta itu. One cow was slaughtered for the festivities.
Anaknyo gele' mokisongkili'. Anaknya suka digendong. His child likes to be carried.
Tiap dumodo sarunu gianan ka'a osaefe. Tiap-tiap pagi, halaman rumah itu disapu. Every morning the house's yard is swept.
Gunsing binoa. Mosia kita minsoop i kantor? Kunci dibawa. Bagaimana kita masuk kantor? The key was taken. How can we get into the office?
Samba'an minggu pe'e, ta'je mara. Satu minggu lagi akan masak. One more week at it will be ripe.
Samba'an minggu pe'e, ta'je mingkot. Satu minggu lagi akan selesai. One more week and it will be over.
Makomo aku [*iyau].. / Aku [*iyau] makomo. Saya sudah mau pergi. I'm ready to go.
Aku [*iyau] minsule'mo. Saya sudah mau pulang. I'm ready to go home.
Binatakonnu ara aku [*iyau]. Mereka buang saya. They threw me out.
Karanji taio pinonguna'anku dugian. Keranjang itu tempat saya simpan durian. That basket is where I placed the durian.
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Saidi'je karanji taio' ku'una'i dugian. Nanti sebentar keranjang itu saya simpan durian. In a little bit that basket I will fill with durian.
Saidi'je karanji taio' o'una'inu 'ara dugian. Nanti sebentar keranjang itu mereka simpan durian. In a little bit that basket they will fill with durian.
Gumbang taio' pinonguna'annu 'ara iyau. Tempayan itu mereka simpani saya kemarin. That water barrel is where they put me yesterday.
Koloto sapi' ka'a belenu kapara anu malanit ka'a. Sembelihlah sapi dengan parang yang tajam ini. Slaughter the cow with this sharp machete.
Sapi' ningkoto kinolot. Ka'amo kapara anu pinongkolottu. Sapi sudah disembelih. Inilah parang yang aku sembelihkannya. The cow has been slaughtered. Here is the machete I slaughtered it with.
Ka'amo kapara anu kupongkolot sapi' ka'a. Inilah parang yang akan saya sembelihkan sapi sebentar. Here is the machete with which I will soon slaughter the cow.
Isii gumang katina'. Isilah tempayan itu. Fill that water jar.
Isii uenu dagat. Isikanlah air laut. Fill it with seawater.
Piripiri kupia bokoti'. Tadi malam saya liaht tikus. I saw a rat last night.
Binobalanku benu kau' bai ia nopalai. Saya pukulnya dengan kayu, tetapi akhirnya ia lari. I hit it with a stick, but it fled.
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Ka'amo taa' kau' pinombobalingku. Inilah kayu yang saya pukulkannya. Here is the stick I hit it with.
Ka'a kau' anu kupombobali boo'ia dangko' montoka mule'. Inilah kayu yang akan saya pukulkannya kalau datang lagi. Here is the stick I will hit it with if it comes again.
Ka'a kau' anu pombobalinyo 'ara. Inilah kayu yang ia akan pukulkan mereka. Here is the stick he will hit them with.
Ka'a kau' anu pomboblinyo aku / iyau. Inilah kayu yang ia akan pukulkan saya. Here is the wood which he will hit me with.
Ka'ataa' randang anu pinonsegotinyo aku narutu. Inilah tali yang dia ikatkan saya tadi. Here is the rope that he tied me with a little while ago.
Segoto 'ara. Segoto 'ara belenu randang anu daka'. Ikatlah mereka. Ikat mereka dengan tali besar. Tie them up. Tie them up with big rope.
Masi' komiu monsegoti aku / iyau randang anu daka, kana ku'ukati. Biar kalian akan ikatkan saya tali besar, meskipun saya uraikan. If even you tie me with big rope, I will still untie it.
Pinobakassumo! Saya sudah lepaskan. I got it free / loose.
Po'una karanji! Pu'una' karanji i polu. Simpanlah keranjang itu. Simpanlah di dapur. Put that basket away. Put it in the kitchen.
Po'una kapara! Po'una' kapara i karanji. Simpanlah parang itu. Simpanlah di keranjang. Put the machete away. Put it in the basket.
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Karanji pino'una'mo i polu. Keranjang sudah disimpan di dapur. The basket has been put away in the kitchen
Aku nompo'una'mo karanji. / Pino'una'kumo karanji. Saya sudah simpan keranjang. I have put the basket away.
Kupo'una'mo karanji. Keranjang sudah akan saya simpan. I'm putting the basket away now.
Una'i aku! / Po'una'i aku! / Po'una'i iyau'! / Po'una'i iyau' dugian. [meaning unclear]
Oto'inyo aku. Dia kenal saya. He knows me.
Ototo'inyo aku. Dia beteul-betul kenal saya. He really knows me.
Kutoto'i ia. Saya kenal dia. I know him.
References Mead, David. 2001. A preliminary sketch of the Bobongko language. Studies in Sulawesi Linguistics, part VII (NUSA Linguistic Studies of Indonesian and Other Languages in Indonesia, 49), edited by Wyn D. Laidig, 61-94. Jakarta: Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. [Reproduced online. URL: http://sealang.net/archives/nusa/pdf/nusa-v49-p61-94.pdf (accessed May 25, 2013).]
