ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Arus Balik Politik Kewargaan A Turning Point of the Politics of Citizenship
ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Hak Cipta © Institute for Research and Empowerment Pertama kali diterbitkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia & Bahasa Inggris oleh Penerbit IRE, Yogyakarta, 2014 Dengan dukungan Programme Knowledge Sector Initiative Institute for Research and Empowerment (IRE) Jl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 9,5 Dusun Tegalarejo RT 01/ RW 09 Desa Sariharjo Phone: 0274-867686, 7482091 e-mail: office @ireyogya.org website: www.ireyogya.org Tim Penyunting: Nurma Fitrianingrum, Sunaji Zamroni, Titok Hariyanto Tim Penulis: Krisdyatmiko, Sunaji Zamroni, Sukasmanto, Titok Hariyanto, Abdur Rozaki, M. Zainal Anwar, Ashari Cahyo Edi, Dina Mariana, Sg. Yulianto, Sunaryo Hadi Wibowo, Rika Sri Wardani, Ema Yulianti, Hesti Rinandari, dan Machmud NA Reviewer: Dr. Suharko Penerjemah: Ika Daru Retnowati Editor : Hendra Nainggolan Desain sampul/layout: Ipank
Hakcipta dilindungi undang-undang Dilarang mengutip atau memperbanyak sebagian atau seluruh isi buku tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit Perpustakaan Nasional: Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT) Annual Report 2014, Cet.1. Yogyakarta: IRE Yogyakarta, 2014 15 x 23 cm ISBN: 978-979-9818-4-9
ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Arus Balik Politik Kewargaan A Turning Point of the Politics of Citizenship
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Daftar ISi
IV
Kata Pengantar .................................................................. Daftar Singkatan ...............................................................
VIII XII
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ....................................................
2
BAB 2 MENYIAPKAN DESA ........................................... DI TAHUN POLITIK .............................................
12 12
BAB 3 DINAMIKA PROGRAM DAN .............................. KEGIATAN KELEMBAGAAN ............................... 3.1. Klaster Pendalaman Demokrasi............................. 3.1.1. Rangkaian Kegiatan Kluster..................................... 3.1.2. Kegiatan Kerja sama IRE dalam Isu Pendalaman Demokrasi ....................................................................... 1 Kerjasama IRE dengan CENTER for LEAD. 2. Kerja sama IRE dan Prorep USAID ................ 3. Riset Komparasi Tatakelola Think Tank di Indonesia dan Amerika Latin ..................... 3.2. Klaster Pembaharuan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan .................................. 3.2.1. Kegiatan Klaster ............................................................ 3.2.2. Kegiatan Kerja Sama IRE dalam Isu Pembaharuan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan ................................................................ 1. Kerjasama IRE dengan Plan International Indonesia ..................................................................
22 22 22 22 30 30 36 44 48 50
58 58
Table of Contents Preface ................................................................................. List of Abbreviations.......................................................
IX XIII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................
3
CHAPTER 2 PREPARING VILLAGES ............................ IN THE YEAR OF POLITICS ...................
13 13
23 23 23 31 31 37 45 49 51 59
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
CHAPTER 3 THE DYNAMICS OF THE PROGRAMS AND THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INSTITUTION .................................... 3.1 Deepening Democracy Cluster ............................... 3.1.1. The Activities of the Cluster..................................... 3.1.2. The Collaborative Projects of IRE on the Deepening Democracy Issues ................................. 1. The Cooperation between IRE and CENTER for LEAD ................................................. 2. The Cooperation between IRE and Prorep USAID .......................................................... 3. Comparative Research on the Think Tank Governance in Indonesia and Latin America 3.2. Governance and Policy Reform Cluster .............. 3.2.1. The Activities of the Cluster..................................... 3.2.2. The Collaborative Projects of IRE on the Governance and Policy Reform Issues ...............
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2. Kerjasama IRE dengan Pemdes Sendangadi untuk Pelatihan Peningkatan Kapasitas Pede Sendangadi .............................. 3. Kerjasama IRE dengan SHAW .......................... 3.3. Klaster Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ...................................................................... 3.3.1. Kegiatan Klaster ............................................................ 3.3.2. Kegiatan Kerja sama IRE dalam isu Community Development and Empowerment ... 1. Kerja sama IRE dengan SKK Migas ................ 2. Kerja sama IRE dengan PT Total E&P Indonessia ................................................................ 3. Kerjasama IRE dengan Knowledge Sector Inisiative (KSI) ......................................... 3.4 Publikasi dan Komunikasi ........................................ a. Perpustakaan .......................................................... b. Magang dan Volunteer ........................................ c. Hibah Buku ..............................................................
90 94 102 104 108
BAB 4 FORUM MITRA IRE ..............................................
118
BAB 5 PENUTUP ..............................................................
126
Lampiran ........................................................................................
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64 67 72 72 80 80 86
CHAPTER 4 A FORUM FOR THE PARTNERS OF IRE
119
CHAPTER 5 CLOSING ......................................................
127
Appendixes ....................................................................................
127
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1. The Cooperation between IRE and Plan International Indonesia...................................... 59 2. The Cooperation between IRE and the Village Government of Sendangadi for the Capacity Building Training in the Village Government of Sendangadi ......................................................... 65 3. The Cooperation between IRE and SHAW . 67 3.3. Community Development and Empowerment Cluster 3.3.1. The Activities of the Cluster 3.3.2 The Collaborative Projects of IRE on the Community Development and Empowerment Issues ................................................. 81 1. The Cooperation between IRE and SKK Migas (Oil and Gas Upstream Business Executive Unit) ................................... 81 2. The Cooperation between IRE and PT Total E&P Indonessia .................................... 87 3. The Cooperation between IRE and Knowledge Sector Inisiative (KSI) ................. 91 3.4. Publication and Communication ........................... 95 a. Library ....................................................................... 103 b. Internship and Volunteer .................................. 105 c. Grant of Books ........................................................ 109
VII
Kata Pengantar Krisdyatmiko, M.Si Direktur Eksekutif
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Tahun 2014 ini IRE telah memasuki dua dasawarsa sebagai bagian dari organisasi masyarakat sipil yang turut berkontribusi dalam mendorong pengelolaan negara yang demokratis yang dilandasi partisipasi aktif warga. Berbagai penelitian, pengorganisasian warga, dan advokasi kebijakan telah dilakukan dalam bingkai tiga klaster yang menjadi fokus kajian: developing democracy, policy and governance reform, serta community development and empowerment.
VIII
Tahun 2014 juga merupakan tahun politik yang ditandai dengan transisi pemerintahan lama yang dipimpin SBY ke pemerintahan baru yang dipimpin Jokowi. Kemenangan Jokowi yang didukung oleh berbagai kelompok organisasi masyarakat sipil yang tergabung dalam relawan Jokowi, membawa sema-
Preface Krisdyatmiko, M.Si Executive Director
It was also as a political year, marked by the transition from SBY to Jokowi’s administration. The victory of Jokowi supported by various civil society groups joining in the volunteer group of Jokowi, bringing a new spirit in realizing more responsive, inclusive and accountable governance for achieving the welfare of citizens. It was also a transition year of
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
In 2014, it had already been two decades for IRE as part of the civil society organizations contributing to encourage democratic state management based on the active participation of citizens. IRE had conducted various studies, organizing citizens, and policy advocacy in the frame of the three clusters to focus on the studies, namely; developing democracy, policy and governance reform, and community development and empowerment.
IX
PDF Compressor Pro Kata Pengantar
ngat baru dalam mewujudkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang lebih responsif, inklusif dan akuntabel bagi pencapaian kesejahteraan warga negara. Tahun ini pula merupakan masa transisi pelaksanaan UU No. 6 Tahun 2014, payung regulasi nasional yang telah bertahun-tahun diperjuangkan IRE untuk mewujudkan desa yang demokratis,mandiri dan sejahtera.
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Apa yang menjadi strategi IRE tetap eksis selama 20 tahun ini? Pertama, terus-menerus mengembangkan pengetahuan yang didukung oleh regerenerasi staf yang senantiasa ditingkatkan kapasitasnya, baik melalui pendidikan formal maupun berbagai forum yang dinisiasi para mitra strategis. Knowledge is power, pengetahuan yang terus diperdalam dan diperkaya menjadi energi yang mendukung substansi maupun operasional lembaga. Kedua, strategi kemitraan kritis membuka peluang untuk bekerjasama dengan berbagai pihak dengan tetap menjaga idealisme untuk membela kepentingan masyarakat sipil. Strategi ini pula yang memperlancar upaya mengaitkan hasil penelitian IRE dengan agenda perumusan kebijakan sehingga berbagai bentuk kebijakan yang dihasilkan dilandasi pada potensi dan kebutuhan warga yang dipetakan melalui penelitian (evidence based policy).
X
Annual Report 2014 ini memaparkan beraneka ragam aktivitas dan refleksi IRE selama satu tahun dengan mengambil tema yang selaras dengan tahun politik “Arus Balik Politik Kewargaan”. Maraknya gerakan masyarakat sipil di tahun ini untuk semakin aktif dalam proses penyelenggaraan negara merupakan pembelajaran yang harus dirawat dan dikembangkan secara berkelanjutan. Warga negara yang aktif ditandai keterlibatan produktif dengan negara, penghormatan warga pada negara dan sebaliknya terjadi penghormatan negara terhadap warga, hingga pada akhirnya menghasilkan negara yang demokratis dan legitimated di hadapan warganya.
Preface
implementation of the Law No. 6/2014, a national umbrella regulation IRE had fought for years to realize democratic, independent and prosperous villages. What kind of strategies did IRE apply to assure its existence for 20 years? First, IRE continually developed the knowledge supported by regeneration of staff whose capacity was constantly improved, either through formal education and various forums initiated by strategic partners. Knowledge is power, the knowledge constantly deepened and enriched will become an energy supporting the substance and works of this institution. Second, the critical partnership strategy opened up opportunities for cooperations with various parties while maintaining the ideals to defend the interests of civil society. This strategy was also streamlining the efforts of associating the research results of IRE with the policy formulation so that the various forms of policy generated based on the potential and needs of the citizens that were mapped through research (evidence based policy).
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
This Annual Report 2014 describes the wide range of activities and reflection of IRE for a year with a theme consistent to the political year “A Turning Point of the Politics of Citizenship”. The rise of the civil society movements today, more active in the process of implementing the government denotes a lesson learned to maintain and develop in a sustainable manner. Active citizens are characterized with a productive engagement with the state, a respect of the citizens to the state and vice verse, the state respects to the citizens, and eventually it will produce a democratic and legitimated state before its citizens.
XI
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Daftar Singkatan
XII
ADD
: Alokasi Dana Desa
APBDesa
: Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Desa
Bappeda
: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah
BBM
: Bahan Bakar Minyak
BCA
: Bank Central Asia
BPD
: Badan Permusyawaratan Desa
CADEP
: Colegio Adventista Del Este Paraguayo
Capres
: Calon Presiden
Cawapres
: Calon Wakil Presiden
CDE
: Community Development and Empowerment
CSIS
: Centre for Strategic and International Studies
ADD
: Village Allocation Funds
APBDesa
: Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget
Bappeda
: Local Development Planning Agency
BBM
: Petrol
BCA
: Bank Central Asia
BPD
: Village Consultative Council
CADEP
: Colegio Adventista Del Este Paraguayo
Capres
: Presidential Candidate
Cawapres
: Vice Presidential Candidate
CDE
: Community Development and Empowerment
CSIS
: Centre for Strategic and International Studies
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
List of Abbreviations
XIII
6
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Daftar Singkatan
XIV
CSO
: Civil Society Organization
CSR
: Corporate Social Responsibility
DAK
: Dana Alokasi Khusus
DAU
: Dana Alokasi Umum
DBH
: Dana Bagi Hasil
DFAT
: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
Ditjen
: Direktorat Jenderal
DIY
: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
DPPKAD
: Dinas Pendapatan Pegelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah
DPR RI
: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia
DPRD
: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah
FISIPOL
: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
FORMAIS
: Forum Masyarakat untuk Keistimewaan Yogyakarta
FPPD
: Forum Pengembangan Pembaharuan Desa
ICW
: Indonesian Corruption Watch
ILO
: International Labour Organization
IRE
: Institute for Research and Empowerment
KKKS
: Kontraktor Kontrak Kerja Sama
KPK
: Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi
KSI
: Knowledge Sector Initiative
KTM
: Kartu Tanda Mahasiswa
KTP
: Kartu Tanda Penduduk
KY
: Komisi Yudisial
Lakspesdam
: Lembaga Kajian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia
LPEM
: Lembaga Penyelidikan Ekonomi Masyarakat
Lesbumi
: Lembaga Seniman Budayawan Muslimin Indonesia
6 CSR
: Corporate Social Responsibility
DAK
: Special Allocation Fund
DAU
: General Allocation Fund
DBH
: Revenue Sharing Fund
DFAT
: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
Ditjen
: Directorate General
DIY
: Special Region of Yogyakarta
DPPKAD
: Revenue, Fiscal, and Asset Management Agency
DPR RI
: House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia
DPRD
: Regional House of Representatives
FISIPOL
: Faculty of Social and Political Science
FORMAIS
: Community Forum for the Privilege of Yogyakarta
FPPD
: Forum for Village Development and Reform
ICW
: Indonesian Corruption Watch
ILO
: International Labour Organization
IRE
: Institute for Research and Empowerment
KKKS
: Contractor of Cooperation Contract
KPK
: Corruption Eradication Commission
KSI
: Knowledge Sector Initiative
KTM
: Student Identity Card
KTP
: Identity Card
KY
: Judicial Commission
Lakspesdam
: Institute for Research and Human Resource Development
LPEM
: Institute for the Investigation on Public Economics
Lesbumi
: Institute for Moslem Artists and Cultural Experts of Indonesia
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
: Civil Society Organization
List of Abbreviations
CSO
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6 Daftar Singkatan
LKiS
: Lembaga Kajian Islam dan Sosial
LPMD
: Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa
MD3
: Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah
MK
: Mahkamah Konstitusi
MSF
: Multi Stakeholders Forum
Musdes
: Musyawarah Desa
Musrenbang
: Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan
NGO
: Non Governmental Organization
NTB
: Nusa Tenggara Barat
NTT
: Nusa Tenggara Timur
NU
: Nahdlatul Ulama
OMS
: Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil
Parpol
: Partai Politik
PDT
: Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal
Pemda
: Pemerintah Daerah
Pemilu
: Pemilihan Umum
Perbup
: Peraturan Bupati
Perdes
: Peraturan Desa
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Permendagri : Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri
XVI
Perpres
: Peraturan Presiden
PKL
: Praktek Kerja Lapangan
PKN
: Praktek Kerja Nyata
PMD
: Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa
PNPM
: Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Pokja AMPL
: Kelompok Kerja Air Minum dan Penyehatan Lingkungan
PP
: Peraturan Pemerintah
6 : Institute for Islamic and Social Study
LPMD
: Institute for the Empowerment of Rural Community
MD3
: People’s Consultative Assembly, House of Representatives, Regional Representative Council, and Regional House of Representatives
MK
: Constitutional Court
MSF
: Multi Stakeholders Forum
Musdes
: Village Meeting
Musrenbang
: Development Planning Meeting
NGO
: Non Governmental Organization
NTB
: Nusa Tenggara Barat (West Nusa Tenggara)
NTT
: Nusa Tenggara Timur (East Nusa Tenggara)
NU
: Nahdlatul Ulama
OMS
: Civil Society Organization
Parpol
: Political Party
PDT
: The Development of Disadvantaged Regions
Pemda
: Local Government
Pemilu
: General Election
Perbup
: Regent Regulation
Perdes
: Village Regulation
List of Abbreviations
LKiS
Perpres
: Presidential Regulation
PKL
: Field Internship
PKN
: Internship
PMD
: Community and Village Empowerment
PNPM
: National Program for Community Empowerment
Pokja AMPL
: Sanitation and Drinking Water Working Group
PP
: Government Regulation
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Permendagri : The Regulation of the Ministry of Home Affairs
XVII
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Daftar Singkatan
XVIII
PRN
: Policy Research Network
Prolegnas
: Program Legislasi Nasional
Prorep
: Program Representasi
PSPK
: Pusat Studi Pedesaan dan Kawasan
Puskapol
: Pusat Kajian Politik
PWD
: Power Welfare and Democracy
RKPDesa
: Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Desa
RPJM Desa
: Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa
RPP
: Rencana Peraturan Pemerintah
RUU
: Rancangan Undang-Undang
SHAW
: The Sanitation, Hygiene and Water Programme
SKK Migas
: Satuan Kerja Khusus Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas Bumi
SKPD
: Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah
STBM
: Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat
STPN
: Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Negara
TAF
: The Asia Foundation
TII
: The Indonesian Institute
TTS
: Timor Tengah Selatan
TTU
: Timor Tengah Utara
UGM
: Universitas Gadjah Mada
UI
: Universitas Indonesia
UIN
: Universitas Islam Negeri
UN Habibat
: United Nations Human Settlements Programme
UU
: Undang-Undang
WRI
: Women Research Institute
6 Prolegnas
: National Legislation Program
Prorep
: Representation Program
PSPK
: The Center of Village and Area Studies
Puskapol
: The Center of Political Studies
PWD
: Power Welfare and Democracy
RKPDesa
: Village Development Work Plan
RPJM Desa
: Village Medium Term Development Plan
RPP
: Government Regulation Bill
RUU
: Bill
SHAW
: The Sanitation, Hygiene and Water Programme
SKK Migas
: Oil and Gas Upstream Business Executive Unit
SKPD
: Local Government Unit of Work
STBM
: People-Based Total Sanitation
STPN
: School of State Land Affairs
TAF
: The Asia Foundation
TII
: The Indonesian Institute
TTS
: Timor Tengah Selatan (South Timor Tengah)
TTU
: Timor Tengah Utara (North Timor Tengah)
UGM
: Gadjah Mada University
UI
: University of Indonesia
UIN
: Islamic State University
UN Habibat
: United Nations Human Settlements Programme
UU
: Law
WRI
: Women Research Institute
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
: Policy Research Network
List of Abbreviations
PRN
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ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Arus Balik Politik Kewargaan A Turning Point of the Politics of Citizenship
Bab Chapter
1
Pendahuluan
Konteks
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Republik Indonesia merupakan negara yang dikelola dengan berlandaskan nilai-nilai demokrasi. Republik adalah bentuk pemerintahan yang menempatkan publik sebagai pemegang mandat tertinggi, sehingga demokrasi secara substansial dapat terwujud dalam wadah republik. Model demokrasi perwakilan yang diterapkan di Indonesia mensyaratkan keberadaan parlemen, pemisahan kekuasaan legislatif dan eksekutif, serta elemen civil society yang aktif mengontrol penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Partai politik dan pemilu merupakan instrumen penting bagi bekerjanya sistem demokrasi di era postauthoritarianism Orde Baru.
2
Namun dalam penerapannya di era reformasi ini, demokrasi yang diidealkan (substansial) mengalami dinamika yang justru menggerogoti esensi dari demokrasi itu sendiri. Demokrasi terjebak dalam makna prosedural (formalitas) semata sebagai paham
1 Preface
Introduction
Context
However, in its application in this reformation era, democracy idealized (substantive) to experience the dynamics unfortunately undermined the essence of democracy itself. Democracy was stuck merely in a procedural sense (formality) as a justification for individually
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
The republic of Indonesia is a country that is run on the basis of democratic values. Republic is a form of government that puts the public as the highest element that holds the mandates, so substantive democracy can be realized in the form of republic. The model of representative democracy implemented in Indonesia requires the existence of parliament, the separation of legislative and executive powers, as well as the element of civil society that actively controls the governance. Political parties and elections are important instruments for the successful implementation of the democratic system in the post-authoritarianism of New Order era.
3
1 Pendahuluan
pembenaran terhadap kontestasi politik individual alih-alih sebagai sarana bagi upaya menyejahterakan publik. Partai-partai politik sebagai instrument penting dalam sistem demokrasi mengalami disfungsi sebagai ruang pendidikan politik bagi warganegara ataupun sebagai sarana penyaluran aspirasi. Partai politik yang ada tak lain hanya sekedar sebagai kendaraan bagi ambisi politik elitisme. Sementara di sisi lain, meskipun pemilu telah dilakukan secara rutin, namun akibat absennya pendidikan politik yang seharusnya menjadi kewajiban partai-partai politik, maka praktek money politik pada saat dilakukannya pemilu selalu terjadi. Politik uang berperan besar dalam mengarahkan pilihan politik para pemilih. Kondisi ini pada akhirnya bermuara pada penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang buruk. Ditandai dengan korupsi yang merajalela di segala lapisan pemerintahan, konflik antar elit politik, serta ketidakmampuan dalam memberi pelayanan publik secara optimal. Dinamika demokrasi di era reformasi yang dipenuhi berbagai bentuk penyelewengan ini pada akhirnya menenggelamkan optimisme masyarakat akan sistem demokrasi itu sendiri.
Arus Balik
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Akan tetapi, pesimisme terhadap perkembangan demokrasi di Indonesia mengalami perubahan signifikan pada tahun 2014. Ada dua momentum penting sebagai penanda titik balik tersebut. Yang pertama adalah pada saat berlangsungnya proses Pemilihan Presiden (pilpres). Sedangkan titik balik yang kedua adalah saat disahkannya UU No. 6/2014 tentang Desa oleh pemerintah.
4
Pada saat pemilu dilaksanakan, tradisi lama dalam bentuk praktek money politic masih mewarnai Pemilihan Legislatif untuk mengarahkan partisipan. Bahkan semakin massif dan terangterangan dibanding ketika pemilu-pemilu pada periode sebelumnya. Namun dalam rentang waktu yang tidak terlalu lama setelah pileg, yakni pada pilpres tahun 2014, perubahan politik ditandai dengan fenomena partisipasi yang berseberangan secara kontras dengan
1 Introduction
political contestation rather than as a means for the efforts towards the welfare of the public. Political parties as an important instrument in the democratic system became a dysfunction space for political education for the people and medium for the channel of aspiration. The existing political parties were nothing but merely as a vehicle for the political ambitions of elitism. On the other hand, although the election had been conducted regularly, due to the absence of political education that should be the obligation of political parties, the practice of money politics during elections was always to be the case. Money politics played a major role in directing the political choice of the voters. This condition eventually led to poor governance marked by rampant corruption at all levels of government, conflicts among political elites, and inability to provide public services optimally. The dynamics of democracy in the reformation era filled with various forms of deviation would ultimately drown the optimism of the public towards the democracy itself.
Turning Point
By the time the election was held, long-standing tradition in the form of the practice of money politics still characterized the Legislative Elections in order to direct participants. It was even more massive and blatant than the previous period of elections. However, not long after the Legislative Elections, in the presidential election in 2014, the political change was marked by the opposite phenomenon of participation which was in contrast with the condition in the Legislative Elections. At the time of the presidential election, many volunteers, both individuals and groups, that supported the second
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
However, the pessimism towards the development of democracy in Indonesia experienced significant changes in 2014. There are two important momentums as the markers of the turning point. The first turning point is the Presidential election process, and the second turning point is the enactment of Law No. 6/2014 on village by the government.
5
1 Pendahuluan
kondisi saat Pileg. Pada saat Pilpres, banyak bermunculan relawanrelawan, baik secara individu maupun kelompok, yang mendukung pasangan calon presiden dan wakil presiden nomor 2, yakni pasangan Joko Widodo – Jusuf Kalla. Para relawan tersebut bekerja bukan untuk memperoleh uang atau imbalan lainnya, melainkan untuk memperjuangkan pasangan Jokowi-JK yang mereka yakini akan mampu membawa perubahan lebih baik dalam penyelenggaraan negara. Kerelawanan sesungguhnya bukan hal baru di Indonesia. Para aktivis organisasi masyarakat sipil telah lama melakukannya dalam aktivitas sosial seperti ketika memfasilitasi pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat, atau ketika melakukan aksi cepat tanggap saat terjadi bencana alam. Akan tetapi relawan politik, seperti yang terjadi di Pilpres 2014, merupakan fenomena yang relatif baru di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian Demos (2015) terhadap dua kelompok relawan calon pasangan Jokowi-JK, yaitu Projo dan Seknas Jokowi, menunjukkan bahwa gerakan yang mereka lakukan merupakan gerakan relawan yang murni berasal dari masyarakat sipil, bukan bagian dari setting agenda parpol pengusung calon.
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Munculnya relawan politik menjadi bukti menguatnya partisipasi politik warganegara. Fenomena ini selaras dengan perspektif republikanisme yang memandang individu sebagai pelaku aktif yang mendorong perubahan yang bermanfaat secara kolektif. Kolektivitas dalam bingkai demokrasi terletak pada seluruh warga, bukan pada kepentingan kelompok-kelompok tertentu yang merugikan kelompok lain. Fenomena ini perlu dirawat dan dikembangkan untuk mendorong keberadaan active-citizenship dan masyarakat sipil yang dinamis sehingga akan menghasilkan negara yang kokoh dan legitimate.
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Titik balik kedua adalah implementasi UU No. 6/2014 tentang Desa. UU Desa merupakan produk hukum yang dibuat untuk memicu perubahan struktural desa-desa di Indonesia. Dengan regulasi baru ini, desa kini berdiri sebagai subjek pembangunan yang otonom. UU Desa adalah arah baru dalam usaha pengentasan masalah kemiskinan di desa sekaligus menjadikannya sebagai basis bagi pembangunan
1 Introduction
candidate for president and vice president, Joko Widodo - Jusuf Kalla, emerged. The volunteers did not worked to earn money or other benefits but to fight for Jokowi-JK that they believed would be able to bring the governance of the state towards a better change. Voluntarism is actually not a new thing in Indonesia. The activists of civil society organizations have long been involving in social activities such as facilitating the development and empowerment of a society or a fast action response during natural disasters. Nevertheless, volunteers in politics as what happened in the 2014 presidential election is a relatively new phenomenon in Indonesia. The result from the research conducted by Demos (2015) on two groups of volunteers for Jokowi-JK, Projo and Seknas Jokowi, shows that the movement they did was a purely voluntary movement coming from the civil society, not part of the agenda set by the political parties of the candidates.
The second turning point is the implementation of Law No. 6/2014 on village. Village Law is a legal product made to trigger structural changes of villages in Indonesia. With this new regulation, villages now stand as an autonomous subject of development. Village Law is a new direction in an attempt to alleviate the problem of poverty in villages and at the same time, make them as the basis for national development. In addition, Village Law will also accelerate local democracy as the basis for the practice of substantive democracy. Local democracy has provided wider room for the aspirations of a community as demonstrated by the appearance of volunteers in the presidential election in 2014.
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The emergence of political volunteers becomes the evidence that the political participation of citizens is stronger. This phenomenon is in line with republicanism perspective that sees individuals as active actors that encourage collectively beneficial changes. Collectivity in the frame of democracy lies in all people, not in the interests of certain groups that harm other groups. This phenomenon needs to be maintained and developed to encourage active-citizenship and dynamic civil society that will lead to a strong and legitimate state.
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1 Pendahuluan
nasional. Selain itu UU Desa juga akan mengakselarasi demokrasi lokal sebagai basis bagi praktek demokrasi substansial. Demokrasi lokal memberi ruang bagi aspirasi yang lebih luas bagi masyarakat seperti yang diperlihatkan oleh kemunculan para relawan dalam pilpres 2014 Namun pada kenyatannya, penerapan UU Desa terkendala oleh banyak hal. Pertama, kesewenang-wenangan pemerintah dalam menetapkan paket peraturan pelaksanaan UU Desa, yaitu lewat PP No. 43/2014 dan PP No. 60/2014. Pengesahan kedua PP tersebut telah menimbulkan ketidakjelasan hubungan antara Pemerintah Desa dengan Pemerintah Kabupaten dalam hal sinergitas perencanaan pembangunan. Kedua, minimnya sosialisasi UU tersebut kepada institusi pemerintah desa sebagai pihak pelaksana. Ketiga, pudarnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap semangat otonomi desa. Keempat, perbenturan dengan regulasi lain yang kemudian menimbulkan tumpang tindih kewenangan. Contohnya dengan UU Otonomi Daerah, yang kemudian memicu sengketa hak pengelolaan desa antara Kementerian Dalam Negeri dengan Kementerian Desa. Atau juga perbenturannya dengan UU Keistimewaan Jogja tentang hak Kesultanan Jogja atas klaim penguasaan tanah yang berstatus Sultanate-Ground.
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Di tengah lambatnya proses penerapannya oleh pemerintah pusat dan daerah, serta kebingungan para jajaran aparat desa terhadapnya, mungkin harus menjadi catatan penting bahwa kehadiran UU Desa bertujuan sebagai salah satu instrument penting bagi pembangunan kesejahteraan negara. Implementasi regulasi ini seharusnya menjadi sebuah kebutuhan mendesak bagi pemerintah pusat mengingat luas jangkauan dari efek penerapan UU tersebut.
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Tujuan Penulisan annual report tahun 2014 ini bertujuan untuk menyampaikan refleksi perjalanan IRE dalam beberapa hal, yaitu:
1. Mengabarkan respon IRE atas dinamika kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara yang berlangsung pada tahun 2014
1 Introduction
However, in fact, the implementation of Village Law has been constrained by many things. The first is the arbitrariness of the government in establishing the package of the Village Law implementation through PP 43/2014 and PP 60/2014. The ratification the PP (Government Regulation) has caused unclear relation between village governments with their district government in terms of development planning synergy. The second is the lack of socialization about the Law to village government institutions as the executor. The third is public understanding on the spirit of village autonomy has faded away. The fourth is the clash with other regulations which has led to the overlapping of authority, for example with the Law of Regional Autonomy which then has triggered the dispute of village management rights between the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Ministry of Village or with the Law of the Privilege of Jogja on the Sultanate rights over the claim of land ownership statusSultanate Ground. In the middle of the slow process of the implementation by both central and local governments and the confusion in village officials, there should be an important note that the presence of Village Law aims as one important instrument for the development of the welfare of the state. The implementation of this Law should be an urgent need for the central government, considering the broad scope of the implementation effects of the Law.
Objectives
1. Reporting the responses of IRE towards the dynamics of the nation and state during 2014 2. Delivering the financial management accountability of IRE in 2014
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This 2014 annual report is intended to deliver the reflection of IRE’s journey in several ways, namely:
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1 Pendahuluan
2. Menyampaikan pertanggungjawaban pengelolaan keuangan IRE pada tahun 2014
Alur Penulisan
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Alur yang ditempuh dalam penulisan annual report tahun 2014 ini diawali Bab 1 yang menggambarkan peristiwa munculnya arus balik politik kewargaan dalam proses demokrasi elektoral di Indonesia. Bahwa salah satu bentuk arus balik adalah kemunculan peluang demokrasi lokal di desa melalui UU No 6/2014 tentang Desa, maka uraian pada bab 2 menggambarkan peran IRE dalam menyiapkan desa untuk menapaki jalan demokrasi lokal. Tidak hanya menyiapkan desa dalam implementasi UU Desa, IRE pada tahun 2014 juga merespon dinamika kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, sebagaimana diuraikan pada Bab 3. Peran dan kontribusi IRE ini pun selayaknya mendapatkan respon dari stakeholders. Karena itu Bab 4 memberikan ruang testimoni para mitra IRE atas kesan dan pesan mereka. Pada bab 5 annual report ini menjadi ruang penutup seluruh rangkaian penulisan yang berisi catatan akhir berupa pembelajaran yang dapat ditarik atas peran IRE selama tahun 2014.
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The organization of this 2014 annual report begins with Chapter 1 that depicts the emergence of the turning point of the politics of citizenship in the process of electoral democracy in Indonesia. Since one form of the turning points is the opportunity for local democracy in villages through Law No. 6/2014 on village, the description in Chapter 2 describes the roles of IRE in preparing the villages to conduct local democracy. In 2014, IRE not only prepared the implementation of Village Law but also responded the dynamics of the nation and state as described in Chapter 3. The roles and contributions of IRE should also get a response from the stakeholders. Therefore, Chapter 4 provides a space for IRE’s partners to give testimonies on their impressions and feedbacks. Chapter 5 of this annual report becomes the closing of the report containing the concluding remarks in the form of lessons that can be generated from the roles of IRE in 2014.
Introduction
Writing Organization
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Bab Chapter
2
MENYIAPKAN DESA DI TAHUN POLITIK
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Konteks
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Di penghujung bulan Juli 2014, Bappeda Kabupaten Gunungkidul menyelengarakan acara kupas tuntas UU Desa. Ruangan di lantai dua gedung Bappeda dipenuhi para pejabat SKPD dan stakeholders yang diundang untuk mendiskusikan regulasi baru tersebut. Hari itu peneliti IRE Yogyakarta diminta memaparkan pokok-pokok pemikiran UU Desa dan tantangan yang dihadapi daerah seperti Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Dalam sesi diskusi diketahui bahwa pasca pengundangan UU Desa pada 15 Januari 2014 dan diterbitkannya PP No. 43/2014 tentang Pelaksanaan UU Desa, Pemda Gunungkidul sudah bersiap menyesuaikan beberapa regulasi daerah untuk menjadi pedoman teknis bagi desa. Saat itu adalah masa transisi pergantian
2 The Role of IRE in Advocating UU Desa
PREPARING VILLAGES IN THE YEAR OF POLITICS
At the end of July 2014, Bappeda (Local Development Planning Agency) of Gunung Kidul organized an event called kupas tuntas UU Desa (Deep Analysis of Village Law). The room on the second floor of the Bappeda building was full of the officials from the SKPD (Local Government Unit of Work) and stakeholders invited to discuss the new regulation. On that day, the researchers of IRE Yogyakarta were asked to expose the main points of Village Law and challenges faced a region such as Gunung Kidul District. In the discussion session, it was revealed that after the promulgation of Village Law on January 15, 2014 and the issuance of PP No. 43/2014 on the Implementation of Village Law, Pemda (Local Government) of Gunung Kidul had pre-
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Context
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2 Menyapa Desa di Tahun Politik
pemerintahan pusat, sehingga diskusi yang dilakukan hanya sebatas shopping ideas untuk pelaksanaan UU Desa. Forum diskusi ditutup dengan mencatat beberapa aspek penting dalam rangka persiapan pelaksanaan UU tersebut, seperti menyiapkan Raperda tentang Desa, merevisi Perda pengisian, pelantikan dan pemberhentian Kepala Desa serta Perangkat Desa, revisi Peraturan Bupati (Perbup) tentang Keuangan Desa, menyusun Perbup tentang Kewenangan Desa dan menyesuaikan seperangkat regulasi teknis lainnya.
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Sebagai perbandingan, jauh sebelum diskusi dengan Pemda Gunungkidul, tim peneliti IRE sesungguhnya telah melakukan riset advokasi mengenai aset dan keuangan desa. Riset tersebut dilakukan di beberapa desa di kawasan Indonesia Timur, seperti Provinsi NTT, Provinsi NTB, dan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. IRE saat itu berkeyakinan bahwa salah satu peraturan teknis turunan dari UU Desa yang penting untuk segera diterbitkan adalah Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Aset dan Keuangan Desa. Karena itu, kebutuhan untuk menyediakan produk pengetahuan berbasis penelitian lapangan mendesak dilakukan guna memberikan input paper bagi pemerintah pusat yang akan menyusun kebijakan desa. Berbekal pengalaman saat advokasi RUU Desa, IRE bergerak cepat mengkomunikasikan produk pengetahuan terbarunya ini kepada Direktorat Jenderal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa (Ditjen PMD) Kementrian Dalam Negri. Melalui Kasubdit Aset dan Keuangan Desa, input paper IRE dibahas melalui serangkaian diskusi berseri.
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Dua cerita di atas memberikan gambaran tentang peran IRE dalam mempersiapkan kebijakan nasional dan daerah terkait pelaksanaan UU Desa. Namun hal itu belumlah cukup karena UU Desa sendiri harus terus dikawal sampai norma-norma dalam regulasi tersebut benar-benar dipedomani dalam peraturan turunannya. Serta pelaksanaannya yang sesuai dengan desain kelembagaan yang telah dirumuskan dalam UU tersebut. Jalan bagi persiapan pelaksanaan UU Desa ternyata melalui hambatan kekuasaan birokrasi yang punya perhitungan sendiri. Politik kepentingan yang menyertai pelaksanaan UU Desa tergolong
2 It was the transition period of the central government so that the discussion was limited to shopping ideas for the implementation of Village Law. The discussion forum was closed by noting some important aspects for the preparation of the implementation of the Law such as preparing the Raperda (the Draft of Local Regulation) on Village, revising Perda (Local Regulations) on filling, appointing, and dismissing the Head of Village and the Officials, revising Perbup (Regent Regulations) on the Finances of Village, formulating Perbup on the Authority of Village, and adjusting the other sets of technical regulations.
Preparing Villages in The Year of Politics
pared to adjust several local regulations to be the technical guidelines for the villagers.
The two stories above provide an overview of the roles of IRE in preparing national and local policies related to the implementation of Village Law. However, those are not enough because the law itself have to be overseen until the norms in the regulation become the bases for the derived regulations, and the implementation is in
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In comparison, long before the discussions with the Local Government of Gunung Kidul, the team of researchers from IRE had conducted advocacy researches on the assets and finances of some villages. The researches were conducted in several villages in eastern Indonesia such as the province of NTT, NTB and South Sulawesi. IRE, at that time, believed that one of the technical regulations derived from Village Law important to be immediately issued was the Government Regulation on Assets and Finances of Villages. Therefore, providing field research-based knowledge product was urgently needed in order to give input paper for the central government that would formulate village policies. With the experience while advocating RUU Desa (Village Bill), IRE moved quickly to communicate its latest knowledge to Ditjen PMD (the Directorate General of Community and Village Empowerment) of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Through Kasubdit (the Head of Sub-Directorate) of Assets and Finances of Villages, the input paper of IRE was discussed through a series of discussions.
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Menyapa Desa di Tahun Politik
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rumit dan dinamis. Melalui advokasi UU Desa, IRE memperoleh pembelajaran yang berharga dalam melakukan advokasi kebijakan di Indonesia.
Ribut di Pusat Pasca diundangkan oleh Presiden SBY, UU Desa memasuki babak persiapan pelaksanaan di tahun 2014. Selama setahun dalam proses persiapan, regulasi baru ini dijalankan oleh dua pemerintahan yang berbeda mengingat tahun 2014 bertepatan dengan pergantian kepemimpinan nasional. Akan tetapi, tahap persiapan regulasi turunannya dijalankan oleh pemerintahan SBY secara pararel. Pengesahan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 43/2014 tentang Pelaksanaan UU No. 6/2014 tentang Desa pada tanggal 30 Mei 2014. Sedangkan PP No. 60/2014 tentang Dana Desa disahkan pada tanggal 21 Juli 2014. Penerbitan regulasi teknis ini melalui proses penyusunan yang terkesan terburu-buru dan tertutup terhadap masukan dari para pegiat pembaharuan desa. Kesan terburu-buru dalam penyusunan PP ini sangatlah berbeda jika dibandingkan dengan proses penyusunan rancangan UU-nya oleh Pansus DPR-RI yang bersifat sabar dan terbuka. Dalam proses penyusunan kedua PP tersebut IRE sama sekali tidak dilibatkan, walaupun sebelumnya IRE sudah pernah memberikan input paper berupa hasil penelitian sebagai masukan terkait dana desa. Bahkan penyusunan PP ini juga tertutup dari masukan Kemendagri sebagai pihak yang menyusun rancangan PP tersebut. Tidak hanya itu, pemerintah SBY saat itu juga gagal menyatukan kewenangan terkait pengaturan keuangan desa di bawah satu kementrian sehingga memunculkan kedua PP seperti yang telah disebut di atas, yaitu PP No. 43/2014 dan PP No. 60/2014. Pengaturan teknis umum desa dijalankan Ditjen PMD Kemendagri, sedangkan pengaturan teknis dana desa dipegang oleh Ditjen Keuangan Daerah Kemenkeu. Lebih jauh, arus balik kemunculan politik kewargaan yang terepresentasi melalui kemenangan Presiden Joko Widodo dalam pilpres senyatanya tidak berimbas kepada birokrasi yang berwenang dalam
2 The way for preparing the implementation of Village Law unfortunately faced the barrier of bureaucratic power that had its own calculation. Political interests that accompanied the implementation of Village Law were complex and dynamic. Through the advocacy of Village Law, IRE has gained valuable lessons in conducting policy advocacy in Indonesia.
Preparing Villages in The Year of Politics
accordance with the institutional design that has been formulated in that Law.
After the promulgation by the President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), in 2014, Village Law entered the preparation stage of the implementation. During the one year preparation process, this new regulation was run by two different governments since in 2014, there was the change of national leadership. Nevertheless, the preparation stage of the derived regulations was carried out by the government of SBY in parallel. The legalization of PP (Government Regulation) No. 43/2014 on the Implementation of Law No. 6/2014 on Village was conducted on May 30, 2014, while PP No. 60/2014 on Village Funds was legalized on July 21, 2014. The issuance of these technical regulations was through a preparation process that seemed rushed and closed to input from the activists of village reform. The rush in the drafting of PP was very different if compared with the drafting process of the Bill by Pansus DPR-RI (the Special Committee of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia) that was patient and opened. In the process of preparing both PP, IRE was totally excluded although previously IRE had provided input paper in the form of research paper as the input related to village funds. Even, the drafting of this PP was also closed from the input of Kemendagri (Ministry of Home Affairs) as the party that drafted the regulation. The government of SBY was also failed to unify the authorities related to village financial management under one ministry which resulted in those two PPs as mentioned above, namely PP No. 43/2014 and PP No. 60/2014. The general technical arrangement of village was executed by Ditjen PMD Kemendagri (the Directorate General of
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Chaos in the Central Government
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2 Menyapa Desa di Tahun Politik
persiapan regulasi, kelembagaan dan subtansi dalam pelaksanakan UU Desa. Desain kelembagaan dari Presiden Joko Widodo untuk pengelolaan desa yang berada di bawah kewenangan satu kementerian khusus, sebaliknya justru mendapat respon negatif dari Ditjen PMD Kemendagri. Respon ini menimbulkan kegaduhan berlarut di masa awal pemerintahan Jokowi, yang akhirnya berujung pada kompromi lewat pengesahan Perpres No. 11/2015 dan Perpres No. 12/2015. Polemik kewenangan pengelolaan desa di level pemerintah pusat berakibat terpisahnya urusan pengelolaan desa di tangan dua kementerian. Urusan administrasi pemerintahan desa berada pada wewenang Kementrian Dalam Negeri, sedangkan urusan pembangunan, sosial masyarakat dan pemberdayaan adalah wewenang Kementrian Desa, PDT dan Transmigrasi.
Risau di Daerah
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Kompetisi kewenangan pengelolaan desa yang terjadi di level pemerintah pusat menimbulkan kegamangan pemerintah daerah dalam merespon persiapan pelaksanaan UU Desa. Pemisahan kewenangan pengelolaan desa seperti yang telah disebut di atas berpotensi menjadi masalah rujukan bagi Pemerintah Desa akibat tumpang tindihnya peraturan. Misalnya Permendagri No. 114/2014 tentang Pedoman Pembangunan Desa yang seharusnya menjadi kewenangan Kementerian Desa. Akibat kegamangan ini, sosialisasi UU Desa oleh pemerintah daerah tidak berjalan efisien. Di samping itu penyesuaian kebijakan daerah atas desa pun terhambat seiring molornya kegiatan supervisi UU Desa yang dilakukan pemerintah pusat kepada daerah.
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Lambatnya respon pemerintah daerah dalam persiapan pelaksanaan UU Desa di satu sisi juga bisa dilihat sebagai usaha dalam mempertahankan legitimasi kedudukannya terhadap desa. UU Desa melepaskan kewenangan pemerintah daerah terhadap keuangan desa dan kewenangan asal-usul dan lokal berskala desa yang dikuasai oleh pemerintah daerah selama ini merujuk kepada skema otonomi daerah. Dana perimbangan (DAU dan DBH) yang selama ini digunakan pemerintah daerah untuk menjalankan politik otonomi
2
Furthermore, the turning point of the politics of citizenship represented by the victory of the President in the presidential election, in fact, did not affect the authorized bureaucracy in the preparation of the regulations, institutions, and substances in implementation of Village Law. The design of institution by the President Joko Widodo for village management which was under the authority of a specific ministry unfortunately got a negative response from the Ditjen PMD Kemendagri. This response caused chaos in the early years of Jokowi which finally led to a compromise through the ratification of Perpres (Presidential Decree) No. 11/2015 and Perpres No. 12/2015. The polemic in the authority of village management at the level of central government has resulted in the separation of village management affairs in the hand of two ministries. The administration of village is under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs, while the development, social, community, and empowerment are under the authority of the Ministry of Village, while the construction business, social and empowerment is the authority of the Ministry of Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration.
Preparing Villages in The Year of Politics
Community and Village Empowerment of the Ministry of Home Affairs), while the technical arrangement of village funds was in the hand of Ditjen Keuangan Daerah Kemenkeu (the Directorate General of Local Finances of the Ministry of Finances).
The competition in village management authority that occurred at the level of the central government raised the uncertainty of local government in responding to the preparation of Village Law. The separation of village management authority as mentioned above could potentially be the problem of reference for village government as the result of overlapping regulations. For example, Permendagri (the Regulation of the Ministry of Home Affairs) No. 114/2014 on the Guidelines of Village Development was supposed to be the authority of the Ministry of Village. As the consequence of this uncertainty, the socialization of Village Law by local government law did not run efficiently. In addition, the adjustment of local policies towards
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Anxiety in the Regions
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Menyapa Desa di Tahun Politik
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daerah, kini diwajibkan harus diserahkan paling sedikit 10 persen ke desa dalam bentuk ADD. Implikasi pemerintah daerah yang terkesan ‘setengah-hati’ ini pada akhirnya bermuara pada kebingungan pemerintah desa. Sebagai pihak yang paling penting dalam pelaksanaan UU Desa, pemerintah desa justru adalah pihak yang paling minim pengetahuannya dalam implementasi UU tersebut. Hal ini masih ditambah dengan wacana yang beredar di jajaran pemerintah desa yang justru terjebak ke dalam isu anggaran desa semata (Dana Desa, ADD, korupsi anggaran) ketimbang isu-isu substansial dalam UU Desa seperti persoalan kedudukan, kewenangan dan demokratisasi desa.
2 The slow response of local government in the preparation for the implementation of Village Law on one side can also be seen as an attempt to maintain the legitimacy of its position in village. Village Law detaches the authorities of local government towards village finances and the village-scale authorities of origin and locality that has been controlled by local government referring to the scheme of regional autonomy. The balance (DAU and DBH) that has been used by local government to carry out the politics of regional autonomy, is now required to be submitted at least 10 percent to village in the form of ADD.
Preparing Villages in The Year of Politics
village was obstructed due to the long process of the supervision of Village Law by the central government to the regions.
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The implication of local government that seems ‘half-hearted’ has finally led to the confusion of village government. As the most important element in the implementation of Village Law, village government, in fact, has the least knowledge on the implementation of the Law. It is worsened with a discourse spreading in village government that is stuck merely in the issue of village budget (Village Fund, ADD, budget corruption) rather than substantial issues in Village Law such as status, authority, and democratization of village.
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Bab Chapter
3
DINAMIKA PROGRAM DAN KEGIATAN KELEMBAGAAN
3.1.
Klaster Pendalaman Demokrasi
Hajatan demokrasi elektoral dalam rangka pergantian kepemimpinan nasional dan anggota parlemen selalu memunculkan pembelajaran yang menarik. Bagi klaster Pendalaman Demokrasi, peristiwa lima tahunan ini pun menjadi penting untuk dicermati terutama mengenai isu-isu seputar dinamika demokrasi yang terjadi pada proses maupun hasilnya. Berikut ini beberapa kegiatan yang telah kami selenggarakan selama tahun politik yang penuh dinamika dan kejutan.
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3.1.1. Rangkaian Kegiatan Kluster
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Di tahun 2014 terdapat beberapa kegiatan yang diselenggarakan baik berupa kegiatan rutin maupun insidental dalam merespon agenda politik seputar dinamika demokrasi yang terjadi pada proses pemilu maupun pasca
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3.1.
The Dynamics of The Program
THE DYNAMICS OF THE PROGRAMS AND THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INSTITUTION
Deepening Democracy Cluster
The celebration of electoral democracy in the context of the change of national leadership and the members of the parliament always raises an interesting learning. For Deepening Democracy cluster, this five year event became noteworthy, especially regarding the issues around the dynamics of democracy that occurred in the process or the results. Here are some of the activities that we have held during the year of politics that was full of dynamics and surprises.
In 2014, there were several activities organized in the form of routine and incidental activities to respond the political agenda regarding the dynamics of democracy that occurred in the election process and after the presi-
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3.1.1. The Activities of the Cluster
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Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
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terpilihnya presiden dan wakil presiden. IRE Yogyakarta dengan dukungan KSI pada tahun 2014 melakukan serangkaian kegiatan yang mengarah pada upaya merespon isu-isu. Pertama, kegiatan diskusi bulanan dengan tema yang variatif untuk merespon isu-isu aktual.
1. Mengawali tahun 2014, tema diskusi bulanan IRE adalah “Mewujudkan Indonesia yang Berdaulat, Bebas dari Korupsi”. Tema diskusi diangkat karena dirasa relevan dengan dinamika sosial politik yang sedang terjadi waktu itu. Tahun 2014 Indonesia akan masuk pada tahun politik dimana akan berlangsung pemilu legislatif dan pemilu pemilu presiden dan wakil presiden. Sementara pada tahun 2013 masyarakat disuguhi satu drama pertarungan antara KPK dan institusi kepolisian. Hadir sebagai pembicara pada waktu itu adalah Busyro Muqoddas (mantan/calon Komisioner KPK), Suparman Marzuki (Komisioner KY) dan Arie Sujito (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta).
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1. Opening 2014, the theme of IRE’s monthly discussion was “Mewujudkan Indonesia yang Berdaulat, Bebas dari Korupsi” (Realizing Indonesia Which Is Sovereign, Freed from Corruption). The theme of discussion was chosen because it seemed relevant to the socio-political dynamics at that time. In 2014, Indonesia would enter the year of politics in which the legislative election and the presidential and vice presidential election would be held, while in 2013, people were shown the drama on the battle between KPK (Corruption Eradication Commission) and the police institution. The speakers of the discussion were Busyro Muqoddas (the former / a candidate for the Commissioner of KPK), Suparman Marzuki (The Commissioner of KY) and Arie Sujito (A Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta).
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The first was monthly discussion activities with varied themes in response to current issues.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
dent and vice president were elected. IRE Yogyakarta supported by KSI in 2014 conducted a series of activities that led to the effort in response to the issues.
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Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
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2. Diskusi dengan tema “Presiden Baru dan Proyeksi Penyelesaikan Konflik Identitas Keberagamaan di Indonesia” pada tanggal 26 Mei 2014 yang menghadirkan narasumber Prof. Dr. Syafii Ma’arif (Pengurus PP Muhammadiyah), Alissa Wachid (Gusdurian), dan Abdur Rozaki (Peneliti IRE). Diskusi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendidikan politik pada para pemilih pada Pemilu Presiden 2014 melalui proses mengkritisi visi dan program calon presiden dalam menyelesaikan konflik identitas keberagamaan di Indonesia. 3. Diskusi bulanan mengusung tema “Menakar Ideologi Negara (Pancasila) dalam Kebijakan Politik Presiden Baru” yang diselenggarakan pada tanggal 29 Agustus 2014. Diskusi ini bertujuan untuk merefleksikan pengamalan Ideologi Negara (Pancasila) dalam kehidupan bernegara dan bermasyarakat di Indonesia, mengukur komitmen Presiden terpilih terhadap penguatan Ideologi Negara (Pancasila) dan menemukan jalan terang guna mengukuhkan kembali Ideologi Negara Indonesia. Hadir sebagai narasumber yaitu: Drs. Sindung Tjahyadi, M.Hum. (Pusat Studi Pancasila UGM), Muhammad Jadul Maula (LESBUMI), dan Titok Hariyanto (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta).
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3. A monthly discussion on the theme of “Menakar Ideologi Negara (Pancasila) dalam Kebijakan Politik Presiden Baru”(Measuring the Ideology of the State (Pancasila) in the Political Policies of the New Presidents” was held on August 29, 2014. This discussion was intended to reflect the practice of the Ideology of the State (Pancasila) in the state and society in Indonesia, measure the commitment of the elected President in strengthening the Ideology of the State (Pancasila), and find the bright way in order to reaffirm the Ideology of Indonesia. The keynote speakers were Drs. Sindung Tjahyadi, M. Hum. (The Center for Pancasila Studies of UGM), Muhammad Jadul Maula (LESBUMI), and Titok Hariyanto (A Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta).
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2. There was also a discussion on the theme of “Presiden Baru dan Proyeksi Penyelesaikan Konflik Identitas Ke beragamaan di Indonesia” (New President and the Projections of the Pluralism Identity Conflicts in Indonesia” on May 26, 2014 with Prof. Dr. Syafii Maarif (the Board of Muhammadiyah), Alissa Wachid (Gusdurian), and Abdur Rozaki (A Researcher of IRE) as the keynote speakers. This discussion was intended to provide political education to the voters in the presidential election in 2014 through the process of criticizing the visions and programs of the presidential candidate in resolving the Pluralism Identity Conflicts in Indonesia.
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4. Diskusi bulanan dengan tema “Membedah Subsidi BBM” yang diselenggarakan pada tanggal 26 November 2014. Diskusi ini bertujuan untuk mengupas alasan urgensi sebuah kebijakan terkait dengan subsidi BBM, membedah program-program pengalihan subsidi BBM era Pemerintahan Jokowi dan mengukur seberapa jauh dampak kenaikan BBM bagi masyarakat terutama masyarakat miskin. Hadir sebagai narasumber pada kegiatan ini yaitu Dr. Rimawan Prapdityo (Dosen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, UGM), Romel Maskuri (Ketua Senat Mahasiswa UIN) dan Dina Mariana (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta).
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Kedua, kegiatan menyusun proposal riset dengan tema “Peran Kelompok Strategis dalam Mempengaruhi Kebijakan Paska Lahirnya UU Keistimewaan”. Melalui riset ini diharapkan dapat ditemukan peta kelompok strategis dan perannya dalam mempengaruhi kebijakan serta bagaimana relasi dan keterpengaruhannya dalam proses advokasi yang menyangkut isu pelayanan publik pasca lahirnya UU Keistimewaan.
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Pelajaran Berharga Diskusi bulanan yang secara rutin diselenggarakan oleh IRE Yogyakarta telah menciptakan ruang discourse baru dalam menganalisa proses bekerjanya demokrasi, serta peluang dan tantangannya baik di tingkat elite, civil society, maupun community. Tidak jarang perbincangan hangat dalam diskusi
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Lessons Learned The monthly discussions regularly held by IRE Yogyakarta have created a new space for discourse in analyzing how the democratic process works and how the opportunities and
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The second was research proposal development activities on the theme of “Peran Kelompok Strategis dalam Mempengaruhi Kebijakan Paska Lahirnya UU Keistimewaan” (The Role of Strategic Groups in Influencing Policies after the birth of the Law on Special Region). Through this research, it was expected that the map of strategic groups and their roles in influencing policies, the relation, how they were affected in advocacy related to the issues of public services after the birth of the Law on Special Region could be found.
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4. Another monthly discussion on the theme of “Membedah Subsidi BBM” (Investigating the Petrol Subsidies) was held on November 26, 2014. This discussion aimed to explore the reasons of urgency towards a policy related to petrol subsidies, investigate the petrol subsidy diversion programs in Jokowi era, and measure how far the impact of the increase of the petrol towards the community, especially the poor was. The keynote speakers of this event were Dr. Rimawan Prapdityo (A Lecturer in the Faculty of Economics and Business, UGM), Romel Maskuri (The Chairman of the Student Senate of UIN) and Dina Mariana (A Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta).
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bulanan ini turut mewarnai media massa sehingga cukup banyak pesan yang dapat disampaikan kepada publik dalam rangka penguatan demokrasi substansial, baik di tingkat lokal maupun nasional.
Rekomendasi Transformasi kehidupan berdemokrasi secara formal prosedural sudah saatnya menuju ke perikehidupan demokrasi yang subtantif. Diskursus pendalaman demokrasi yang telah dipelihara IRE sejauh ini, sepantasnya berlanjut menjadi diskursus publik yang lebih luas dan berpengarh secara nyata dalam proses pembuatan kebijakan yang lebih berpihak pada kepentingan masyarakat dan penguatan demokrasi di Indonesia.
3.1.2. Kegiatan Kerja sama IRE dalam Isu Pendalaman Demokrasi IRE selama tahun 2014 melakukan kerja sama dengan beberapa pihak dalam isu pendalaman demokrasi. Ada tiga kerja sama yang dilakukan oleh IRE, sebagian merupakan kelanjutan dari kerja sama tahun sebelumnya, beberapa lagi merupakan kerja sama baru. 1. Kerjasama IRE dengan CENTER for LEAD.
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Latar Belakang
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Bersama dengan CENTER for LEAD, IRE melakukan penelitian “Money Politic dalam Pemilu Legislatif 2014” di DIY. Riset ini sebelumnya memang tidak direncanakan. Kami berpandangan, Pemilu 2014 pastilah sama dengan pemilu sebelumnya, tidak ada kejutan-kejutan yang bisa membawa lompatan perbaikkan demokrasi substantif. Artinya, pemilu sekedar prasyarat utama demokrasi prosedural, pemilu akan berlangsung sesuai dengan tahapannya. Tidak ada sesuatu yang menarik untuk diselidiki lebih mendalam lagi. Ternyata asumsi tersebut salah.
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Recommendation It is the time for the formal – procedural transformation of democratic life to go to the substantive democracy. The discourse of deepening democracy that has been kept by IRE should continue to be a broader public discourse and affect significantly in the policy making process that is more in the favor of the interests of the community and the strengthening of democracy in Indonesia.
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challenges at either elite level, civil society, or community are. These interesting discussions often appeared in mass media so that there were quite a lot of messages that could be delivered to the public in order to strengthen substantive democracy, both at local and national levels.
3.1.2. The Collaborative Projects of IRE on the Deepening Democracy Issues During 2014, IRE had collaborative projects with several parties on deepening democracy issues. There were three collaborative projects undertaken by IRE. One of them was a continuation of the work of the previous year, and two of them were new collaborative projects. 1. The Cooperation between IRE and CENTER for
LEAD
Together with CENTER for LEAD, IRE conducted a research on “Money Politics dalam Pemilu Legislatif 2014” (Money Politics in the 2014 Legislative Election) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research was not planned. We thought that the 2014 election must have been the same as the previous elections. There were no surprises that could significantly improve the substantive democracy. It means election is just a major prerequisite in procedural democracy, and election will take place based on the stages. There is no interesting
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Background
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
Sepanjang tahapan pemilu berlangsung, perbincangan masyarakat tentang Pemilu 2014 ternyata lebih seru dari pemilu-pemilu sebelumnya. Cerita paling banyak adalah tentang politik uang. Obrolan di pos ronda, warung angkringan, kantor, hingga diskusi yang digelar para aktivis menyodorkan fakta adanya praktik money politic yang demikian memprihatinkan. Memprihatinkan karena para calon anggota legislatif melakukannya secara terbuka tanpa ada rasa malu sedikit pun. Memprihatinkan karena para calon pemilih menganggap hal tersebut sebagai suatu kewajaran dalam hajatan pesta demokrasi. Tudingan atas hadirnya problem tersebut dialamatkan pada perubahan sistem pemilu dari proporsional tertutup menjadi proporsional terbuka paska putusan MK pada tahun 2009 lalu. Pada sistem proporsional tertutup partai sebagai kontestan memiliki kendali penuh terhadap kandidat yang diusung dengan penetapan nomor urut kandidat. Sedangkan sistem proporsional terbuka cenderung mengarah pada politik elektoral yang bertumpu pada kandidat dan personal vote. Dibanding proporsional tertutup, proporsional terbuka memberikan insentif lebih kepada calon dalam melakukan politik uang.
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Namun benarkah kegagalan transformasi reformasi sistem representasi berakar dari perubahan sistem pemilu yang lebih terbuka dan kompetitif? Apakah prasayarat-prasyarat bagi hadirnya kompetisi yang adil dan jujur telah dipenuhi? Tidakkah partai seharusnya juga berbenah dalam sistem semacam itu?
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Rangkaian Kegiatan Pada tahun 2014, kerjasama dengan CENTER for LEAD terkait pemilu fokus pada penelitian, penulisan hasil penelitian, dan diseminasi hasil penelitian ke dalam buku. Penelitian dan elaborasi lebih lanjut tentang kaitan antara money poli-
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The allegation of these problems was addressed to the changes in the electoral system from closed list proportional system to open list proportional system after the decision of the Constitutional Court in 2009. In the closed list proportional system, the party as the contestant has full control over the candidates promoted by setting the number of the candidates in the list. On the other hand, open list proportional system tends to lead to electoral politics, which is based on the candidates and personal vote. In comparison with the closed list proportional system, the open list proportional system gives more incentives to the candidates in doing money politics. However, is it true that the failure in the transformation of reformation of representation system was caused by the change in the system of the election which was more open and competitive? Had the prerequisites of the fair and honest competition been fulfilled? The parties should also reorganize themselves, shouldn’t they?
The Series of Activities In 2014, the cooperation with CENTER for LEAD related to the election focused on research, research result writing, and dissemination of research results into a book. Research
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Throughout the stages of the election, the public debate about the 2014 election, in fact, was hotter than the previous elections. Most of the stories were about money politics. Chatting in the community guard posts, angkringan (small traditional food stall in Yogyakarta), offices, and even discussions held by activists showed the practices of money politics were at alarming rate. It was said so because the legislative candidates did money politics openly without any shame, and they thought that it was normal in the celebration of democracy.
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fact to investigate more deeply. However, the assumption was wrong.
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tic dengan kompleksitas sistem representasi yang dibaca melalui sistem kepartaian dan sistem pemilu dilakukan untuk menjawab serangkaian pertanyaan penelitian yang telah disampaikan di atas. Secara terfokus riset ini ditujukan sebagai upaya rintisan dalam memperbaiki kualitas representasi melalui advokasi kebijakan yang mendorong perbaikan kualitas representasi di Indonesia. Hasil riset saat ini sedang disusun menjadi buku. Targetnya, pada bulan Juli 2015 buku sudah terbit dan bisa dinikmati oleh publik dan para pemerhati pemilu.
Pelajaran Berharga
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Riset kolaboratif antara IRE dengan LEAD baru pertama kalinya dilakukan. Dari sisi proses, pelajaran berharga yang bisa dipetik adalah perbedaan tradisi dalam menyusun instrumen penelitian. IRE memiliki tradisi instrumen disusun secara longgar, yang terpenting adalah ‘kalimat kunci’ bisa diperoleh dan cerita lapangan dari informan bisa digali sebanyak banyaknya. Sedangkan teman-teman LEAD memiliki kebiasaan instrumen penelitian disusun sedetail mungkin. Pertanyaan asisten peneliti yang memawancarai informan sebisa mungkin mengacu pada daftar pertanyaan yang sudah dibuat. Keduanya tentu memiliki plus minusnya masingmasing. Yang terpenting, dua tradisi tersebut akhirnya bisa berdialog dan saling melengkapi.
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Dari sisi substansi, penelitian “Money Politic dalam Pemilu Legislatif 2014” ini menemukan adanya uang yang beroperasi di hampir setiap tahapan pemilu. Pendek kata, uang demikian menentukan proses pemilu yang secara permukaan terlihat bersih, jujur, dan adil.
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It was the first collaborative research between IRE and LEAD. In terms of the process, the valuable lesson to be learned is the different tradition in preparing the research instruments. The tradition of IRE is that the instruments are organized flexibly. The most important thing is that the ‘key sentence’ can be obtained and the stories from the informants in the field can be exploited as much as possible. On the contrary, our friends from LEAD have habit that the instruments of research are organized as detailed as possible. The questions from the researcher assistants who interviewed the informants should refer to the list of questions that had been made. Both methods, of course, have their own strengths and weaknesses. Most importantly, the two traditions could finally have dialogue and complement each other. In terms of substance, the study on “Money Politics dalam Pemilu Legislatif 2014” (Money Politics in the 2014 Legislative Election) find that money operated at almost every stage of the election. In short, money determined the election process which on the surface, looked clean, honest, and fair.
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Lessons Learned
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
and further elaborations on the link between money politics and the representation system read through party and electoral systems were conducted to answer the questions of the research that have been mentioned above. This research focused on the pioneering effort in improving the quality of representation through policy advocacy that encouraged improvement in the quality of representation in Indonesia. The results of this research were currently being compiled into a book. The target was that in July 2015, the book had been published and could be enjoyed by the public and election observers.
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Rekomendasi Produk pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini penting digunakan sebagai bahan advokasi kebijakan sistem politik dan Pemilu di Indonesia. Agenda kebijakan ke depan yang relevan dihubungkan dengan produk pengetahuan riset ini adalah perubahan UU Partai Politik, UU Pemilu, dan UU Penyelenggara Pemilu. 2. Kerja sama IRE dan Prorep USAID
Latar Belakang
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Proses demokratisasi yang kini tengah berlangsung di Indonesia, haruslah dapat didorong ke arah pencapaian yang lebih baik lagi di masa depan. Salah satunya adalah dengan cara mendorong kedekatan antara kekuatan civil society yang tergabung di dalam NGO think tank dengan para pemegang kebijakan di Parlemen (Policy Makers). Kedekatan keduanya untuk saling berjejaring membangun keterbukaan, membangun akses dan tanggung jawab bersama dalam mendorong produk kebijakan publik yang berkualitas sangatlah diharapkan untuk memelihara pembangunan demokrasi yang berkelanjutan di Indonesia.
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Problem yang selama ini masih berlangsung adalah banyak NGO think tank yang menghasilkan produk pengetahuan dan melakukan advokasi kebijakan, namun hasilnya kurang maksimal dalam mempengaruhi proses penyusunan kebijakan di parlemen. Begitu juga, fungsi legislasi yang dijalankan oleh parlemen, sebagaimana yang dirumuskan sendiri dalam prolegnas, selain tidak memenuhi target yang ditetapkan sebagai yang direncanakan oleh DPR sendiri, juga dari sisi kualitas legislasi yang dihasilkan, masih mengandung berbagai permasalahan sehingga menimbulkan reaksi keras kekuatan civil society. Potret semacam ini sangat tampak jelas pada dinamika masyarakat sipil dengan DPR RI periode 2009-2014.
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2. The Cooperation between IRE and Prorep USAID
Background The democratization process that is now underway in Indonesia must be pushed towards better achievement in the future. One of the ways is by encouraging the closeness between the power of civil society joined in think tank NGOs and the Policy Makers in the Parliament. Their closeness to make a network and build openness, access, and shared responsibility in encouraging quality public policy products is expected to maintain a sustainable democratic development in Indonesia. The problems that have occurred until now are that many think tank NGOs can generate knowledge product and conduct policy advocacy, but the result is not maximal in influencing the policy formulation process in the Parliament. Likewise, the legislative function run by the Parliament as it was formulated in Prolegnas (National Legislation Program) could not both meet the targets set as planned by the House of Representatives itself and in terms of the quality of legislation produced, it still contained a variety of problems causing strong civil society reaction. This kind of portrait was evident in the dynamics of civil society with the House of Representatives in the period of 2009-2014. The 2014 election momentum that resulted in the new members of Parliament for the period of 2014 to 2019 was
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The knowledge product generated from this research is important to use as policy advocacy materials on the political system and election in Indonesia. The agenda on policy in the future that is relevant to be related to this knowledge product is (UU Partai Politik (Law of Political Parties), UU Pemilu (Law of Election), and UU Penyelenggara Pemilu (Law of Election Organizer)
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Recommendations
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Momentum Pemilu 2014 yang menghasilkan anggota parlemen baru periode 2014-2019, merupakan langkah yang strategis untuk memperbaharui pola komunikasi politik antara NGO think tank dengan policy makers (baca: parlemen) dalam konteks mendorong kebijakan publik yang berkualitas. Dari sisi pengalaman NGO sendiri, dengan adanya anggota parlemen baru ini juga sekaligus menjadi momentum untuk berbenah, melakukan proses pembelajaran untuk memperkuat kapasitas sumber daya manusia para penelitinya dan kelembagaannya dalam menjalankan peran sebagai lembaga think tank.
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Dalam konteks inilah IRE mengadakan program peningkatan kapasitas di kalangan para NGO think tank yang selama ini memiliki concern untuk mempengaruhi agenda kebijakan publik, khususnya di parlemen. Program kerjasama ini mengambil fokus isu “Peningkatan Kapasitas Advokasi Kebijakan dan Strategi Komunikasi untuk Lembaga Riset di Indonesia”.
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Peningkatan kapasitas ini tidak hanya menyangkut mutu dari produk pengetahuan, juga cara mengemas produk pengetahuan yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan riset itu mampu terdiseminasi menjadi wacana publik, dan memiliki relevansi pula dengan agenda-agenda kebijakan di parlemen. Di samping itu, peningkatan kapasitas ini juga diarahkan untuk memperkuat strategi komunikasi para NGO think tank dalam mempengaruhi proses tahapan dalam pembahasan legislasi. Mendekatkan NGO think tank terhadap policy makers dengan cara lebih mengenal lingkungan, konstelasi politik dan mekanisme kelembagaan terkait proses dan mekanisme pengambilan keputusan dalam penetapan produk kebijakan di Parlemen.
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In this context, IRE held a capacity building program among think tank NGOs had concerned to influence public policy agenda, especially in parliament. This joint program would focus on the issue of “Peningkatan Kapasitas Advokasi Kebijakan dan Strategi Komunikasi untuk Lembaga Riset di Indonesia” (Capacity Building of Policy Advocacy and Communication Strategy for Research Institutions in Indonesia).
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a strategic move to renew political communication pattern between think tank NGO with the policy makers (read: parliament) in the context of encouraging quality public policy. From the experience of NGOs, the occurrence of the new members of the Parliament was also a momentum to reorganize, do learning process to strengthen the human resource capacity of researchers and institutions in carrying out the role as think tank institutions.
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This capacity building was not only about the quality of knowledge product but also about how to package the product resulted from the research activities to be able to be disseminated into public discourse, and had relevance to policy agendas in the Parliament. In addition, the capacity building was also directed to strengthen the communication strategy of think tank NGOs in influencing the stages in the discussion of legislation. Bringing think tank NGOs closer was conducted by knowing the situation and the constellation of political and institutional mechanisms more which were related to the processes and mechanisms of decision making in the determination of policy product in Parliament.
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Rangkaian Kegiatan 1. Workshop I “Menghubungkan Isu-Isu Masyarakat Sipil dalam Pembuatan Kebijakan Publik di Era Parlemen 2014-2019”. 2. Workshop II “Mempertemukan Agenda Masyarakat Sipil dengan Agenda Parlemen 2014-2019”. 3. Workshop III “Menjadikan Agenda Riset NGO Think tank sebagai Wacana Publik”. 4. Workshop IV “Mempertemukan Agenda Masyarakat Sipil dengan Kebijakan Daerah”. 5. Diskusi “Komunikasi Pengetahuan Masyarakat Sipil kepada Pengambil Kebijakan”.
Hasil dan Capaian
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Pertama, terfasilitasinya penguatan kapasitas NGO think tank dalam melakukan advokasi kebijakan melalui strategi komunikasi efektif, khususnya yang tergabung dalam PRN. Sejauh ini anggota PRN adalah PraKarsa, Demos, IRE, CSIS, TII, Yappika, ICW, FITRA, Lakspedam NU, Formappi, WRI, Puskapol UI, LPEM UI dan Paramadina Public Policy Institute - Universitas Paramadina.
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Kedua, berkembangnya kesepahaman dalam pengembangan strategi komunikasi kebijakan melalui sharing pengetahuan antara NGO think tank yang tergabung dalam PRN dengan para pemegang kebijakan. Pihak pemegang kebijakan yang terjalin sejauh ini adalah Sekretariat Jenderal perundangundangan DPR RI dan anggota DPR RI. Jalinan komunikasi ini terajut melalui serangkaian workshop dan diskusi lainnya terkait dengan dinamika dan proses pengambilan kebijakan di parlemen.
3 1. Workshop I “Menghubungkan Isu-Isu Masyarakat Sipil dalam Pembuatan Kebijakan Publik di Era Parlemen 2014-2019” (Linking Issues on Civil Society in Public Policy Making in the Parliament Era of 2014-2019) 2. Workshop II “Mempertemukan Agenda Masyarakat Sipil dengan Agenda Parlemen 2014-2019” (Matching the Agenda of Civil Society and the Parliament of 2014-2019) 3. Workshop III “Menjadikan Agenda Riset NGO Think tank sebagai Wacana Publik” (Making the Research Agenda of Think Tank NGOs as Public Discourse) 4. Workshop IV “Mempertemukan Agenda Masyarakat Sipil dengan Kebijakan Daerah” (Matching the Agenda of Civil Society and Local Policies)
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The Series of Activities
5. Discussion “Komunikasi Pengetahuan Masyarakat Sipil kepada Pengambil Kebijakan” (The Knowledge Communication between Civil Society and the Policy Makers)
Firstly, the capacity building of think tank NGOs in conducting policy advocacy through effective communication strategies, particularly for those under PRN can be facilitated. So far, the members of PRN are PraKarsa, Demos, IRE, CSIS, TII, Yappika, ICW, FITRA, Lakspedam NU, Formappi, WRI, Puskapol UI, LPEM UI and Paramadina Public Policy Institute – University of Paramadina. Secondly, the understanding in the development of policy communication strategies through knowledge sharing between think tank NGOs incorporated under PRN with policy makers develops. The Policy Makers until now are the Secretary of General of Law of DPR RI and the members of DPR RI.
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Results and Achievements
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Pelajaran Berharga Produksi pengetahuan yang selama ini dilakukan oleh lembaga think tank (NGO, Lembaga Penelitian di Perguruan Tinggi) ternyata belum tentu sesuai dengan kebutuhan penyusunan kebijakan. Pertemuan antara gagasan memproduksi pengetahuan dengan rencana mempergunakan pengetahuan untuk kebijakan menjadi penting dan mendesak. Cara yang dipandang tepat untuk kebutuhan ini adalah strategi komunikasi kebijakan. Dalam rangkaian kegiatan yang diinisiasi IRE dan didukung Prorep USAID ini telah merintis pengembangan strategi komunikasi kebijakan antara lembaga think tank (PRN) dengan para pemangku legislasi di DPR RI. Mereka membutuhkan pasokan produk-produk pengetahuan untuk menopang proses legislasi, tentu produk pengetahuan yang sesuai dengan Prolegnas.
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Rekomendasi
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Dari pelajaran berharga yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini bisa direkomendasikan beberapa hal penting. Pertama, lembaga think tank harus terhubung dengan agenda Prolegnas. Bisa aktif mempengaruhi agar isu-isu strategis versi masyarakat sipil menjadi agenda Prolegnas. Jalan tempuh lain bisa juga melalui penyiapan produk naskah akademik dan legislative drafting yang aktif dikomunikasikan ke pimpinan DPR, Fraksi maupun Panitia Khusus dan Panitia Kerja DPR RI. Kedua, aktif mengkomunikasikan gagasan kebijakan ke publik. Media massa mainstream dan media sosial bisa digunakan sebagai arena untuk melakukan kampanye gagasan dan menggalang dukungan atas gagasan kebijakan yang diproduksi oleh lembaga think tank.
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Lessons Learned The production of knowledge that has been done by think tank institutions (NGO, Institutes for Research in Higher Education) do not necessarily correspond with the needs of policy making. Matching the idea of producing knowledge with the plan to use the knowledge for policies became important and urgent. The appropriate way for this need is policy communication strategies. The series of activities initiated by IRE and supported by ProRep USAID has pioneered the development of policy communication strategies between think tank institutions (PRN) with legislation makers in the House of Representatives. They need a supply of some knowledge products to support the legislation process, of course the knowledge products which are in line with the National Legislation Program.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
This communication has been intertwined through a series of workshops and other discussions related to the dynamics and the policy making process in Parliament.
From the lessons learned gained from those activities, there are some important recommendations. First, think tank institutions must be connected with the Agenda of Prolegnas and can actively influence so that the strategic issues from civil society can be the Agenda of Prolegnas. The other way can be by preparing academic papers and legislative drafting which are actively communicated to the Head of the House of Representatives, faction, or the Special Committee and the Working Committee of DPR RI. Second, they must actively communicate policy ideas to the public. Mainstream mass media and social media can be used as an arena to campaign ideas and garner support for the policy ideas produced by think tank institutions.
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Recommendations
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3. Riset Komparasi Tatakelola Think Tank di
Indonesia dan Amerika Latin Latar Belakang Riset ini bertemakan studi komparasi lembaga think tank di Indonesia dan Amerika Latin. Studi di Amerika Latin mengambil kasus CAPED (Paraguai), Grupo FARO (Ekuador) dan Fundación ARU (Bolivia). Sementara itu, riset di Indonesia mengambil kasus Jawa Pos Institute for Pro-Otonomi, The SMERU Research Institute, dan IRE. Partisipasi IRE didukung oleh KSI. Selain KSI, program yang dikelola oleh On Think Thanks ini juga didanai oleh Program Think Thank dari Initiative Institute of Development Research Center dan Program Think Thanks Fund dari Open Society Foundation.
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Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana lembaga think tank bekerja secara efektif. Caranya dengan melihat tiap elemen-elemen kunci antara lain value proposition, governance, leadership, human resource management, funding structure, dan financial management. Pemilihan elemen kunci ini didasarkan pada sejumlah review atas literatur tentang model bisnis lembaga think tank. Istilah model bisnis ini mungkin terdengar terlalu berkarakter pasar. Di Amerika Serikat, istilah governance atau tata kelola internal lembaga lebih familiar ketimbang business model ketika membahas pengelolaan think tank sebagai bagian dari civil society dan nonprofit.
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3 Governance in Indonesia and Latin America Background The theme of this research was comparative studies of think tank in Indonesia and Latin America. The studies in Latin America took the case of Caped (Paraguay), Grupo FARO (Ecuador), and Fundación ARU (Bolivia). Meanwhile, the researches in Indonesia took the case of Jawa Pos Institute for Pro-Autonomy, the SMERU Research Institute, and IRE. The participation of IRE was supported by KSI. In addition to KSI, the program managed by On Think Thanks was also funded by Think Thank Program from Initiative Institute of Development Research Center dan Think Thanks Fund from Open Society Foundation Program.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
3. Comparative Research on the Think Tank
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The purpose of this study was to understand how think tank institutions work effectively. It was conducted by looking at each of the key elements such as value proposition, governance, leadership, human resource management, funding structure, and financial management. The selection of the key elements was based on the review of literature on business models of think tank institutions. The term of business model may sound too market characterized. In the United States, the term of governance or internal governance of institutions is more familiar than business model when discussing think tank management as part of civil society and nonprofit organizations.
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
Rangkaian Kegiatan Inisiatif program ini cukup unik. Para peneliti dari 9 lembaga think tank pertama kali bertemu di Lima, Peru untuk menyepakati tema riset kolaborasi. Pertemuan setelahnya adalah di Jakarta (September 2014), Quito (Ekuador, April 2015) dan selanjutnya di Rio de Janeiro (Brazil, September 2015). Di sela-sela pertemuan tersebut, para peneliti, pengelola program The Exchange dan external rutin berdiskusi terkait pengerjaan riset maupun konsultasi. Perbedaan waktu cukup menjadi tantangan. Misalnya, mengatur diskusi via skype melibatkan peneliti IRE, mitra di Buenos Aires (Argentina), dan reviewer di London (Inggris) butuh persetujuan waktu yang memungkinkan semua pihak bisa berpartisipasi. Perkembangan sejauh ini, penelitian lapangan sudah dilakukan. Data yang terkumpul sedang dianalisis. Interpretasi atas berbagai temuan dipandu oleh para reviewer internasional. Para peneliti berdiskusi dan berkonsultasi melalui email dan diskusi via skype. Di akhir penelitian, para peneliti akan menghasilkan enam studi kasus dan satu paper sintesis yang merupakan abstraksi dari ke-enam kasus tersebut. Di samping itu, secara rutin update hasil studi juga ditulis di blog onthinktank.org. Program ini akan berakhir pada September 2015. Ada harapan besar bahwa para partisipan akan meneruskan kolaborasi.
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Pelajaran Berharga
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Pelajaran berharga dari riset ini antara lain, pertama, adanya jejaring think tanks di Negara-negara yang demokrasinya sedang tumbuh. Di Eropa Timur, Amerika Laitn maupun Asia Tenggara, kebutuhan akan adanya komunitas epistemic berupa lembaga riset yang menyuplai input rekomendasi kebijakan sangatlah penting. Jejaring ini memungkinkan adanya pertukaran wawasan dan pengalaman. Kedua, seiring proses kolaborasi berjalan, makin nyata bahwa yang terpenting adalah komitmen. Acap, inisiasi kolaborasi kandas
3 The initiative of this program was quite unique. Researchers from nine think tanks firstly met in Lima, Peru to make an agreement on the theme of the collaborative research. The next meeting was in Jakarta (September 2014), Quito (Ecuador, April 2015), and in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil, September 2015). In the space between meetings, the researchers, program managers of The Exchange and external regularly discussed how to conduct the research and consultation. Different time zone was quite challenging. For example, to set a discussion via Skype involving the researchers of IRE, partner in Buenos Aires (Argentina), and reviewer in London (England) needed the agreement of time that enabled all parties to participate. The progress until the report was written was that the field research had been conducted. The collected data were analyzing. The interpretation of the findings was guided by the international reviewers. The researchers discussed and consulted via email and skype. At the end of the study, the researchers would produce six case studies and a synthesis paper which was an abstraction of the six cases. In addition, the update of the results of the study was also regularly written in the blog onthinktank.org. The program would end in September 2015. There is great expectation that the participants will continue the collaboration.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
The Series of Activities
The valuable lessons to be learned from this research include, first, that there is a network of think tanks in the countries in where the democracy is growing. In Eastern Europe, Latin America and Southeast Asia, the need for epistemic community in the form of research institutes that supply the input of policy recommendations is very essential. This network enables the exchange of insights and experiences. Second, as the process of collaboration runs, it becomes more evident
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Lessons Learned
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
sebab antar pihak meributkan pembagian sumber daya atau beban. Idealnya, semisal ingin mengajukan proposal bersama ke lembaga donor, semangatnya adalah berbagi pengetahuan dan bukan mengejar profit. Kultur berbagi pengetahuan dan rendah hati menjadi kunci.
Rekomendasi Program ini merupakan proyek ujicoba. Karena didanai lembaga donor, keberlanjutannya sulit diprediksi. Dari sisi keberlanjutan kolaborasi, rekomendasi yang penting adalah perlunya skema exit strategy. Skema ini berupa fasilitasi penyusunan rencana kolaborasi di masa mendatang, sekaligus fasilitasi para partisipan untuk berkomunikasi dengan lembaga donor yang relevan. Perkembangan sejauh ini, IRE dan CADEP telah menjajaki dengan Hewlett Packard Foundation berkaitan dengan pendalaman studi kasus. Dari sisi substansi penelitian, riset ini merekomendasikan agar aspek governance dari lembaga think tanks perlu mendapat perhatian sebagai kajian. Selama ini, fokus riset yang ada didominasi oleh kajian strategi advokasi think tank atau dimensi pertautan politik antara think tank dengan kekuasaan. Akibatnya, think tank sedikit memperoleh input perihal bagaimana mengelola organisasi yang baik.
3.2.
Klaster Pembaharuan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan
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Latar Belakang
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Tahun 2014 adalah tahun pertama pelaksanaan UU Desa. Perbincangan tentang UU Desa menyeruak mulai dari level Pemerintah Pusat hingga Pemerintahan Desa. Isu yang diperbincangkan juga beragam mulai dari isu dana desa hingga persoalan pendampingan desa. Berbagai kegiatan juga dilakukan mulai dari seminar, sosialisasi hingga pelatihan terutama mengkaji isi UU Desa hingga membahas strategi implementasinya.
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Recommendations This program was a pilot project. Because it was funded by donor institution, the continuity is difficult to predict. In terms of the continuity of the collaboration, the important thing is the need of exit strategy. The scheme is in the form of facilitation for the formulation of future collaboration planning and the facilitation for participants to communicate with the relevant donors. The progress so far is that IRE and CADEP has been exploring with the Hewlett Packard Foundation associated with the deepening of the case study. In terms of the substance of the study, this research recommends that the governance aspect of think tank institutions needs attention as a study. So far, the focus of research is dominated by the study of think tank advocacy strategy or the dimension of political linkage between think tank and power. As a result, think tank just gains little input about how to manage a good organization.
Governance and Policy Reform Cluster Background 2014 was the first year of the implementation of Village Law. The discussion about Village Law rose from the central government level to village government. The issues discussed were also varied from village funds to village assistance issues. Various activities were also conducted ranging from seminars, socialization to training, especially examining the contents of Village Law to discuss the implementation strategies.
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3.2.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
that the most important thing is commitment. Often, the initiation of collaboration founder because the parties fight over the distribution of resources or loads. Ideally, if the parties want to submit a joint proposal to the donor, the spirit is knowledge sharing and not the pursuit of profit. The culture of knowledge sharing and humility is the key.
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
Sebagai lembaga yang sejak awal terlibat dalam advokasi desa termasuk dalam mendorong munculnya regulasi tentang Desa, IRE melalui klaster Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan juga merespon tahun pertama pelaksanaan UU Desa dengan berbagai kegiatan mulai dari kegiatan diskusi hingga pelatihan yang dilaksanakan di berbagai daerah. Kegiatan ini sekaligus wujud komitmen IRE dalam mengawal pelaksanaan UU Desa. Sementara di level lokal, isu yang sangat menarik perhatian adalah Keistimewaan Yogyakarta. Maraknya respon terhadap Keistimewaan Yogyakarta bisa dimaklumi karena regulasi ini mengokohkan kesatuan antara institusi Raja Yogyakarta dengan institusi Gubernur DIY. Isu lain adalah persoalan tata kelembagaan antara institusi keraton dengan institusi pemerintah daerah.
3.2.1. Kegiatan Klaster Latar Belakang
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Isu tata kelola pemerintahan di seputar tahun politik sungguh menarik dicermati. Klaim program pemerintah, politisasi kebijakan hingga anggaran adalah persoalan yang berkembang pada tahun 2014. Program yang dilakukan Klaster Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan juga merespon berbagai isu yang berkembang dengan menyelenggarakan berbagai kegiatan mulai dari diskusi bulanan hingga kegiatan lokakarya.
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Sementara di level kota Yogyakarta, isu Keistimewaan Yogyakarta menjadi persoalan yang menarik dicermati terutama soal aspek kelembagaan dan respon berbagai aktor terkait pelaksanaan status Keistimewaan di Yogyakarta. Selain menyelenggarakan diskusi bulanan, Klaster Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan juga menyusun proposal riset yang khusus menyoroti persoalan kelembagaan Keistimewaan Yogyakarta.
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On the other hand, at the local level, the issue which was very interesting was the Privilege of Yogyakarta. The rise of the response to the Privilege of Yogyakarta was understandable because these regulations strengthen the unity between the institution of the King of Yogyakarta and the institution of the Governor of Yogyakarta. Another issue was the institutional system between the institution of the palace with the institution of the local government.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
As an institution that since the beginning was engaged in village advocacy including to encourage the existence of regulations on village, IRE through Governance and Policy Reform Cluster also responded the first year of the implementation of Village Law by conducting various activities from discussions to training in various regions. These activities were the commitment of IRE to oversee the implementation of Village Law.
3.2.1. The Activities of the Cluster Background
On the other side, at the level of the city of Yogyakarta, the issue on the Privilege of Yogyakarta became interesting to be observed mainly about the institutional aspects and the responses of the relevant actors connected to the implementation of the Privilege of Yogyakarta. In addition to organizing monthly discussions, Governance and Policy Reform Cluster also prepared research proposals that specifically highlighted the institutional issues on the Privilege of Yogyakarta.
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Governance issues surrounding the year of politics is really interesting to be observed. The problems on the claims of the government program, the politicization of policies until budget was growing in 2014. The programs carried by Governance and Policy Reform Cluster also responded to various growing issues by organizing a variety of activities ranging from monthly discussions to workshop activities.
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Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
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Pertama, rangkaian diskusi bulanan dilaksanakan dalam rangka merespon isu-isu faktual terkait governance dan policy, memperoleh dukungan pendanaan dari program KSI. 1. Diskusi bulanan tentang “Prospek Keistimewaan Yogyakarta Pasca Pengesahan UU Keistimewaan”, pada 26 Maret 2014. Narasumber diskusi adalah Agung Kurniawan (Budayawan Jogja), Krisnadi Setyawan (Sekretaris Forum Masyarakat Untuk Keistimewaan DIY/FORMAIS DIY) dan M. Zainal Anwar (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta). Diskusi ini memperbincangkan aktualisasi keistimewaan guna mendorong hadirnya tata kehidupan yang tidak saja bercirikan pertumbuhan eknomi tetapi juga kesejahteraan dan keadilan sosial. 2. Tema tentang masa depan UU Desa dalam perhelatan pemilihan presiden 2014. Diskusi ini dilaksanakan pada 4 Juli 2014. Diskusi ini dilaksanakan untuk merespon isu desa yang saat itu menjadi tema kampanye para kandidat. Kegiatan yang dihadiri antara lain Dr. Bayu Wahyono, membahas bahwa antara prinsip normatif dengan praksis dan budaya masyarakat masih terjadi gap. Demokrasi belum sepenuhnya menjadi praktik dan baru sebatas norma hukum. Hal ini tak mengherankan, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh banyaknya warga yang justru memilih kandidat dengan track record buruk di bidang hak azasi manusia. Wacana demokrasi di perkotaan dan kaum kelas menengah belum tersambung dengan kebanyakan warga di desa. Dengan konteks kesadaran politik seperti ini, agar UU Desa bisa efektif, penting dilakukan pendidikan politik agar warga bisa memilih kandidat yang memiliki track record positif dan mendukung proses demokrasi desa. 3. Merespons akan ditetapkannya RUU Pilkada, IRE mengadakan diskusi dengan tema “Menggalang Gerakan Sosial Pasca-penetapan RUU Pilkada” pada tanggal
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2. The second was a discussion with the theme of the future of Village Law in the event of presidential election in 2014. The discussion was held on July 4, 2014. The discussion was held to respond to the issue of village that became the theme of the campaign of the candidates. The discussion attended by Dr. Bayu Wahyono discussed that there was still a gap between the principle of normative praxis and the culture of society. Democracy had not completely been a practice yet and was merely the norm of law. It was not surprising, as demonstrated by the fact that many people chose candidates with a poor track record in the field of human rights. The discourse of democracy in urban society and middle class people had not connected with most of the people in villages. With the context of this political consciousness, in order to make Village Law effective, it was important to do political education so that people could vote for the candidates with a positive track record and support the democratic process of village.
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1. There was a monthly discussion on “Prospek Keistimewaan Yogyakarta Pasca Pengesahan UU Keistimewaan” (The Prospect of the Privilege of Yogyakarta After the enactment of the Law on the Privilege), on March 26, 2014. The keynote speakers of the discussion were Agung Kurniawan (Cultural Expertof Jogja), Krisnadi Setyawan (Community Forum for the Privilege of Yogyakarta/ FORMAIS DIY), and M. Zainal Anwar (The Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta). This discussion talked about the actualization of the Privilege in order to encourage life that is characterized by not only the growth of economics but also welfare and social justice.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
First, a series of monthly discussions carried out in order to respond to the factual issues related to governance and policy, obtained funding support from KSI program.
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29 September 2014. Hadir sebagai pembicara dalam diskusi tersebut adalah Arie Sujito (Peneliti IRE), Mada Sukmajati (Dosen Fisipol UGM), dan Iranda Yudhatama (Direktur Swara Nusa). Diskusi tersebut dilakukan untuk menggalang konsolidasi gerakan sipil di Yogyakarta, khususnya untuk memperkuat peran masyarakat sipil pasca-lahirnya UU Pilkada. 4. Diskusi bulanan dengan tema “Satu Tahun UndangUndang Desa” pada tanggal 15 Desember 2014. Adapun narasumber diskusi adalah Edi Suprianta (Kepala Balai PMD DIY), Ani Widayani (Kepala Desa SumbermulyoBantul-DIY dan Ketua Asosiasi Kades se-Bantul-DIY), dan M. Zainal Anwar (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta). Diskusi ini mengurai berbagai isu yang muncul pasca disahkannya UU Desa pada Desember 2013. Disamping itu, forum diskusi juga memperbincangkan berbagai langkah strategis untuk optimalisasi pelaksanaan UU Desa pada tahun mendatang.
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Kedua, pada tahun 2014, Klaster Governance and Policy Reform menyelesaikan proposal riset yang sudah didesain sejak satu tahun terakhir. Proposal riset tersebut bertajuk “Pasca Keistimewaan: Desain Kelembagaan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.” Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencari dan menyediakan alternatif pemikiran tentang prasyarat utama dalam memformulasikan kebijakan nasional terkait pengesahan daerah khusus/daerah istimewa. Secara khusus, studi ini akan menyediakan alternatif gagasan tentang desain kelembagaan yang sedang dikembangkan di DIY.
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Jika ditelisik lebih mendalam, pasca pengesahan UU No 13 Tahun 2012 tentang Keistimewaan Yogyakarta, kelembagaan pemerintahan di DIY mengalami penambahan. Dari sebelumnya hanya dinaungi oleh pemerintahan daerah (UU No 32/2004) bertambah dinaungi pula oleh pemerintahan daerah istimewa (UU No 13/2012). Ternyata secara fakta sosial budaya, kehidupan masyarakat Yogyakarta pun dinaungi
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Second, in 2014, Governance and Policy Reform Cluster completed a research proposal that had been designed for one year. The title of the research proposal was “Pasca Keistimewaan: Desain Kelembagaan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta” (Post Privilege: Institutional Design of the Special Region of Yogyakarta/ DIY). The study aimed to find and provide alternative thoughts on major prerequisite in formulating national policies related to the legalization of special region. In particular, the study would provide an alternative notion on institutional design which was being developed in DIY.
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4. The last was a monthly discussion with the theme of “Satu Tahun Undang-Undang Desa” (One Year of Village Law) on December 15, 2014. The keynote speakers of the discussion were Edi Suprianta (The Head of the PMD DIY), Ani Widayani (The Head of Sumbermulyo Village-Bantul, DIY and the Chairman of the Village Head Association of Bantul -DIY), and M. Zainal Anwar (A Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta). This discussion explored various issues that arose after the enactment of Village Law in December 2013. In addition, the discussion forum also discussed various strategic steps to optimize the implementation of Village Law in the coming year.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
3. In response to the enactment of RUU Pilkada (the Bill of Local Election), IRE held a discussion with the theme of “Menggalang Gerakan Sosial Pasca-penetapan RUU Pilkada” (Mobilizing Social Movements After the Enactment of the Bill of Local Election) on September 29, 2014. The keynote speakers of the discussion were Arie Sujito (A Researcher of IRE), Mada Sukmajati (A Lecturer of Social and Political Science of UGM), and Iranda Yudhatama (The Director of Swara Nusa). The discussion was conducted to raise the consolidation of the civil movement in Yogyakarta, particularly to strengthen the role of civil society after the enactment of the Law of Local Election.
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
pula oleh Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta. Dengan demikian bisa diartikan bahwa Yogyakarta sekarang ini dikelola oleh tiga kelembagaan yang berjalan bersamaan dan berhimpit satu sama lainnya. Dengan memanfaatkan perspektif governance reform dan perspektif kelembagaan, riset dengan metode kualitatif ini ingin menelusuri desain kelembagaan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta sebagai instrumen operasional dalam rangka mempergunakan kekhususannya atau keistimewaannya untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Ada tiga aspek studi desain kelembagaan yang menarik diterapkan untuk mengelaborasi daerah khusus dan istimewa ini, yaitu; i) aspek regulasi atau norma-norma khusus dan keistimewaan, ii) aspek aktor dan relasi antar aktor, iii) aspek budaya berdaerah khusus dan istimewa. Sebagai langkah awal, studi ini akan dilakukan terlebih dulu di DIY sebagai kasus yang kemudian hasilhasilnya akan dikembangkan lebih lanjut dalam penelitian berikutnya.
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Pelajaran Berharga
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Tanpa disadari, diskusi bulanan yang diselenggarakan selama ini telah menjadi wahana atau ruang publik untuk memperbincangkan berbagai isu terkait tata kelola pemerintahan dan kebijakan. Isu yang dibahas juga terentang mulai level nasional hingga lokal. Walaupun tidak selalu diakhiri dengan solusi, paling tidak forum diskusi bulanan telah membuka wacana publik terkait isu tertentu. Secara tidak langsung, forum diskusi bulanan juga telah menjadi ajang pertemuan diantara para aktivis NGO, mahasiswa, jurnalis dan berbagai profesi lain sehingga ajang diskusi bulanan juga memiliki berbagai sudut pandang yang beragam.
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By using the perspective of governance reform and institutional perspective, this research, employing qualitative method, wanted to explore the institutional design of the Special Region of Yogyakarta as an operational instrument in order to use their privileges for the welfare of the people. There were three aspects of institutional design that are interesting to be applied to elaborate this special and privileged region, namely; i) the aspects of regulations or specific norms and privilege, ii) the aspects of actors and the relation between the actors, iii) the cultural aspects of special and privileged region. As the initial step, the study would be done first in DIY as the case in which the results will be further developed in further researches.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
If examined deeper, after the enactment of Law No. 13 of 2012 on the Privilege of Yogyakarta, there is addition in government institutions in DIY. Previously, they were under local government (Law No. 32/2004) but now also under the government of special region (Law No. 13/2012). In fact, in terms of socio-cultural condition, the life of the people of Yogyakarta is also under the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta. It could thus be interpreted that Yogyakarta is now managed by three institutions that run simultaneously and coincide each other.
Unconsciously, the monthly discussions held have become a vehicle or public space to discuss various issues related to governance and policy. The issues discussed also ranged from the national to the local level. Although it did not always end up with a solution, at least monthly discussion forum has opened up public discourse related to a particular issue. Indirectly, the monthly discussion forums have also been the meeting space between NGO activists, students, journalists and various other professions so that the monthly discussions also had a wide range of viewpoints.
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Lessons Learned
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Rekomendasi Selama ini, substansi hasil diskusi bulanan selalu ditulis dan disebarkan melalui website IRE. Berita yang ada di web juga disebarkan melalui saranan media sosial. Tetapi, untuk memperluas jangkauan, salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan adalah dengan bekerjasama pihak lain. Kemitraan ini tidak hanya berguna untuk diseminasi hasil tetapi juga bermanfaat untuk memperluas jaringan. Isu-isu yang dibahas dalam diskusi bulanan IRE penting ditindaklanjuti oleh lembaga-lembaga di perguruan tinggi, LSM dan pemangku kebijakan. Karena itu tantangan ke depan adalah mempertemukan gagasan-gagasan yang muncul dalam diskusi bulanan IRE dengan lembaga-lembaga tersebut.
3.2.2. Kegiatan Kerja Sama IRE dalam Isu Pembaharuan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan IRE melalui klaster Pembaharuan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan juga melakukan sejumlah kerja sama dalam lingkup isu governance reform dan policy. Terdapat 3 kerja sama yang dilakukan IRE dengan pihak lain baik yang bersifat meneruskan kerjasama tahun sebelmya maupun kerjasama baru. 1. Kerjasama IRE dengan Plan International
Indonesia
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Latar Belakang
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Urusan kesehatan sanitasi lingkungan sejatinya menjadi urusan wajib yang harus diurus oleh kabupaten. Namun sejauh ini, urusan dasar masyarakat tersebut menjadi miskin kebijakan dan sepi menjadi program/kegiatan daerah. Plan Internasional Indonesia kebetulan sedang mengelola program STBM di lima kabuaten di Propinsi NTT. Dalam rangka melembagakan urusan wajib di bidang kesehatan ini menjadi kebijakan dan program/kegiatan daerah, pada bulan
3 Until now, the substance of the results of the monthly discussions have been always written and disseminated through IRE’s website. The news on the web was also disseminated through social media. However, to extend the range, one of the strategies that can be used is cooperation with other parties. This partnership is not only useful for the dissemination of results but also beneficial to expand the network. The issues discussed in IRE’s monthly discussions are important IRE to be followed up by institutions at universities, NGOs and policy makers. Therefore, the future is to bring the ideas appearing in IRE’s monthly discussions together with those institutions.
3.2.2. The Collaborative Projects of IRE on the Governance and Policy Reform Issues
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
Recommendation
IRE through Governance and Policy Reform Cluster also conducted a number of cooperation in the context of governance and policy reform. There were 3 collaborative projects conducted by IRE with other parties in either the continuation of the previous year collaborative project or new collaborative projects. 1. The Cooperation between IRE and Plan
International Indonesia
Health matter on environmental sanitation must be the concern of the district. However, so far, that basic issue has lacked of policies and local programs/ activities. Fortunately, Plan International Indonesia was managing the STBM programs (People-Based Total Sanitation) in five districts in NTT Province. In order to institutionalize this obligatory matter in health sector into policies and programs / local activities,
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Background
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Maret-Juli 2014, IRE diminta oleh Plan International Indonesia untuk melatih kapasitas tim STBM Kecamatan dan Kelompok Kerja Air Minum dan Penyehatan Lingkungan (Pokja AMPL) di lima kabupaten di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Daerah-daerah yang menjadi lokasi peningkatan kapasitas meliputi Kabupaten Sabu Raijua, Kupang, Ngada, Ende dan Manggarai. Pelatihan Advokasi STBM dalam Musyarwarah Perencanaan Pembangunan Kecamatan bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman secara mendetail terkait proses pelaksanaan Musrenbang Kecamatan dan kemampuan untuk mengadvokasikan serta memastikan isu STBM masuk ke dalam hasil Musrenbang Kecamatan dan Musrenbang Kabupaten sebagai isu prioritas. Kegiatan ini dirancang tidak sekedar pelatihan meningkatkan pengetahuan saja, tetapi juga dilengkapi meningkatkan keterampilan dan kemauan melakukan kebijakan dan perencanaan program/kegiatan serta penganggaran.
Rangkaian kegiatan
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Selain materi kelas, training ini dipadukan dengan kunjungan dan dialog antara tim STBM Kecamatan dengan panitia Musrenbang Kecamatan. Tujuannya agar para peserta training familiar dan bisa berdiskusi.
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Pelatihan ini kemudian dilanjutkan dengan upaya pengawalan dalam forum SKPD. Strategi yang dipilih yakni konsinyering SKPD-SKPD yang menjadi pokja AMPL. Di forum ini masing-masing SKPD diminta mempresentasikan rancangan rencana kerjanya untuk melihat sejauh mana program STBM telah masuk. Diskusi dan input diberikan oleh IRE dan koordinator Pokja AMPL. Konsinyering juga menyepakati agenda penguatan Pokja AMPL. Pokja ini diharapkan menjadi simpul yang mengorganisir dan mengonsolidasi program-program lintas SKPD yang berkaitan dengan air minum dan penyehatan lingkungan.
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STBM Advocacy Training in Musrenbang (Development Planning Meeting) the District Development Planning aimed to provide a detailed understanding related to the implementation process of Sub-district Musrenbang and the ability to advocate and ensure STBM issues to be the result of Sub-district and District Musrenbang as priority issues. These activities were designed as a training not only to increase knowledge but also to improve skills and willingness to implement the policies, planning of programs / activities, and budgeting.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
in March-July 2014, IRE was requested by Plan International Indonesia to train the capacity of Sub-district STBM team and Sanitation and Drinking Water Working Group (Pokja AMPL) in five districts in East Nusa Tenggara Province. The regions becoming the locations for capacity building included Sabu Raijua, Kupang, Ngada, Ende, and Manggarai.
The Series of Activities
This training was followed by the effort of overseeing in the SKPD forum. The strategy chosen was the FGD of SKPDs that became the working group of AMPL. In this forum, each SKPD was asked to present the draft of its work plan to look at how far the program of STBM had entered. Discussion and input were provided by IRE and the coordinator of the working group of AMPL. The FGD also agreed the agenda to strengthen the working group of AMPL. The Working Group was expected to be a knot that organized and consolidated cross SKPD programs related to drinking water and sanitation.
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In addition to classroom materials, the training was combined with visits and dialogues between Sub-district STBM team with Sub-district Musrenbang Committee. The goal was that the participants of the training could be familiar to each other and have discussions.
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Terakhir adalah pelatihan advokasi dalam proses penganggaran. Dalam pelatihan ini, selain unsur SKPD-SKPD anggota Pokja AMPL, diundang pula anggota DPRD yang berasal dari Komisi C. Hadirnya anggota dewan, memberikan kesempatan bagi para peserta untuk berdialog perihal pentingnya kesepahaman antara SKPD dengan DPRD guna mendorong penganggaran daerah yang pro STBM. Di akhir program Plan International Indonesia, IRE turut diundang untuk mendiskusikan hasil evaluasi program.
Pelajaran Berharga Beberapa hasil yang menggembirakan adalah adanya item anggaran STBM di sejumlah APBD kabupaten. Tentunya, ini adalah hasil kerja keras segenap Tim Plan. Namun setidaknya, substansi training terutama strategi advokasi dalam rangka melembagakan STBM dalam perencanaan daerah kiranya juga menjadi insight yang menjadi bekal advokasi.
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Rekomendasi
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Kegiatan ini menghasilkan rekomendasi berkaitan dengan advokasi kebijakan yang efektif. Pertama, elemen masyarakat sipil seperti Plan Indonesia memang penting untuk membangun prototype program. Namun pada akhirnya yang memiliki mandat adalah pemerintah. Karena itu, program yang berplatform community development sekalipun penting untuk melakukan advokasi kepada pemerintah agar program teranggarkan dan tereplikasi dalam kebijakan. Kedua, Program Plan Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa advokasi, terlebih di area sanitasi, memerlukan kapasitas untuk menghadirkan evidence agar pemangku kebijakan mengakomodasi substansi advokasi. Dalam program Plan Indonesia, ditunjukkan data-data kuantitatif tentang dampak penyakit ketika platform STBM belum atau tidak dijalankan sebagai dasar kegiatan dan pembanding atas output kegiatan.
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At the end of the Plan International Indonesia programs, IRE was invited to discuss the evaluation results of the programs.
Lessons Learned Some encouraging results are the budget items of STBM in a number of the District APBD (District Revenue and Expenditure Budget). Obviously, this is the result of hard work of the whole Plan team. However, at least, the substance of training, especially advocacy strategy in order to institutionalize STBM in regional planning has become the provision for advocacy.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
The last was the advocacy training in the budgeting process. In this training, in addition to the SKPD members of AMPL, the members of DPRD (Regional House of Representatives) from Commission C were also invited. The presence of the members of Parliament provided an opportunity for participants to have a dialogue about the importance of understanding between SKPD with DPRD in order to encourage pro STBM local budgeting.
These activities have resulted in recommendations related to effective policy advocacy. First, the element of civil society such as Plan Indonesia is important to build a prototype program. However, in the end, the government is the one that has the mandate. Therefore, it is even important for community development programs to do advocacy to the government so that the programs can be budgeted and replicated in policies. Second, the programs of Plan Indonesia shows that advocacy, especially in the area of sanitation, require the capacity to provide evidence so that the policy makers can accommodate the substance of advocacy. In the programs of Plan Indonesia, there are quantitative data on the impact of diseases when the platform of STBM has not been or is not executed as the basis of activities and comparison for the output of the activities.
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Recommendations
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2. Kerjasama IRE dengan Pemdes Sendangadi
untuk Pelatihan Peningkatan Kapasitas Pemdes Sendangadi Latar Belakang Pemerintah Desa Sendangadi sangat menyadari bahwa dalam rangka menyongsong UU Desa, desa harus segera berbenah, dan yang paling utama harus dilakukan adalah meningkatkan kapasitas pemerintah desa, BPD, maupun lembaga kemasyarakatan yang ada di desa, agar memiliki pengetahuan yang utuh tentang UU Desa serta memiliki keterampilan teknokratis yang dibutuhkan dalam rangka menjalankan tugas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa.
Rangkaian Kegiatan
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Kegiatan pelatihan ini diselenggarakan selama 3 hari, dari tanggal 1-3 September 2014 bertempat di Joglo Winasis, Kantor IRE Yogyakarta, dengan menghadirkan 30 orang peserta yang berasal dari jajaran Pemerintahan Desa Sendangadi.
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Proses pelatihan ini lebih banyak memperkenalkan substansi dari UU Desa beserta aturan-aturan turunannya, yaitu PP No. 43 Tahun 2014 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan UU Desa dan PP No. 60 Tahun 2014 tentang Dana Desa. Selain itu, dikenalkan pula materi-materi seperti sistem Pemerintahan Desa, Penguatan Kelembagaan Desa, Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Desa hingga Penatausahaan Keuangan Desa. Proses pelatihan berlangsung sangat dinamis, dimana hampir seluruh peserta terlibat secara aktif dalam proses diskusi dengan menyampaikan pendapat dan masukan, bertanya secara kritis, hingga melakukan latihan-latihan secara serius.
3 Government of Sendangadi for the Capacity Building Training in the Village Government of Sendangadi Background The village government of Sendangadi realized that in order to welcome Village Law, villages should immediately be prepared, and the most important thing to do was the capacity building of the village government, BPD, and social institutions in the village. It should be done to have the whole knowledge on Village Law and technocratic skills required in order to carry out the task of village governance.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
2. The Cooperation between IRE and the Village
The Series of Activities
This training process introduced more on the substance of Village Law and its derivative rules, namely PP No. 43 of 2014 concerning the Implementation of Village Law and PP No. 60 of 2014 on Village Funds. In addition, it also introduced materials such as village government system, strengthening the institutionalization of village, Village Planning and Budgeting, and the Financial Administration of village. The training process ran dynamically where almost all participants were actively involved in the process of discussion by expressing their opinions and inputs, asking critically, and doing the exercises seriously.
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This training was held for 3 days, on September 1 – 3, 2014 at Joglo Winasis, the Office of IRE Yogyakarta, by presenting 30 participants who came from the Village Government of Sendangadi.
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Pelajaran Berharga Pelatihan ini dirasakan manfaatnya begitu besar oleh peserta, terbukti dari hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan di akhir sesi, ada banyak kesan positif yang disampaikan oleh peserta diantaranya bertambahnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan, sehingga Pemerintah Desa merasa lebih percaya diri dan lebih siap dalam menjalankan amanat UU Desa.
Rekomendasi Mempelajari dan mengimplementasikan substansi UU Desa memang tidak akan dapat dilakukan dalam waktu yang singkat. Pelatihan ini ke depannya perlu dikemas dalam silabus pelatihan yang lebih komprehensif sehingga pemahaman peserta bisa lebih sempurna. Selain itu, dibutuhkan pelatih yang memang tidak hanya menguasai teori saja tetapi pengalaman praksis bekerja di desa sehingga bisa bertukar pikiran dengan peserta pelatihan. 3. Kerjasama IRE dengan SHAW
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Latar Belakang
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Program STBM adalah aksi terpadu untuk menurunkan angka kejadian penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan (diare) dan meningkatkan perilaku higienis dan kualitas kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Para mitra SHAW telah bekerja di 9 kabupaten di 3 propinsi: NTT (Plan Indonesia, CD-Bethesda dan Yayasan Dian Desa), NTB (Yayasan Masyarakat Peduli) dan Papua (Rumsram). Kelima lembaga mitra SHAW melaksanakan program STBM di kawasan Indonesia Timur pada tahun 2010-2014 melalui kolaborasi masyarakat sipil dan pemerintah, baik pusat, daerah, desa dalam melakukan pemicuan, promosi/edukasi, pendampingan teknis, advokasi, monitoring, evaluasi dan verifikasi. Program STBM akan terus berlangsung, meski SHAW akan
3 The participants felt that the benefits were so big. It could be proven from the evaluation at the end of the session. There were many positive impression conveyed by the participants such as the increase in their knowledge and skills so that the village government felt more confident and better prepared to carry out the mandate of Village Law.
Recommendations Studying and implementing the substance of Village Law will not be able to be done in a short time. This training in the future needs to be packaged in a more comprehensive training syllabus so that the participants can more perfectly understand. In addition, it needs a coach who not only masters the theory but also has praxis experience in working in a village so he or she can exchange ideas with the participants.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
Lessons Learned
3. The Cooperation between IRE and SHAW
The STBM programs were an integrated action to reduce the incidence of environment-based infectious disease (diarrhea) and improve hygienic behavior and the quality of life of Indonesian people. The partners of SHAW had worked in 9 districts in three provinces: NTT (Plan Indonesia, CDBethesda and Dian Desa Foundation), NTB (Masyarakat Peduli Foundation), and Papua (Rumsram). The five partners of SHAW implemented the STBM programs in eastern Indonesia in 2010-2014 through the collaboration of civil society and the government, both central, and village to trigger and conduct promotion / education, technical assistance, advocacy, monitoring, evaluation and verification. STBM programs will still continue though SHAW ended its support for this program in June 2015. For that reason,
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Background
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mengakhiri dukungan program ini pada Juni 2015. Karena itu diperlukan jaminan keberlanjutan program STBM yang akan dikelola oleh masyarakat dan pemerintah (desa, kabupaten). Keberlanjutan program STBM ini memiliki peluang yang besar seiring diimplementasikannya UU Desa. Pemerintah kabupaten diwajibkan untuk mendelegasikan kewenangan desa dan sebagian dana perimbangan yang diperolehnya, sedangkan pemerintah desa berpeluang untuk menjadi desa yang berdaulat, mandiri dan demokratis dalam rangka mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Tantangan saat ini adalah integrasi program STBM ini dalam perencanaan daerah dan perencanaan desa di era pelaksanaan UU Desa.
Rangkaian Kegiatan Berdasarkan peluang dan tantangan yang ada ini, SHAW dan IRE Yogyakarta melakukan workshop bersama para mitra SHAW pada tanggal 9-11 Desember 2014 di Yogyakarta untuk mendalami pemahaman UU Desa sebagai peluang dan merefleksikan pengalaman mereka dalam menjalankan STBM sebagai tantangan.
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Workshop ini memiliki tujuan dan alur kegiatan; pertama, memperdalam pemahaman UU Desa secara komprehensif. Kedua, mengidentifikasi peluang dan tantangan untuk menjalankan program/kegiatan STBM di era UU Desa. Dan ketiga, merumuskan peta jalan pengembangan program/ kegiatan STBM yang berbasis pada kemitraan kritis antara masyarakat sipil dan pemerintahan desa.
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Pada akhir workshop, kelima lembaga mitra SHAW menyusun perencanaan program dan didiskusikan secara mendalam bersama fasilitator dari IRE melalui metode coaching clinic. Program yang dihasilkan menjadi action plan dalam pelembagaan program STBM yang dibawa dan direncanakan untuk dijalankan di wilayah kerja masing-masing lembaga.
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The challenge now is the integration of the STBM programs in the local planning and village planning in the era of the implementation of Village Law.
The Series of Activities
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
the guarantee for the continuity of this program that will be managed by the community and the governments (village and district) is necessary. The continuity of the STBM programs has a great opportunity as the implementation of Village Law. District government is required to delegate the authority of village and part of the balance funds obtained, while village government is likely to be sovereign, independent, and democratic village in order to realize the welfare of village communities.
Based on the opportunities and challenges, IRE Yogyakarta and SHAW conducted workshop with some partners of SHAW on September 9-11, 2014 in Yogyakarta to deepen understanding of Village Law as an opportunity and reflection for their experience in implementing STBM as a challenge.
At the end of the workshop, the five partner institutions of SHAW formulated the planning of the programs and discussed in depth with the facilitators from IRE through coaching clinic method. The program resulted became into action plan in the institutionalization the STBM programs taken and planned to run in the work area of each institution.
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This workshop had a purpose and flow of activities; the first was to deepen understanding of Village Law comprehensively. The second was to identify opportunities and challenges to run the programs / activities of STBM in the era of Village Law, and the third was to formulate a development roadmap of these programs / activities based on the critical partnership between civil society and village government.
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Pelajaran Berharga Pelajaran berharga yang dapat diperoleh dari workshop ini, antara lain; •
•
•
Pengetahuan dan pemahaman mitra SHAW tentang Desa beserta Peraturan Pemerintah terkait implementasi UU Desa masih sangat minimal, terutama mereka yang berada di kawasan Indonesia timur. Pemahaman lengkap tentang UU Desa memberikan kemudahan untuk menemukan solusi permasalahan di desa dan daerah, termasuk dalam konteks bagaimana mengintegrasikan kebijakan dan peluang advokasi STBM. Materi yang diterima selama workshop tiga hari tersebut, dapat mempertajam proses perencanaan program dan implementasi STBM. Selain itu telah memberikan semangat dan motivasi peserta dalam bekerja mendorong keberlanjutan program STBM ke depan.
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Rekomendasi
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Dari kegiatan workshop selama tiga hari dan hasil-hasil pendalaman diskusi yang berlangsung selama kegiatan, bisa direkomendasikan beberapa langkah untuk pelembagaan urusan STBM di masing-masing daerah; Pertama, memastikan Pemda menetapkan STBM sebagai kewenangan desa melalui Peraturan Bupati oleh tim STBM kabupaten maupun mitra SHAW, sebagaimana diatur berdasarkan pasal 37 PP No 43/2014. Kedua, memastikan desa menetapkan STBM sebagai kewenangan desa setelah Perbup kewenangan desa ditetapkan, dan lembaga mitra SHAW mendampingi desadesa untuk menyusun Perdes tentang kewenangan desa. Ketiga, mengawal perencanaan desa yang memuat STBM, baik melalui perencanaan jangka menengah mapun peren-
3 The valuable lessons that can be learned from this workshop are as the followings; •
•
•
The knowledge and understanding of the partners of SHAW on village and government regulations related to the implementation of Village Law was still very minimal, especially for those that are in eastern Indonesia. The full understanding of Village Law has given easiness to find a solution for the problems in villages and regions, including in the context of how to integrate policies and advocacy opportunities of STBM. The materials received during the three-day workshop, could sharpen the process of program planning and the implementation of STBM. Besides, the materials has given the spirit and motivation of the participants to support the sustainability of the STBM programs in the future.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
Lessons Learned
From the three day workshop and the results of the deepening of the discussions during the event, several steps can be recommended to institutionalize the STBM affairs in each region; First, make sure that the local government sets STBM as the authority of the village through Regent Regulations, the STBM team of the district, and the partners of SHAW as stipulated by Article 37 of PP (Government Regulation) No. 43/2014. Second, make sure that the village sets STBM as the authority of the village after Regent Regulations on the authorities of the village are established, and the partner institutions of SHAW assist the village to form the Village Regulation on the authorities of the Village. Third, oversee the village planning that includes STBM, through either medium-
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Recommendations
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canaan tahunan. Keempat, mengawal penganggaran desa dalam mengalokasikan anggaran STBM. Advokasi kebijakan di Indonesia tidak berhenti hanya di tingkat peraturan dan perencanaan. Advokasi terhadap suatu isu kebijakan harus dilakukan sejak peraturan, perencanaan, sampai penganggaran. Sehingga penting mengawal agar APBDesa benar-benar mengalokasikan program/kegiatan STBM.
3.3.
Klaster Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
3.3.1. Kegiatan Klaster Latar Belakang
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Isu pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat tidak akan pernah kering diperbincangkan. Transformasi politik nasional dan daerah telah memungkinkan diskursus dan praktik pengembangan maupun pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan melalui berbagai pihak. Jika dulu pengembangan masyarakat dikendalikan serta didominasi dari jalur pemerintah, sekarang upaya ini banyak dilakukan oleh masyarakat sipil, swasta, perguruan tinggi dan pihak lain. IRE sebagai bagian dari masyarakat sipil Indonesia mengambil inisiatif dan terus memelihara upaya pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Sejauh ini yang ditempuh IRE melalui beragam kegiatan seperti; riset advokasi, pendampingan, pengorganisasian dan pengembangan kapasitas masyarakat di desa.
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Tahun 2014, IRE terus merawat klaster pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan berbagai kegiatan. Ada kegiatan yang bersifat merancang program riset advokasi, ada pula yang melayani kerja sama dengan pihak lain yang sedang memiiki program pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Kebetulan pada tahun 2014 ini merupakan masa persiapan pelaksanaan UU Desa. Sehingga beberapa
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Community Development and Empowerment Cluster
3.3.1. The Activities of the Cluster Background Issues on community development and empowerment will never end to discuss. National and regional political transformation has enabled the discourse and practice of community development and empowerment to be done through a variety of parties. If in the past, community development was controlled and dominated by the government, now these efforts are widely done by civil society, private sector, universities, and other parties. IRE as part of Indonesian civil society takes the initiative and continues to keep the community development and empowerment efforts. IRE has so far conducted a variety of activities such as advocacy research, mentoring, organizing, and capacity building in village communities. In 2014, IRE continued to maintain community development and empowerment cluster with various activities. There were some activities such as designing advocacy research programs and serving the cooperation with other parties having community development and empowerment programs. Fortunately, 2014 was the period of preparation for the implementation of Village Law. Therefore, some cooperation activities carried by this cluster were closely related to
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3.3.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
term planning or annual planning. Fourth, oversee village budgeting in allocating the budget of STBM. Policy advocacy in Indonesia does not stop only at the level of regulation and planning. Advocacy on a policy issue should be taken from regulatory, planning to budgeting. Thus, it is important to oversee that APBDes (Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget) can really allocate the programs/ activities of STBM.
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kegiatan kerja sama yang dijalankan klaster ini erat kaitannya dengan upaya meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat dan pemerintahan desa.
Rangkaian Kegiatan Kegiatan Klaster CDE tahun 2014 meliputi finalisasi proposal dan serial diskusi bulanan. Dua ragam aktivitas ini mendapat dukungan dana KSI. Pertama, menyusun proposal bertema peran organisasi berbasis komunitas dalam melaksanakan community development. Tema ini bersifat induktif karena ingin menggali praktik comdev dari pengalaman riil masyarakat. Penyusunan proposal telah melalui tahap review ahli. Banyak input dari diskusi yang dilakukan. Review tersebut didahului updating atas draft awal proposal. Pembaruan dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan para pelaku organisasi berbasis komunitas. Kedua, menyelenggarakan seri diskusi bulanan dengan tema seputar pemberdayaan masyarakat.
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1. Bekerjasama dengan Yayasan Obor, IRE mengundang Harry Poeze untuk meluncurkan bukunya yang berjudul “Tan Malaka, Gerakan Kiri, dan Revolusi Indonesia Jilid 4”. Tujuan dari diskusi tersebut adalah untuk memperkenalkan salah satu tokoh kunci perjuangan kemerdekaan Indonesia yang namanya sekarang ini “ditenggelamkan” oleh rezim yang tidak menyukai ideologi Tan Malaka.
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2. Diskusi bulanan dengan tema “Bantuan Sosial; Antara Politik Praktis dan Politik Pemberdayaan” diadakan pada tanggal 16 April 2014. Narasumber diskusi kali ini adalah Bambang Wisnu Handoyo (Kepala Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (DPPKAD) Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta,
3 The Series of Activities The activities of CDE Cluster in 2014 included the finalization of the proposal and monthly discussion series. These two kinds of activities were funded by KSI. The first was preparing a proposal entitled the role of community-based organizations in implementing community development. This theme was inductive because it wanted to dig the Community Development practice from real community experiences. The preparation of the proposal has passed the review stages from the experts. There were a lot of inputs from the discussions. The review was preceded by the updating process for the initial draft of the proposal. The update was done through observation and interviews with the actors of community-based organizations.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
the efforts for the capacity building of the community and the village government.
The second was organizing monthly discussion series with the theme of community empowerment.
2. A monthly discussion with the theme of “Bantuan Sosial; Antara Politik Praktis dan Politik Pemberdayaan” (Social Support; Between Practical Politics and Political Empowerment was held on April 16, 2014. The keynote speaker of this discussion was Bambang Wisnu Handoyo the Head of DPPKAD (Revenue, Fiscal, and Asset Manage-
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1. In cooperation with the Yayasan Obor (Obor Foundation), IRE invited Harry Poeze to launch his book entitled “Tan Malaka, Gerakan Kiri, dan Revolusi Indonesia Jilid 4”(Tan Malaka, Left-Wing and the Indonesian Revolution Volume 4). The purpose of the discussion was to introduce one of the key figures of the struggle for the independence of Indonesia whose name is now “drowned” by regime that is not in the favor of the ideology of Tan Malaka.
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Hifdhil Alim (Peneliti Pusat Kajian Antikorupsi Fakultas Hukum UGM Yogyakarta), dan Ashari Cahyo Edi (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta). Diskusi ini membahas perihal praktik penggunaan bantuan sosial yang seringkali disalahgunakan untuk kepentingan politik praktis daripada untuk pemberdayaan kelompok marjinal. 3. Diskusi bulanan pada 17 Juli 2014 dengan mengusung tema “Potret Parlemen Pasca Pengesahan UU MD 3”. Narasumber dalam diskusi bulanan ini Zainal Arifin Mukhtar, (Dosen Fak Hukum UGM dan Direktur Pusat Kajian Anti Korupsi Universitas Gadjah Mada-Pukat UGM) dan Sunaji Zamroni (Peneliti IRE Yogyakarta). Diskusi ini mendalami isu-isu krusial dalam UU MD 3 serta membicarakan berbagai alternatif tindakan untuk merespon UU MD 3.
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4. Kamis, tanggal 23 Oktober 2014 IRE menghadirkan Zuly Qodir (Dosen UMY), Tri Wahyu (Aktivis ICM) dan Borni Kurniawan (peneliti IRE) dalam diskusi yang bertema “Mengawal Jokowi dan Mengawasi Perlemen”. Tujuan diskusi tersebut adalah untuk menemukan peta tantangan setelah terpilihnya Jokowi – Jk sebagai presiden dan wakil presiden.
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Ketiga, Pendampingan Desa. Implementasi UU Desa membutuhkan fasilitasi agar efektif. Salah satu hambatan yang harus diatasi adalah kapasitas kepala desa, perangkat dan anggota BPD. Untuk itu dibutuhkan skema pendampingan yang tepat. Bercermin pada kasus desa Panggungharjo, Bantul, pendampingan sejatinya tidak harus dilakukan oleh para profesional seperti desain pemerintah yang mempekerjakan fasilitator “alumni” PNPM. Problem desa yang kronis justru bukan aspek teknis. Sumber masalah desa adalah budaya partisipasi yang rendah sebagai imbas kebijakan floating mass dan tiadanya leadership by example. Konsekuensinya, pendampingan harus identik dengan pengorganisiran. Agar
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3. A monthly discussion on July 17, 2014 carried the theme of “Potret Parlemen Pasca Pengesahan UU MD 3”(The Portrait of Parliament After the Enactment of the Law of MD 3). The keynote speaker in this monthly discussion was Zainal Arifin Mukhtar, (A Lecturer from the Faculty of Law, UGM and the Director of the Center of Anticorruption Studies, UGM), and Sunaji Zamroni (A Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta). This discussion explored crucial issues in the Law of MD 3 and discussed alternative actions to respond to the Law of MD 3.
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ment Agency) of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Hifdhil Alim (A Researcher from the Center of Anticorruption Studies, Law Faculty of UGM Yogyakarta) and Ashari Cahyo Edi (A Researcher of IRE Yogyakarta). The discussion talked about the practice of the use of social support that was often misused for political interests rather than for the empowerment of marginalized groups.
The third was assisting villages. The implementation of Village Law requires facilitation to be effective. One of the obstacles to be overcome is the capacity of the head of village, village officials, and the members of BPD. For that reason, proper mentoring scheme is necessary. Reflecting from the case of Panggungharjo village, Bantul, mentoring actually does not have to be done by professionals such as the design of the government that employs facilitators from the “alumni” of PNPM (National Program for Community Empowerment). The chronic village problem is not the technical as-
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4. On Thursday, October 23, 2014, IRE presented Zuly Qadir (A Lecturer of UMY), Tri Wahyu (An Activist of ICM), and Borni Kurniawan (A Researcher of IRE) in a discussion entitled “Mengawal Jokowi dan Mengawasi Perlemen” (Guarding Jokowi and Overseeing the Parliament). The purpose of this discussion was to find a map of challenges after Jokowi – Jk were elected as president and vice president.
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mampu melakukan itu, pendamping berkarakter organik ala Gramscian lebih tepat daripada pendamping proyek model PNPM.
Pelajaran Berharga Pelaksanaan program dalam setahun tentu memiliki kekurangan dan ketaksempurnaan. Tetapi, pembelajaran tentunya juga ada. Salah satunya adalah diskusi bulanan yang bekerjasama dengan PSPK UGM menunjukkan bahwa kampus merupakan mitra strategis. Ke depan, Klaster Pengembangan Masyarakat dan Pemberdayaan (CDE) dan IRE perlu menjajaki kerjasama serupa dengan cost sharing scheme yang tidak membebani salah satu pihak.
Rekomendasi
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Pertama, orientasi riset CDE sejak awal adalah menginspirasi perubahan dan mengubah praktik. Untuk itu, produk pengetahuan hendaknya beragam yakni tidak saja pelaporan melainkan juga modul, buku saku maupun policy brief. Kedua, terkait dengan diskusi bulanan, tema-tema CDE hendaknya mempertimbangkan kontinuitas kajian. Harapannya, di akhir tahun ada hasil yang utuh yang memotret suatu isu dalam kajian CDE. Ketiga, berkaitan dengan pendampingan, Klaster CDE perlu untuk menjadikan pendampingan sebagai wahana kerjasama dengan perguruan tinggi misalnya program KKN dan pengabdian masyarakat.
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Lessons Learned The implementation of the program in one year certainly had flaws and imperfections. However, there are also lessons to learn. One of them is that a monthly discussion in cooperation with PSPK UGM shows that campus is a strategic partner. In the future, Community Development and Empowerment Cluster (CDE) and IRE need to explore similar cooperation with cost sharing scheme that does not burden one of the parties
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pects. The source of village problems is the low participation as the result of the floating mass policy and lack of leadership by example. Consequently, assisting must be identical with organizing. To be able to do that, mentors with organic style as Gramscian is more appropriate than mentors of PNPM.
Recommendations
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First, the research orientation of CDE since the beginning is to inspire change and change practices. For that reason, the knowledge products should be varied. It means that they are not only in the form of reporting but also in the form of modules, booklets, and policy briefs. Second, related to monthly discussion, the themes of CDE should consider the continuity of the study. Hopefully, at the end of the year, there is a complete result that captures an issue in the study of CDE. Third, regarding the assistance, CDE cluster needs to make mentoring as a vehicle for cooperation with universities, such as KKN (internship) and community service.
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3.3.2. Kegiatan Kerja sama IRE dalam isu Community Development and Empowerment 1. Kerja sama IRE dengan SKK Migas
Latar Belakang CSR perusahaan bukan merupakan program yang asing bagi pemerintahan supra-desa. Tetapi pemerintahan desa selama ini jarang dilibatkan dalam pengelolaan CSR meski perusahaan tersebut beroperasi di wilayah desa. UU Desa memungkinkan perubahan pengelolaan CSR dan keterlibatan lebih pemerintahan desa. Pada 19 Juni 2014 IRE menerima tamu dari SKK Migas Perwakilan Sulawesi dan Kalimantan, rombongan terdiri dari perusahaan KKKS yang bekerja di wilayah Sulawesi dan Kalimantan serta jurnalis dari media lokal. Mereka datang ke IRE ingin belajar tentang implementasi UU Desa dan study banding ke desa mitra IRE.
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Rangkaian Kegiatan
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Acara didahului dengan diskusi tentang implementasi UU Desa di kawasan pertambangan. Sebagai narasumber Arie Sujito peneliti senior IRE sekaligus penggagas lahirnya UU Desa. Kegiatan diskusi berjalan dinamis, para peserta yang mayoritas merupakan wartawan dan humas perusahaan tambang antusias bertanya mengenai peluang-peluang perusahaan ikut berpatisipasi mensejahterakan desa. Diskusi berlangsung selama setengah hari, setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan kunjungan ke Desa Wukirsari yang merupakan salah satu desa mitra IRE. Desa Wukirsari berada di Kecamatan Imogiri dan terkenal sebagai wilayah wisata makam rajaraja mataram dan batik tulisnya. Batik tulis desa Wukirsari tidak hanya dikenal di tingkat nasional tapi sudah dikenal ditingkat dunia, karena keindahan corak yang memanfaatkan perwarna alami.
3 1. The Cooperation between IRE and SKK Migas
(Oil and Gas Upstream Business Executive Unit) Background CSR is not a foreign program for supra-village government. However, village government is rarely involved in CSR management although a company operates in the area of a village. Village Law allows the changes of CSR management and more involvement of village administration. On June 19, 2014, IRE received guests from SKK Migas, Representatives from Sulawesi and Kalimantan. The group consisted of KKKS companies working in Sulawesi and Kalimantan and journalists from local media. They came to IRE to learn about the implementation of Village Law and conduct comparative study to village partners of IRE.
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3.3.2. The Collaborative Projects of IRE on the Community Development and Empowerment Issues
The event was preceded by a discussion on the implementation of Village Law in mining area. The keynote speaker was Arie Sujito, a senior researcher of IRE and the originator of Village Law. The discussion ran dynamically. The participants who were dominated by journalists and the public relations of mining companies eagerly asked about the opportunities of companies in participating for the welfare of villages. The discussion lasted for half a day. Then it was followed by a visit to Wukirsari Village which was one of village partners of IRE. Wukirsari village is in Imogiri and famous for its tourism site of the tombs of the kings of Mataram and batik tulis (batik made traditionally). Batik tulis from Wukirsari Village is known not only at national level but also in the world because of the beauty of the natural coloring.
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Berkaitan dengan program CSR, Desa Wukirsari termasuk sering bekerjasama dengan perusahaan, saat ini mereka sedang menjalin kerjasama dengan BCA terkait dengan kredit untuk usaha bagi para pengrajin batik. Pada kesempatan ini rombongan diajak untuk mengenal desa berpengalaman bekerjasama dengan perusahaan, seperti apa bentuk kerjasama yang dilaksanakan dan bagaimana desa merencanakan kerjasama tersebut. Hari kedua adalah hari yang cukup serius, sepanjang hari peserta diajak berdiskusi tentang peluang yang dapat dikerjakan oleh CSR perusahaan bekerjasama dengan desa di dalam wadah UU Desa. Dalam kesempatan ini hanya humas atau bagian CSR KKKS saja yang terlibat dalam kegiatan, sedangkan untuk jurnalis media lokal diajak ke Cepu untuk melihat tempat pelatihan yang dimiliki oleh SKK Migas. Kegiatan terbagi dalam dua sesi, sesi pertama semua perusahaan KKKS mempresentasikan kerja-kerja yang sudah dilakukan selama ini berkaitan dengan pengembangan masyarakat. Setelah semua KKKS memaparkan hasil kerjanya, Dr. Bambang Hudayana membingkai semua presentasi KKKS untuk menarik pembelajaran dari peran KKKS dalam pembangunan di desa. Sesi kedua mengulas tentang peluang KKKS bekerjasama dengan desa, hal-hal yang harus termuat dalam perencanaan desa, baik RPJMDes (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa) yang berumur enam tahun, maupun RKPDesa (Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Desa) yang berumur satu tahun. UU Desa mengamanatkan desa harus memiliki satu perencanaan dan satu anggaran atau biasa diistilahkan ‘one planning-one budget’. Perusahaan KKKS diberi peluang berkerjasama dengan desa selama program tersebut masuk dalam perencanaan desa yang dibahas di dalam Musdes (Musyawarah Desa).
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The second day was a quite serious day. The participants were invited to discuss the opportunities that could be done by the CSR of a company in collaboration with a village under Village Law. In this occasion, only public relations or the CSR of KKKS were involved in the activities, while the journalists of local media were invited to go to Cepu to see the training area owned by SKK Migas. The activities were divided into two sessions. In the first session, all KKKS companies presented the works that had been done related to community development. he development of society. After all KKKS showed the results of their work, Dr. Bambang Hudayana framed all presentations of KKKS to gain lessons from the roles of KKKS in village development. In the second session, there was a review on the opportunities of KKKS to cooperate with villages and things that should be included in village planning, either six year RPJMDes (Village Medium Term Development Plan) or one year RKPDesa (Village Development Action Plan). Villages Law mandates that villages should have one plan and one budget which is usually called as ‘one planning – one budget’. KKKS companies were given an opportunity to cooperate with villages as long as the program was included in village planning discussed in Musdes (Village Meeting).
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
Related to CSR programs, Wukirsari Village could be considered as a village that frequently had cooperation with companies. At that time, it cooperated with BCA in terms of credit for batik artisan business. In this occasion the group was invited to get to know the village experienced in cooperation with companies, what kind of cooperation was implemented and how the village planned such cooperation.
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Pelajaran Berharga Pelajaran berharga yang bisa ditarik dari kegiataan ini adalah: pertama, pendekatan program CRS yang digunakan oleh KKKS masih belum jelas bentuknya sehingga rawan terjebak menjadi program populis. Disamping itu, pendekatan yang berbasis aset masih minim sehingga tidak berdampak kepada masyarakat. Kedua, program yang dilaksanakan oleh KKKS tidak menunjukkan pendekatan yang memperkuat keswadayaan, swakelola dan kemandirian masyarakat.
Rekomendasi
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Kegiatan ini merekomendasi agar pertama, KKKS melakukan kaji ulang strategi pendekatan dan pelaksanaan TJSL yang selama ini dilakukan. KKKS diminta untuk melakukan harmonisasi dan keterikatan dengan program perencanaan daerah dan desa dengan perencanaan strategis dan perencanaan tahunan program TJSL perusahaan.
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Kedua, Perusahaan diminta membuat program yang mendorong penguatan kapasitas desa untuk menjadi pelaku utama pembangunan. Desa didorong untuk semakin mampu dalam merencanakan, menyusun anggaran, membelanjakan anggaran, mengadministrasi keuangan, dan mengelola pemerintahan desa berbasis partisipasi, transparansi dan akuntabilitas. Dengan sumber daya, kewenangan dan keuangan desa yang dijamin UU Desa, perusahaan pada titik ini diharapkan untuk berperan sebagai katalisator dalam mengembangkan aset-aset yang dimiliki dan dikuasai desa. Perusahaan bisa memposisikan diri sebagai mitra pemerintahan desa dalam mengembangakan asset lokal di desa (local asset based approach).
3 Valuable lessons that can be drawn from this activity are: first, the CSR approach of KKKS was still unformed so that it was prone to get stuck in a populist program. In addition, asset-based approach was still minimal, so it did not affect the public. Second, the programs implemented by KKKS did not show the approach that strengthened self-reliance, selfmanaged, and the autonomy of the community.
Recommendations from this activity, it is recommended that, firstly, KKKS conducts a review of approach and implementation strategies of TJSL that have been done. KKKS are asked to harmonize and engage with local and village planning program with strategic planning and annual planning of the TJSL program of companies.
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Lessons Learned
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Secondly, companies are required to make a program that encourages the capacity building of villages to be the main actors of development. Villages are encouraged to be more capable in planning, budgeting, spending budget, administering finance, and managing village government based on participation, transparency, and accountability. With the resources, authority and village finance guaranteed by Village Law, companies at this point are expected to act as a catalyst in developing the assets owned and controlled by villages. Companies can position themselves as the partners of village government in developing local assets in villages (local asset-based approach).
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2. Kerja sama IRE dengan PT Total E&P Indonessia
Latar Belakang Pemerintah desa dan lembaga kemasyarakatan desa membutuhkan fasilitasi dalam peningkatan kapasitas untuk memahami, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan, dan merumuskan langkah-langkah dalam pelaksanaan ketentuan-ketentuan UU Desa. Tanggung jawab untuk fasilitasi peningkatan kapasitas tidak dapat dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah saja, akan tetapi membutuhkan dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Dalam konteks inilah, IRE Yogyakarta bekerjasama dengan PT. Total E&P Indonesia melaksanakan pelatihan peningkatan kapasitas pemerintahan desa dalam rangka melaksanakan UU Desa. Sebelum penyelenggaraan pelatihan, IRE memberikan pembekalan kepada pengelola program CSR PT. Total E&P.
Rangkaian Kegiatan Pelatihan ini telah diselenggarakan selama 3 hari efektif di Kecamatan Anggana Kabupaten Kutai Kertanegara. Peserta pelatihan adalah camat dan staff, Kepala Desa, Kaur. Pembangunan, dan LPMD/BPD yang berasal dari 8 desa.
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Materi pelatihan peningkatan kapasitas pemerintahan desa yang disusun IRE merupakan bagian dari kurikulum sekolah desa IRE yang meliputi:
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1. Kedudukan, Kewenangan, dan Sistem Pemerintahan Desa 2. Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Desa 3. Penatausahaan Keuangan Desa 4. Peraturan Desa (Perdes) 5. Pengembangan BUM Desa Kegiatan pelatihan dijalankan dengan metode andragogi.
3 Indonessia Background Village government and village community institution need facilitation in increasing the capacity to understand, improve their knowledge and skills, and to formulate steps in the implementation of Village Law. The responsibility for the facilitation of capacity building cannot be done by the government alone, but it needs supports from various parties. In this context, IRE Yogyakarta in cooperation with PT. Total E & P Indonesia conducted village government capacity building training in order to implement Village Law. Before the training, IRE made provisions for the CSR program manager PT. Total E & P.
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2. The Cooperation between IRE and PT Total E&P
The Series of Activities This training was held for 3 days effectively in Anggana Subdistrict, Kutai District, Kertanegara. The participants of the training were the Head of the Sub-district and the staffs, the Village Heads, the Heads of Development Affairs, and LPMD (Institute for the Empowerment of Rural Community) / BPD (Village Consultative Council) from 8 villages. The village government capacity building training materials prepared by IRE village governance were part of the curricula of IRE school of village which included:
2. Village Planning and Budgeting 3. Village Financial Administration 4. Village Regulations (Perdes) 5. The Development of BUMDes (Village Owned Enterprises) The training activities were carried out with andragogy
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1. Position, authority, and Village Governance System
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Proses pelatihan dilaksanakan selama tiga hari pada 9-11 September 2014, yang berlangsung di dalam kelas (inhouse training) dan field trip di Desa Anggana, Kecamatan Anggana.
Pelajaran Berharga Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan di sesi terakhir, peserta merasakan manfaat dari pelatihan ini. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan kesan positif yang disampaikan oleh peserta. Sebagian besar peserta menyampaikan bahwa mereka bertambah pengetahuan dan keterampilannya sehingga mereka merasa lebih percaya diri dan lebih siap dalam menjalankan amanat dari UU Desa. Bahkan beberapa peserta mampu menyampaikan beberapa input untuk implementasi UU Desa terutama PP No. 43/2014 setelah merefleksikan materi UU Desa dengan pengalaman mereka dalam pemerintahan dan pembangunan desa.
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Rekomendasi
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Semua tujuan dari pelatihan dapat dicapai dengan baik dan dapat direkomendasikan beberapa hal penting dipertimbangkan ke depan. Pertama, Pemerintahan Desa, lembaga di desa, dan masyarakat desa penting untuk terus dikawal dalam memperkuat diri memahami prinsip-prinsip berdesa sebagaimana dimandatkan oleh UU Desa. Pihak pemerintah kabupaten wajib membuat skema penguatan ini dengan dukungan berbagai pihak. Kedua, pelatihan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan komitmen peserta untuk berubah dan melakukan perbaikan tetapi perlu dikawal dalam mengimplementasikan hasil-hasil pelatihan. Ketiga, PT Total E&P Indonesia perlu membangun kemitraan strategis dengan pemerintah desa, kecamatan, dan pemda dalam mengintegrasikan dan mengimplementasikan program/ kegiatan CSR. Keempat, perusahaan perlu membentuk dan mengembangkan multy stakeholders forum (MSF) di tingkat kecamatan ring satu, sebagai mekanisme pelembagaan ke-
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Lessons Learned Based on the results of the evaluations conducted in the last session, the participants gained benefits from this training. It could be proven by the positive impression conveyed by the participants. Most participants said that their knowledge and skills increased so that they felt more confident and better prepared to carry out the mandate of Village Law. Even some of the participants were able to give some inputs for the implementation of Village Law, particularly PP No. 43/2014 after reflecting the materials of Village Law with their experience in governance and village development.
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method. The training process was conducted in three days on September 9-11 2014 which took place in the classroom (in-house training) and field trip in Anggana Village, Anggana District.
All the objectives of the training could be well achieved with good, and there are some important things considered to be recommended in the future. First, Village Government, institutions in villages and village communities are important to be guarded in strengthening themselves to understand the principles of village as mandated by Village Law. District government must make this reinforcement scheme with the support of various parties. Second, training can improve knowledge, skills and commitment of the participants to change and make improvements, but they needs to be assisted in implementing the results of training. Third, PT Total E & P Indonesia needs to build a strategic partnership with village, sub-district governments and local governments in integrating and implementing CSR programs / CSR. Fourth, companies need to establish and develop multi stakeholder forum (MSF) at the first ring of sub-district level as a mechanism of institutionalization of strategic partnership, to over-
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Recommendations
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mitraan strategis untuk mengawal dan menjamin kepentingan bisnis perusahaan dan memastikan pembangunan kewilayahan dan sektoral di kawasan terdampak eksplorasi Migas berlangsung efektif dan efisien. 3. Kerjasama IRE dengan Knowledge Sector Inisi-
ative (KSI) Latar Belakang Sebagai NGO advokasi yang turut membidani lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 6/2014 tentang Desa (UU Desa), IRE berkomitmen penuh untuk terus mengawal implementasi regulasi baru tersebut. Bentuk pengawalan itu tidak hanya di level nasional dengan memantau dan mempengaruhi perkembangan wacana tentang desa, namun juga di level grassroots. Lewat program sekolah desa, IRE konsisten memberikan advokasi dengan program pelatihan bagi aparatur desa dan para pemangku kepentingan lainnya. Selain itu, IRE juga melakukan pendampingan kepada desa-desa yang menjadi mitra khusus organisasi. Pendampingan itu dalam rangka mendorong desa agar mengalami pembaharuan dalam hal perspektif, orientasi, dan tata kelola. Desa diproyeksikan dapat lebih mandiri, semakin demokratis, dan sejahtera dengan menggunakan kewenangannya dan posisinya yang tidak lagi sebagai obyek, tetapi subyek pembangunan.
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Pada awal 2014, pendampingan mulai dilakukan kepada Desa Mertelu (Gunungkidul), Pendawaharjo (Sleman), dan Mertoyudan (Magelang). Kegiatan pendampingan itu dikhususkan dalam konteks implementasi UU Desa, utamanya tata kelola pemerintahan dan integrasi spirit transformatif UU Desa serta regulasi turunannya. Bentuk asistensi yang telah diberikan, selain pelatihan-pelatihan peningkatan kapasitas dan sosialisasi substansi regulasi desa, juga dengan mem-
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3. The Cooperation between IRE and Knowledge
Sector Inisiative (KSI) Background As an advocacy NGO that helped the birth of Law No. 6/2014 on Village (Village Law), IRE is fully committed to continue to oversee the implementation of the new regulations. The form of the overseeing is not only at national level to monitor and influence the development of the discourse on village but also at grassroots level. Through school of village program, IRE consistently provides advocacy with training programs for village officials and other stakeholders. In addition, IRE also provides mentoring to villages that become the special partners of the organization. The mentoring is in order to encourage villages to have reforms in terms of perspective, orientation, and governance. Villages are projected to be more independent, democratic, and prosperous by using their authority and position which are no longer as object but the subject of development.
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see and assure the business interests of the companies, and to ensure that regional and sectoral developments in the areas affected by oil and gas exploration run effectively and efficiently.
In early 2014, the mentoring activities began in Mertelu Village (Gunungkidul), Pendawaharjo (Sleman), and Mertoyudan (Magelang). The mentoring activities were specified in the context of the implementation of Village Law, especially governance and transformative spirit integration of Village Law and its derived regulations the Law on the Village, the main governance and integration of the transformative spirit of the Village Act and derivatives regulation. The forms of assistance given, in addition to training of capacity building
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The Series of Activities
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buka kesempatan konsultasi bagi desa-desa mitra yang ingin memecahkan masalahnya. Di samping itu, IRE terus berupaya memantau perkembangan desa-desa mitra tersebut dengan cara selalu melibatkannya itu dalam kegiatan-kegiatan IRE yang relevan dengan isu-isu desa. Dengan demikian, IRE bisa memperoleh perkembangan dari tiga desa mitra tersebut. Program pendampingan yang disinergikan dengan implementasi UU Desa kini sudah berjalah kurang lebih satu tahun. Kegiatan tersebut diawali dengan assessment yang dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui situasi terakhir desa dan kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang diperlukan desa saat itu. Penjajakan tersebut kemudian ditindaklanjuti dengan pelatihan tentang substansi UU Desa dan Perencanaan Pembangunan Jangka Menengah (RPJM) Desa, dan Lokakarya Berbagi Pengalaman Implementasi UU Desa yang dilakukan selama setahun pendampingan. Dengan begitu, ketiga desa mitra IRE diharapkan dapat menjadi desa model yang akan menginspirasi desa-desa di sekitarnya.
Pelajaran Berharga
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Saat ini perubahan signifikan sudah dapat dirasakan. Desa-desa yang dulunya ragu, khawatir, bahkan merasa takut menjelang implementasi UU Desa, kini sudah percaya diri dan optimis menyambut hadirnya regulasi baru tersebut. Mereka telah memahami spirit dan substansi regulasi-regulasi baru tentang desa. Mereka juga telah berhasil menyusun dokumen perencanaan seperti instruksi UU Desa beserta regulasi turunannya.
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Tidak hanya itu, beberapa desa di sekitarnya ternyata mulai melirik proses perubahan tiga desa mitra tersebut. Wagiman, kepala desa Mertelu, dalam beberapa forum kegiatan IRE sering menceritakan bahwa dirinya kerap didekati lurah lain yang ingin menimba pengetahuannya mengenai UU
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This mentoring program, synergized with the implementation of Village Law, ran for approximately one year. The activity began with the assessment intended to know the latest situation of the villages and the needs required at that time. It was then followed up by training on the substance of Village Law, RPJM Desa (Village Medium Term Development Plan), and Workshop on the Experience Sharing of the Implementation of Village Law conducted during one year of mentoring. By doing so, it was expected that the three village partners of IRE could be a model inspiring the surrounding villages.
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and the socialization on the substance of village regulations, included consultation opportunities for village partners that wanted to solve their problem. In addition, IRE continued to monitor the development of those villages by always involving them in the activities of IRE relevant to village issues. Thus, IRE could obtain the development of those three village partners.
Lessons Learned
Moreover, some surrounding villages began to look at the process of change in the three village partners. Wagiman, the Head of Mertelu Village, in some IRE’s forums often said that he was frequently approached by the other village heads who wanted to gain knowledge about Village Law. Some of them even obviously wanted to get assistance from IRE. However,
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Currently, a significant change can be experienced. The villages that were once hesitant, worried, even scared before the implementation of Village Law now are now confident and optimistic in welcoming the new regulations. They have understood the spirit and the substance of the new regulations on village. They have also succeeded in preparing planning documents such as the instruction of Village Law and its derived regulations.
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Desa. Beberapa dari mereka bahkan secara terang-terangan ingin mendapatkan pendampingan serupa dari IRE. Namun, antusiasme mereka sekaligus menjadi tantangan baru ditengah makin terbatasnya resources yang dimiliki IRE.
Rekomendasi Pendampingan yang fokus pada implementasi UU Desa menjadi kebutuhan riil dan mendesak bagi desa. Namun demikian, kapasitas dan jangkauan IRE dalam melakukan pendampingan juga relatif terbatas. Karena itu, rekomendasi berikut ini dapat menjadi alternatif jalan keluar untuk menutup kekurangan tersebut. Pertama, guna menambah resources dan memperluas jangkauan kerja, IRE perlu menggandeng lebih banyak mitra dalam menjalankan program pendampingan. Antara lain; Perguruan tinggi (lewat skema KKN tematik), NGO lainnya, media, dan stakeholders yang dapat menjadi mitra kerja dalam program pendampingan desa. Kedua, desa yang sudah didampingi sebaiknya lebih terbuka dan memberi kesempatan seluas-luasnya bagi desa lain (sekitarnya) yang ingin menimba pengalaman yang sudah diperoleh selama pendampingan. Desa dampingan dapat mengembangkan konsep sister-villages dalam menularkan pengalamannya. Konsep tersebut memudahkan transfer pengetahuan (proses replikasi) dan mempercepat akselerasi kemajuan bagi desa-desa yang dilibatkan dalam skema kemitraan tersebut.
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3.4.
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Publikasi dan Komunikasi Komunikasi dan Publikasi menjadi bagian penting bagi IRE Yogyakarta. Sekalipun dalam struktur kelembagaan adalah bagian dari supporting system, dalam upaya terus menerus menciptakan “gaung suara” dalam kapasitasnya untuk turut menopang eksistensi kelembagaan IRE sebagai lembaga think thank advocacy. Unit Strategi Komunikasi IRE yang me-
3 Recommendation Mentoring that focuses on the implementation of Village Law becomes a real and urgent need for villages. Nevertheless, the capacity and coverage of IRE in this assistance are also relatively limited. Therefore, the following recommendations can be the alternative solutions to cover the weaknesses. First, in order to increase resources and extend the working coverage, IRE needs to hold more partners in implementing mentoring programs such as Colleges (through thematic internship scheme), other NGOs, media, and stakeholders that can be partners in village mentoring program.
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
their enthusiasm became new challenge in the more limited resources owned by IRE.
Second, the villages assisted should be more open and provide greater opportunities for other villages (surrounding) that want to gain experience acquired during the assistance. The assisted villages can develop the concept of sister-villages in transmitting their experience. This concept facilitates knowledge transfer (replication process) and accelerates the progress of the villages involved in the partnership scheme.
Publication and Communication Communication and Publication are important parts of IRE Yogyakarta. Even in the structure of the institution, they are part of the supporting system in an effort to continuously create “echoes” in their capacity to contribute to sustain the existence of IRE think tank advocacy. The communication Strategy units of IRE include IT, Library, Publishing, and Publication have the responsibility to manage and disseminate knowledge products owned and produced by the institution. Some new ideas and concepts continued to be developed in order to be dynamics and optimal in supporting various program activities and projects undertaken by the institution.
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3.4.
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liputi IT, Perpustakaan, Penerbitan dan Publikasi memiliki tanggungjawab mengelola serta menyebarluaskan produkproduk pengetahuan yang dimiliki dan dihasilkan oleh lembaga. Beberapa ide dan gagasan terus dikembangkan agar dapat mendinamisasi dan senantiasa optimal dalam melakukan support berbagai aktivitas program dan project yang dijalankan oleh lembaga. Salah satunya dengan berupaya untuk konsisten dan kontinue dalam melakukan update pada konten website www.ireyogya.org dengan publikasi kegiatan-kegiatan maupun artikel-artikel. Termasuk perencanaan dalam perubahan desain website IRE agar lebih menarik dan simpel.
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Grafik 1. Jumlah Pengunjung Website IRE Tahun 2014
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Tabel di atas memperlihatkan hits, halaman, jumlah kunjungan, dan pengunjung unik di laman www.ireyogya.org. Dari awal hingga pertengahan tahun terjadi penurunan jumlah pengunjung unik di website IRE. Namun kemudian jumlah terus meningkat sejak bulan September hingga Desember. IRE saat ini berada pada posisi empat (http://www.prmonitor.net) di range rank google. Bagi lembaga think tank seperti IRE, berada pada rangking empat merupakan posisi yang bagus dan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengguna internet memberikan perhatian dan interaksi yang cukup tinggi terhadap www.ireyogya.org.
3
Graph 1. The Number of Visitors on IRE’s Website in 2014
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One of them was to try to consistently and continuously update the content on the website of www.ireyogya.org with the publication on the activities and the articles including the planning on the design changes to make it more attractive and simple.
Change and development were also carried out on the products of printed publication, one of them is Flamma Magazine managed by this unit. Flamma changed from magazine to review. The reason of the format change was to further encourage Flamma as publication media of the institution that published with the simple theoretical framework in simple language. The majority of the readers of Flamma thought that the language used in the magazine was too scientific making
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
The table above shows the hits, pages, number of visits, and unique visitors on the page of www.ireyogya.org. From the early to mid of the year, there was a decline in the number of unique visitors on the website of IRE, but then the number rose steadily since September to December. IRE was in the fourth position (http://www.prmonitor.net) on the range rank google. As a think tank institution, fourth position was a good position for IRE, and it shows that internet users have given quite high attention and interaction to www.ireyogya. org.
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Perubahan dan pengembangan juga dilakukan terhadap produk publikasi cetak, salah satunya Majalah Flamma yang dikelola oleh unit ini. Flamma mengalami perubahan format dari bentuk majalah menjadi format review. Alasan perubahan format Flamma ini adalah untuk lebih mendorong Flamma sebagai media publikasi lembaga yang terbit dengan kerangka teoritik yang sederhana dengan bahasa yang sederhana. Sebagian kalangan pembaca Flamma beranggapan bahwa bahasa yang digunakan dalam majalah tersebut terlalu ilmiah sehingga terkadang sulit dipahami oleh masyarakat awam yag merupakan sasaran pembaca Majalah Flamma. Flamma Review selama tahun 2014 telah terbit tiga edisi. Flamma mengangkat fokus tema perilaku warga dalam bersiasat mewarnai pemilu 2014 di bulan April 2014; kesejahteraan desa pasca UU Desa untuk terbitan Agustus 2014; serta penguatan kapasitas desa untuk menuju desa berdaya pada penerbitan bulan Desember 2014. Selain Flamma Review, selama tahun 2014, IRE juga telah menerbitkan sejumlah produk cetak berupa policy paper, buku, naskah akademik, majalah, procedding kegiatan, poster dan banner, dan laporan penelitian. Tabel 1. Data Publikasi IRE tahun 2014
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Jenis Publikasi
98
Jumlah
Policy Paper
5
Buku
3
Naskah Akademik
1
Majalah
3
Proceeding Kegiatan
4
Poster & Banner
11
Laporan Penelitian
5
3 During 2014, Flamma Review was published in three editions. Flamma raised the theme focusing on the scheming behavior of the people in the 2014 election in April 2014; the welfare of villages post Village Law in August 2014; the capacity building of villages toward autonomous villages in December 2014. Beside Flamma Review, during 2014, IRE also published a number of printed products in the form of policy paper, book, academic text, magazine, proceeding of activities, poster and banner, and research report. Table 1. The Publication Data of IRE in 2014
Number
Policy Paper
5
Book
3
Academic Text
1
Magazine
3
Proceeding of Activities
4
Poster & Banner
11
Research Report
5
Communication Strategy Unit was also responsible in supporting IRE’s monthly discussion regularly held in Joglo Winasis. The dissemination of information about these activities through posters or banners triggered the public to be more interested to attend as participants. The dynamics happening during the discussions was always uploaded in the form of straight news or feature on the IRE’s website. Besides, the involvement of journalists covering these activities effectively expanded the echo and greatness of IRE’s month-
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Type of Publication
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
it sometimes difficult to understand by the public that became the target readers of Flamma Magazine.
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Unit Strategi Komunikasi juga bertanggungjawab dalam melakukan support kegiatan diskusi bulanan IRE yang rutin diselenggarakan di Joglo Winasis. Penyebarluasan informasi kegiatan ini melalui poster ataupun banner telah membuat kegiatan tersebut semakin menarik minat publik untuk hadir sebagai peserta. Dinamika yang berlangsung selama diskusi, senantiasa diunggah dalam bentuk straightnews atau feature di website IRE. Selain itu keterlibatan wartawan dalam meliput kegiatan tersebut telah efektif memperluas gaung dan syiar diskusi bulanan IRE yang selalu hadir dengan tema yang aktual dan menarik.
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Kedepannya tantangan dalam berkomunikasi dan mempublikasikan produk pengetahuan dan kegiatan-kegiatan program lembaga diprediksi akan semakin besar. Tentu hal tersebut membutuhkan lebih banyak ide gagasan brilian, dan energi dalam melakukan strategi komunikasi. Bukan saja mengemasnya dalam bentuk yang menarik, namun juga membutuhkan terobosan-terobosan baru agar komunikasi dan publikasi bisa mengiringi langkah lincah kegiatan program dan project di lembaga.
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ly discussions that always came with actual and interesting themes.
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In the future, the challenges in communicating and publicizing knowledge products and the program activities of the institute were predicted to be even greater. Of course, they need more brilliant ideas and energy in doing the strategy of communication, not only to package them in an attractive form but also to make new breakthroughs in communication and publication that can accompany the agile program activities and project in the institution.
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a. Perpustakaan Perpustakaan IRE memiliki koleksi dalam bidang kajian desa , pemberdayaan masyarakat adat, militerisme, otonomi daerah, otonomi desa, agraria, pemerintahan, politik dan sosial, dan keuangan daerah. Disamping itu perpustakaan IRE juga membangun koleksi seputar kajian tentang penanggulangan kemiskinan dan kesejahteraan. Koleksi yang dimiliki IRE saat ini berjumlah 2194 judul dengan 2398 item/kopi. Adapun uraian jenis koleksi perpustakaan sebagai berikut: Tabel 2. Jumlah Koleksi Perpustakaan IRE Tahun 2014
Jenis
No
Jumlah
1
Buku teks
1901
2
Procceding
55
3
Lamporan penelitian
47
4
DVD dokumentasi kegiatan IRE
40
5
Tesis
11
6
Skripsi
5
7
Laporan mahasiswa magang
11
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Disamping koleksi buku, perpustakaan IRE berlangganan 3 majalah, yaitu Majalah Tempo, Majalah Chip, dan Majalah Bangkit. Koleksi Jurnal perpustakaan diantaranya Jurnal Prisma, Jurnal Analisis, Jurnal Mandatory, Jurnal Sosiologi, Jurnal Wacana, Jurnal Masyarakat Indonesia, dan satu jurnal online J-STOR.
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Perpustakaan IRE dibuka untuk umum baik mahasiswa, pelajar, masyarakat, dll. Pengunjung perpustakaan untuk saat ini didominasi oleh para mahasiswa. Total pengunjung untuk tahun 2014 mencapai 256 orang, dengan rata-sata dalam satu minggu 5-10 pengunjung baik yang meminjam maupun yang mengembalikan buku atau sekedar membaca di tem-
3 IRE’s library has a collection in the field of village studies, the empowerment of indigenous peoples, militarism, autonomy, local autonomy, agriculture, government, political and social issues, and local finance. Besides, IRE’s library also develops a collection around the study of the alleviation of poverty and welfare. The collection owned by IRE includes 2,194 titles with 2,398 items / copies. The description on the types of the collections is as follows: Table 2. The Number of Collections in IRE’s Library in 2014
No
Type
Number
1
Text Book
1901
2
Proceeding
55
3
Research Report
47
4
The Documentation of IRE’s Activities in the form of DVD
40
5
Thesis
11
6
Undergraduate Thesis
5
7
The Report from the Internship Students
11
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
a. Library
IRE’s library opens for public such as university students, students, community, etc. The visitors of the library have been currently dominated by students. The total of the visitors in 2014 has reached 256 people, with the average in one week of 5-10 visitors either to borrow, return a book, or just read. To facilitate the visitors in finding the desired book,
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
In addition to the collection of books, IRE’s library subscribes to 3 magazines, Tempo, Chip, and Bangkit. The collection of journals include Prisma, Analisis, Mandatory, Sosiologi, Wacana, Masyarakat Indonesia, and one online journal, J-STOR.
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pat. Untuk mempermudah pengunjung dalam menemukan buku yang dikehendaki, pengunjung dapat mengakses katalog online perpustakaan IRE. Bagi pengunjung yang ingin meminjam koleksi cukup dengan mengisi formulir pendaftaran dan meninggalkan kartu identitas baik KTP (Kartu Tanda Penduduk) maupun KTM (Kartu Tanda Mahasiswa).
b. Magang dan Volunteer Mulai sekitar tahun 2010, IRE menjadi salah satu tempat tujuan magang, Praktek Kerja Nyata (PKN), Praktek Kerja Lapangan (PKL), dan kegiatan sejenis bagi para mahasiswa baik berasal dari Yogya maupun luar Yogya. Pada awalnya IRE tidak memberlakukan syarat apapun untuk kegiatan ini, namun seiring dengan berjalannya waktu dan keinginan untuk dapat lebih memperbaiki kualitas capaian atau hasil dari kegiatan, maka pada saat ini IRE memberlakukan beberapa syarat bagi para mahasiswa yang akan melaksanakan kegiatan tersebut di IRE. Syarat tersebut yaitu: 1. Menyerahkan proposal yang isinya mencakup: • •
Mengapa tertarik untuk magang di IRE?
•
Apa yang ingin diperoleh dengan magang di IRE?
•
Apa tujuan magang di IRE? Jangka waktu magang di IRE.
2. Jika kegiatan magang adalah bagian dari perkuliahan atau tugas kampus maka wajib menyertakan surat pengantar dari kampus atau dosen pengampu mata kuliah. IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
3. Curriculum Vitae.
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4. Selama proses magang bersedia menjalankan penugasan yang diberikan oleh IRE. 5. Mengumpulkan laporan kegiatan. Disamping syarat di atas yang harus dipenuhi oleh para calon mahasiswa yang akan magang di IRE, peserta magang juga mempunyai hak sebagai berikut:
3
b. Internship and Volunteer Since around 2010, IRE has become one destination for internship, PKN (internship), PKL (field internship), and similar activities for students eithYogya or outside Yogya. At the beginning, IRE did not require anything for this activity, but as the time went by and because of the desire to further improve the quality of the outcome or result of the activity, at the present time IRE has some requirements for students who will carry out this activity at IRE. These requirements are:
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
they can access the library’s online catalog. For the visitors who want to borrow the collection, they simply complete the registration form and leave their identity card such as KTP (identity card) and KTM (Student Identity Card).
1. Submitting a proposal which the content includes: •
Why is it interesting to have internship at IRE?
•
The duration of the internship at IRE.
• •
What is the purpose of the internship at IRE?
What do you want to obtain with the internship at IRE?
2. If the internship is part of a lecture or a campus task, it is required to include a transmittal letter from your college or lecturer of the course. 3. Curriculum Vitae
5. Submitting the report of the activities Beside the above requirements that should be met, students who will have internship at IRE also have the following rights:
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4. During the process of the internship, students are willing to carry out any assignment given by IRE.
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
1. Mengikuti kegiatan-kegiatan yang diselenggarakan IRE baik kegiatan internal maupun eksternal. 2. Konsumsi makan siang. 3. Akses internet. 4. Akses terhadap buku-buku perpustakaan IRE. Berikut data jumlah mahasiswa yang magang di IRE dari tahun 2010 hingga tahun 2015. Tabel 3. Jumlah Mahasiswa Magang di IRE
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No
106
Tahun
Nama
Asal
1
2010
M. Malik Hidayatulloh
UIN Sunan Kalijaga
2
2010
Kadek Ria Andini
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta
3
2010
Lisnawati Sigalingging
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta
4
2010
Angita Rarastima Virginia
Universitas Diponegoro
5
2011
Friska Dwi Laraswati
Universitas Brawijaya
6
2011
Belladonna Wahyu Mareta
Universitas Brawijaya
7
2011
Luckyndra Pravitarini
Universitas Diponegoro
8
2012
Universitas Diponegoro
9
2012
Sofie Dwi Rifayani Ernita Krisandi
Universitas Diponegoro
3 3. Internet access. 4. Access to the books in IRE’s library Below is the data on the number of students who have had internship at IRE from 2010 to 2015. Table 3. The Number of Internship Students as IRE
No
Year
Name
College/ University
1
2010
M. Malik Hidayatulloh
UIN Sunan Kalijaga
2
2010
Kadek Ria Andini
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta
3
2010
Lisnawati Sigalingging
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta
4
2010
Angita Rarastima Virginia
Universitas Diponegoro
5
2011
Friska Dwi Laraswati
Universitas Brawijaya
6
2011
Belladonna Wahyu Mareta
Universitas Brawijaya
7
2011
Luckyndra Pravitarini
Universitas Diponegoro
8
2012
9
2012
Sofie Dwi Rifayani Universitas Diponegoro
Ernita Krisandi
Universitas Diponegoro
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2. Lunch
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
1. Following the activities organized by IRE, both internal and external activities
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
10
2012
Heni Septi Wulandari
Universitas Diponegoro
11
2012
Trio Rhizza Firmansyah
Politeknik Negeri Jember
12
2012
Hery Purwanto
Politeknik Negeri Jember
13
2012
Mohammad Yusuf
Politeknik Negeri Jember
14
2012
Achmad Ghoffur Rosady
Politeknik Negeri Jember
15
2013
Agung Yoga Pradana Politeknik Negeri Jember
16
2013
Aditya Arief Budiman
Politeknik Negeri Jember
17
2013
Aynoul Wahyud
Politeknik Negeri Jember
18
2014
Anggraini Vesty Maulinda
Politeknik Negeri Jember
19
2014
Liya Nurhartanti
Politeknik Negeri Jember
Dari data terlihat perkembangan jumlah mahasiswa yang magang di IRE dari tahun 2010 hingga tahun 2014 dengan jumlah total 19 orang. Pada tahun 2014 terdapat dua mahasiswa magang di IRE.
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c. Hibah Buku
108
IRE sebagai lembaga think tank advokasi aktif mendiseminasikan berbagai hasil penelitian yang dilakukan ke dalam buku-buku yang diterbitkan oleh IRE sendiri maupun bekerjasama dengan lembaga lain. Di samping buku IRE juga aktif menuangkan pikiran kritis, hasil riset maupun kajian ke dalam policy brief serta jurnal dan majalah. Selain untuk mengisi perpustakaan, IRE juga aktif membagikan produk-
3 2012
Heni Septi Wulandari
Universitas Diponegoro
11
2012
Trio Rhizza Firmansyah
Politeknik Negeri Jember
12
2012
Hery Purwanto
Politeknik Negeri Jember
13
2012
Mohammad Yusuf Politeknik Negeri Jember
14
2012
Achmad Ghoffur Rosady
Politeknik Negeri Jember
15
2013
Agung Yoga Pradana
Politeknik Negeri Jember
16
2013
Aditya Arief Budiman
Politeknik Negeri Jember
17
2013
Aynoul Wahyud
Politeknik Negeri Jember
18
2014
Anggraini Vesty Maulinda
Politeknik Negeri Jember
19
2014
Liya Nurhartanti
Politeknik Negeri Jember
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
10
From the data above, it can be seen the growth in the number of students who had internship at IRE from 2010 to 2014 with the total of 19 people. In 2014, there were two student having internship at IRE.
IRE as an active advocacy think tank has disseminated various results of researches conducted into the books published either by IRE itself or in cooperation with other institutions. In addition to books, IRE has also actively put its critical thinking, the results of researches, and studies into policy briefs, journals, and magazines. In addition to filling the library, IRE has also actively distributed the products the dis-
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
c. Grant of Books
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3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
produk diseminasi tersebut kepada masyarakat maupun NGO/SO lain khusunya mereka yang ingin mempelajari lebih lanjut tentang isu-isu desa. Lebih dari seribu buku telah didistribusikan selama kurun tahun 2014. IRE juga menerima hibah buku dari berbagai lembaga maupun individu. Buku-buku perolehan hibah tersebut kemudian menjadi koleksi perpusatakaan IRE yang dapat diakses baik oleh internal IRE maupun masyarakat luas. Tabel 4. Daftar Hibah Buku Keluar Tahun 2014
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No
110
Jenis
Judul
Jumlah
1
Buku
Annual Report IRE 2012
41
2
Buku
Annual Report IRE 2013
15
3
Buku
Bangsawan dan Kuasa
1
4
Buku
Daerah Inklusif
41
5
Buku
Dari Representasi Simbolik Menuju Representasi Substantif
42
6
Buku
Demokratisasi Negara
1
7
Buku
Developing Democracy
5
8
Buku
Dewan Perwakilan Daerah
9
Buku
Ecofeminisme
105 4
10
Buku
Geliat Negeri Menata Diri
27
11
Buku
Gerakan Sosial Baru
85
12
Buku
Kelompok Kekerasan dan Bos Lokal
6
13
Buku
Keuangan dan Aset Desa
46
14
Buku
Kolonialisme
1
15
Buku
Masyarakat Paska Militer
2
16
Buku
Matasiri
6
17
Buku
Materialisme Sejarah Kejatuhan Soeharto
18
Buku
Mempertemukan Dua Hulu
8
19
Buku
Menjembatani Rakyat dan Negara
2
102
3
Table 4. The List of Books Given as Grant in 2014
Types
Titles
Number
1
Book
Annual Report IRE 2012
41
2
Book
Annual Report IRE 2013
15
3
Book
Bangsawan dan Kuasa
1
4
Book
Daerah Inklusif
41
5
Book
Dari Representasi Simbolik Menuju Representasi Substantif
42
6
Book
Demokratisasi Negara
1
7
Book
Developing Democracy
5
8
Book
Dewan Perwakilan Daerah
9
Book
Ecofeminisme
4
10
Book
Geliat Negeri Menata Diri
27
11
Book
Gerakan Sosial Baru
85
12
Book
Kelompok Kekerasan dan Bos Lokal
6
13
Book
Keuangan dan Aset Desa
46
14
Book
Kolonialisme
1
15
Book
Masyarakat Paska Militer
2
16
Book
Matasiri
6
17
Book
Materialisme Sejarah Kejatuhan Soeharto
18
Book
Mempertemukan Dua Hulu
8
19
Book
Menjembatani Rakyat dan Negara
2
105
102
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No
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semination for the public or other NGO / SO, especially for those that wanted to learn more about the issues on village. More than a thousand books have been distributed during 2014. IRE has also received grant of books from various organizations and individuals. The books from the grant have become IRE’s library collection that can be accessed by both internal IRE and the public.
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3
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
112
20
Buku
Meretas Jalan Perdamaian di Tanah Papua
5
21
Buku
Mitos Jogja
1
22
Buku
Mutiara Perubahan
5
23
Buku
Negara Sibuk Rakyat Terpuruk
10
24
Buku
Pembaharuan Pemerintahan Desa
1
25
Buku
Pembangunan yang Meninggikan Desa
1
26
Buku
Pendangkalan Politik
11
27
Buku
Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Desa
214
28
Buku
Pentas Poltik
105
29
Buku
Persembahan Perempuan Untuk Desa
39
30
Buku
Prakarsa Desentralisasi dan Otonomi Desa
15
31
Buku
11
32
Buku
Reason In
1
33
Buku
Profil IRE
56
34
Buku
Republik Tanpa Ruang Publik
56
35
Buku
Refleksi dan Aksi Untuk Rakyat
Sekolah Desa
61
36
Buku
SOP Administrasi 2013
1
37
Buku
SOP Pengelolaan Keuangan 2013
1
38
Buku
SOP Pengendalian Kualitas Penulisan 2013
2
39
Buku
SOP Publikasi 2013
2
40
Buku
Stocktake Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Desa ACESS
41
Buku
UNDEF
5
42
Buku
Mendemokratisasi Negara, Pasar, dan Masyarakat Sipil
4
43
Buku
Menabur Kharisma Menuai Kuasa
1
44
Buku
Mempekuat Representasi Politik Dari Kritik
1
250
3 Book
Meretas Jalan Perdamaian di Tanah Papua
5
21
Book
Mitos Jogja
1
22
Book
Mutiara Perubahan
5
23
Book
Negara Sibuk Rakyat Terpuruk
10
24
Book
Pembaharuan Pemerintahan Desa
1
25
Book
Pembangunan yang Meninggikan Desa
1
26
Book
Pendangkalan Politik
11
27
Book
Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Desa
214
28
Book
Pentas Poltik
105
29
Book
Persembahan Perempuan Untuk Desa
39
30
Book
Prakarsa Desentralisasi dan Otonomi Desa
15
31
Book
11
32
Book
Reason In
1
33
Book
Profil IRE
56
34
Book
Republik Tanpa Ruang Publik
56
35
Book
Refleksi dan Aksi Untuk Rakyat
Sekolah Desa
61
36
Book
SOP Administrasi 2013
1
37
Book
SOP Pengelolaan Keuangan 2013
1
38
Book
SOP Pengendalian Kualitas Penulisan 2013
2
39
Book
SOP Publikasi 2013
2
40
Book
Stocktake Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Desa ACESS
41
Book
UNDEF
5
42
Book
Mendemokratisasi Negara, Pasar, dan Masyarakat Sipil
4
43
Book
Menabur Kharisma Menuai Kuasa
1
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
20
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
250
113
3
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
114
45
Jurnal
Jurnal Mandatory
46
Leaflet
Leaflet Sekolah Desa
135 5
47
Majalah
Flamma
267
48
Policy Brief
Belajar Dari Desa Untuk Ketahanan Pangan
10
49
Policy Brief
Bumdes Membangun Kemakmuran Desa
10
50
Policy Brief
Kemenangan dan Kepastian Desa
10
51
Policy Brief
Modal Sosial Industri Kecil Pedesaan
10
52
Policy Brief
Pemekaran Desa
10
53
Policy Brief
Pengembangan Aset Desa
10
54
Policy Brief
Politik Kaum Perempuan
10
55
Policy Brief
Tata Kelola Anggaran Dana Desa
10
56
Policy Paper
Gunung Kidul
13
57
Policy Paper
Memperbesar dan Memperkuat Penghidupan Berkelanjutan Utuk Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Gunung Kidul
1
3 Mempekuat Representasi Politik Dari Kritik
45
Journal
Jurnal Mandatory
46
Leaflet
Leaflet Sekolah Desa
49
47
1 135 5
Magazine Flamma
267
Policy Brief
Belajar Dari Desa Untuk Ketahanan Pangan
10
Policy Brief
Bumdes Membangun Kemakmuran Desa
10
50
Policy Brief
Kemenangan dan Kepastian Desa
10
51
Policy Brief
Modal Sosial Industri Kecil Pedesaan
10
52
Policy Brief
Pemekaran Desa
10
53
Policy Brief
Pengembangan Aset Desa
10
54
Policy Brief
Politik Kaum Perempuan
10
55
Policy Brief
Tata Kelola Anggaran Dana Desa
10
56
Policy Paper
Gunung Kidul
13
57
Policy Paper
Memperbesar dan Memperkuat Penghidupan Berkelanjutan Untuk Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Gunung Kidul
1
48
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Book
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
44
115
3 Dinamika Program dan Kegiatan Kelembagaan
Tabel 5. Daftar Buku Hibah yang Diterima Tahun 2014
No LkiS
3
2
Bina Swadaya
5
3
Individu
1
4
Individu
1
5
STPN
21
6
Individu
11
7
Individu
4
8
Interfidier
5
Universitas Indonesia
3
FPPD
66
11
Individu
2
12
Individu
11
13
Insist
2
14
PSKK
2
15
Yayasan Obor
2
16
Prorep
94
17
Forum Masyarakat Sipil
3
18
CSIS
3
19
Paramadina
2
20
KPI
8
10
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Jumlah
1
9
116
Asal
3 Source
Number
1
LkiS
3
2
Bina Swadaya
5
3
Individu
1
4
Individu
1
5
STPN
21
6
Individu
11
7
Individu
4
8
Interfidie
5
9
Universitas Indonesia
3
10
FPPD
66
11
Individu
2
12
Individu
11
13
Insist
2
14
PSKK
2
15
Yayasan Obor
2
16
Prorep
94
17
Forum Masyarakat Sipil
3
18
CSIS
3
19
Paramadina
2
20
KPI
8
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
No
The Dynamics of The Program and The Activities of The Institution
Table 5. The List of Books Received from Grant in 2014
117
Bab Chapter
4
FORUM MITRA IRE Selama tahun 2014 IRE melakukan kerja sama dengan berbagai pihak, mulai dari tingkat desa hingga lembaga internasional. Beragam bentuk kerjasama yan terjalin baik berupa kegiatan diskusi, seminar, pemberdayaan masyarakat, maupun penelitian. Dari sejumlah kerjasama tersebut berikut sebagian komentar, pesan, dan harapan mereka kepada IRE.
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
a. Hj. Nihayatul Wafiroh (Anggota Fraksi PKB DPR RI 2014-2019)
118
“Sudah dua kali saya menjalin kerjasama dengan IRE. Pertama sebagai penulis di majalah Flamma. Kedua, sebagai pembicara dalam public hearing. Artikel saya yang dimuat di Flamma, majalah IRE, membahas perjuangan seorang perempuan dalam membangun desanya. Bagi saya, Flamma merupakan ruang untuk menyampaikan ide-ide tentang desa. Sebab, saya mengenal IRE sebagai lembaga yang sangat konsisten dalam memperjuangkan penguatan desa.” “Salah satu strategi IRE tersebut dengan menerbitkan majalah merupakan
4 A Forum for the Partners of IRE
A FORUM FOR THE PARTNERS OF IRE During 2014, IRE cooperated with various parties, from village level to international institutions. Various cooperation was established in the form of discussion, seminar, community development, and research. From a number of collaborations, below are some of the comments, messages, and hopes for IRE.
“I have cooperated with IRE twice. The first was as a writer of Flamma Magazine, and the second was as the speaker in a public hearing. My article published in Flamma, the magazine of IRE, discusses the struggle of women in building her village. For me, Flamma is a space to express ideas about village, because I know IRE as an institution that is very consistent in fighting for the strengthening of village. “ “One of IRE’s strategies is to publish magazine which is a precise strategy in carrying out its role as an intermediary between civil society and the government. With
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
a. Hj. Nihayatul Wafiroh (A Member of PKB Faction of DPR RI 2014-2019)
119
4 Forum Mitra IRE
strategi tepat dalam menjalankan perannya sebagai intermediary antara masyarakat sipil dengan pemerintah. Dengan media cetak, masyarakat memiliki ruang untuk menyampaikan ide-idenya untuk menjadi pembicaraan publik, tidak tenggelam dalam wilayah personal. Karenanya, tidak berlebihan, kalau saya sebut IRE sebagai institusi yang sangat artikulatif dalam menyampaikan ide-ide masyarakat sipil. Bagi pemangku kebijakan, media itu dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan” “Diskusi publik yang pernah saya ikuti bertema mempertemukan agenda sipil dengan agenda parlemen 2014-2019. Dalam diskusi tersebut IRE mewacanakan bagi para legislator dan CSO untuk saling berjejaring. Dengan berjejaring semacam itu, IRE terbukti merupakan institusi yang dapat menjadi jembatan bagi perbaikan sistem dan institusi pemerintah. Bagi saya, dalam kapasitas sebagai anggota parlemen, berjejaring dengan CSO tentu dapat membantu dalam menjalankan fungsi pembuatan undang-undang, penganggaran dan pengawasan.” “Orang-orang yang terlibat di IRE, setahu saya, adalah para pakar yang sangat diperhitungkan pernyataannya dalam kancah perpolitikan di Indonesia. Buktinya banyak pernyataan mereka yang dikutip di media nasional maupun daerah.”
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
“Berdasarkan pengalaman tersebut, ke depan, saya kira IRE merupakan lembaga yang akan menjadi rujukan masyarakat sipil untuk kritis terhadap kebijakan publik, sekaligus menjadi rujukan utama bagi pemangku kebijakan di negeri ini saat akan mengambil keputusan. lembaga ini akan menjadi motor penggerak reformasi birokrasi tata kelola pemerintahan desa, yang tentu dapat mendorong perbaikan sistem demokrasi di negeri kita tercinta.”
120
4
“The public discussion I’ve ever attended had a theme on matching civil agenda to the agenda of parliament from 2014 – 2019. In the discussion, IRE suggested that legislators and CSOs had a network with each other. In that kind of networking, IRE has been proven as an institution that can be a bridge for the improvement of systems and government institutions. For me, in the capacity as a Member of the Parliament, networking with CSOs can certainly help in performing the functions of legislation, budgeting and supervision. “
A Forum for the Partners of IRE
printed media, the public has room to convey his ideas to be a public discussion, not drowned in personal territory. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration if I call IRE as an institution that is very articulate in conveying the ideas of civil society. For policy makers, the media can be a material for consideration in decision making process.”
“The people involved at IRE, as far as I know, are experts whose statements are highly reckoned in the political arena in Indonesia. It can be proven that many of their statements have quoted in national and local media. “
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
“Based on that experience, in the future, I guess IRE is an institution that will be a reference for civil society to be critical towards public policy as well as a main reference for policy makers in this country when they will make a decision. This institution will be the activator for village governance bureaucracy reform which, of course, can support the improvement of the democracy in our beloved country. “
121
4 Forum Mitra IRE
b. Kharisma Nugraha (Program Lead Knowledge Production and Intermediation-Knowledge Sector Initiavite (KSI) Indonesia) “Kami seringkali kesulitan memberikan definisi apa itu yang disebut sebagai knowledge sector dan aktivisme, dengan menyimak IRE, kita akan memahaminya.”
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
c. AE. Priyono (Direktur Eksekutif LP3ES)
122
“Di Jogja, ada dua lembaga studi yang meletakkan isu demokrasi sebagai tema kajiannya. Yang pertama adalah PWD, di bawah FISIPOL-UGM; dan yang kedua IRE. Jika PWD merumuskan demokrasi dalam trikotomi tematis demokrasi-kekuasan-kesejahteraan, maka triktomi IRE adalah demokrasi-pembangunan-kesejahteraan. Dengan sama-sama mengaitkan isu kesejahteraan dengan demokrasi, PWD dan IRE melihat demokrasi sebagai instrumen bagi pencapaian sebuah tujuan sosial-ekonomi. Angle ini tentu akan punya sumbangan besar bagi bergesernya fokus kajian-kajian demokrasi yang selama ini terkesan lebih terkonsentrasi pada isu tentang hak-hak sipil dan politik.”
4 A Forum for the Partners of IRE
b. Kharisma Nugraha (Program Lead Knowledge Production and Intermediation-Knowledge Sector Initiavite (KSI) Indonesia) “We often have difficulties in giving a definition of what is called as knowledge sector and activism. By noting IRE, we will understand.”
“In Yogyakarta, there are two institutions that put the issue of democracy as the theme of the studies. The first is PWD, under FISIPOL-UGM, and the second is IRE. If PWD formulates democracy in the thematic trichotomies of democracy-power-welfare, the trichotomies of IRE are democracy-development-welfare. With the similarity in associating the issues of democracy and welfare, PWD and IRE see democracy as an instrument for achieving socio-economic objectives. This angle will certainly have a major contribution to the shift of focus on the studies of democracy which has seemed more concentrated on the issue of civil rights and politics. “
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
c. AE. Priyono (The Executive Director of LP3ES)
123
4 Forum Mitra IRE
“Bisakah kita berharap, dengan membayangkan kolaborasi IREPWD, akan muncul apa yang mungkin bisa disebut “mazhab Jogja” untuk menandingi ortodoksi dominan lembaga-lembaga riset di Jakarta yang selama ini hanya melihat demokrasi sebagai proses politik elektoral? “
d. Mardiah Chamim (Direktur Eksekutif Tempo Institute)
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
“IRE adalah satu dari sedikit lembaga riset yang konsisten membangun kapasitas menulis. Kapasitas yang memungkinkan lembaga riset untuk lebih peka menerjemahkan penelitiannya dengan kondisi riil masyarakat. Kemampuan di bidang tulis-menulis inilah yang membuat IRE tetap relevan dan mampu mempengaruhi kebijakan dengan berdasar pengetahuan.”
124
4 A Forum for the Partners of IRE
“Can we hope that, by imagining the collaboration of IRE-PWD, there will appear what may be called as “mazhab Jogja” (Jogja school of thought) to compete with the dominant orthodoxy of research institutions in Jakarta, during which have only seen democracy as a process of electoral politics? “
d. Mardiah Chamim (The Executive Director of Tempo Institute)
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
“IRE is one of the few research institutions consistently building the capacity to write, the capacity which allows research institutions to be more sensitive to translate their research with the real conditions of society. This capability in writing makes IRE remain relevant and able to influence policy based on knowledge. “
125
Bab Chapter
5
PENUTUP
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Tahun politik 2014 telah melahirkan arus balik bagi bangsa ini. IRE berkesempatan turut menjadi bagian dalam melahirkan fenomena arus balik tersebut. Selain berkontribusi dalam mentransformasi kesadaran kritis dan pengetahuan kritis ke warga melalui produk-produk pengetahuan dan interaksi para peneliti IRE ke berbagai kelompok warga, IRE termasuk organisasi masyarakat sipil yang terdepan dalam melembagakan demokratisasi lokal di desa. Peran kontributif ini pasti menjadi capaian yang positif bagi IRE, namun harus terus dirawat agar arus balik ini tidak menciptakan efek negatif bagi masyarakat dan bangsa.
126
Narasi yang menggambarkan fenomena arus balik politik kewargaan ini di dalam annual report 2014 menjadi media refleksi kritis kami dalam berperan dan pertanggungjawaban kami kepada publik. Pun demikian dengan narasi kegiatan setiap klaster
5 Closing
The political year of 2014 has resulted in a turning point to this nation. IRE has an opportunity to become part in the birth of the phenomenon of backlash. In addition to contributing in transforming critical awareness and critical knowledge to citizens, through knowledge products and researchers‘ interaction to various groups of citizens, IRE is one of civil society organizations being forefront in instituting local democracy in the country. This contributive role will be a positive achievement of IRE. It however should be treated continuously in order that the reverse flows will not create negative effects to the society and the nation. The description on the phenomenon of a backlash in citizenship politics in this Annual Report 2014 is our critical reflection media to take a role and our responsibility to the public. Like wise, the narration on each cluster activities and cooperation with
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
CLOSING
127
5 Penutup
maupun kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak, menjadi ruang yang baik bagi IRE untuk berbagi pengalaman, pengetahuan dan inspirasi kepada publik. Harapannya dengan paparan seperti ini kami bisa memperoleh umpan balik dari publik, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki dan menyempurnakan kerja-kerja kami berikutnya.
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
IRE sebagai organisasi masyarakat sipil tentu memiliki keterbatasan dan tantangan dalam dukungan pendanaan. Tetapi hal ini tidak menjadikan IRE harus menutup diri atas sumber-sumber pendanaan yang dimiliki, besaran dana yang dikelola dan peruntukan dana yang digunakan. Dalam buku annual report 2014 ini kami melampirkan laporan keuangan yang telah diaudit oleh Kantor Akuntan Publik, sebagai bentuk dari upaya kami untuk menjalankan prinsip transparansi dan akuntabilitas kepada publik. Dengan langkah ini kami berharap publik memperoleh informasi yang memadai tentang kerja-kerja IRE dan dukungan pendanaannya. Sehingga IRE memperoleh kepercayaan publik, terutama dalam kerja-kerja produksi pengetahuan dan advokasi kebijakan.
128
5 Closing
various parties, becomes a supportive arena for IRE to share experiences, knowledge and inspiration to the public. Hopefully, by this kind of exposure we will gain feedback from the public, so it will contribute to the improvement of our future works.
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
As a civil society organization IRE exactly has limitations and challenges in funding support. They however will not make IRE closed in terms of the sources of funding it owns, the amount of funds to manage, and the usage of the fund allocation. This Annual Report 2014 also encloses the financial statements already audited by a Public Accountant, as our effort to uphold the principles of transparency and accountability to the public. With this commitment, hopefully the public will obtain sufficient information about the works of IRE and funding support. Thus, IRE will gain a public confidence, especially in the jobs of knowledge production and policy advocacy.
129
Bab Chapter
6 Lampiran
y Laporan Posisi Keuangan
y Laporan Aktifitas Keuangan
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
y Struktur Organisasi IRE
130
4 Appendixes
Appendixes
y Statement of Financial Position y Statement of Activities
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
y IRE Organization Structure
131
Lampiran
YAYASAN IRE FLAMMA LAPORAN POSISI KEUANGAN PER 31 DESEMBER 2014 (dengan perbandingan per 31 Desember 2013) Dalam Rupiah
Catatan ASET ASET LANCAR Kas dan setara kas Piutang Uang muka Aset Lancar Lainnya Jumlah Aset lancar ASET TIDAK LANCAR Aset tetap bersih Investasi Aset lain-lain Jumlah Aset Tidak Lancar ASET
31 Desember 2014
31 Desember 2013
3 4 5 6
2,492,781,706 357,339,590 28,350,000 1,436,270 2,879,907,566
2,336,568,466 336,377,970 410,650,000 1,436,270 3,085,032,706
7 8 9
1,224,238,618 215,000,000 190,097,940
1,296,939,830 415,000,000 190,097,940
1,629,336,558
1,902,037,770
4,509,244,124
4,987,070,476
6
132
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
YAYASAN IRE FLAMMA STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 (with comparative figure as of Desember 31, 2012) In Rupiahs
ASSET
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2013
3 4 5 6
2,492,781,706 357,339,590 28,350,000 1,436,270 2,879,907,566
2,336,568,466 336,377,970 410,650,000 1,436,270 3,085,032,706
7 9
1,224,238,618 190,097,940
1,296,939,830 190,097,940
ASSET
1,629,336,558
1,902,037,770
LIABILITIES AND NET ASSET
4,509,244,124
4,987,070,476
Total current assets NON CURRENT ASSET Net fixed asset Invesment Other asset Total current asset
6
133
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Appendixes
CURRENT ASSET Advances payment Other Current Asset
Note
Lampiran
LIABILITAS DAN ASET BERSIH LIABILITAS LANCAR Utang operasi
10
Jumlah Liabilitas
35,156,740
44,455,660
35,156,740
44,455,660
ASET BERSIH Aset bersih tidak terikat
11
3,549,719,710
3,441,279,758
Aset bersih terikat temporer
11
924,367,674
1,501,335,058
Jumlah Aset Bersih
4,474,087,384
4,942,614,816
LIABILITAS DAN ASET BERSIH
4,509,244,124
4,987,070,476
6
134
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
LIABILITIES AND NET ASSET CURRENT LIABILITIES Payables
10
Total liabilities
35,156,740
44,455,660
35,156,740
44,455,660
NET ASSET Unrestricted net asset
11
3,549,719,710
3,441,279,758
Temporarily restricted net asset
11
924,367,674
1,501,335,058
Total net assets
4,474,087,384
4,942,614,816
LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS
4,509,244,124
4,987,070,476
6
Appendixes
135
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Lampiran
YAYASAN IRE FLAMMA LAPORAN AKTIVITAS Untuk tahun yang berakhir pada tanggal 31 Desember 2014 (Dengan perbandingan untuk tahun yang berakhir pada 31 Desember 2013) Dalam Rupiah
Catatan
2014
2013
Dana Hibah
12; 2.4; 2.7
6,334,769,913
7,298,505,108
Jasa Layanan
12; 2.4; 2.7
3,080,300
849,500
Lainnya
12; 2.4; 2.7
258,459,024
123,397,883
6,596,309,237
7,422,752,491
Pendapatan dan Sumbangan
Total Pendapatan dan Sumbangan
6
136
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
YAYASAN IRE FLAMMA STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES For the year ended December 31, 2014 (With comparative figure for the year ended Descember 31, 2012) In Rupiahs Notes
2014
2013
12; 2.4; 2.7
6,334,769,913
7,298,505,108
Service Fee
12; 2.4; 2.7
3,080,300
849,500
Others
12; 2.4; 2.7
258,459,024
123,397,883
6,596,309,237
7,422,752,491
Total Revenue and Grants
6
137
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Appendixes
Revenue and Grants Grants
Lampiran
Pengeluaran Program Dana Terikat PT Semen Indonesia Exxon 1 (SBBTK) Mercy ACCES 1 ACCESS 2 ACCESS 3 - 4 Program Representation 1 Program Representation 2 UN HABITAT UN HABITAT 2 Research Triangle Institute 1 Research Triangle Institute 2 PLAN 3 & 1 ILO SKK MIGAS HIVOS Conoco Phillips TIFA
13.1 13.2 13.3; 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7; 13.8; 13.9 13.10; 13.11 13.12
1,787,710
7,433,176 869,998,385 629,235,780 444,851,180
1,778,991,125 579,689,300 249,930,800
623,256,006 557,984,070 -
13.13 13.14 13.15; 13.16 13.17 13.18; 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22
1,132,304,223 331,297,787 829,416,990 91,160 10,220 44,791,000 519,595,840
619,436,393 17,044,383 365,645,120 122,443,500 -
13.23 13.24
138,655,122 1,125,512
40,760 27,025
37,570,271
6
138
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
ACCESS 3-4 Program Representation 1 Program Representation 2 UN HABITAT UN HABITAT 2 Research Triangle Institute 1 Research Triangle Institute 2 PLAN 3 & 1 ILO SKK MIGAS HIVOS Conoco Phillips
138,655,122 1,125,512 1,787,710
7,433,176 869,998,385 629,235,780 444,851,180
1,778,991,125
623,256,006
13.10; 3.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15; 13.16 13.17 13.18; 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23
579,689,300 249,930,800 1,132,304,223 331,297,787 829,416,990 91,160 10,220 44,791,000 519,595,840 40,760
557,984,070 619,436,393 17,044,383 365,645,120 122,443,500 -
6
139
IRE ANNUAL REPORT 2014
13.1 13.2 13.3; 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7; 13.8; 13.9
Appendixes
Expenditures Restricted Fund Program PT Semen Indonesia Exxon 1 (SBBTK) Mercy ACCES 1 ACCES 2
Lampiran
TOTAL TOTAL 2 SHAW PLAN 2 TAF FORD
13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 13.29 13.30
15,000,000 27,700,000 29,400,000 98,000,000 -
-
-
1,688,558,980 19,763,276
5,777,854,574
6,003,220,520
13,901,080
83,486,380
Personalia
833,101,910
693,275,000
Depresiasi Biaya Overhead Lain-lain
205,970,180 99,442,050 67,977,720
177,461,105 116,579,348 84,157,332
Sub Jumlah
Program Dana Tidak Terikat Biaya Program Manajemen dan Umum
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TIFA TOTAL TOTAL 2 SHAW PLAN 2 TAF FORD
13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 13.29 13.30 Sub Total
27,025 15,000,000 27,700,000 29,400,000 98,000,000 -
37,570,271 1,688,558,980 19,763,276
5,777,854,574
6,003,220,520
13,901,080
83,486,380
Unrestricted Fund Program
693,275,000 177,461,105 116,579,348 84,157,332
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833,101,910 205,970,180 99,442,050 67,977,720
Appendixes
Program Implementaion Management and General Personnel Depreciaion Overhead Others
Lampiran
Sub Jumlah
1,220,392,940
1,154,959,165
Total Beban
6,998,247,514
7,158,179,685
PERUBAHAN ASET BERSIH
(401,938,277)
264,572,807
ASET BERSIH AWAL TAHUN
4,942,614,816
4,672,623,517
(66,589,155)
5,418,492
4,474,087,384
4,942,614,816
KOREKSI ASET BERSIH ASET BERSIH AKHIR TAHUN
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1,220,392,940
1,154,959,165
Total Expenditures
6,998,247,514
7,158,179,685
CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
(401,938,277)
264,572,807
NET ASSETS BEGINNING BALANCE
4,942,614,816
4,672,623,517
CORRECTION IN NET ASSETS
(66,589,155)
NET ASSET AT THE END OF YEAR
4,474,087,384
4,942,614,816
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5,418,492
Appendixes
Sub Total
Lampiran
STRUKTUR ORGANISASI BADAN EKSEKUTIF IRE YOGYAKARTA Periode 2013-2015 BOARD
Direktur Eksekutif
M&E
(Deputi Pengembangan Program dan Jaringan)
(Deputi Pengembangan SDM dan Kelembagaan)
Manajer Keuangan
Manajer Program
Manajer Program
Panel Ahli
Manejer Program
Manajer Komunikasi
Sistem Informasi
Manajer Kantor dan SDM
Data & Pustaka Publikasi Deepening Democracy
Governance and Policy Reform
Community Development & Empowerment
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE EXECUTIVE BOARD - IRE YOGYAKARTA Periode 2013-2015 BOARD
Executive Director
M&E Deputy of Insituional and Human Resource Development
Financial Manajer
Deputy of Networking and Program Development
Program Manager
Program Manager
Expert Panel
Program Manager
Ofice Manager & HRD
Communication Manager
Information System Data & Lecture Publication Community Development & Empowerment
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Governance and Policy Reform
Appendixes
Deepening Democracy
6
Lampiran
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Catatan :