ARTIKEL - Januari 2013, Vol.9, No.3 Efek suplementasi vitamin A pada ibu nifas terhadap pertumbuhan bayi umur 0-4 bulan

Jurnal Vol.9 No.3 Written by ijcn.or.id

ARTIKEL - Januari 2013, Vol.9, No.3 Efek suplementasi vitamin A pada ibu nifas terhadap pertumbuhan bayi umur 0-4 bulan Abdullah 1 , Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono 2 , Siti Helmyati 3 ABSTRACT Background : Vitamin A defi ciency is a nutritional problem in infants since breastmilk insuffi ciently contains vitamin A. Therefore it is necessary to study the effect of vitamin A supplementation to mothers at parturition period on growth and morbidities of infants at 0-4 months of age. Objective : To identify the effect of vitamin A supplementation to mothers at parturition period on growth and morbidities of infants at 0-4 months of age. Method : We conducted a randomized controlled trial from March-July 2009 at Province of Lampung. We recruited 90 mothers that were grouped into vitamin A supplementation group and socialization about vitamin A group during parturition period. The outcomes of this study were growth in WHZ and morbidities of infants at 0-4 months of age measured as duration of acute diarrhea and upper respiratory infections. Statistical analysis was performed by using Chi-Square and t-test. Result : The growth of infants of 0-4 months from vitamin A supplemented mothers was not signifi cantly different from the socialization group. Duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection of infants from supplemented mothers at parturition period was signifi cantly shorter than of infants from socialization group. Conclusion : The growth of infant at 0-4 months of age from vitamin A supplemented mothers at parturition period were not signifi cantly different from those who were from education group. Duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection of infants from vitamin A supplemented mothers at parturition period were shorter than those who were from education group. Key words : vitamin A supplementation, mothers at parturition period, infant, growth, morbidities

Korespondensi: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Lampung, Jl. Dr. Susilo No. 44 Pahoman, Bandar Lampung, Telp. (0721) 252412, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito/ Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No 1, Yogyakarta 55281, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Program Studi Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281 1

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Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, status gizi, dan prestasi belajar siswa sekolah dasar Akhmad Sujai1, Maria Goretti Adiyanti2, Emy Huriyati3 ABSTRACT Background : Poverty and lack of income will cause inability of the family to provide enough and nutritious food for all the family members. Fulfi llment of nutritious food will bring direct impact to nutrition status of children. Malnutrition will affect brain development and intelligence that in the long run disrupts academic achievement. Objective : To identify association between food security of the household and nutrition status with academic achievement of elementary school students at Yogyakarta Municipality. Method : The study was observational with cross sectional design. Samples were students of grade V of elementary school at Subdistrict of Gedongtengen, Yogyakarta Municipality. Data of food security of the house were obtained through interview based on questionnaire of Radimer/Cornell, nutritional status data used height for age collected by measurement, and academic achievement through secondary data, i.e. original score of fi nal semester examination. Statistical analysis was performed by using Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact test. Result : As much as 67.6% of the household were food insecure and 13.3% of students were stunted. Food security of the household was signifi cantly associated with nutrition status (p=0.033) and achievement in mathematics (p=0.045). There was association between nutrition status and achievement in mathematics (p=0.035); Indonesia language (p=0.000); and combined achievement in Mathematics, Indonesia language and science (p=0.004). Conclusion : There was association between food security of the household and nutritional status with academic achievement of student. There was association between food security of the household and nutrition status. Key words : household, food security, nutritional status, academic achievement

Korespondensi: Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Jl. Gatot Subroto Gerung, Lombok Barat, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Humaniora No. 1, Bulaksumur 55281 3 Program Studi Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281 1


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Hipoalbuminemia prabedah sebagai faktor prognostik enterokolitis pascabedah penderita megakolon kongenital( Hirschsprung’s disease) Rochadi1 ABSTRACT Hirschsprung’s disease or congenital megacolon is the congenital absence of ganglion cells in the colon. The rectum is always involved and in 90% of patients the abnormality is confi ned to the rectum and sigmoid. Absence of ganglion cells prevents peristalsis, resulting in functional obstruction. The success of Hirschsprung’s treatment depends on many factors such as age at the time of operation, body weight, hemoglobin levels, albumin levels, length of operation, length of stay and other prognostic factors. Post operative enterocolitis and other complications still represent as the problem wich often are faced by pediatric surgeons. Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of albumin levels on postoperative enterocolitis in children presenting with congenital megacolon. Method : We conducted an ambidirectional cohort study involving children presenting with Hirschsprung’s disease in Dr. Sardjito, Panti Rapih and Permata Husada hospitals in Yogyakarta city from January 2005 to December 2010. All children had been operated using ERPT and PSNRHD methods. The subjects were classifi ed into normoalbuminemia (>3.5 g/dl) and hypoalbuminemia ( <3.5 g/dl). The effect of albumin levels on postoperative enterocolitis were indicated by relative risk and 95% confi dence interval. Result : Out of 104 children with Hirschsprung’s disease, 53 (51%) were hypoalbuminemic and 51 (49%) were normoalbuminemia. Postoperative enterocolitis was found in 18 (17.3%) children, 11/18 (61.1%) of them were hypoalbuminemia, whereas 7/18 (38.9%) were normoalbuminemia. Albumin levels were not signifi cant prognostic factor for postoperative enterocolitis in children with congenital megacolon (RR=1.51; 95% CI:0.64-3.60; p=0.34). Conclusion : The albumin levels are not prognostic factor for postoperative enterocolitis in children with congenital megacolon. Key words: postoperative enterocolitis, preoperative albumin level, congenital megacolon

Korespondensi: Bagian Bedah Anak, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito, Jl. Kesehatan No 1, Yogyakarta 55281, Telp (0274) 631036 1

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Pemberian taburia (sprinkle) berpengaruh terhadap lama dan frekuensi diare akut anak

Sopiyandi1, Muhammad Juffrie2, Susetyowati3 ABSTRACT Background : Major causes of mortality in children are diarrhea and pneumonia (25.2% and 15.5%). “Five steps of diarrhea management” is an integrated approach in the management of diarrhea comprising the supplementation of oral rehydration, zinc within 10 days subsequently, breastfeeding and food, selective antibiotics and advice for the mother/family. Zinc supplementation combined with vitamin A and micronutrient on children with the diarrhea had been researchead that result can minimize morbidity, duration and frequency of diarrhea, and the incidence of recurrent diarrhea. Objective : To fi nd out the effect of taburia supplementation (sprinkle) on duration and frequency of diarrhea. Method : The study was randomized controlled trial (RCT) with parallel design. Subject consisted of two groups, the fi rst got therapy of taburia (sprinkle) 1 sachet/day and the second was the control group. Each group got standard diarrhea medication at the health center. Samples consisted of 30 children of 1-5 years old per group and they were obtained by using simple randomization technique. Statistical analysis was performed by using Chi-Square and t-test. Result : Duration of diarrhea of the experiment group was 33.25 + 18.08 hours (95% CI: 26.49 - 40.00) and the control group was 43.7 + 19.25 hours (95% CI: 36,50 - 50,89). Frequency of diarrhea of the experiment group was 4.93 + 3.41 times/day (95% CI: 3,41-3,65) and the control group was 6.33

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+ 3.20 times/day (95% CI: 5.13-7.53). The result of statistic test showed that there was effect of taburia supplementation to duration and frequency of diarrhea (p<0.05). Conclusion : Supplementation of taburia (sprinkle) in the standard therapy of diarrhea shortened the duration and minimized the frequency of diarrhea. Key words : acute diarrhea, duration of diarrhea, frequency of diarrhea

Korespondensi: Jurusan Gizi Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Pontianak, Jl. 28 Oktober Siantan Hulu Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat, Telp. 081257686869, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito/Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No 1, Yogyakarta, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Program Studi Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281, e-mail: susetyowati2000@ yahoo.com 1


Konsumsi rokok dan asupan zat gizi balita pada rumah tangga miskin Winda Irwanti1, Madarina Julia2, Yayi Suryo Prabandari3 ABSTRACT Background : Eradication of poverty and starvation is still an agenda of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2015 due to the serious impact of poverty and starvation to human beings. Poverty and starvation are worsened by smoking habit of the Indonesian population. Expenditures used for cigarettes may bring bad impact to the health of toddlers, including lack of nutrient intake. However, until today it is not yet precisely known how much lack of nutrient intake in toddlers caused by cigarette consumption. Objective : To identify difference in nutrient intake of energy and protein of toddlers based on the amount of cigarettes consumed in poor household at Yogyakarta Municipality. Methods : The study used cross sectional design. Subject consisted of 86 toddlers of two-fi ve years living in poor household at Yogyakarta Municipality. Cigarette consumption, mother of toddlers and all members of the family were obtained from interview. Method to assess intake

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was multiple 24 hours food recall within four days, whereas interview was used to assess cigarette consumption. Statistical analysis was performed by using Two Sample Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, regression, and Chi-Square. Result : As much as 77.9% of poor household had at least one smoker. There was no signifi cant difference in intake of energy and protein of toddlers living with smokers and non smokers, though percentage of expenditure for food was signifi cantly lower in the household with smokers. This might be due to high consumption of food with high energy density at affordable price and protein at low price. Snacks were the third most consumed by toddlers and 40% of animal protein consumed were eggs. Conclusion : There was no signifi cant difference in intake of energy and protein of toddlers living in the poor household with smokers and those living with non smokers, but percentage of expenditure for food signifi cantly lower in household with smokers. Key words : poor household, cigarette, nutrient intake, toddlers, smokers, non smokers

Korespondensi: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Alma Ata Yogyakarta, Jl. Ringroad Barat Daya No. 1, Tamantirto, Yogyakarta, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito/Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No 1 Yogyakarta, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Program Studi S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281 1


Pengaruh konseling gizi dan penambahan makanan terhadap asupan zat gizi dan status gizi pasien HIV/AIDS Yuniarti1, Martalena Br Purba2, Retno Pangastuti3 ABSTRACT Background : Acquired Immunodefi ciency Syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome of opportunistic disease due to decreased immunity in patient HIV/AIDS with the symptom of losing weight progressively and low nutrition status. To cover the condition, it is necessary to give nutrition support. Objectives : To compare the effect of nutrition counseling and nutrition supplementation with nutrition counseling only towards the nutrition status and nutrition intake of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).

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Methods : The study was experimental non randomized control group pre-post test design. Subject consisted of two groups i.e. nutrition counseling plus (with nutrition supplementation) and nutrition counseling only. The study was carried out at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from January to March 2012. The sample were taken purposively with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test and linear regression to calculate nutrient intake and nutrition status. Results : The energy intake of nutrition counseling plus group showed signifi cantly higher amount than the group with nutrition counseling only (change of 141.40 kcal vs 15.99 kcal; OR=4.96). Protein intake was insignifi cantly higher than nutrition counseling (change of 6.28 g vs 5.11 g; OR=1.94), weight were insignifi cantly lower than nutrition counseling (change of 0.46 kg vs 0.75 kg; OR=1.21), and nutrition status were insignifi cantly lower than nutrition counseling (changes in body mass index 0.18 kg/m2 vs 0.32 kg/m2; OR=1.25). Conclusion : Nutrition counseling plus could increase energy intake but could not increase protein intake, weight, and body mass index. Key words :nutrition counseling plus, nutrition counseling, nutrition status, nutrient intake, PLWHA

Korespondensi: Jurusan Gizi Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Maluku, Jl. Laksdya Leo Wattimena, Negeri Lama, Ambon, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Instalasi Gizi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito, Jl. Kesehatan No 1, Yogyakarta 55281, e-mail: [email protected] 3Instalasi Gizi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito, Jl. Kesehatan No 1, Yogyakarta 55281 1


Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kadar malondialdehyde plasma pada penyandang diabetes mellitus tipe 2 Nazarina1, Reviana Christijani1, Yunita Diana Sari1 ABSTRACT Background : Diabetic is associated with the risk of having lipid peroxidation causing macro and micro vascular diseases. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a mutagen product of lipid peroxidation. Objectives : This research was to identify some factors associated to plasma MDA (P-MDA) level in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Methods : Eighty two subjects were randomly recruited. Subjets were members of Persadia, physical training club for diabetic at Mardjoeki Mahdi Hospital in Bogor. Data of fruits, vegetables, and nuts-legumes-seeds consumption were collected by interviewing using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Fasting blood glucose and plasma MDA were assayed using Wills method, based on the reaction of thiobarbituric acid. Other data such as physical training, smoking status, and diseases history were collected by interviewing using structured questionnaires. Nutritional status data was determined as body mass index. All data was analyzed using Odds Ratio (OR) and logistic regression test to identify the dominant factors contributed to P-MDA level. Results : Factors that contribute to P-MDA level is vegetables, nuts-legumes-seeds consumption and physical training. Consuming vegetables less than 300 g/d and nuts-legumes-seeds less than 2.5 servings/d are associated signifi cantly with having high level of P-MDA (?0.8 nmol/L), respectively OR=5 (95%CI:1.154-22.02) and OR=4.8 (95%CI:1.26-18.57). Not having physical activity routinely is risk for having high level P-MDA (OR=1.3; 95%CI:1.12-1.45). Those factors are associated to P-MDA level independently. Conclusion : Vegetables and nuts-legumes-seeds consumption have a signifi cant contribution to P-MDA level, it is important to know further which type and chemical content in those food that can prevent lipid peroxidation. Key words : type 2 diabetes mellitus, plasma MDA, vegetables, nuts-legumes-seeds, physical training

Korespondensi: Pusat Teknologi Terapan Kesehatan dan Epidemiologi Klinik, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan, Jl. DR. Semeru No.63, Bogor 16112, e-mail: [email protected] 1


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ARTIKEL - Januari 2013, Vol.9, No.3 Efek suplementasi vitamin A pada ibu nifas terhadap pertumbuhan bayi umur 0-4 bulan

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