AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION OF CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
By: EMI WIDIASTUTI 2009-32-250
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2013
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AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION OF CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in the Department of English Education
By: EMI WIDIASTUTI 2009-32-250
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2013
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO Say no to hopelesness. If Allah has a will, so it is happened. “Whatever your past may have been, but your future is still spotless” “A person who never made mistake, never tried anything new”
DEDICATION This skripsi is dedicated to:
Allah SWT (the best Architec in my life).
My beloved parents (Mr. Santoso and Mrs. Lasmi) who always give me love, pray and support.
My beloved sister (Eva Adelia Agustina) who gives motivation in finishing this research.
My late grandfather and uncle (Mr. Matrejo and Mr. Sutarno) who always did the best and supported me when they were still alive.
My beloved friends who always support me. iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL This is to certify that the Skripsi of Aniq Emi Widiastuti (2009-32-250) has been approved by the Skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee. Kudus, July 15, 2013 Advisor I
Advisor II
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Emi Widiastuti (2009-32-250) has been approved by the examining committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English Education.
Kudus, July 2013 Skripsi Examining Committee
Chairperson
Member
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo,S.S, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001187
Member
Member
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alkhamdulillah. Praise to Allah, my gratitude runs to Allah who gives me an amazing power in accomplishing my skripsi entitled “An Analysis of LogicoSemantic Relation of Clause Complexes in Breaking News of VOA”. I realize, without any support, suggestion, encouragement, and guidance from many people I would not be able to finish this skripsi. In this opportunity, then I would like to express her deep appreciation to: 1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department of Muria Kudus University. 3. Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd. as the first advisor who has given guidance, correction, and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this research. 4. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the second advisor who has given guidance, correction, and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this research. 5. The lecturers English Education Department who have given me great knowledge, so that the writer can finish writing this research. 6. My beloved parents (Mr. Santoso and Mrs. Lasmi) who always give me love, pray, care and support. 7.
My beloved sister (Eva Adelia Agustina) who gives me motivation in finishing this research.
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8. My late grandfather and uncle (Mr. Matrejo and Mr. Sutarno) who always did the best and supported me when they were still alive. 9. My beloved special friends of life (Auw, Ifa, Dwi, Erni, Anik, Nay, Nafis, Vivin) who give me a worth togetherness. 10. My close friend (J), for his pray and care. 11. And to all everyone who gives me support that I can not mention one by one. Finally, I will happily welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion. Hopefully, the research would give contribution for the lecturer/teacher and students.
Emi Widiastuti
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ABSTRACT Widiastuti, Emi. 2013. An Analysis of Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause Complexes in Breaking News of VOA. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd., (ii) Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd. Key words: Logico-Semantic Relation, Clause Complex, Breaking News of VOA. Logico semantic relation is the way in which clauses either independent or dependent build on the meaning of the clauses that are related. It means that to realize the meaning in a clause complex, we need logico-semantic relation. Students still have many difficulties in analyzing clause complex. It means that they also have difficulties in understanding logico-semantic relation. I analyze logico-semantic relation of clause complexes in breaking newsof VOA, especially entertaiment news. Because, I assume that there are many students are interested in watching entertainment news, especially the students of Muria Kudus University. The objective of this research is to discover the use of logico-semantic relation of clause complexes in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA in 2013 edition. That main objective involves two further objectives are to discover the types of taxis used in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA in 2013 edition and to discover the kinds of logico-semantic relation used in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA 2013 edition This is descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research is logicosemantic relation meanwhile the entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA is as the data source of the research. Based on the finding of this research, the types of logico-semantic relation that mostly use in the entertaiment news of breaking news’ VOA is Elaboration which the reporter of the entertaiment news of breaking news’ VOA elaborates on the meaning of another by further specifying or describing. To report a news, we should give a clear information by elaborating it to avoid misunderstanding. And the least use is idea. Idea is what the someone thought and sense. It means that if we give information to the listener, it should be be fact. And the truth that someone thought and sense is not sure yet. The listener will be doubt if we give information use projection idea. From this research, I hope the lectures and students pay attention more the logico-semantic relation, especially elaboration because it is the mostly use. And for the further researcher, I hope that the next researchers can develop their study probably by conducting a much more detail study about this related topic but in other data source. ix
ABSTRAK Widiastuti, Emi. 2013. Analisis hubungan logico-semantic dalam kalusa kompleks di liputan berita VOA. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pebimbing: (i) Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd., (ii) Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd. Kata kunci: Hubungan logico-semantic , klausa kompleks, liputan berita VOA Hubungan logico-semantic adalah proses dimana klausa induk ataupun klausa anak membangun makna dari klausa-klausa yang berhubungan. Itu berarti untukmerealisasikan makna dalam sebuah klausa kompleks kita membutuhkan hubungan makna yang logis. Para murid masih mempunyai banyak kesulitan dalam menganalisis klausa kompleks. Itu berarti mereka juga mempunyai kesulitan dalam memahami hubungan logico-semantic.Saya menganalisis hubungan logico-semantic dalam klausa kompleks di liputan berita VOA. Khususnya berita hiburan. Karena saya berasumsi bahwa bnyak mahasiswa yang tertaik menonton liputan berita hiburan, khususnya mahasiswa UMK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan hubungan logico-semantic dalam klausa kompleks yang terdapat dalam liputan berita hiburan VOA edisi 2013. Tujuan utama tersebut mencakup dua tujuan lainnya yaitu untuk mengetahui tipe taxis yang terdapat dalam liputan berita hiburan VOA edisi 2013 dan mengetahui tipe hubungan makna logis yang terdapat dalam liputan berita hiburan VOA edisi 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dari penelitian ini merupakan hubungan logico-semantic, sedangkan liputan berita hiburan VOA sebagai sumber data dari penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penemuan dalam penelitian ini,tipe hubungan logicosemantic yang paling banyak digunakan di dalam liputan berita VOA adalah Penjabaran yang mana pembawa berita tersebut menjabarkan makna dengan menspesifikasikan dan menggambarkan makna tersebut. Untuk melaporkan berita, kita harus menyampaikan informasi yang jelas untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman. Dan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah ide. Ide adalah apa yang seseorang pikirkan dan rasakan. Itu berarti untuk menyampaikan informsi kepada pendengar seharusnya bersifat fakta agar mereka tidak ragu. Kebenaran yang orang pikir itu belum tentu benar. Dari penelitian ini, saya berharap para pengajar, dan siswa lebih memperhatikan tentang hubungan logico-semantic, khususnya penjabaran karena penjabaran yang paling sering digunakan. Dan untuk peneliti selanjutnya, saya berharap agar mereka mengembangkan penelitian ini dengan topik yang berhubungan tetapi berbeda dalam penggunaan sumber data.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page COVER ........................................................................................................ LOGO ........................................................................................................... TITLE .......................................................................................................... MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................... ADVISOR’S APPROVAL ......................................................................... EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ...................................................................... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. ABSTRAK ................................................................................................... TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................ LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................... LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................
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1.2 Statement of the Problems .....................................................................
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1.3 Objectives of the Research ....................................................................
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1.4 Significances of the Research ................................................................
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1.5 Scope of the Research ............................................................................
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1.6 Operational Definition ...........................................................................
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CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Clause .......................................................................................................
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2.1.1 Clause Classification Based on Traditional Grammar ...................
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2.1.2 Clause Classification Based on Functional Grammar ..................... 10 2.2 Clause Complex ......................................................................................... 13 2.2.1 Definition of Clause Complex ......................................................... 13 2.2.2 Types of Relationship between Clauses........................................... 14 2.2.2.1Taxis .................................................................................... 14 2.2.2.1.1 Parataxis ............................................................... 15 2.2.2.1.2 Hypotaxis ............................................................. 16 2.2.2.2 Logico-Semantic Relation .................................................. 18 xi
2.2.2.2.1 Expansion ............................................................. 18 2.2.2.2.2 Projection .............................................................. 26 2.3 VOA ........................................................................................................... 29 2.3.1 Breaking News ................................................................................. 30 2.3.1.1 Entertaiment News in Breaking News of VOA ................. 30 2.3.1.2 Oscar 2013 .......................................................................... 30 2.4 Review to Previous Research ..................................................................... 31 2.5 Theoritical Framework ............................................................................... 32 CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Design of the Research .............................................................................. 33 3.2 Data and Data Source ................................................................................ 34 3.3 Data Collecting .......................................................................................... 34 3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 35 CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation in Entertainment News of Breaking News’ VOA ............................................................................... 38 4.1.1 Types of Taxis Used in the Entertainment News of Breaking News’ VOA ................................................................................... 38 4.1.2
Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in the Entertainment News of Breaking News’ VOA ............................ 46
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause Complexes in Entertaimnet News of Breaking News’ VOA ........................................... 57 5.1.1 The Types of Taxis used in Entertaiment News of Breaking News’ VOA ................................................................................... 57 5.1.1.1 Parataxis ............................................................................ 57 5.1.1.2 Hypotaxis .......................................................................... 69 5.1.2 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation used in Entertaiment News of Breaking News’ VOA............................. 79 5.1.2.1 Elaboration ...................................................................... 80
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5.1.2.2 Extension ........................................................................ 84 5.1.2.3 Enhancement ................................................................... 88 5.1.2.4 Locution .......................................................................... 91 5.1.2.5 Idea.................................................................................. 94 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 97 6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................. 99 REFERENCES ............................................................................................. APPENDICES ............................................................................................... STATEMENT ................................................................................................ CURRICULUM VITAE ...............................................................................
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
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2.1 The Example of Independent and Dependent Clause ................................ 9 2.2 Example of Dependent Clause .................................................................. 9 2.3 Types of Minor Clause .............................................................................. 10 2.4 The example of Non-elliptical and Elliptical Clause ................................. 11 2.5 The Example of Using a Subordinating Relator, A Relator WHWords, and Relative Word ........................................................................ 11 2.6 The use of Group Functionong as the Predicator of Inependent Clause ........................................................................................................ 11 2.7 The Example of Embedded and Non-Embedded ....................................... 12 2.8 The Example of the Function and the Structure in the Clause ................... 13 3.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation ....................................................... 36 3.2 Recapitulation of the Calculations of Typess of Logico-Semantics Relation ..................................................................................................... 36 4.1.1.1 The First Video “Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar Contenders” ....................................................................................... 39 4.1.1.2 The Second Video “Five Actresses Compete For Coveted Oscar” ................................................................................................ 40 4.1.1.3 The third video “Most Entertaining Documentary May Win The Oscar” ................................................................................................ 41 4.1.1.4 The fourth video “Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for ‘Lincoln” ............................................................................................ 43 4.1.1.5 The fifth video “Stars Shine at Academy Awards” ........................... 45 4.1.2.1 The first video: “Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar Contenders”........................................................................................ 46 4.1.2.2 The second video “Five Actresses Compete for Coveted Oscar” ........ 48 4.1.2.3 The third video “Most Entertaining Documentary May Win The Oscar” ................................................................................................ 50 4.1.2.4 The fourth video “Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for ‘Lincoln” ............................................................................................ 52 4.1.2.5 The fifth video “Stars Shine at Academy Awards” ............................. 53
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4.1.3 Recapitulation of the Calculations of Typess of Logico-Semantics Relation ................................................................................................... 55
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix
Page
1.
Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar Contenders ..................................
103
2.
Five Actresses Compete For Coveted Oscar..........................................
105
3.
Most Entertaining Documentary May Win the Oscar ............................
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4.
Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for 'Lincoln'.....................................
109
5.
Stars Shine at Academy Awards .............................................................
111
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