ABSTRAK HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEBUGARAN YANG DIUKUR DENGAN TES TREADMILL METODE BRUCE DENGAN TES ERGOMETER SEPEDA METODE MODIFIKASI YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Assosiation) Natasha Devi Nathalia, 2009. Pembimbing: Dr. Iwan Budiman, dr., MS., MM., MKes., AIF Latar belakang: Kebugaran dapat memperpanjang hidup seseorang. Kebugaran jasmani dapat diukur dengan tes Bruce dan tes YMCA mod. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran tingkat kebugaran mahasiswa UKM dengan tes Bruce dan tes YMCA mod serta hubungan kedua tes tersebut. Metode Penelitian: Subjek penelitian adalah 40 orang mahasiswa UKM, lakilaki, usia 18-25 tahun, dan tidak merokok. Desain Penelitian adalah survei analitik dan metode analisis dengan analisis regresi korelasi linier sederhana. Lokasi penelitian BKOM dan kampus UKM (Desember 2008 – Nopember 2009). Hasil: Dari 40 orang mahasiswa UKM berdasarkan tes Bruce didapatkan hasil, 30 orang (80%) Baik, 8 orang (20%) Sedang, tidak seorangpun (0%) Buruk. Ratarata VO 2 Maks 49,6 mlO 2 /kgBB/menit (SD=8,20). Berdasarkan tes YMCA mod didapatkan hasil, 27 orang (67,5%) Baik, 13 orang sedang (32,5%), tidak seorangpun (0%) Buruk. Rata-rata VO 2 Maks 46,8 mlO 2 /kgBB/menit (SD=6,34). Tes Bruce dengan tes YMCA mod mempunyai hubungan dengan bentuk persamaan garis regresi korelasi linier sederhana Bruce = 11,797 + 0,807 YMCA mod** (p=0,000), dan kekuatan hubungan Sedang dengan koefisien korelasi r = 0,624** (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Tingkat kebugaran 40 orang mahasiswa UKM berdasarkan tes Bruce rata-rata adalah Baik. Berdasarkan tes YMCA mod rata-rata adalah Baik. Tes Bruce dan tes YMCA mod mempunyai hubungan berbentuk garis linier dengan kekuatan hubungan kedua tes tersebut adalah Sedang. Kata kunci: tes YMCA mod, tes Bruce, kebugaran
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ABSTRACT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL FITNESS MEASURED BY BRUCE METHOD TREADMILL TEST AND MODIFIED YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Assosiation) METHOD ERGOCYCLE TEST Natasha Devi Nathalia, 2009. Tutor: Dr. Iwan Budiman, dr., MS., MM., MKes., AIF Backgrounds: Physical fitness can prolong life expectancy. Fitness level can be measured by the Bruce test and YMCA mod test. Objectives: To know the students fitness level by means Bruce test and YMCA mod test and relationship between them test. Research Methods: Research subjects comprise 40 UKM students, men, aged between 18 to 25 years old and not smoking. The research design is an analytical survey and analytical method with simple regression linier correlation analytic. Location is BKOM and UKM (December 2008 – November 2009). Results: From 40 UKM students, based on the Bruce test, 32 students (80%) “Good”; 8 students (20%) “Medium”; no one (0%) “Poor”. VO 2 Max average is 49,6 mlO 2 /kg weight/minute (SD=8,20). Based on the YMCA mod test, 27 students (67,5%) “Good”; 13 students (32,5%) “Medium”; no one (0%) “Poor”. VO 2 Max average is 46,8 mlO 2 /kg weight/minute (SD=6,34). Bruce test and YMCA mod test are linked by simple regression linier correlation equation Bruce = 11,797 + 0,807 YMCA mod** (p=0,000), and level of linked is Medium with correlation coefficient r = 0,624** (p=0,000). Conclusions: The fitness level of 40 UKM students based on the Bruce test in average is “Good”, and the firness level based on YMCA mod test in average is “Good”. Bruce test and YMCA mod test are linked by a linier line with level of linked is Medium. Keywords: YMCA test, Bruce test, physical fitness
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DAFTAR ISI JUDUL .................................................................................................................. i LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN................................................................................. ii SURAT PERNYATAAN.................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... v PRAKATA .......................................................................................................... vi DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ x DAFTAR GRAFIK ............................................................................................. xi DAFTAR DIAGRAM ........................................................................................ xii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................... xiii BAB I 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang ................................................................................... 1 Identifikasi Masalah ........................................................................... 2 Maksud dan Tujuan ............................................................................ 2 Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................. 2 Kerangka Pemikiran dan Hipotesis Penelitian ................................... 3
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1 Pengertian Kebugaran ........................................................................ 4 2.2 Manfaat Kebugaran dengan Latihan Fisik ......................................... 4 2.3 Komponen Kebugaran ....................................................................... 6 2.3.1. Jantung ................................................................................... 6 2.3.1.1. Cardiac Output (CO) .............................................. 6 2.3.1.2. Heart Rate (HR) ...................................................... 9 2.3.1.3. Stroke Volume (SV)............................................... 12 2.3.2. Paru-paru .............................................................................. 14 2.3.2.1. Ventilasi Paru ........................................................ 14 2.3.2.2. Perfusi Paru ........................................................... 17 2.3.2.3. Kapasitas Difusi Paru ............................................ 17 2.3.3. Otot....................................................................................... 18 2.4 Evaluasi Fungsi Kardiovaskuler dan Kapasitas Difusi Aerobik ...... 22 2.5 Metode Tes Kebugaran .................................................................... 23 2.5.1. Tes Treadmill ....................................................................... 25 2.5.2. Tes Ergometer Sepeda.......................................................... 26 BAB III 3.1
3.2
BAHAN DAN METODE PENELITIAN Bahan/Subjek Penelitian .................................................................. 30 3.1.1. Bahan Penelitian................................................................... 30 3.1.2. Subjek Penelitian.................................................................. 30 3.1.3. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian .............................................. 30 Metode Penelitian............................................................................. 31 3.2.1 Desain Penelitian.................................................................. 31
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3.2.2
3.2.3 3.2.4
3.2.5 BAB IV 4.1
4.2
Variabel Penelitian ............................................................... 31 3.2.2.1. Definisi Konsepsional Variabel ............................ 31 3.2.2.2. Definisi Operasional Variabel ............................... 31 Besar Sampel Penelitian....................................................... 32 Prosedur Kerja...................................................................... 32 3.2.4.1. Prosedur Tes Bruce ............................................... 33 3.2.4.2. Prosedur Tes YMCA Mod .................................... 33 Metode Analisis ................................................................... 34
HASIL, PEMBAHASAN, DAN PENGUJIAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN Hasil dan Pembahasan...................................................................... 36 4.1.1 Tes Bruce .............................................................................. 36 4.1.2 Tes YMCA Mod ................................................................... 37 4.1.3 Tes Bruce dengan Tes YMCA Mod ..................................... 39 Pengujian Hipotesis Penelitian......................................................... 44
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 45 5.2 Saran................................................................................................. 45 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 46 LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................... 48 RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................................ 55
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Tabel 4.2 Tabel 4.3 Tabel 4.4
Hasil Tes Bruce ................................................................................. 36 Hasil Tes YMCA Mod ...................................................................... 38 Hasil Tes Bruce dengan Tes YMCA Mod ........................................ 40 Perbandingan Hasil Pengukuran Tes Bruce dengan Tes YMCA Mod pada Individu yang Sama ................................................................. 41
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DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Hubungan Tes Bruce dengan Tes YMCA Mod .............................. 43
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DAFTAR DIAGRAM
Diagram 4.1 Hasil Tes Bruce ............................................................................ 37 Diagram 4.2 Hasil Tes YMCA Mod ................................................................. 39 Diagram 4.3 Hasil Tes Bruce dengan Tes YMCA Mod ................................... 40
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Lampiran 2. Lampiran 3. Lampiran 4. Lampiran 5. Lampiran 6. Lampiran 7.
Informed Consent ......................................................................... 47 Surat Keputusan Komisi Etik Penelitian ...................................... 48 Formulir Bruce ............................................................................. 49 Formulir YMCA Mod .................................................................. 50 Grafik Perhitungan VO 2 Maks ..................................................... 51 Tabel Perhitungan Statistik Bruce-YMCA Mod .......................... 52 Foto Penelitian .............................................................................. 53
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