A MONTHLY PUBLICATION FOR ALL PERSONNEL OF THE
Vol. V. No. 10. August, 1958
P.
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE : J .C.P. VAN DI EPE N , E DITOR MAS , P . H . N . DR C . J . W. .J .
K.
0.
HONG
BOX 725 KONG
DIE KOCK . A&ST . EDITOR
D E LANGE
M I NK
VERSTEEG
L.AM VUK VING T Sit DICK UAN A
VOL, V NO. 10
MONTH L Y
ROYAL
P UBLI CAT IO N
FOR A LL
PERSC NN E L
INTEROCEAN
OF THE
LINE 5
AUGUST 1958
INTEROCEAN HOUSE For those of our readers who have never been to Hong Kong, it is difficult to realise the difference it makes to us of Hong Kong Head Office to be in a modern, airconditioned office of our own, where we have every up ro date Facility. The fo rmer headquarters of Royal l nterocean Lines was in an antiq uated building in which every sound vibrated. No department was absolutely separated from the other, giving the general impression of everyone liv ing too much on top of each other.
R.I.L. 's watchman Peter Tong ( i\MI!li;i) keeping an eye on the move.
cases with files, books, documents, etc., total measurement 9000 eft. 83 truckloads.
1450
Leaving old Head Office at West Point.
111
Between 27th and 3oth June the entire personnel and their accessories were moved from one end of Hong Kong to the other. Everything proceeded smoothly despite t he enormous amount of office equipment and stores which had to be moved. For those interested in statlstrcs, AZ department moved tn 8oo men days the following items: 2 54
desks
373
chairs cupboards filing cabinets safes (each weighing
129
77 3
r!
ton) Load ing furniture.
II O
consumption of Chinese and European food, served from a centrally placed modern and hygienic kitchen and pantry, which would thrill many a domesticated housewife. The main cooking in the kitchen is done by gas, but two electri c frying pans have also been instaUed to enable the cooks to fry (we hope) an old fashioned "nasi goreng" one of these days. H ere, refrigerators and a J eep freeze box keep food at the right temperature, whi lst an electric toaster, a cutter, coffeemakers and a mixer are added as indispensable attributes of a good cook. Two creamy white bottle coolers guarantee that bottles of coca cola, green spol: 01 milk arc really ice cold. It can be shown by the following figures of meals ami cups of coffee or tea consumed by many of the H ead Office staff, that goou use has been made of these fine ameniti es provided by tht Com pany J uring the fi rst fo ur days of ou1· being in the new office:
Deserted . . . .
The entrance to the new building is very impressiYe; on one side is an aluminium map of the world showing RIL's ports of call, and on the other side in a prominent place is the ship's bell of s.s. TJIKEMBANG, sunk in Surabaya harbour during the Second World War, which was presented to the Company by its former Managing Director and his wife, Mr and Mrs J.H. Warning. Two elevators run up to the 3rd, 4th and sth floors.
European food - 233 mea L~ Chinese food - 649 , - 938 cups Coffee - · 678 , T ea Now that the long awaited new headquarters of RJL is at last fully functioning, we all hope that it will remain one of
The edifice consists of six floors, and on the flat root there is a tennis court and other space availlable for recreation. The ground and the next two floors provide space for the storage ot all kinds ot materials. These stores, containing practicality everything a ship may need for its engineroom, deck or catering departments, were formerly housed at the Taikoo Sugar Refinery, and later on in an ordinary godown at the North Point Wharvc:s. The linen from ships, which before had to be laundered at two or three different firms in town, is now all taken care of in a modern, electrically operated laundry. An airy linenroom where two dozen seamstresses check and-whenever necessary-repair all ships' linen stock, is on the first floor, where also the quartermasters' and sailors' uniforms and the stewards' outfits are made.
R.I.L. ACTIVITIES ASAS The extensive fire damage caused to m.v. RuYs at Buenos Aires necessitates a repair period of about 2 momhs upon completion of her present Eastbound voyage in Japan. m.v. RuYs' delayed sailing date from Japan caused a reshuffle of the ASAS-Express Service. The 17 { 9 sailing from Japan will be effected by m.v. SILVERL.-l.KE cha r:ered for this purpose. m.v. Van Spilbergen This latest (and last) unit of the ·'VAN Lni~CHOTEN" type vessel was delivered in Holland on July I 2th. Vessel sailed the same day in ballast for Mombasa and will offer August loading Mombasaj Durban range ports to Far East. m .v. VAN SPILBERGEN is earmarked to give the 17/ 10 sailing in the Far East-West Africa Service.
Paints to keep our ships looking spick and span are stored in two separate lockers close to the pier, at which in due course the motorboats · 'Interocean'' I, II and IV will land their passengers, while the storeboat "Interocean" III will soon be seen lying aLongside, disgorging or taking in all ships' stores, laundry, meats, etc.
m.v. Roggeveen Propeller difficulties forced the vessel--en route from New Zealand to A frica-to call at Melbourne for repairs. Vessel arrived Melbourne July 5th and sailed again on July 13th direct for Durban.
On the first floor modern hygienic freezers, coolers, a deepfreeze and a dairyroom have been built, where in future those appet ising fillets, of which so many of us shore wallahs have such "tender" memories from our occasional voyage on one of our ships will be stored.
NZEAS The firsr Southbound sailing in this service is effected by m .v. VAN CwoN, sailing from Shanghai on 22nd July, from Hong Kong 28th July.
A coftee roasting machine is also situated on the first floor, where the g reen coffee beans-which we ourselves import from Brazil-are roasted just before a ship has to be supplied. This floor also houses the silver burnishing machine, where everything silver on board every RIL ship in Hong Kong is cleaned and burnished before she sail.s, and a specially fitted, white tiled pastry shop where amongst others almond paste and marzipan is made for Christmas cakes.
The third, fourth and fifth floors house the usual departments which most of you who have known RIL's old Head Office in West Point, will find practically unrecognisable in their clean and airconditioned surroundings. On the fifth floor are also three mess-halls for the
FEWAS As you will recall, m.v. VAN WAERWIJCK gave the first sailing from Japan to West Africa in June. The crossing time is very important in this service and it may interest you to know that m.v. VAN WAERWIJCK's transit time from Kobe to Matadi was 39 days, as the vessel arrived there on July 26th. As expected this compares f~vourably with competitors' crossing times. The next vessel should do at least as well, as she (m.v. VAN HEEMSKERCK) is faster than m.v. VAN WAERWIJCK.
Til
M.V. TJIBANTJET IN DRYDOCK After m. v. TJIBANTJET was moored in drydock an inspection by tlivers revealed that the sh ip, when entering the dock had touched the keel-and portside sideblocks and consequently a part of them had toppled over. W hile the ship was still afloat d ivers tried to reset the blocks as far as practicable. Afterwards the water was very slowly pu mped out of the dock, the camels removed and side shores fi tted. When the water in the dock had reached the level of the tanktop, the manholes were opened and the oil, which was found inside, pumped to shore tanks.
Portsidc midships . . . . . .
During the drydock ing temporary repairs were carried out to the damaged part of the hulL in order to reduce the leakage as much as possible and measures were taken to save the machinery installation from further tleterioration . Upon completion of repairs refloating of m.v. TJIBANTJET was begun very slowly and some additional leaks were discovered antl plucked by eli vers. On July 12th, 9.40 a.m. m .v. TJIBANTJET was towed out of drydock again and moored to the Hong kong and W hampoa Dockyard Co.'s no. 4 buoy.
Stem . . . . .
After a complete inspection on July 13th and 14th it was decided that the conditions of the salvage agreement had been m et and on Ju ly 14th noon (Hongkong local time) the ship was accepted from salvers by our Company as being sal-ely aAnat in Hongkong harbour.
When the ship was tlry severe damage to the stem and portside shellpl.ating could be seen . The rudder w ith the rudderpost were found to be torn off from the sole piece. and two blades of the pr opeller were m issing.
This acceptance merely signifies that IU.L. 1s satisfied that s:llvagc operations have been fully comp l~tetl .
OUD-CHINALIJNERS EN IDEM RIL-ERS ONTDEKKEN DE MAAS Rotterdammers zijn bekentl om hun gevoel voor hu mor, zodat ik mij maar niet verwonderde toen ik ergens onder de rook (niet de walm . . . .) van Schiedam tot de ontdek king kwam dat het Willemsplein heel ergens anclers lag dan een bercidwillige " inboorling" mij omstandig bad uitgeduid.
Portsidc hold I.
Na op aanwijzing van enige andere Rotterdammers eindelijk op de Westzeedijk te z ijn aangeland, was ik op mij uit vroeger jaren bekend terrein en reed ik vlotjes via de Van Vollenhovenstraat en het Westplein naar de aanlegplaats van tle " Erasmus" van de Spido havenIl2
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O plmsingcn ku nncn ann de Rcd actic van de TU .!.. Post worden ingczonclen .
rondvaartdienst, aan boord waar va n de reunic en jaarvergaderi ng van de Vereniging van O ud-personeel van de J.C.J.L. en K.J.C.P.L. zou plaats vinden. H et was in de looppas dat ik m ij als allerlaatste over de looppl:lllk spoedde, die onmiddellijk daarna wen! weggenomen. .. Boo:smansfluitjcs snerpten, masten werden opgezet, geYloek klonk van de brug, trossen werden losgesmeten en het scbip vertrok . . . ." zo ongeveer luidt de aanvangszin van de Nederlandse vertali ng van " De Neger van de Narcissus" als ik mij goed herinner. H et vcrtrek v:~n de "Erasmus" was ietwat minder spectaculair en in minder dan geen tijd en vrijwel ongemerkt gleed h et fraaie schip over de Maas. De schroom was nog steeds in mij toen ik -minder haastig thans- de (zeer grote) salon binnenschu ifelde. D;: oorzaak daarvan was dat ik cr een beetje regenop zag mij als jon g m a:~tj c onder de vele eerbiedwaardige grijshoofdigen te mengen. T ot mijn blijde verrassing z:~g ik echter ook vrij vee! kale hoofden schemeren, zodat ik mij plo~seli ng niet zo erg aileen meer voelde . . . . Dit gevoel van eenzaamheid verdween geheel, toen ook ik de hand mocht schudden van een heer die bij de ingang stond en die door iedereen werd begroet. Ik begreep onmiddellijk wie die meneer moest zijn en inderdaad stond ik toen eindelijk oog in oog met iemand met wie ik ve:e jaren in (ongeregelde doch erg prettige) correspondentie heb gestaan zonder hem persoonlijk te kennen : de heer P.A. Vergroesen. W einigen der omstanders zullen hebben begrepen welk een historische ontmoeting dit was, een ontmoeting die d ie van Stanley en Livingstone scbier overvleugelde: de (aftredende) secretarisj penni ngmees:er van de Vereniging etc. etc. (zie boven) en de voormalige redacreur va n de RIL-Post . . . . AI ras had ik handen tekor t om te scbu dden en monden tekor t om van mijn ontroering blijk te geven nog zovelen van de mensen die ik in de afgelopen jaren met pensioen de dienst heb z ien verlaten in goede gezondheid en eerder verjongd dan verouderd te. mogen begroeten. Het " nee toch . . . " en " als U mij nu . . . " was niet van de Iuch t, als gevolg waarvan de ramen al zeer gauw geheel beslagen waren, waardoor het acbter een regengordijn verborgen landschap onzichtbaar voor de reunisten voorbijgleed, hetgeen echter door de meesten nauwelij ks werd bemerkt. Ik ontmoette de joviale (oud) kapitein W.F.H. Burger, op dat moment nog onbewust van het feit dat hij kort daarna bij acclamatie zou worden gek ozen als opvolger van de beer Vergroesen; de (nog steeds ietwat ondeugend kijkende) beer L. Duivendijk, die zijn energie thans wijdt aan Gemeentewerken (Amsterdam), diens zwager, de beer L.A. van der Steen, seder t geruime tijd reeds i ngeschakeld in de (tech nische) handelswereld van Rotterdam. De heer K.E. Dik, chef van de Kapiteinskamer, stoorde ik in een diepzinnig gesprek over bevrachtingen met kennelijk een concurrent, de heer Le Poole. H et duurde enige tijd eer het mij duidelijk was dat de heer D ik niets te maken heeft met het Iaven van de inwendige mens van gezagvoerders, doch dat h ij in het cargadoorsbedrijf zi.t, zoals dat heet. O ud-kapitein Novotny, berucbt bij alle examinandi voor de stuurmansexamens stelde mij voor aan zijn (charmantc;) echtgenote, wie ik nog niet het genoegen had eerder te hebben ontmoet. Ik zag de kapitei n Velders, wisselde een
glimlacb met (oud) kapitein Walter en Mevrouw Walter, trof de heer B. H erkemij in bla kende welstand aan (renten iert in A peldoorn) en bevond de beer Taylor Parkins (ondanks zijn E ngelse naam) Hollands welvaren. Zat plotseling in een kransje, gevormd door een aantal dames uit Hong Kong, n.!. mevrouw Evelaar, Mevrouw Backer en Mevrouw Herkemij. Ze hebben het alle erg naar het z in in H olland. Huisvestingsproblemen wen.len besproken en ik prijs mij gelukkig met de morele steun der dames op dit gebied wat mijn eigen moeilijkheden betreft. Mijn schrij fmacbine komt toetsen tek ort om :~lie namen tc noemen van hen die ik ook nog ontmoette; ik moet het Namens alle genoemden en bij deze poging Iaten. ongenoemden doe ik U, die niet aanwezig waart de meest hartelijke g roeten. Jnmiddels was de rondvaart reeds enige tijd gevorderd en werden we via de luidsprekers naar een lager gelegen salon gedirigeerd voor het houden van de jaarvergadering. Voordat deze begon had ik het voorrecht kennis te maken met de voorzitter der vereniging, de h eer T . de Meester, die de dienst der J.C.J.L. met pensioen verliet, toen steller dczes ruim vijf en twintig jaren geleden z ijn eerste wankele schreden in het Ecbte Grote Leven zonder moeder's veilige hand mocst doen in de wereld van de scheepvaart. Tevens ontmoette ik de verdere bestuurderen voorzover ik die nog niet kende. Mevrouw Kroese- Voogd is niets veranderd, sedert ze enige jaren geleden in Hong Kong was. De Voorzitter onthulde in z ijn toespraak hoe de vereniging tien jaar geleden tot stand was gekomen en roemde speciaal de heer Vergroesen, die deze gehele periode de drukke werkzaamheden , verbonden aan de gecombineerde functie van secretaris en penningmeester zo voorbeeldig heeft verricbt. Het behoeft dan ook geen opzien te baren dat de heer Vergroesen als b~ijk van waardering daarvoor tot erelid werd benoemd bij zijn aftreden. De heer Burger . bleek niet zo erg verbaasd te z ijn dat hij met algemene stemmen als opvolger werd gekozen. In de door het aftreden van de heer Vergroesen (d ie benoemd is tot voorzitter van de Kapiteinsvereniging en als gevolg daarvan tot zijn spijt enige van zijn werkzaamheden zal moeten afstoten) veroorzaakte vacature in het bestuur, werd gekozen de heer B.J. Hoen (oud chef van de Nautische Dienst van de K.J.C.P.L.) die, zoals de voorzitter constateerde - ongetwijfeld om dringende redenen - zonder . berichtafwezig bleek te zijn. Uw correspondent voelde zich zeer gevleid toen de heer De Meester hem welkom beette en enige vriendelijk e woorden over de RJJ..,.Post zeide. Ik ben ervan overtuigd dat de buidige redactie niets onbeproefd zal Iaten het blad in :~a n z ie n te doen winnen. Na de vergadering doemden steeds meer oude bekenden op , o.m. kapitein en mevrouw Vrolijk- Acbi"les en mevrouw Koens, sedert kort vrijwel overburen in Amsterdam: de Vrolijks in de Kweekschool voor de Zeevaart en de Koensen in het Zeemanshuis. Precies op de daarvoor vastgestelde tijd, nl. 1750 hrs meerde de "Erasmus" weer aan bet Willemsplein, waarna de bijna tweehonderd aanwezigen z ich naar "Bellevue" begaven voor een borrel en het diner, dat, naar ik vernam, ten zeerste geslaagd is geweest. Zeer tot mijn spijt ontbrak mij de gelegenheid daarbij aanwezig te zijn en het was met wrok in het hart dat ik mij losscheurde van mijn tochtgenoten, die dit we! konden. v.V.
About a year ago we offered readers of these pages a flashback on activities that took place a century-and-a-half ago on sealanes which any red-blooded RILLER now considers as his own ; right or wrong my China Sea! It may interest these same readers to know that the Chinese also once made long and daring voyages into waters hitherto unknown to them, personally, although they must have had ample information on those parts of the world from Arab and Indian sailors who used to visit China in the early centuries of the Christian era. Not that the Chinese never ventured beyond their home-waters. Their dynastic history for the second century BC mentions a mission by sea to southern India. But however extensively we are informed on Chinese history by that unique i nstitution of historiography that must have been a regular feature during dynasties ruling dozens of centuries BC, we cannot help thinking the scribes must have been landlubbers pure and simple. They were not interested in the sea nor in activities on her, and consequently noted down sea-borne expeditions only if it could not b e helped and even then with a minimum of detail and comp~ete disregard of the requirements of the future historian, whether Chinese or foreign. This is not wholly to be surprised at. Court scribes were drawn from the successful candidates of the annual examinations in the capital; the more central the government the more central the servants at court. On the other hand those that went down to sea in shi ps naturally belonged to the coastal provinces. That part of China was late to be brought under central government; the Wus who inhabited Kansu, Anhui and the area round Shanghai were not subjected until the IVth century BC; the Yue, who lived further down south in Chekiang and Fookien provinces, later still, to give a few examples. But although information is scarce it does not imply that China was not a seafaring country for when we suddenly do get detailed information it is of such a magnitude that a long period of development must have preceded it. In the Xllth century the geographical writer Chou Chu-fei describes Chinese ships of enormous size even by present-day notions, ships carrying hundreds of passengers and a year's supply of grain besides cargo. From the Arab geographer Ibn Batuta we get unsolicited confirmation of these figures: he describes a Chinese vessel he inspected, with watertight compartments carrying over a thousand passengers and their cargo. Even "gt;neral average" was known and applie~ in those days. In later centuries the works on navigation and travel become more frequent and detailed information on the subject is not lacking.
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The circumstances leading up to the voyages of Ch~ng H o must be sought in the dynasty prior to the Ming, when the Yuan (Mongol) dynasty ruled China from 1276- 1368. They met with complete disaster at sea in 1281 when they sent an enormous fleet against Japan. Like the Spanish Armada three hundred years later, this fleet was commanded by cavalry generals, knocked about by a typhoon , and finished off by a determined enemy. This disaster was promptly followed by Japanese raids on the coastal areas of China. The first Ming rulers tried to re-establish Chinese sea-power, not only to wipe off the red on their faces but also because their western continental caravanroutes were constantly being harassed by Turco-Mongol hordes, amongst whom the headman Tamerlane is wellknown even in European chronicles. The Ming emperor Hung Wu (1368 - 1399) set up shipyards, had varnish and
CHENG I
tung oil trees planted, sent out envoys to ga,her information and established a foreign-languages school to train interpreters. It was not till the accession of Ming Yung Lo in 1403 that h is plans were finally executed. When the fleet, the crew and equipment were completed Ch~ng H o was given command. Who was he? A native of Yunnan province in the fa r South West of China, a Moslim by birth and education belonging to the oldest Moslim clan in China, the MA family. H e was brought to Nanking in r38:z in the train of the victorious armies that had gone to Yunnan to mop up the last pockets of Mongol resistance. In Nanking he entered the service of the Prince of Yen (the later emperor Yung Lo), was operated upon in order to become a palace eunuch, and by faithful service earned his masters' confidence. His background of ancestors who had made pilgrimages to Mecca, his own abilities, and his religion, caused him to be selected for the task of visiting and trading with countries overseas. We may wonder at the choice of a born and bred landlubber as the commander-in-chief of a large Beet, but since our own naval history contains instances of similar anomalies we had better refrain from commen t. T hat the choice was an exce~ l e nt one is proved by the skill he displayed in the military, diplomatic and economic fields during his long and far-flung voyages. In all he made seven voyages between 1405 and 1433, of which several descriptions were published, written by Ma Huan and Fei H sin, interpreters carried on the fleet, giving information on the countries visited, their physical conditions and features, produce, people, customs and adventures ashore.
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The voyages were: rst voy. 1405- 1407 to Indo China, Java, Malacca, Palembang and Calicut. 2nd voy. 1407- 1409 to Indo China, Java, Malacca, Ceylon Calicut, Quilon and Cochin, Siam on the trip home. 3rd voy. 4th voy.
1409 - 141 r to the same countries inc'uding the Nicobar Islands. 1413- 1415 to the same countries but after Calicut to the Maldives and O rmuz on the Persian Gulf.
anchorages and have been found correct. The captain of each ship was responsible for the setting of courses and this probably explains the success of the enterprise as far as navigation is concerned. For nowhere can we find reports on undue loss of ships or life through the hazards of the ocean; that marines lost their lives in skirmishes was only natural, that's what they were carried for ! Trade: The ships carried trade goods as well and when Cheng Ho was not engaged meddling with local politics or emphasizing his Imperial Masters' importance abroad a lively trade was being entertained. The now famous Ming blue porcelains, silks, satin, and brocades, cottons, go~d, silver and jade trinklets, p epper, nutmeg, and cassia picked up en route were being traded against other and rarer spices, medicinal herbs, precious stones and pearls, rhinoceros horns, ostrich feathers and eggs and even tropical animals and artisans, - all requirements of a luxury-loving Court and its harem, the inmates whereof Cheng H o knew so well.
(W.Z. Mulder, T!Je "Wu Pei Chi/;" C!Jarts)
5th voy.
1417 - 1419 to same as far as Ormuz, then to Aden, Mogadishio Brawa and Jabo on the 6th voy. 1421 - 1422 to Ormuz as on voy. 4, including Bengal either outward or homeward bound. 7th voy. 1430- 1433 to same countries as voy. 5· Some crew members made a pilgrimage to Mecca but it is not clear if the ships went to D jeddah or if the party travelled overland from Aden.
The Fleet: The big sea-going junks measured over 6oo feet in length, their beam is given at 200-250 feet; only in one instance is the number of sails given (twelve) but pictures of junks in a XVIIth century book said to be Cheng Ho's junks show only three masts. Of the 4th voyage we know the number of ships to have been 63 with an average of 430 persons on board. Of other (2nd and 7th voyage) we know the total of personnel shipped, 27.ooo people all told: troops (marines), sailors, repairmen, cooks, scribes and physicians. Of the latter there was one to every 150 persons on board, 18o of them being engaged for the 4th voyage. The Fleet left North China after the NE monsoon h ad set in (November/ December) and returned from the Straits of Malacca on the SW monsoon (March/ April). Cheng Ho travelled in state. He used to include in his retinue high ranking ecclesiastics in order to facilitate transactions overseas. On the 4th voyage he carried the !man of the principal mosque in Sian and on the 5th the famous Buddhist monk Hui Sheng. Navigation was b y compass and positions were found by the observation of sun and star s; latitude so found proves to be quite accurate but longitude does not seem to have bothered navigators much; the interpreters never mention longitude. Sea-charts were used, new ones were drawn, old ones improved upon, the sailing directions a1ready existed and were constantly improved; they consisted of the course to steer and the number of keng or watches (10 keng to a day) to stay on that course. A keng was said to be 6o li or roughly 20 nautical miles; we have checked dozens of sailing directions and have come to the conclusion that 10 miles is nearer to the mark. Soundings are given for selected
Cheng Ho brought his fleet home every time. In 1422 he was appointed garrison commander of Nanking t o enjoy life ashore after seventeen years of well - nigh constant seafaring. However in 1430 h e was back at sea, to return from his last expedition in 1433. W e do not know for sure when he passed away but that cannot have been very long afterwards. The effect of the voyages on the Japanese raiders soon wore off; a later Ming emperor was compelled to evacuate the coastal area to a depth of 30 miles and apply the "scorched earth" principle to the empty strip. Like many famous men Ch eng Ho was not recognised as such for quite some time; official history writers of the next generation condemned his voyages and belittled their importance. They even burnt his logbooks and reports to the Throne, an irreparable loss to later historians. Still his fame persisted somehow and towards the end of the Ming dynasty a play was performed at Court with his exploits as the central theme. In 1597 the author, Lo Mou-teng, wrote a 100 chapter n ovel entitled " The Western Voyages " a mixture of ghost and goblin stories, Taoist nonsense and fragments of reports by Cheng Ho (better known to posterity as : San Pao) from a work since lost. China had its century of discovery before Vasco de Gama, Columbus and Magellan ever started to move, but it never followed it up. We can only guess and wonder where we would be today if they had ! Literature:
George Phillips, The Sea-ports of India and Ceylon, in the Journal of the North China Branch Royal Asiatic Society, vol XX (r885) XXI (1886). f.f.L. Duyvendak, Ma Huan re-examined, Verhandelingen Kon. Academie van W etenschappen, afd. Letterkunde dee! XXXII, no 2 (r933). P. Pelliot, Les Grands Voyages Maritimes Chinois au debt1t du XVieme siecle, in T'oung Pao XXX (1933). f.f.L. Duyvendak, Voyages de Cheng Houo, in Monumenta Cartographica Africae et Aegypti, tome IV, fascicule 4 ( 1939)· (Contributed) .
LAUNCHING OF M.V. STRAAT MAGELHAEN The event of a launching leaves a different impression on various people; some can hardly be bothered, others take more interest but how many will be really moved? Those who know that a ship is a living thing with a heart and a soul will witness a lau nching with different feelings from those who cannot see anything else but a mass of steel.
The official guests of the Company are gathered on a platform, erected right in front of the stem of the ship which is h eld on the slipway by only one obstacle which ,·ery shortly will be removed. It was beautiful weather, that W ednesday, June 25th, 1958, when the STRAAT MAGELHAEN was to be launched from the yard of Messrs. P. Smit Jr. at Rotterdam and those on the platform looked high up towards the bow of the ship, which was within touch.
Not only seafarers know that a ship is alive. First there are its creator and his staff : the men w ho design it. Then the shipyard workers, who give shape to steel and mould it into a ship, according to drawings provided by the former. Also the engineers who provide the mechanism of its throbbing heart and the interior decorators, who give it comfort and atmosphere. All those who add to the birth of a ship put something of themselves into it, whether through operating a pneumatic hammer flatten ing the heads of the rivets which join steel plates, or through wielding a tiny brush adding a stroke here and there to :1 piece of art in a saloon. They all know that a ship lives.
Mr J. Pam~e, one of the Managing Directors of P. Smit showed Mrs M.J.D. Wijnans - van Andel, wife of a member of the Board of Directors of the Royal lnterocean Lines, who was going to perform the ceremony of the christening and the launching, how to throw the bottle of champagne and before it was realized a splash was heard and foam covered the side of the ship. In a very clear voice M rs Wijnans said: " I christen you Straat Magelhaen and I wish you God speed. Then she started the mechanism which would remove the last obstacle and instantly the ship began to move. First slowly, hardly visible but after a few seconds it gained speed and within moments it h:1d reached its fi nal goal : the water.
But there are also the men at the head of the compan y, the Board of Directors, who based on thorough study by Managing Directors and on their recommendation decide on behalf of the shareholders whether the moment is opportune to add another unit to the fleet; a great respon· sibility. And, finally, when the ship is launched and fitted out it will be commissioned and handed over to the people who man it and those who operate it: the floating staff and the shore organisation of the Company. When a ship is christened and launched, some of each category are present: those who could not care less, the ones who have a real interest and the people who are moved. Business men, ship builders, engine builders, ship's operators, navigators, engineers, yard workers, many accompanied by their wives.
Steam whistles and sirens of factories and ships in the neighbourhood sounded and nearly drowned the cheers of the bystanders. As soon as the ship was free of the s~ipwa y it dipped its bows slightly into the water and came up again, as if making a gracious reverence to the onlookers. After the ceremony champagne was served to the guests in one of the offices of the yard and when everyone was provided with a glass Mr Parn~e was the first to speak, he thanked Mrs Wijnans for having accepted R.I.L.'s in vitation to perform the ceremony and for doing this in such able manner and so graciously, and then offered her, on behalf of the builders, a memento. He then addressed Drs L. Speelman, Managing Director of R.l.L. in Europe and recalled that since the R.l.L. ordered two ships in 1948, now known as Tjinegara and Straat Banka, P. Smit, had had the pleasure of building five more units for the Company, moreover five engines for these ships. It was with some concern that he then spoke of the regress in business, felt all over the world but he expressed the hope that those who think that this situation would continue or even worsen would be wrong and that R.I.L. 116
would be able to develop new fields of act1v1t1es to replace lost territory resulting in still more need of additional tonnage.
H e also said that bad times are always followed by better times so that he had no doubt that the ship within the say twenty-five years of her career would earn money for the Company. H e expressed the hope that circumstances would have improved by the time the ship was commissioned. Drs Speelman fur ther mentioned that although Mr Wijnans could not p erhaps claim to be a board member of old standing, he had in t he past been a very close friend to the company for a great number of years and it had therefore been a particular pleasure to see Mrs Wij nans perform the launching ceremony on this occasion.
Mrs Wijnans thanked Mr Pan·ee for the beautiful present and congratulated the builders on their achievement. She also wished the Company much success with the new unit which she hoped, would add to the further prosperity of the Company. The final speaker was Drs Speelman, who said that he wa~ grateful that Mr Parree appreciated the difficulties now facing world shipping and also the R.I.L. This, however, did not imply that the Straat Magelhaen would be an unwanted child; on the contrary. The R.I.L. is very pleased with its latest ship. " Circumstances are bad " he added " and far different from what they were three years ago when the ship was ordered, but we do not regret ordering the ship ".
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After the official part of the ceremony many people took the opportunity to congratulate Dr D.A. Delprat, Chairman of the Board and Drs Speelman and Mr Parree on the lau nching of the n ew ship, also shaking hands with Mr P. Meerdink, the man who created it. Among those present were several from the Far Eas t.
Y.V.
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OPEN BRIEF De 2rste Juni 1958 is ,·oor mijn Houw en mij een dag vol verrassingen geweest. Tijdens de aan bo::>rd m.s. ERASMUS gehouden ledenvergadering, werd ik benoemd tot Ere-lid der Vereniging van Oud-Personeel der J.C.J.L.n.v. en der K .J.C.P.L.n.v. en werd mij een keurig getekende oorkonde overhandigd, versierd met de beide mij zo vertrouwde vlaggen.
Op zijn bekende, charmante wijze heeft de H eer de Meester deze geschenken aangeboden en hierin ook mijn vrouw betrokken die, zo meende de Heer de Meester, mij tot steun was geweest bij het vervullen van mijn taak. Mij n vrouw ontving een bijzonder smaakvolle speld en een doos bonbons. Mij werden aangeboden een z ilveren sigarendoos waarop wei zeer vleiend was gegraveerd : " H e plenty sabbie - he fixum allight - good joss". Voorts een luxe doos sigaren, terwijl nog enige boeken zullen volgen zodra " de rekening is afgesloten." De waardering voor hetgeen ik voor U mocht doen, tot uitdrukking gebracht in de geschenken mijn vrouw en mij aangeboden, heeft ons heiden ten zeerste getroffen.
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m.s. Erasmw
Met deze eervolle attentie voelde ik mij meer dan ruimschoots beloond voor het weinige, dat ik voor U allen sinds de oprichting der Vereniging heb kunnen doen. Het verrrouwen dat U mij geschonken hebt, de zeer aangename sam.enwerking met de medebestuursleden en de hulp die ik in zo ruime mate van de K.J .C.P.L. mocht ontvangen, hebben mijn taak aanmerkelijk verlicht. U zult begrijpen, dat ik wei zeer verrast was toen de V oorzitter, de Heer de Meester, a an het diner het woord tot mij richtte en mij namens de medebestuursleden een hoek als aandenken aanbood. Dit bleek slechts een hors d'oeuvre, want nu volgden nog enige geschenken namens vele !eden en donateurs.
Wij stellen er bijz onder prijs op, langs deze weg de initiatiefnemers, de organisator, degenen die door hun bijdrage ons z6 aangenaam verrast hebben en de H eer de Meester voor de aanbieding der geschenken en de hierbij gesproken woorden , heel hartelijk dank te zeggen. Dat de Heer Burger bereid is gevonden mijn taak over te nemen , heeft mij het neerleggen va n het Secretariaat en het Pen ningmeesterschap ten zeerste verlicht. Met het op z6 korte termijn organiseren van mijn afscheid, heeft de Heer Burger bewez en een prima organisator te zijn. Vol vertrouwen gee£ ik hem de wacht over en ik ben over tu igd als hij, naar ik hoop over vele jaren, zijn taak zal neerleggen, U ook van hem zult zeggen : " H e plenty sabbie, he fixum allight". U allen en de Vereniging, wensen mijn vrouw en ik van ganser harte: "Good Joss". Nogmaals hartelijk dank, mede n amens mijn vrouw, voor de onvergetelijke 21ste J uni 1958. D e redactie dank voor de hulp die ik van h aar steeds mocht ondervi nden en voor de opname van deze brief. Hoogachtend, P. A. VERGROESEN. II/
M.V. TJIWANGI'S DEPARTURE FROM TG.PRIOK
TO THE NEW GENERATION CAPTAINS
For you still in your prime of Life It will be useful to look back Upon some of us for whom strife H as lost its edges, our tide is slack m.v. TJIWANGI during her departure from Tg.Priok on Tune 17th, her first Indonesian trip after an absence of nearly two months.
We have had our day, as you have now We sailed the ships that in command you hold While we no longer the seas do plow But ruminate on stories, too often told.
She is leaving T g.Priok harbour late in the afternoon with ::: 900 passengers on board of whom some 8oo with destination Canton. A packed crowd is seen wishing them " BON VOYAGE ".
We read about you, Masters of our Fleet And think of lessons we tried to teach Of days with you in storm and sleet So wide apart, still within reach. How you resented any interference And balked at being put wise How you'd measure in inches your clearance And only between mile and fathom 'd compromise.
THE SHIPOWNER The shipowner knocked at the pearly gate, His face looked worn and old, He meekly asked the man of fate, For admission to the fold. , What have you done?" asked Peter, , To seek admission here?" ,Oh, I ran ships for many, many a year". The gate swung open sharply as Peter touched the bell ,Come in", he said, ,take up the harp, You've had enough of Hell!"
We had been the same but strove to forget As you have now but have no fear You wi"l remember the day we met The very first of your career. We are proud of you but will not tell THAT is not done, that would be soft Only WE loved our ships so well And kept the Flag aloft.
(De Hlau111e Wimpcl).
Keep sailing through typhoon and mirage We know you, we trust you indeed And wish you a Bon Voyage Our blessings and GOD Speed.
Pensioner. JOTTINGS . . . . MINDS OVER MATTERs-Great minds discuss ideas, average minds discuss events, small minds discuss people.- Anon.
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The world is full of people who can tell us how to succeed. What we need is somebody to teach us how to fail gracefully. We can't all succeed, and those who flop might as well fall on their faces with a minimum of fuss. /ohn Carson.
-~IY
(l>y permiuion)
(From The Cot/Iman).
TJ8
THE SHIP OF THE WEEK
The above pictur.-s were taken in Grand H mcl " Gvoiland " on July 3rd , when r.-cordings wnc made for m.v. T~ Gt.LKI:.RG (right) and m .v. MA>:fsurcKEJ< (left).
j.L.J.v .d. Lepo J.D. Koch J. van fiovc n j. Ligtenberg
H.j. l.ocncn
On August rsth, H)58, the broadcast will be directed to the m .v. TJIN!iC.ARA as Eastship and m. v. STRAAT MALAKKA as W estship. The Eastship will be nearby Port Swettenham on that d ate, while the STRAAT MALAKKA will be on her way from Capetown to Rio de Janeiro.
1st Radio Otticcr Surgeon Chief Engineer
3rt!
D. Peters
W. I-Teng,tmengcl
The list of the ctat-major contained the following nam es on this day the issue had to be sent to the printers:
~th
H.A. Slctten:wr
S. Brouwer
S . van der lllom
J. A. W. Aartsen L.W. van den Bos
J. H. Langelcr
\V.F. Vermeer
F. Dammc
~!.E .F.
m.u. Tjinegnra
Eastsllip Captain Chief Ofliccr
2nd 3rd ~th
" "
Ch.J.C. Podman L.P. Wcststratc J. L.v. Schoondragcr H .J. Frowcin G.J. H ondius
111 .//.
21ld
"
Strant M,lfaklia
Wcstsllip J.R. Ezcndam
"
G.P. Proper S. Westcrwecl E . van Laren K . Romclingh
Appr .
*
*
1-'.R. Stiickcr 1\.E. Saman
Willems
P. Proscc
Purser
P.L.W. v:lll Omclcn
Stcwardc;s
l. M. Mols F aria
*
PERSONAL I TIES Mr J.R. van Osselen, our Managing Director left H ong Kong fo r Japan on a businesstrip by J.A.L. on July 5th, and returned to Hong Kong on July 19th , by P .A.A. Mr J. Versteeg's 25th anniversary with R.l.L. was celebrated on 28th July. W e shall report on this occasion in our next issue.
TROPHY WON BY D E RUYTER
At the Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club- Yearly Prize gtv1ng on 14th June, rgs8-Mrs F. Stock, wife of the Club' s Commodore presenting the Royal Na1·al Voluntary Reserve Memorial Vase,
Mr. Ver s\c~g
sem in his d'!main at the H ead Office .
won this year by R.I.L. 's new Dragon, D E RuYn.R.
LEAVE
NEW PERSONNEL
A hearty welcome is extended to the fo llowing new R.I.L. 'ers who recently took up employment: Mr Th .M. van den Bosch ,
The following personnel went on leave: ~ lr
P. Algra P.A. j .v.d . Bergh J.P.M. Paardek<>opcr T .v.d . Dool , P.). M. Los , M.J. T aal , G.) .C. llevclandcr 1-T. v .d . Meulcn , H.j. ter Stege , J.J. Veldhuizen H.G . Brandt , ) .) . Erkelens , C. W. Jeremias' c C.E. Kroe;c , M. Pach , I. van Zuylcn
4th Officer
,
C. E. Herbig EXAMINATION RESULTS
Our congratulations go to the followin g officers, who passed examinations as indicated below : Mr S.Tj. Doornbos P . Maas S. W csterwed G .l-! . Menses A. Snel A.A. Hommcrson
"
2nd Officer 3rd
" Engineer 2nd
,
4lh
Tll.l Pr .ll Th.I Pr .C Th .C A
LEAVING (OR LEFT) R.I.L. SERVICE 2nd Officer Mr ). M. Noordhock W .C. )cnezon j" r
L7·5H ~·7·5H
3·7·5H 7·7·5H 27.6.5H 3· 7· 5~
zncl" Ofl-icer , Jnl ))
,
znd Engineer 3rd / Electrician
) :il
Those who returned are : posted 10 m.v. Captain Mr W . Buys " s.s. , L . Rademaker Ch ~' Off . , n1. v . , J.D . Jelijs P. Maas 3rd , S. \Vesterwecl , J.H . Kokshoorn :: Eng. f Elec. , A. A. H ommerson -tth Eng.
ST~. M o'l.AMHI \1\IE
TjtKAMJ•tK TJ!LUWAH
RuYS STR. MALAKK A
RuYs T )lu :wAH
PROMOTIONS
O ur congratulations go to the following per sonnel who were promoted as per 1st July, 1958 : To Captain Mr P.A .J. v.d . Ocrgh J.J .G . Kuik
"
T o Chief Officer Mr G. van Altena A.J.M. Michiclscn " J. Verburg
"
To 211d Officer Mr P .L. E ichhorn A.C. de Moor " ) .J.v. N us " F .J. Panhuyzen E . Pels
"
To 3rd 0 fficer Mr ).R.v. Amcrongcn F. Bakker W.H . D opheide " E.J. Droste J.J. Duit " H .E. Kerkmeycr H .W. Louet Fcisscr H . de Meyer " A. Steketee
"
T o Chief Enginu r ~ir H . Spruyt
T o 2nd E11gi11ecr Mr S. Hcykoop C.v.h. Maalpad " D .H . Meinen
"
To jl'd Engineer Mr B.F .v. Calker W.J. E ysink " J. H eynckamk J.l.. v.d . Werff
"
To 41ft Engi neer Mr H .L. Frcnks G.E. Godschalk " G .W. H obbclink " A. A. Hom mcrson H .A. Klazcma D .v. Klingeren R. Mouthaan A. j .G . Strengholt
"
To Purser 2nd Class Mr R.J. Jonkholf P. Smir B. A.C.H .G.v. Zutphcn To Ass. Purser ut Class Mr P.L.W .v. Onsclcn To Chef van Dims/ Mr C. W. Jcrcmiassc To Adjunct Chef lr R. Boorsma To Hoofdcm ploye Mr D . Kuiper
On June 6th, 1958, Mr Choy To rJ{. 1tmJ passed away peacefully at the age of fifty-nine after a long illness. Mr Choy To served last as Storekeeper on m.v. TJIJ•,\NAS.
News has been received that Mr N g Shiu Sang ( ~*£i ~ ) H eadwaiter of m.v. TJITJALENGKA passed away at sea on July 19th, 1958. The burial took place on July 22nd, 1958. Mr Ng Shiu Sang first joined m .v. TEGELBE~G on December 12th, 1954 as III Cl. steward. H e was promoted to Tallyman on June 3oth, 1956; thence to Asst. H d . W aiter on December 12th, 1956. He was posted to m .v. TJITJALENCKA on May 15th, 1958 as H eadwaiter. May they rest in peace.
120 YE O L. DE PRI N TERfE ,
LTD .
