10/1/2012
Shared by: L. Setyobudi 2012 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
1
Lingkup Pengetahuan Dasar Hortikultura Principles: - Plant Classification
Horticultural Practices: - Mechanism of plant
- Plant Cell - Vegetative Growth and Development - Reproductive development - Plant metabolism
propagation - Pruning and growth control - Pest control - Marketing, Storage, and Food Processing
Branches of Horticulture:
Plant Environment: - Temperature 10/1/2012
-
Pomology Olericulture Floriculture Medical and Spices culture - Nursery culture - Landscape design
relations Water relations Light relations Soils Nutrition LSB-TPT 2012
2
The role of horticulture product: Vegetables 1. Source of food, vitamin, mineral and crops fibers, 2. Source of natural herbal and medicine, 3. Protect and improving the living environment, 4. High economic value product for people earning and poverty alleviation, 5. Absorbing the man power sources, 6. Potential export product. 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
3
1
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
4
Mall Adeleide
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
5
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
6
2
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
7
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
8
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
9
3
10/1/2012
Indonesian Vegetable consumption • Jenis sayuran yang paling banyak dikonsumsi: Terung, Wortel, Kubis, Tomat, Bayam, Paprika, Bawang Merah, Cabe, Jamur, Sawi, Bawang daun (80 Jenis) • This matter related to the problem on distribution system, eating habit, people sociocultural, household low income and so on. 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
10
Countries Vegetable consumption 2010 (kg/person/year) 300 250 200
146 kg
150
75 kg
100
40,10 kg 50 0
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
11
TREN PRODUKSI SAYURAN (Ton) DI INDONESIA 1997-2011 http://www.bps.go.id 2,000,000 Bw Merah 1,800,000
Bw Putih
1,600,000
Daun Bw Kentang
1,400,000
Kubis Cabai
1,200,000
Sawi Wortel
1,000,000
Kembang Kol 800,000
Lobak Kacang Merah
600,000
Kacang panjang 400,000
Tomat Terung
200,000
Buncis Ketimun
0 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
Labu Siam
12
4
10/1/2012
Perkembangann Nilai ekspor Sayuran 2007-2012 Nilai Ekspor (US$) NO
KOMODITAS
2007
1
Jamur
2
Cabe
3
Kubis
4
Bawang Merah
3.491.809
5
Kentang
6
Terung
7 8 9 10 11
Kacang Kapri Tomat Jagung Manis Ketimun Bawang Putih
12 13 14 15
Bawang Bombay Wortel Bunga Kol Sayuran Lainnya
2008
2009
2010
Rata rata Pertumbuh an 2007 2011
2011
29.690.216 30.844.312 21.632.464 14.262.799 13.707.710 6.020.379
7.075.784
10.101.391 10.831.992
10/1/2012
Total Sayuran
-16%
7.615.477 10.101.841 10.533.369
16%
9.876.338
8.074.127
6.635.554
-9%
4.533.837
4.347.608
1.814.425
6.594.469
58%
3.029.554
2.709.536
2.554.165
2.719.777
4.425.883
13%
106.597
167.088
349.446
746.996
1.306.002
89%
323.935 755.331 1.204.693 473.270 27.092
502.581 579.225 424.540 316.840 3.175
260.843 453.581 420.249 208.363 39.957
995.971 592.002 150.460 72.490 75.745
1.181.096 706.178 695.017 72.398 58.493
77% 1% 58% -33% 284%
95.001 166.674 67.729 39.899 53.053 3.209 3.537 776 2.170 13.856 255.892 179.648 827.887 53.033 882 82.851.023 112.275.023 135.316.470 130.591.314 150.933.330
2% 163% 20% 17%
LSB-TPT 2012
13
138.429.392 170.613.792 183.971.353 170.293.049 196.917.290
10%
Perkembangan Nilai Impor sayuran 2007-2011 Nilai Impor (US$) NO
KOMODITAS 2007
1
Bawang Putih
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Kentang Bawang Merah Bawang Bombay Cabe Wortel Kacang Kapri Tomat Jamur Jagung Manis Kubis Bunga Kol Ketimun Terung
15
Sayuran Lainnya 10/1/2012
Total Sayuran
2008
2009
2010
2011
123.956.692 152.517.541 166.371.881 245.960.424 272.818.908 26.472.452 44.096.742 16.824.780 10.190.710 9.171.843 4.462.517 4.970.963 1.707.796 1.118.607 461.129 263.677 51.360 174
30.737.090 53.814.402 23.389.706 12.684.723 9.428.361 4.099.479 10.625.696 1.863.156 1.570.744 625.957 260.444 47.641 -
34.938.145 28.942.306 18.387.000 14.780.342 10.036.005 7.617.497 7.957.888 3.208.712 1.073.294 330.434 181.473 34.210 353
41.194.972 33.861.939 32.973.706 18.604.659 17.616.907 5.566.816 9.069.846 3.695.905 2.261.703 845.871 317.302 65.557 339
81.219.430 77.443.938 43.218.766 27.566.634 21.934.836 9.436.616 9.066.578 3.989.751 3.389.518 1.831.103 292.710 60.475 191
99.649.613 133.069.354 136.197.868 168.821.957 228.621.056 LSB-TPT 2012
343.399.055 434.734.294 430.057.408 580.857.903 780.890.510
Rata rata Pertumb uhan 2007 2011 23% 36% 30% 32% 29% 27% 30% 26% 26% 42% 65% 9% 12% 38% 24% 14
24%
Vegetable Consumption per Capita, 1996-2004 (kg/year) Years
Vegetable Single item: Spinach Swamp cabbage Cabbage Chinese cabbage Mustard green Beans String bean Tomato Carrot Cucumber Cassava leaf Egg crops Bean sprout Squash Unripe corn Mushroom Young jackfruit Unripe papaya Mixed items: Soup/Stir-Fried Vegetables Sour Vegetables Soup TOTAL 10/1/2012 Source: CAS (1980-2005)
1996
1999
2002
2004
: 4.00 4.11 1.82 0.47 0.83 1.04 3.74 1.25 0.62 1.61 4.11 1.92 0.88 0.88 0.99 0.31 1.66 1.04
3.64 4.42 1.56 0.47 0.73 0.68 3.22 1.30 0.57 1.20 4.11 1.92 0.88 0.73 0.88 0.26 1.25 1.14
4.16 4.63 1.92 0.52 0.88 0.88 3.74 1.56 0.83 1.72 4.06 2.50 0.83 0.88 1.56 0.47 1.14 1.09
4.43 4.54 2.03 0.47 0.83 0.94 3.44 1.51 0.73 1.93 4.28 2.56 0.89 0.83 1.72 0.47 1.20 0.99
3.95 5.25
3.80 4.73
4.68 5.51
5.27 5.68
40,48
37,49
43,56
44,74
LSB-TPT 2012
15
5
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
16
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
17
• Fruit and vegetables are important components of a healthy diet, and their sufficient daily consumption could help prevent major diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. Overall, it is estimated that up to 2.7 million lives could potentially be saved each year if fruit and vegetable consumption were sufficiently increased. • A recently published WHO/FAO report recommends the intake of a minimum of 400g of fruit and vegetables per day (excluding potatoes and other starchy tubers) for the prevention of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity, as well as for the prevention and alleviation of several micronutrient deficiencies, especially in less developed countries. There is increasing scientific evidence that low fruit and vegetable intake is a key risk factor for several noncommunicable diseases, therefore WHO is planning an initiative which will actively promote increased consumption of fruit and vegetables. 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
18
6
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
19
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
20
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
MACAM SAYURAN
10/1/2012
21
7
10/1/2012
Vegetables commodity :
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) Brokoli (Brassica oleraceae var Italica Plenck.) Cabe (Capsicum sp.) Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kubis (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata) Mentimun (Cucumis sativus) Terong (Solanum melongena L.) Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) Wortel (Daucus carota L.) Dll.
• • • •
Sayuran daun Sayuran buah Sayuran umbi Sayuran batang
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
22
Jenis sayuran yang dibudidayakan • selada, caisim (sawi), kangkung cabut, bayam cabut, kemangi dan kenikir, Kacang panjang, terung hijau panjang/ungu oyong, mentimun dan pare, dll.
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
23
Syarat teknis • Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ) • Budidaya yang mengacu pada prinsip GAP (Good Agriculture Pratices) atau budidaya yang baik dan benar serta dilakukan secara konsisten. 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
24
8
10/1/2012
Prinsip Budidaya Sayuran GAP (Good Agriculture Practices) – Indo-GAP • SL-GAP : Sekolah Lapangan GAP Sayuran dan Tanaman Obat (Permentan No. 48/2009: Pedoman Budidaya Buah dan Sayur yang baik) dan acuan teknis lainnya, terutama SOP spesifik komoditas dan lokasi • Landasan HukumKepmentan.No.511/kpts/PD.310/9/2006 • uu Hortikultura No.13 tahun 2010 • PERMENTAN NO 44 GHP • PERMENTAN NO 48 GAP SAYUR DAN BUAH • PERMENTAN NO 62 REG LAHAN USAHA 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
25
Tujuan Penerapan Pedoman Budidaya Buah dan Sayuran yang Baik: 1. meningkatkan produksi dan produktivitas tanaman; 2. meningkatkan mutu hasil termasuk keamanan konsumsi; 3. meningkatkan efisiensi produksi; 4. memperbaiki efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya alam ; 5. mempertahankan kesuburan lahan, kelestarian lingkungan dan sistem produksi yang berkelanjutan; 6. mendorong petani dan kelompok tani untuk memiliki sikap mental yang bertanggung jawab terhadap produk yang dihasilkan, kesehatan dan keamanan diri dan lingkungan; 7. meningkatkan daya saing dan peluang penerimaan oleh pasar internasional maupun domestik; 8. memberi jaminan keamanan terhadap konsumen; dan 2012 26 9.10/1/2012 meningkatkan kesejahteraanLSB-TPT petani
Dasar Teknologi Produksi Sayuran 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
10/1/2012
Zone Agroekologi Persiapan Lahan Benih Budidaya Panen dan Penanganan Pasca Panen Packaging dan Pemasaran
LSB-TPT 2012
27
9
10/1/2012
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Potato makes the largest contribution to the total production of tuber crops. Annual world production currently totals 274 million ton on 18 million ha. The Russian federation rank as the world’s largest producer, followed closely by China. In the early 1990s, 30 % of the global potato output was produced in developing countries, Asia, Africa & Latin America
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
28
TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) Tomato are highly important annual vegetable. Usually cultivated on dry season, May – August. Production of these crops steadily increased, may have caused : improved crop var., crop management, + use fertilizers, pest & diseases management, improved irrigation, conservation & harvesting method 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
29
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
30
10
10/1/2012
Tomato Crops
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
31
LSB-TPT 2012
32
WORTEL (Daucus carota) 10/1/2012
Budidaya Tanaman Bawang Putih (Allium sativum)
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
33
11
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
34
Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum)
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
35
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
36
12
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
Spodoptera exigua 37
KUBIS (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata)
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
38
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
39
13
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
40
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
41
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
42
14
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
43
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
44
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
45
15
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
46
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
47
Beberapa Contoh • Bayam banyak mengandung Vitamin dan garam-garam mineral penting yang diperlukan tubuh seperti ; kalori 36 kal, Protein 3,5 gr, Lemak 0,5 gr, Karbohidrat 6,5 gr, Kalsium 267 mg. Fosfor 67 mg, Besi 3,9 mg, Vitamin A 6.090 SI, Vitamin B1 0,08 mg, Vitamin C 80 mg, Air 86,9 gr dan bagian yang dapat dimakan 71 %. 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
48
16
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
49
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
50
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
51
17
10/1/2012
Tanaman sayran di polibag
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
52
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
53
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
54
18
10/1/2012
KERIPIK BAYAM Bahan: 200 gr tepung beras 3 sdm tepung kanji 8 butir kemiri, haluskan 3 siung bawang putih, haluskan Garam secukupnya 3 sdm ebi, haluskan Air secukupnya 20 lembar daun bayam utuh Minyak goreng secukupnya Cara Membuat : 1. Campur tepung beras, tepung kanji, kemiri, bawang putih, garam, ebi yang dihaluskan. 2. Beri air sedikit sampai cukup encer. 3. Celup daun bayam ke dalam adonan encer. 4. Goreng dengan panas sedang sampai kering garing sumber : resepmasakanmu.com
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
55
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
56
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
57
19
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
58
PENGEPAKAN KANGKUNG UNTUK PEMASARAN
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
59
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
60
20
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
61
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
62
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
63
21
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
64
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
65
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
66
22
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
67
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
68
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
69
23
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
70
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
71
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
72
24
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
73
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
74
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
75
25
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
76
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
77
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
78
26
10/1/2012
BABY CARROT
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
79
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
80
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
81
27
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
82
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
83
LSB-TPT 2012
84
BABY SAWI
10/1/2012
28
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
85
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
86
Banyak mitos mengatakan kalau terong membuat badan menjadi loyo. Mitos ini harus dikikis habis, fakta justru sebaliknya. Terong justru mendongkrak gairah seksual pria karena efek afrodisiaknya. Penelitian ilmiah punya fakta lain, terong dapat mencegah kanker, kaya serat, mengandung vitamin (A, B & C) dan mineral penting lainnya. Berbagai penyakit seperti wasir, rematik, batuk, penyakit kulit, bahkan raja singa juga bisa disembuhkan dengan sayuran “ajaib” ini. 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
87
29
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
BABY TERONG / EGG PLANT 88
Dodol Terung, Manisan Terung, Nugget Terung, Leather LSB-TPT 2012 Terung, dan Permen Terung 89
LSB-TPT 2012
90
30
10/1/2012
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
91
Minuman secang telah lama dikonsumsi oleh nenek moyang bangsa Indonesia, khususnya kalangan kraton tanah Jawa. Tanaman secang secara pengalaman bisa mendongkrak stamina sehingga tubuh lebih tahan terhadap serangan penyakit.
Cocok untuk penderita sipilis, batuk berdarah, 10/1/2012 dan radang
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
92
LSB-TPT 2012
93
31
10/1/2012
Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) adalah tanaman obat yang banyak tumbuh dihutan Kalimantan, Sumatera, dan Papua. Akar tanaman ini mirip dengan kayu atau paku yang tertancap ke bumi, sehingga dinamakan pasak bumi. Sedangkan di Malaysia, tanaman ini lebih dikenal dengan sebutan 'tongkat Ali'.
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
94
PIL ASMARASARI (KHUSUS WANITA) KHASIAT & KEGUNAAN: jamu ini mengandung daun Tabat Barito dari kalimantan, khusus untuk wanita, menambah tenaga dan keharmonisan hubungan dengan suami, mengurangi lendir yang keluar, menghilangkan bau yang kurang sedap, mencegah keputihan, serta menghilangkan rasa pegal linu sehabis bermalam panjang. Komposisi: Ficasis Deltoidae Folium 10%, Granati Fructus Cortex 7%, Parameriae Cortex 8%, Gallae 8% dan bahan bahan lain sampai 100%
Sinonim Ficus diversifolia Blume (1825); Ficus lutescens Desf. (1829); Ficus motlevana Miq (1867); Ficus diversifolia Blume var. deltoidea (Jack.) Ridl. (1924) 10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
95
SEKIAN
10/1/2012
LSB-TPT 2012
96
32
