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Project Design 1
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PRODUCT DESIGN 3
Product Design & Process Planning
Need Identification
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Operation Design
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PRODUCT DESIGN Desain Produk : Dwi Purnomo www. agroindustry.wordpress.com
The Four C’s of Design
Creativity Requires creation of something new
Complexity Requires decision on many Variables and Parameters
Choice Requires making choices between many possible solution
Compromise Requires balancing multiple conflicting requirements
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Morphology of Design
Types of Design Project 5
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1. Conceptual Design 2. Embodiment Design 3. Detail Design 4. Planning For Manufacture 5. Planning For Distribution 6. Planning for Use 7. Planning for Retirement of the Product
Variation of Existing Product Improvement of Existing Product Development of New Product One-of-a-Kind Design
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Product Design Process
Identifying Customer Needs
Conceptual Design 7
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Problem Definition -Problem Statement -Benchmarking -QFD -PDS -Project Planning
Gather Information
Concept Generation
-Internet -Patent -Trade -Literature
- Brainstorming - Functional Decomposition -Morphological Chart
Evaluation of Concept
Configuration Design
- Arrangement of Physical Elements to Carry out Function
-Prelim. Selection Materials and Manufacturing -Modeling/sizing of part
Parametric Design
Detail Design
-Robust Design -Tolerances -Final Dimension -DFM
- Detail Drawing s and Specifications
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Gathering Information From Customers
Embodiment Design
Product Architecture
-Pugh Concept Selection -Decision Matrices
Interview, Focus Group, Customer Survey, and Customer Complaint
Constructing Survey Instrument Evaluating Customer Needs
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Dimension of Quality for Manufactured Product 9
Customer Requirements 10
Performance Features Reliability Durability Serviceability Conformance Aesthetics Perceived Quality
Expected
There are basic attributes that one would expect to see in the product
Spoken
There are specific features that customer defines the product in terms of these attributes that one would expect to see in the product
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Customer Requirements 11
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Unspoken
Quality Function Deployment
These Are Specific Features That Customers Say They Want in the Product.
Exciters
These Are Product Features That Make the Product Unique and Distinguish It From the Competition
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A Planning and Problem Solving Tool for Translating Customer Requirements Into the Engineering Characteristics of Product ( Engineering Parameters) dwipurnomo
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Conceptual Design
5 Correlation Matrix
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4 Engineering Characteristic 1 Customer Req’ment
6 Relationship Matrix
2 Competitive Assessment
“What?”
Process by which the design is initiated, carried to the point of creating a number of possible solution, and narrowed down to a single best concept
3 Importance Rating
7. Absolute Importance 8. Relative Importance 9. Technical Competitive Assessment 10. Technical Difficulty 11. Target Value dwipurnomo
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Process Planning
Product Design Specification 15
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A Document Which Contains All of the Facts Related to the Outcome of the Product Development In Use Purpose and Market Functional Requirements Corporate Constraint Social, Political, and Legal Requirements
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Planning of production processes based on the product design starting from raw material in to finish good
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Operation Process Chart
Operation Process Chart 17
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Chart describe the operation making process from the beginning ( material input) to the finish (finished good) ASME symbol: Operation Inspection Operation and Inspection Storage Flow
Plywood
Pipe
•Cutting •Circular Saw
5’
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15’
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•Polishing •Grinding
15’
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•Painting •Sprayer
3’
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•Make Screw •Drilling
•Cutting •Circular Saw
5’
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3’
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•Forming •Press
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•Make Screw •Drilling
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•Assembly & Inspection •Mannual
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PERANCANGAN SISTEM 20
Analisis Permintaan
OPERATION SYSTEM DESIGN
Perancangan Produk Dan Proses Penentuan Kapasitas Penentuan Lokasi Perancangan Lay Out dwipurnomo
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Analisis Permintaan
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Sumber Peluang 22
Analisis Peluang Pasar
Proyeksi Demand Potential (Do)
The Unexpected The Incongruity Process Need Change Struktur Industri
Market Share ( S )
Persepsi,
Proyeksi Demand Effektif (De ) De = S.Do
“mood” dan makna
New Knowledge
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Prinsip Inovasi 23
Persyaratan
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Dimulai Dengan Analisis Peluang Bersifat Konseptual Dan Perseptual Sederhana Dan Terpusat Mulai Dengan Yang Kecil Ditujukan Untuk Menjadi Leader
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dan struktur pasar
Demografi
Berorientasi Pada Pasar Bekerja Hanya Pada Satu Bidang Saja Membangun Berdasarkan Kekuatan Sendiri
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Demand Potential
Metoda Proyeksi
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Totalitas permintaan produk/jasa tanpa memperhatikan siapa yang akan memasok
Market Size
Market Research Kwalitatif Kwantitatif Time Series Causal
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Demand Effective
Demand Effective
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Jumlah permintaan produk/jasa yang diminta konsumen yang dapat diraih oleh pemasok tertentu Do
Merupakan bagian dari demand potential
De 10
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Pengertian Kapasitas
Analisis Market Share 29
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Analisis Persaingan
Kapasitas Adalah Kemampuan Maksimum Dari Suatu Fasilitas Persatuan Waktu
5 Forces ( Porter ) Substitute Supplier Buyer New Entrance Competitor
Design(Co) Effektif(Ce) Aktual(Ca)
( Designer )
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( Planner )
( Executor)
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Langkah Perhitungan Co
Keterkaitan Antar Kapasitas 31
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Demand Effective
Co
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Kapasitas Effektif
Loses (L)
Ce
Strategi Kapasitas
Effisiensi (E)
Ca
Kapasitas Design
CCR ( R )
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Kapasitas Effektif
Strategi Kapasitas
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Policy A : Capacity leads demand Units
Ce = De/(1-L)
Capacity
Demands
Time
Policy B : Capacity in approximate with demand
Dimana L: loses karena -
Capacity Units
Kerusakan di gudang Kerusakan transportasi Waranty Sales program
Demands Time
Policy C : Capacity legs demand Units
Demands Capacity Time
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Strategi Kapasitas
Capacity Cushion Ratio 35
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R = ( Cx – Cs )/Cx
Dimana:
R : Capacity Cushion Ratio Cx : Marginal Profit Cs : Marginal Production
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Lead Demand Lag Demand Equal Demand
R > 0.5 R < 0.5 R = 0.5
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Kapasitas Design 37
Co = Ce/E Dimana E : Effisiensi Pabrik
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