2008

UNIVERSITAS BINA NUSANTARA

Jurusan Teknik Informatika Skripsi Sarjana Komputer Semester Genap Tahun 2007/2008 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS-DATA PROGRAM PEMINJAMAN PADA KELURAHAN MANGGA BESAR Cahya Wiguna 0800756953 Nugroho Cahyo Riadmojo 0800758555 Anggie Rolino 0800772061 Kelas/Kelompok : 08PBT/8 Abstrak Tujuan dari aplikasi yang dirancang di dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mempermudah pengaturan dana yang diberikan pemerintah pada Kelurahan Mangga Besar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis dan metode perancangan. Metode analisis meliputi wawancara dengan ketua dewan kelurahan dan menganalisa sistem yang sedang berjalan dengan melakukan survei. Metode perancangan meliputi pembuatan basis-data, membuat rancangan informasi dan tampilan layar, dan pembuatan state transition diagram. Berdasarkan survei yang dilakukan, masalah yang dihadapi adalah penyimpanan data peminjam masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga proses pencarian data menjadi sulit dan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Kami mengusulkan pembuatan sistem basis data untuk masalah yang dihadapi oleh Kelurahan Mangga Besar. Dengan sistem basis-data, data peminjam dan pinjaman dapat lebih tertata dengan rapi.

Kata kunci Aplikasi database, peminjaman, metode perancangan, diagram

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PRAKATA

Puji syukur dan terima kasih kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan yang maha Esa atas karunia dan rahmatNya, atas segala bimbingan dan penyertaanNya sehingga kami dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Pada kesempatan ini, kami ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesarbesarnya kepada pihak-pihak yang telah membantu kami sehingga skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan tepat pada waktunya, antara lain: 1. Prof. Dr. Gerardus Polla, M.App.Sc., selaku rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara. 2. Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc, M.ComSc., selaku dekan fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara. 3. Bapak Fredy Purnomo, S.Kom., M.Kom., selaku ketua jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara. 4. Orang tua yang telah memberikan dukungan baik dalam hal material maupun spiritual. 5. Bapak Tonny Halim, M.Kom., selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi kami yang telah memberikan dukungan serta masukan-masukan yang bermanfaat bagi kami. 6. Bapak Dede Yahya, S.H., selaku Ketua Dewan Kelurahan Mangga Besar yang telah memberikan dukungan dan waktu selama penelitian di Kelurahan untuk keperluan skripsi. 7. Teman-teman yang telah memberikan masukkan dan dukungan semangat selama penyusunan skripsi ini. 8. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat kami sebutkan satu persatu, yang telah banyak membantu baik secara moril maupun spiritual. viii

Akhir kata, kami berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat dijadikan awal bagi pengembangan selanjutnya, sehingga hasil yang diperoleh dapat disempurnakan dan lebih berdaya guna di masa mendatang.

Jakarta, 14 Juni 2008

Penulis

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DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul Luar ............................................................................................................i Halaman Judul Dalam ....................................................................................................... ii Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover...................................................................................... iii Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji ................................................................................iv Abstrak ............................................................................................................................ vii Prakata............................................................................................................................ viii Daftar Isi ............................................................................................................................x Daftar Gambar..................................................................................................................xv Daftar Tabel ....................................................................................................................xix Daftar Lampiran ..............................................................................................................xxi BAB I PENDAHULUAN.................................................................................................1 1.1

Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................1

1.2

Ruang Lingkup...................................................................................................3

1.3

Tujuan dan Manfaat ...........................................................................................4

1.4

Metodologi .........................................................................................................5

1.5

Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................................6

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI .........................................................................................7 2.1

Teori Umum .......................................................................................................7 2.1.1

Sistem Basis-Data ......................................................................................7

2.1.2

Entity Relationship (ER) Modelling ..........................................................8

2.1.3

Strong and Weak Entity Types...................................................................9

2.1.3.1

Structural Constraints...........................................................................10 x

2.1.3.1.1

One-to One (1:1) Relationship .......................................................10

2.1.3.1.2

One-to Many (1:*) Relationship ....................................................11

2.1.3.1.3

Many-to Many (*:*) Relationship..................................................11

2.1.4

Database Application Lifecycle ...............................................................12

2.1.4.1

Database Planning................................................................................13

2.1.4.2

System Definition ................................................................................13

2.1.4.3

Requirement Collection And Analysis ................................................14

2.1.4.4

Database Design...................................................................................14

2.1.4.4.1

Conceptual Database Design..........................................................15

2.1.4.4.2

Logical Database Design ...............................................................16

2.1.4.4.3 Physical Database Design ..............................................................17 2.1.4.5

Application Design ..............................................................................18

2.1.4.5.1

Desain Transaksi ............................................................................18

2.1.4.5.2

Desain Tampilan Bagi User ...........................................................19

2.1.4.6

Prototyping...........................................................................................19

2.1.4.7

Implementation ....................................................................................20

2.1.4.8

Data Conversion And Loading.............................................................20

2.1.4.9

Testing..................................................................................................21

2.1.4.10 2.2

Operational Maintenance .................................................................21

Teori Penunjang ...............................................................................................22 2.2.1

Peminjaman..............................................................................................22

2.2.2

Arsitektur MySQL ..................................................................................22

2.2.2.1 2.2.3

Komponen MySQL..............................................................................23 PHP ..........................................................................................................23 xi

BAB III

ANALISIS SISTEM BERJALAN .............................................................24

3.1

Latar Belakang Organisasi ...............................................................................24

3.2

Visi Dan Misi ...................................................................................................24

3.3

Struktur Organisasi ..........................................................................................25

3.4

Pembagian Tugas Dan Wewenang...................................................................26

3.5

Sistem Yang Sedang Berjalan..........................................................................27

3.6

Analisis SWOT ................................................................................................28

3.7

Permasalahan Yang Dihadapi ..........................................................................29

3.8

Kerangka Berpikir Pemecahan Masalah ..........................................................29

3.9

Usulan Pemecahan Masalah.............................................................................30

BAB IV 4.1

PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI ...........................................31 Sistem Yang Diusulkan....................................................................................31

4.1.1

Context Diagram Yang Diusulkan ...........................................................32

4.1.2

Data Flow Diagram Yang Diusulkan.......................................................33

4.2

Perancangan Database PPMK..........................................................................34 4.2.1

Perancangan Database Conceptual ..........................................................34

4.2.1.1

Mengidentifikasikan Tipe Entity .........................................................35

4.2.1.2

Mengidentifikasi Relasi Antar Entity ..................................................36

4.2.1.3

Menentukan Multiplicity Dari Tipe Relational ....................................37

4.2.1.4

Mengidentifikasi Atribut Tiap Entity...................................................39

4.2.1.5

Mengidentifikasikan Candidate Key dan Primary Key Tiap Entity ....41

4.2.1.6

Pemilihan DBMS .................................................................................43

4.2.2 4.2.2.1

Perancangan Database Logical ................................................................44 Menentukan Relasi Model Data Logikal .............................................44 xii

4.2.2.1.1

Strong Entity ..................................................................................44

4.2.2.1.2

Weak Entity....................................................................................45

4.2.2.1.3 Relasi Biner One-To-Many ............................................................46 4.2.2.1.4 Relasi Biner One-To-One...............................................................49 4.2.2.1.5

Relasi Biner Many-To-many..........................................................51

4.2.2.1.6

Dokumentasi Relasi dan Atribut Foreign Key ...............................52

4.2.3

Perancangan Database Physical ...............................................................55

4.2.3.1

Merancang Base Relation ....................................................................55

4.2.3.2

Analysis Transaksi ...............................................................................63

4.2.3.3

Mengestimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan Yang Dibutuhkan ..................74

4.3

Perancangan Aplikasi.......................................................................................78 4.3.1

Struktur Menu ..........................................................................................78

4.3.1.1

Struktur Menu Admin ..........................................................................78

4.3.1.2

Struktur Menu User..............................................................................79

4.3.2

Rancangan State Transition Diagram.......................................................80

4.3.3

Perancangan Layar ...................................................................................88

4.3.3.1

Perancangan Layar admin ....................................................................89

4.3.3.2

Perancangan Layar User ......................................................................96

4.4

Implementasi ..................................................................................................101 4.4.1

Spesifikasi Hardware .............................................................................101

4.4.2

Spesfikasi Software................................................................................101

4.4.3

Instalasi ..................................................................................................101

4.4.4

Testing And Development .....................................................................102

4.4.5

Jadwal Implementasi..............................................................................102 xiii

4.4.5.1

Halaman Index ...................................................................................103 Halaman Admin ...........................................................................105

4.4.5.1.2

Halaman User...............................................................................120

4.4.6

4.4.5.1.1

Evaluasi Aplikasi ...................................................................................129

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .....................................................................130 5.1

Kesimpulan ....................................................................................................130

5.2

Saran...............................................................................................................131

DAFTAR PUSTAKA DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN FOTOKOPI SURAT SURVEI

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2-1 – Strong And Weak Entity.............................................................................9 Gambar 2-2 – One to One Relationship...........................................................................10 Gambar 2-3 – One to Many Relationship ........................................................................11 Gambar 2-4 – Many to Many Relationship......................................................................11 Gambar 2-5 – Database Application Lifecycle................................................................12 Gambar 3-1 – Struktur Organisasi Kelurahan Mangga Besar .........................................25 Gambar 3-2 – Context Flow Diagram Kelurahan Mangga Besar....................................27 Gambar 4-1 – Context Flow Diagram Kelurahan Mangga Besar....................................32 Gambar 4-2 – Data Flow Diagram Level 0 PPMK Kelurahan Mangga Besar................33 Gambar 4-3 – Conceptual Entity Diagram.......................................................................36 Gambar 4-4 – Entity-Relationship Diagram Konseptual dengan Multiplicity ................38 Gambar 4-5 – Entity Relationship Dengan Primary Key ................................................42 Gambar 4-6 – Entity Relationship Diagram Dengan Atributnya.....................................54 Gambar 4-7 – Struktur Menu Admin ...............................................................................78 Gambar 4-8 – Struktur Menu User ..................................................................................79 Gambar 4-9 – STD Home Admin ....................................................................................80 Gambar 4-10 – STD Home User......................................................................................80 Gambar 4-11 – STD Manajemen Peminjam....................................................................81 Gambar 4-12 – STD Manajemen Peminjam Sisi User ....................................................81 Gambar 4-13 – STD Tambah Peminjam..........................................................................82 Gambar 4-14 – STD Tambah Peminjam sisi User...........................................................82 Gambar 4-15 – STD Tambah Pinjaman...........................................................................83 xv

Gambar 4-16 – STD Tambah Pinjaman Sisi User ...........................................................83 Gambar 4-17 – STD Manajemen User.............................................................................84 Gambar 4-18 – STD Tambah User ..................................................................................84 Gambar 4-19 – STD Edit User.........................................................................................85 Gambar 4-20 – STD Simpanan Pemerintah.....................................................................85 Gambar 4-21 – STD Tambah Simpanan Pemerintah.......................................................86 Gambar 4-22 – STD Manajemen Pinjaman .....................................................................86 Gambar 4-23 – STD Detail Pinjaman ..............................................................................87 Gambar 4-24 – STD Pembayaran ....................................................................................87 Gambar 4-25 – Rancangan Layar Login..........................................................................88 Gambar 4-26 – Rancangan Layar Home Admin..............................................................89 Gambar 4-27 – Rancangan Layar Manajemen User ........................................................89 Gambar 4-28 – Rancangan Layar Tambah User..............................................................90 Gambar 4-29 – Rancangan Layar Edit User ....................................................................90 Gambar 4-30 – Rancangan Layar Manajemen Peminjam ...............................................91 Gambar 4-31 – Rancangan Layar Tambah Peminjam .....................................................91 Gambar 4-32 – Rancangan Layar Edit Peminjam............................................................92 Gambar 4-33 – Rancangan Layar Buka Pinjaman...........................................................92 Gambar 4-34 – Rancangan Layar Detail Pinjaman..........................................................93 Gambar 4-35 – Rancangan Layar Pembayaran................................................................93 Gambar 4-36 – Rancangan Layar Manajemen Pinjaman ................................................94 Gambar 4-37 – Rancangan Layar Simpanan Pemerintah ................................................94 Gambar 4-38 – Rancangan Layar Tambah Simpanan .....................................................95 Gambar 4-39 – Rancangan Layar History Pembayaran...................................................95 xvi

Gambar 4-40 – Rancangan Layar Home Sisi User ..........................................................96 Gambar 4-41 – Rancangan Layar Peminjam Sisi User....................................................96 Gambar 4-42 – Rancangan Layar Tambah Peminjam Sisi User......................................97 Gambar 4-43 – Rancangan Layar Edit Peminjam Sisi User ............................................97 Gambar 4-44 – Rancangan Layar Buka Pinjaman Sisi User ...........................................98 Gambar 4-45 – Rancangan Layar Detail Pinjaman Sisi User ..........................................98 Gambar 4-46 – Rancangan Layar Pembayaran Sisi User ................................................99 Gambar 4-47 – Rancangan Layar Detail Angsuran Sisi User..........................................99 Gambar 4-48 – Rancangan Layar History Pembayaran Sisi User .................................100 Gambar 4-49 – Tampilan Halaman Index......................................................................103 Gambar 4-50 – Tampilan Login Error ...........................................................................104 Gambar 4-51 – Tampilan Home (Admin)......................................................................105 Gambar 4-52 – Tampilan Halaman Manajemen User ...................................................106 Gambar 4-53 – Tampilan Halaman Tambah User .........................................................106 Gambar 4-54 – Tampilan Halaman Edit User................................................................107 Gambar 4-55 – Tampilan Halaman Manajemen Peminjam...........................................108 Gambar 4-56 – Tampilan Halaman Tambah Peminjam ................................................109 Gambar 4-57 – Tampilan Halaman Edit Peminjam.......................................................110 Gambar 4-58 – Tampilan Halaman Buka Pinjaman ......................................................111 Gambar 4-59 – Tampilan Halaman Sudah Pinjam ........................................................112 Gambar 4-60 – Tampilan Halaman Detail Pinjaman.....................................................113 Gambar 4-61 – Tampilan Halaman Pembayaran ...........................................................114 Gambar 4-62 – Tampilan Halaman Pinjaman................................................................115 Gambar 4-63 – Tampilan Halaman Angsuran Lunas ....................................................116 xvii

Gambar 4-64 – Tampilan Halaman Simpanan Pemerintah............................................117 Gambar 4-65 – Tampilan Tambah Simpanan ................................................................118 Gambar 4-66 – Tampilan Halaman History Pembayaran ..............................................119 Gambar 4-67 – Tampilan Halaman Home (User)..........................................................120 Gambar 4-68 – Tampilan Halaman Manajemen Peminjam (User) ...............................121 Gambar 4-69 – Tampilan Halaman Tambah Peminjam (User) .....................................122 Gambar 4-70 – Tampilan Halaman Edit Pinjaman (User).............................................123 Gambar 4-71 – Tampilan Halaman Buka Pinjaman (User) ...........................................124 Gambar 4-72 – Tampilan Halaman Sudah Pinjam (User) .............................................125 Gambar 4-73 – Tampilan Halaman Detail Pinjaman (User)..........................................126 Gambar 4-74 – Tampilan Halaman Pembayaran (User)................................................127 Gambar 4-75 – Tampilan Halaman History Pembayaran (User)...................................128 Gambar 4-76 – Tampilan Halaman Logout ...................................................................128

xviii

DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2-1 – Komponen MySQL ......................................................................................23 Tabel 4-1 – Kamus Data Yang Mendeskripsikan Entity .................................................35 Tabel 4-2 – Kamus Data Yang Mendeskripsikan Relationship .......................................37 Tabel 4-3 – Kamus Data Entity........................................................................................40 Tabel 4-4 – Identifikasi Candidate Key Dan Primary Key ..............................................41 Tabel 4-5 – Perbandingan Fitur PostgreSQL dan MySQL ..............................................43 Tabel 4-6 – Dokumen Relasi Dan Atribut Dan Foreign Key...........................................53 Tabel 4-7 – Analisis Transaksi Untuk Admin .................................................................69 Tabel 4-8 – Analisis Transaksi untuk User ......................................................................73 Tabel 4-9 – Estimasi Kapasitas Jadwal_Bayar ................................................................74 Tabel 4-10 – Estimasi Kapasitas Menu............................................................................74 Tabel 4-11 – Estimasi Kapasitas Msgeneralparam ..........................................................75 Tabel 4-12 – Estimasi Kapasitas Msgroup ......................................................................75 Tabel 4-13 – Estimasi Kapasitas Mskaryawan ................................................................75 Tabel 4-14 – Estimasi Kapasitas Msuser .........................................................................75 Tabel 4-15 – Estimasi Kapasitas Pembayaran .................................................................76 Tabel 4-16 – Estimasi Kapasitas Peminjam.....................................................................76 Tabel 4-17 – Estimasi Kapasitas Pinjaman......................................................................76 Tabel 4-18 – Estimasi Kapasitas Simpanan_Pemerintah.................................................77 Tabel 4-19 – Estimasi Kapasitas Disk Space Dalam Setahun .........................................77 Tabel 4-20 – Spesifikasi Hardware ................................................................................101 Tabel 4-21 – Spesifikasi Software .................................................................................101 xix

Tabel 4-22 – Jadwal Implementasi Aplikasi.................................................................102

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Coding Create Table ....................................................................................................... L1 Hasil Wawancara ............................................................................................................ L2 Surat Pernyataan Kegiatan Implementasi ....................................................................... L3

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