DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
Dahlan, Sofwan. Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik. Pedoman Bagi Dokter dan Penegak Hukum. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. 2007. h. 47- 65.
2.
Ilmu
Kedokteran
Forensik,
Bagian
Kedokteran
Forensik
Fakulatas
Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Thanatologi. Jakarta: Bagian Kedokteran Forensik Fakulatas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. 1997. h. 25-35. 3.
Janquiera L.C, Carneira J, Kelley R.O. Sistem Pernapasan. In: Basic Histology. Ed 8. Trans. Susiarto K, Alex S (editors). Jakarta: EGC. 1997. p. 342-344.
4.
Lee R, Rossman C, O’brodovich H. Assessment of post-mortem respiratory ciliary motility and ultrastructure. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987. 136:445–7.
5.
Moore, Keith L. and Arthur F. Dalley. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Ed 4.Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 1999. p. 288-295
6.
Gartner, Leslie P. James L, Hiatt. Color Atlas of Histology. Ed 3. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2000. p. 119-125
7.
Campbell, N.A. Biologi. California: The Benjamin Commings Publishing Company. 1993.[cited 2012 Des 08]
8.
Lange K. Role of microvillar cell surfaces in the regulation of glucose uptake and organtization of energy metabolism. Am J physical cell physiol. 2002; 282.[cited 2012 Des 08]
9.
Vereb G, Szollosi J, Matko J, et al. Dynamic, yet structured: The Cell Membrane Three Decades After The Singer-Nicolom Model. Proc natl acad sci USA. 2003; 100: 8053.
10. Schwa A. Function and spatial distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration. Am J physical renal physiol. 2001; 280: f739. 11. Wolfe, S.L. Molecular and Cellular Biology. California: Wadsworth Publishing Company Melmont. 1993. p. 157-162
44
45
12. Yasa FY. Perbedaan Waktu Transportasi Mukosiliar Hidung Pada Penderita
Rhinosinusitis Maksila Kronis Dengan Cavum Nasi Normal. Departemen Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Kepa Leher Fakultas Kedokteran USU.
[internet].
2008
[cited
2013
Jan
14].
Available
from:
http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/6434/1/Yanti%20Fitri%20Ya sa.pdf. 13. Regar E, Keiko F, Yasmin AF. Diskusi Topik Bahaya. Modul Praktik Klinik
Pulmonologi. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia [internet]. No date [cited
2012
Des
27].
Available
from:
http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/86529852/417119299/name/Diskusi+Topik+B ahaya+Rokok.docx. 14. Anonim. Universitas Sumatera Utara [internet]. No date [cited 2013 Jan 14]. Available
from:
http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/25985/4/Chapter%20I1.pdf. 15. Meisnez CCF, Cosson J, Huitorel P, Blaive B. Temperature effect on the ciliary beat frequency of human nasal and tracheal ciliated cells. Biol cell. 1993; 4: 1-4. 16. Howard C, Adelman M. Establishing The Time of Death in : Forensic Medicine. New York : Infobase Publishing. 2007. p. 20-26. 17. Morgan C, Nokes LDM, et al. Postmortem Changes and Determination of The Time of Death. Forensic Science International. 1988. 39 (1): p. 89-95. 18. Gelardi M, Atlas of nasal cytology for the differential diagnosis of nasal diseases. Centro Scientifico Editore. 2007. Torino 21–26 P. 16–17 19. Gore CJ, Clark SA, Saunders PU. Nonhematological Mechanisms of Improved Sea-Level Performance After Hypoxic Exposure.2007.p.256-271 20. Kenneth B, Alistair S. Altitude Oxygen Calculator Apex (Altitude Physiology Expeditions). 2006. p.116-25. 21. West, John B. Oxygen Enrichment of Room Air to Relieve the Hypoxia of High Altitude.1996. p.225-32.
46
LAMPIRAN 1 Ethical Clearance
47
LAMPIRAN 2 Surat Lembaga Pemotongan Hewan
48
LAMPIRAN 3 Hasil Penelitian
Hewan coba Perlakuan
6 Jam
ke 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
12
18
24
Jam
Jam
Jam
Suhu kamar
23.34
22.11
10.15
0
Suhu dingin
30.30
20.54
15.35
0
Suhu kamar
26.32
22.18
17.54
0
Suhu dingin
28.22
20.22
11.34
0
Suhu kamar
25.48
20.26
0
0
Suhu dingin
29.15
17.11
0
0
Suhu kamar
27.42
24.11
0
0
Suhu dingin
20.22
16.10
0
0
Suhu kamar
24.42
20.15
11.10
0
Suhu dingin
27.57
17.15
10.09
0
Suhu kamar
28.44
20.33
16.17
0
Suhu dingin
25.41
19.31
12.31
0
Suhu kamar
26.17
20.12
11.21
0
Suhu dingin
43.21
32.19
15.41
0
Suhu kamar
24.09
19.15
13.57
0
Suhu dingin
30.29
25.16
0
0
Suhu kamar
27.18
25.12
16.11
0
Suhu dingin
32.15
21.11
11.05
0
Suhu kamar
22.07
19.31
10.08
0
Suhu dingin
29.02
20.37
09.17
0
49
11 12 13 14 15 16
Suhu kamar
25.14
21.19
0
0
Suhu dingin
24.12
12.48
0
0
Suhu kamar
24.37
18.15
0
0
Suhu dingin
32.45
17.18
0
0
Suhu kamar
29.57
22.41
18.44
0
Suhu dingin
28.32
20.17
15.16
0
Suhu kamar
26.14
21.32
19.45
0
Suhu dingin
29.21
23.17
15.11
0
Suhu kamar
25.41
22.31
11.34
0
Suhu dingin
33.44
20.50
16.40
0
Suhu kamar
28.23
18.33
9.42
0
Suhu dingin
29.20
21.27
12.51
0
50
LAMPIRAN 4 Hasil Pengolahan data SPSS Uji normaltias suhu kamar Explore Descriptives
a
Statistic enamjam
Mean
29.5175
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
26.9087
Mean
32.1263
Upper Bound
5% Trimmed Mean
29.2733
Median
29.1750
Variance
4.89589
Minimum
20.22
Maximum
43.21
Range
22.99
Interquartile Range
1.058
.564
Kurtosis
3.945
1.091
Mean
20.2519
1.08881
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
17.9311
Mean
22.5726
Upper Bound
5% Trimmed Mean
20.0204
Median
20.2950 18.968
Std. Deviation
4.35523
Minimum
12.48
Maximum
32.19
Range
19.71
Interquartile Range
3.95
Skewness
Variance
delapanbelasjam_trans
1.22397
23.970
Std. Deviation
duabelasjam
Std. Error
4.07
Skewness
1.120
.564
Kurtosis
3.267
1.091
Mean
.7625
.13389
51
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound Mean
.4771
Upper Bound
1.0479
5% Trimmed Mean
.7798
Median
1.0490
Variance
.287
Std. Deviation
.53557
Minimum
.00
Maximum
1.21
Range
1.21
Interquartile Range
1.18
Skewness Kurtosis
-.835
.564
-1.407
1.091
a. duapuluhempatjam is constant. It has been omitted.
Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov Statistic
df
b
a
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
enamjam
.187
16
.140
.888
16
.051
duabelasjam
.220
16
.037
.898
16
.076
delapanbelasjam_trans
.333
16
.000
.690
16
.000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction b. duapuluhempatjam is constant. It has been omitted.
52
Uji normalitas suhu dingin Explore
Descriptives
a
Statistic enamjam
Mean
25.8619
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
24.7997
Mean
26.9241
Upper Bound
5% Trimmed Mean
25.8665
Median
25.8100
Variance
1.99342
Minimum
22.07
Maximum
29.57
Range
7.50
Interquartile Range
2.98
Skewness
.045
.564
-.300
1.091
Mean
21.0344
.48784
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
19.9946
Mean
22.0742
Kurtosis
Upper Bound
5% Trimmed Mean
20.9676
Median
20.7600
Variance
3.808
Std. Deviation
delapanbelasjam_trans
1.95138
Minimum
18.15
Maximum
25.12
Range
6.97
Interquartile Range
2.77
Skewness
.481
.564
Kurtosis
-.112
1.091
Mean
.8526
.12944
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
.5767
Mean
.49835
3.974
Std. Deviation
duabelasjam
Std. Error
53
Upper Bound
1.1285
5% Trimmed Mean
.8757
Median
1.0475
Variance
.268
Std. Deviation
.51777
Minimum
.00
Maximum
1.29
Range
1.29
Interquartile Range
.97
Skewness Kurtosis
-1.143
.564
-.573
1.091
a. duapuluhempatjam is constant. It has been omitted.
Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov Statistic
df
b
a
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
enamjam
.097
16
.200
*
.990
16
.999
duabelasjam
.141
16
.200
*
.960
16
.662
delapanbelasjam_trans
.343
16
.000
.701
16
.000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance. b. duapuluhempatjam is constant. It has been omitted.
54
NPar Tests Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test 1. 6 jam suhu kamar dan 6 jam suhu dingin Ranks N
Mean Rank
Sum of Ranks
enamjamsuhudingin
- Negative Ranks
12
a
9.42
113.00
enamjamsuhukamar
Positive Ranks
4
b
5.75
23.00
c
Ties
0
Total
16
a. enamjamsuhudingin < enamjamsuhukamar b. enamjamsuhudingin > enamjamsuhukamar c. enamjamsuhudingin = enamjamsuhukamar
Test Statistics
b
enamjamsuhudin gin enamjamsuhuka mar Z
-2.327
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
a
.020
a. Based on positive ranks. b. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
2. 12 jam suhu kamar dan 12 jam suhu dingin
Ranks N duabelasjamsuhudingin duabelasjamsuhukamar
- Negative Ranks Positive Ranks
Mean Rank
Sum of Ranks
5
a
9.40
47.00
11
b
8.09
89.00
55
c
Ties
0
Total
16
a. duabelasjamsuhudingin < duabelasjamsuhukamar b. duabelasjamsuhudingin > duabelasjamsuhukamar c. duabelasjamsuhudingin = duabelasjamsuhukamar
Test Statistics
b
duabelasjamsuh udingin duabelasjamsuh ukamar Z
-1.086
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
a
.278
a. Based on negative ranks. b. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
3. 18 jam suhu kamar dan 12 jam suhu dingin Ranks N
Mean Rank
Sum of Ranks
delapanbelasjamsuhudingin - Negative Ranks
3
a
7.33
22.00
delapanbelasjamsuhukamar Positive Ranks
8
b
5.50
44.00
c
Ties
5
Total
16
a. delapanbelasjamsuhudingin < delapanbelasjamsuhukamar b. delapanbelasjamsuhudingin > delapanbelasjamsuhukamar c. delapanbelasjamsuhudingin = delapanbelasjamsuhukamar
56
Test Statistics
b
delapanbelasjam suhudingin delapanbelasjam suhukamar Z
-.978
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
a
.328
a. Based on negative ranks. b. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
4. 24 jam suhu kamar dan 24 jam suhu dingin Ranks N duapuluhempatjamsuhudingi Negative Ranks n
- Positive Ranks
duapuluhempatjamsuhukam
Ties
ar
Mean Rank 0
a
.00
.00
0
b
.00
.00
16
Total
c
16
a. duapuluhempatjamsuhudingin < duapuluhempatjamsuhukamar b. duapuluhempatjamsuhudingin > duapuluhempatjamsuhukamar c. duapuluhempatjamsuhudingin = duapuluhempatjamsuhukamar
Test Statistics
b
duapuluhempatj amsuhudingin duapuluhempatj amsuhukamar a
Z
.000
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
1.000
a. The sum of negative ranks equals the sum of positive ranks. b. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
Sum of Ranks
57
LAMPIRAN 5 Dokumentasi Penelitian
Keterangan : Pemotongan hewan yang dilakukan pada tempat pemotongan hewan. Pemisahan kepala dari badan hewan coba dilakukan oleh pekerja ditempat pemotongan hewan
Keterangan : Proses pembagian bronkus simetris kanan dan kiri
58
C
B A
Keterangan : A= Mikroskop cahaya Olympus seri CX21FS1 B = Laptop C = Video camera eye piece
B D
G
A C E
H c
F
59
Keterangan : A = Spuit yang berisi NaCL 0,9% B = Deck glass C = Gunting D = Object glass E = Pinset bedah F = Pisau scalpel G = Tissue H = Scrapper
60
LAMPIRAN 6 Identitas Peneliti
Identitas Nama
: Kiel Pino Putra
NIM
: G2A009138
Tempat dan Tanggal Lahir
: Semarang, 22 Februari 1992
Jenis Kelamin
: Laki-Laki
Alamat
: Arya Mukti Timur 270
Nomor HP
: 085640227070
e-mail
:
[email protected]
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal 1.SD
: SD Gayamsari 02-05, Lulus tahun 2003
2.SMP
: SMP Negeri 3, Lulus tahun 2006
3.SMA
: SMA Negeri 1, Lulus tahun 2009
4.FK UNDIP
: Masuk tahun 2009
