Wijzigingsvoorstel op Aquo-Lex HarmoniQua glossary

Wijzigingsvoorstel op Aquo-Lex HarmoniQua glossary

Indiener

OpenMI

Datum

1-11-2006

Versie

1.0

Kenmerk

0608-0045

RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Documentbeheer Wijzigingshistorie Datum

Auteur

Versie

1-11-2006

H-J. Lekkerkerk

1.0

Wijziging

Reviewers Naam

Functie

Distributie Exemplaar

Naam

Locatie

1 2 3

Documenten / Bronnen Bronnen: 1. Richtlijn voor het opstellen van een wijzigingsvoorstel op AquoLex, IDsW, maart 2006 2. AquoLex versie juni 2006, IDsW, juni 2006 3. HarmoniQua glossary, OpenMI

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Inhoudsopgave DOCUMENTBEHEER

2

MOTIVATIE

4

AANLEIDING BUSINESS CASE

4 4

WIJZIGINGSVOORSTEL

5

VERTAALDE BEGRIPPEN BEGRIPPEN ZONDER VERTALING POTENTIELE WIJZIGINGEN

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Motivatie Aanleiding Dit wijzigingsvoorstel is geen voorstel in de reguliere zin. Achterliggende reden is dat OpenMI als nieuwe standaard in Aquo wordt ingebracht. Ten gevolge hiervan wordt ook de HarmoniQua glossary meegeleverd. Deze begrippenlijst is in het Engels opgesteld en dient voor een duidelijke begripsvorming in de hydrologische modellenwereld. Hoewel HarmoniQua / OpenMI als zodanig een nieuwe standaard is, heeft de begrippenlijst wel degelijk impact op een onderdeel van Aquo, namelijk AquoLex. Hierin zijn in juni 2006 de begrippen uit de hydrologische begrippenlijst overgenomen waardoor overlap ontstaat tussen beide lijsten. Dit voorstel is dan ook nog niet direct een voorstel tot inpassing in AquoLex, aangezien dit lastig is met engelstalige termen. Dit voorstel is eerder een verzoek aan de waterbeheerders uit het hydrologische domein om kritisch te kijken naar de vertaling van begrippen naar het Nederlands en de eerste inpassing daarvan in AquoLex.

Business Case Voordelen nieuwe definities Toegepast in een Europees project en daarmee ook Europa breed afgestemd. Daarnaast een toevoeging van een groot aantal termen die nog niet in AquoLex voorkomen. Afbakening De lijst beperkt zich tot het HarmoniQua project Impact Bij acceptatie van de huidige lijst groot, aangezien er veel overlap (ca 300 begrippen) is met de huidige hydrologische begrippen.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Wijzigingsvoorstel Vertaalde begrippen Naam Engels Abiotic Absorption Accuracy Activity Actual evapotranspiration Acute toxicity Adaptation Adsorption Advection Aerobic bacteria Agricultural pollution Agrochemicals Air Chamber

Alarm level Algae Algal bloom Algorithm Alkalic waste water Alkalinity Alkyl mercury Alluvium

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Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip Abiotisch

Description Pertaining to the non-biological (e.g. physical and chemical) factors which affect ecosystems and populations or characterized by the absence of life or living organisms. Absorptie Assimilation of molecules or other substances into the physical structure of a liquid or solid without chemical reaction. An example is the absorption of water into soil. Nauwkeurigheid Closeness of computations, estimates or measurements to the exact or true values. Activiteit Each task in HarmoniQuA is decomposed into a number of activites comprising descriptions of things to be done within the specific tasks. actuele evapotranspiratie The combination of evaporation from soils and water surface, and transpiration from vegetation. By definition actual evapotranspiration is less than or equal to the current potential evapotranspiration. Actual evapotranspiration varies with soil properties, soil moisture and vegetation Acute toxiciteit Severe biological harm and, often, mortality of organisms that have been affected by the properties of a substance, such as contaminated sediment. The acute toxicity is determined by quantifying the mortality of appropriate sensitive organisms that are ex aanpassing A genetically determined characteristic that enhances an organism's ability to cope with its environment. Adsorptie Adhesion of an extremely thin layer of molecules (as of gas, solids or liquids) to the surface of solid or liquids with which they are in contact. Advectie The process by which the solutes are transported by motion of the flowing groundwater Aerobe bacterien Aerobic bacteria refer to the bacteria that oxidize substrate (feed) by oxygen respiration and live on the energy generated in the process. Aerobic bacteria are the opposite of anaerobic bacteria, which need no oxygen gas. Aerobic bacteria play an import landbouw gerelateerde The liquid and solid wastes from farming, including runoff from pesticides, fertilizers and feed-lots; erosion and dust from vervuiling ploughing; animal manure, crop residues and debris. landbouw chemicalieen All chemicals used in agriculture (pesticides, herbicides, etc.). Luchtkamer Air Chambers contain compressed air which prevent very low minimum pressures in the pipeline and hence column separation. They are frequently used behind the pumps in water supply pipelines. Mostly they are cylindrical with a vertical and/or horizontal axis. A horizontal cylinder may be preferred for a very long pipeline when a large volume of air is required alarmeringspeil Water level (stage) at, or approaching, flood level which is considered to be dangerous and at which warnings should be commenced. Algen One-celled or many-celled plants that have no root, stem or leaf systems. Simple plants. See Phytoplankton. Algenbloei A sudden growth of algae in an aquatic ecosystem, a characteristic symptom of eutrophication. It can occur naturally in spring or early summer when primary production exceeds consumption by aquatic herbivores. Algal blooms may also be induced by nutrient Algoritme A precise rule (or set of rules) for solving a problem. alkalisch afvalwater Alkalic waste water refers to waste liquids discharged from factories, etc., that contain high-concentration of caustic alkali or calcium hydroxide. Alkalic waste water is either collected for reuse or disposed of; the latter case requires neutralization alkaliteit The measurable ability of solutions or aqueous suspensions to neutralize an acid. alkylkwik Alkyl mercury is organic mercury which is the alleged cause of Minamata Disease. Symptoms of alkyl mercury poisoning include central nervous disorders, such as perceptive, hearing and speech disorders, paralyzed limbs, and even death. Alkyl mercury could aanspoeling Sediments (clays, silts, sands, gravels and other materials) deposited by flowing water. Deposits can be made by streams

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Ambient Ammonia nitrogen

NH4-N

Amortization Anaerobic (respiration) Anaerobic bacteria Analysis, dimensional Analytical model Ancillary Data Anisotropy Annual Rainfall Time Series Anoxic Antecedent precipitation index Anthropogenic Aphotic Applied hydro-ecology Aquiclude Aquifer Aquifer, confined Aquifer, perched Aquifer, unconfined Aquitard Areal precipitation Artesian bores Artesian conditions Asbestos

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Begrip

Description on river beds, floodplains and alluvial fans. omgeving Usual or surrounding conditions of temperatures, humidity, etc. ammoniak stikstof Nitrogen is an essential element contained in protein that constitutes plants and animals. Ammonia nitrogen, the first nitrogen of inorganic form generated from the decomposition of plants and animals (organic matter), serves as an effective index of wate Afschrijving Procedure of a firm or company setting aside funds to replace capital equipment when it becomes obsolete. anaerobe ademhaling Oxidation occurring in the absence of free or dissolved oxygen often facilitated by specific bacterial strains, e.g. methane producing bacteria present during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Protozoans may carry on respiration this way, as well. Anaerobe bacterieen Anaerobic bacteria refer to the bacteria that grow without dissolved oxygen. The decomposition of organic substances by anaerobic bacteria produces hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, methane and low molecular fatty acid. The process of digestion by anaerobic bac dimensionele analylse Drawing conclusions by considering the dimensions of the various terms in the equation describing a physical process. Analytisch model A models that can be solved mathematically in closed form. For example, some model algorithms that are based on relatively simple differential equations can be solved analytically to provide a single solution. bijkomende gegevens Data on ancillary structures, such as combined sewer overflows, bifurcations, tanks, control structures and pumping stations, can profoundly affect the results of a sewer model. Anisotroop The condition under which one or more hydraulic properties at any point within the groundwater flow system vary with the direction of measurement. jaarlijkse neerslag tijdreeks This is a series of storms extracted from a rainfall record which represent a typical years rainfall. Anoxisch Deficient in or lacking oxygen. index van voorafgaande Weighted summation of past daily precipitation amounts, used as an index of soil moisture. The weight given to each neerslag day's precipitation is usually assumed to be an exponential or reciprocal function of time, with the most recent precipitation receiving the greatest weight. antropogeen Refers to the influence of human activities on natural systems. afotisch Without light. toegepaste hydro-ecologie The linkage of knowledge from hydrological, hydraulic, geomorphological and biological/ecological sciences to predict the response of freshwater biota and ecosystems to variation of abiotic factors over a range of spatial and temporal scales. acquiclude A saturated geological unit that is incapable of transmitting significant quantities of water under ordinary hydraulic gradients. aquifer A saturated permeable geological unit that can transmit significant quantities of water under ordinary hydraulic gradients. afgesloten aquifer An aquifer that is overlain by a low permeability layer. zwevende watervoerende A saturated lense that is bounded (overlain and underlain) by unsaturated conditions. This is a special type of an laag unconfined aquifer. aquifer met freatisch water An aquifer that contains the water table and is normally exposed to the groundsurface. There may be a low permeability layer overlying the aquifer protecting it from the surface. aquitard A relatively low-permeable layer or bed in a stratigraphic sequence. These layers may be permeable enough to transmit water in quantities that are significant in the study of regional groundwater flow, but their permeability is not sufficient to allow the neerslag per oppervlakte Precipitation in a specific area expressed as the average depth of liquid water over this area. artesische boring Bores having a static water level (head) above the top of the aquifer being tapped. If the head is above the ground surface, the bore is free flowing, unless capped. Artesische Conditions where the hydraulic head in a confined aquifer rises above the top of the aquifer. omstandigheden Asbest A mineral fibre that can pollute air or water and cause cancer or asbestosis when inhaled. Its use has been banned or severely restricted by many countries.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Assimilation Assimilative capacity auditor

Afkorting Synoniem

reviewer

Begrip Assimilatie vermogen tot assimilatie auditor

Background level

Achtergrondwaarde

Backwater Backwater curve

gestuwd water stuwkromme

Balance

Balans

Bank Barrage

oever stuw

Barrier

opwas

Base width (of a flood hydrograph) Baseflow

basisbreedte (van een hoogwater hydrograaf) basisafvoer

Baseflow Baseflow index Baseline study

basisafvoer basisafvoer index baseline onderzoek

Basin

basin response Basin, retarding Benchmark Bend Benefit-Cost ratio Benthic

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watershed; stroomgebied catchment; Hydrological Basin; Drainage basin catchment stroomgebied reactie response opslag basin hoogtemerk bocht baten-kosten ratio Benthisch

Description The ability of a body of water to purify itself of pollutants. The capacity of a natural body of water to receive (i) waste-waters, without harmful effects; (ii) toxic materials, without damage to aquatic life or humans who consume the water; (iii) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), within prescribed dissolved oxygen li A person that is conducting some kind of review of a modelling study. The review may be more or less comprehensive depending on the requirements of the particular case. The auditor is typically appointed by the water manager to support the water manager to match the modelling capability of the modeller. The auditor may belong to the water manager's organisation or to an independent organisation. The task of the auditor should be distinguished from internal reviews which the modeller's organisation often carry out as part of its internal quality assurance procedure. The reviews performed by the auditor are done over and above any internal reviews that the modeller may carry out. The level of pollutants present in ambient air, water, soil or any other medium from natural sources. Also called Background concentration. Water backed up or retarded in its course as compared with its steady state, normal or natural conditions. Longitudinal profile of the water surface in a stream where the water surface is raised above its normal level by a natural or artificial obstruction. Comparing of masses of a specific substance or liquid, involved in the supply and drainage and changes in storage over a certain period and within a certain area. Rising land bordering a river, lake or sea. Barrier provided with a series of gates or other control mechanisms, across a stream to control the water-surface level upstream, to regulate the flowor to divert water supplies into a canal. (see also barrier;dam; weir) Obstruction to the flow of surface water. (see also barrage; weir; dam) Time interval between the beginning and the end of the direct runoff produced by a storm. Part of the discharge which enters a stream channel mainly from groundwater, but also from lakes and glaciers during long periods when no precipitation or snowmelt occurs. Complementary to quickflow. That portion of stream discharge derived from groundwater seepage into the stream. Numerical index quantifying the proportion of total flow that can be considered as baseflow. An inventory of a natural community or environment to provide a measure of its condition at a moment in time - often done to describe the status of diversity and environmental condition against which future change can be gauged (usually development drive) An area of land, bounded by a divide, in which water flowing across the surface will drain into a stream or river and flow out of the area through a specified point on that stream or river Synonomous terms are catchment and watershed. Generally a basin is defined at a regional scale whereas a catchment or a watershed can be of smaller area. The term catchment is mostly used in Europe, while watershed is a preferred term in USA. Manner in which a basin reacts to a meteorological event or sequence of events. Basin which reduces peak flood flows of a stream through temporary storage. (see also flood-control reservoir) Relatively permanent mark, natural or artificial, having a point at a known elevation in relation to an adopted datum. Change in the direction of a stream. Is the ratio of the present value of all benefits to the present value of all costs. Of, pertaining to, or living on or in the bottom of the water body; upon or attached to the bottom.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Bias

Afkorting Synoniem

Bifurcation Bio available Biochemical Oxygen Demand

BOD

Biocide Biodegradable Bioenergetic Models Biota Biota domain

Ecological domain

Biotic Bore (well) Boundary conditions Brackish (water) Brook Cableway Calibration, Initial Conditions Calibration, Steady State Calibration, Transient or Dynamic Canal Capacity Capacity Capacity, in-bank Capital expenditures Cauchy condition

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Boundary condition Third Type

Begrip systematische fout

Description Systematic deviation between a measured (i.e., observed) or computed value and its “true” value. Bias is affected by faulty instrument calibration and other measurement errors, systematic errors during data collection, and sampling errors such as incomplete spatial randomization during the design of sampling programs splitsing Division of a stream into two branches. (see also fork) bio beschikbaar Generally refers to pollutants or contaminants which can be taken up by organisms, i.e., from water, sediment, suspended particles, food. Biologisch zuurstofverbruik The amount of dissolved oxygen required during the aerobic decomposition of organic matter in a body of water. Or, a measure of the quantity of oxygen used in the biochemical oxidation of carbonaceous and nitrogenous compounds in a specified time, at a sp verdelgingsmiddel A chemical preparation used for the control or eradication of a pest or a plant, including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and rodenticides. Biologisch afbreekbaar An organic material's capacity for decomposition as a result of attack by microorganisms. Sewage-treatment processes are based on this property. Biodegradable materials do not persist in nature. bio energetische modellen A type of biological process model where optimal location and behaviour of an organism is based on energy budgets. biota All of the organisms, including animals, plants, fungi, and micro-organisms, found in a given area. Biotisch domein The biota (ecological) modelling domain comprises water quality processes in all surface water elements such as: - River systems including flood plain, lakes and reservoirs - Estuaries and coastal waters The biota (ecological) domain in HarmoniQuA corresponds to the ecological aspects in 'river' 'lake' 'transitional water' and 'coastal water' as these terms are defined in the Water Framework Directive. Biotisch Pertaining to any aspect of life, especially to characteristics of entire populations or ecosystems. geboorde bron A structure drilled or dug below the surface to obtain water from an aquifer system. randvoorwaarden Conditions put to the (spatial) boundaries of a model in order to make the solution of a differential equation unambiguous. Brak (water) Brackish refers to an area of low salinity where fresh water and sea water are mixed near the estuary of a river flowing into the sea. In addition, tidal flats and lagoons of low salinity are also considered brackish areas. beek Small, shallow stream usually in continuous flow in somewhat turbulent manner. (see also creek) kabelbaan Cable stretched above and across a stream, from which a current meter is suspended and moved from one bank to the other at predetermined depths below the water surface. aanvangs condities ijking The initial hydrologic conditions for a flow system that are represented by its aquifer head distribution at some particular time corresponding to the antecedent hydrologic conditions in that system. Initial conditions provide a starting point for transie rust toestand ijking The calibraton of a model to a set of hydrologic conditions that represent (approximately) an equilibrium condition that does not account for changes in storage. overgang of dynamische The calibration of a model to hydrologic conditions that vary dynamically with time, including changes in aquifer storage. ijking Kanaal Artificial open channel. Capaciteit Volume that can be contained by a reservoirs Capaciteit rate of flow that can be carried by any conveying structure. capaciteit tussen de Discharge conveyed in the water course without overtopping the bank. oevers kapitale uitgaven Expenditures where the good, such as a water project, purchased has an expected life of more than one year (capital good). voorwaarde van Cauchy A boundary condition for a groundwater model where the relationship between the head and the flow at a boundary is specified, and the model computes the groundwater flux for the head conditions applied. Also known as a HeadDependent, mixed or Third Type

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Channel Channel Channel detention Channel flow Channel storage Channel, by-pass Channel, stable Channel, unstable Chemical Oxygen Demand Chezy formula

Afkorting Synoniem Boundary: Head Dependent Flow

Begrip

kanaal

natural, or artificial, clearly distinguished, waterway which periodically or continuously contains moving water, or which forms a connecting link between two bodies of water. Vaargeul Deepest portion of a river bed, in which the main current flows kanaalberging Volume of water which can be temporarily stored in channel during flood periods. (see also channel storage) kanaalafvoer Flow of water in a natural or artificial channel (watercourse) with a free surface. kanaalberging Volume of water stored in a channel. (see also channel detention) omleidingskanaal Channel built to divert flood flows from a point upstream of a protected region to a point downstream. stabiel kanaal Channel in which accretion balances scour on the average. instabiel kanaal Channel in which stage-discharge relations change in the course of time. COC; COD Chemical Chemisch zuurstofverbruik The amount of oxygen required to oxidize organic chemical compounds and oxidizable inorganic compounds in a body of water. COD, an indicator of water contamination, is the amount of oxygen consumed (mg/l) by potassium permanganate Oxygen Consumption or other oxidation agen Chezy formule Formula relating the mean velocity V of a stream to its hydraulics radius R, energy slope S and the cannel roughness expressed by the Chezy coefficient C:

Chloride hydrocarbons

Gechloreerde koolwaterstoffen

Chloride ion

chloor ion

Chlorinity

Chloriniteit

Chlorophyll

Chlorofyl

Coastal waters

Kustwateren

code Verification Coefficient of roughness

Coefficient, contraction Coefficient, contraction Coliform bacteria

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Description

Verification

code verificatie ruwheids coefficient

(see also coefficient of roughness) A class of persistent, broad-spectrum insecticides, notably DDT, that lingers in the environment and accumulates in food chain. Other examples are aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, chlordane, lindane, endrin, mirex, benzene, hexachloride, and toxaphene. Chloride ion refers to ionized chloride (Cl-), which forms ionized compounds with various metals. Chloride ion is also found in natural water, measuring several ppm in river water and 1.9% in sea water. (Cl, ?) The measure of chloride content of sea water by mass. Expressed in grams per kilogram or parts per thousand (ppt). A group of green pigments that makes it possible for plants to carry on photosynthesis. Chlorophyll?a is an indicator for algae/phytoplankton. As a management definition, territorial or interior waters that contain a measurable quantity or percentage of see-water (e.g., more than 0,5 parts per thousand). Substantiation that a model code is in some sense a true representation of a conceptual model within certain specified limits or ranges of application and corresponding ranges of accuracy. Coefficient expressing the influence of roughness of channel on the mean velocity in a stream cross section. Most commonly used coefficient of roughness are related to coefficient C in the Chezy formula through the following expressions, where R is the hydraulic radius, n is Manning`s coefficient (metric system):

(see also Chezy formula) samentrekkings coefficient in hydrometry, the ratio of the normal wetted cross-sectional area of the vena contracta to the nominal cross-sectional area of the orifice or weir opening. samentrekkings coefficient Ratio between the decreased length, area of section, or volume and the original length area of section, or volume Coliform bacterie Coliform bacteria are present in the intestines of humans and animals in large numbers and also widely found in the outside environment contaminated by excreta (e.g.: Ecoli). Bacteria tests are considered to examine the presence of bacteria in foodstuffs

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Coliform count Colloid Colour Comparison to other models Compensation depth, CaCO3 Compensation depth, O2 Complete mixing in a tank

Afkorting Synoniem Coliform index

Begrip coliform telling colloïde Kleur

Model Vergelijking met andere Comparison modellen CaCO3 compensatie diepte O2 compensatie diepte

Conceptual Model

volledige menging in een tank Conceptueel model

Confining layer

afgesloten laag

Conjunctive use Constant

Gecombineerd gebruik Constante

Consumer surplus

consumenten overschot

Contaminant

vervuilende stof

Contamination

vervuiling

Continuity equation Continuous model Control sections Control valve

continuiteitsvergelijking continu model meetpunt afsluitmiddel

Cost-Effectiveness

Kosten effectiviteit

Cost-recovery Costs of water services

kostendekkende exploitatie kosten van watergebruik

Creek

beek

Crest

kruin

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Description Coliform count is used as a measure of water contamination, especially by human and animal excreta. There are several bacteria that have similar characteristics to those of coliforms. Since daily routine tests cannot distinguish between these bacteria and Refers to particles of a size smaller than clay size. Colloidal particles are usually on the order of 10-7 to 10-5 cm in size. Pure water is colourless, transparent and clear, but water acquires colour when it contains various dissolved substances. Colour is expressed as compared to a standard solution. The output of one model can be compared to that of another model. The depth at which the amount of CaCO3 produced by the organisms in the overlying water column is equal to the amount of CaCO3 the water column can dissolve. There will be no CaCO3 deposition below this depth. The depth at which the oxygen produced by photosynthesis is equal to the oxygen requirements of plant respiration. A plant population cannot be sustained below this depth which will be greater in the open ocean than near the shore due to the relatively de It is the simplest form of mixing behaviour to assume, requires no extra parameters to describe it, and seems to apply quite well to a large number of facilities that operate in fill-and-draw fashion. A description of reality in terms of verbal descriptions, equations, governing relationships or ‘natural laws’ that purport to describe reality. This is the user's perception of the key hydrological and ecological processes in the study area and the corresponding simplifications and numerical accuracy limits that are assumed acceptable in order to achieve the purpose of the modelling. A body of material of low hydraulic conductivity that is stratigraphically adjacent to one or more aquifers. It may lie above or below the aquifer. The combined use of surface water and groundwater storage to optimise avaliable water resources. A quantity with a fixed value (e.g. the speed of light or gravitational force) representing known physical, biological or ecological activities. The amount a household would pay for a good or service (e.g. water) minus the amount actually paid. This term is applied to measure the economic net benefit from using water. The consumer surplus can be derived from a demand function for water (inverse functional relationship). Any foreign substance present in another substance; e.g., in the case of water, a chemical or biological substance in a form that can be incorporated into, onto, or be ingested by and that harms aquatic organisms, consumers of aquatic organisms, or users Introduction of any undesirable foreign substance -- physical, chemical or biological -- into an ecosystem. Does not imply an effect (see pollution). Usually refers to the introduction of human-produced substances. Equation desribing the conservation of mass of flowing matter. A model that is run at each time step over a hydrological year. section of an open conduit or stream where the discharge is uniquely determined by the water level immediately above it. It regulates the flow by closing or opening. It may be located and act as in-line (inside a pipeline), in-line at the end (in front of a lower reservoir) or as free-discharge valves with an outflow into the atmosphere. Assessment criteria for strategies to reach an objective by minimising the cost or to maximise the benefits by using a limited budget. The extent to which the costs of water services are covered by the payments of the water users. Appropriate water prices have to ensure at least a full cost-recovery. Includes the costs of providing different water services, such as water abstraction and delivery, wastewater treatment and disposal, and flood control. They consist of capital cost, and operating and maintenance costs. Natural stream of water, normally smaller than, and often tributary to, a river. (see also brook) Top of a dam, levee, spillway or weir to which water must rise before passing over the structure or peak stage of the flood wave (see also Flood crest).

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Crest gauge Critical depth Critical discharge Critical flow

Afkorting Synoniem Crest gage

Critical velocity Critical velocity Cross section (of a stream) Crossover Culvert Cumulative precipitation gauge Current Current meter Cut-off

Cutoff

Cyanide Dam Darcy's law Data Assimilation

Updating

Data bank Data processing Data Uncertainty

Database

Data, historical Datum level Decomposers Degradable Degree-day Demand Demand management Demand Pattern Density

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Parameter Uncertainty

Begrip topstand meter Kritische diepte Kritische afvoer Kritische stroming

Description Device used to record the highest water stage. Depth of water flowing in an open channel under conditions of critical flow. Discharge that maintains critical flow on a given channel section for a fixed depth of flow. Flow conditions at which the discharge is a maximum for a given specific energy, or at which the specific energy is minimum for a given discharge. kritische snelheid Velocity at critical flow in a channel kritische snelheid velocity at which flow changes from laminar to turbulent, or inversely. dwarsdoorsnede (van een Section of the stream at right angle to the main (average) direction of flow. stroom) overgang Relatively short and shallow length of a river between bends. duiker Closed conduit for the free passage of surface drainage water under a highway, railroad, canal or other structure. cumulatieve neerslagmeter Precipitation gauge used at stations, which are visited only at long-spaced time intervals. Stroom Flowing water (see also river; stream; watercourse) Stroommeter Instrument for measuring the velocity of water at a point by ascertaining the revolutions of buckets or propellers against which the current impinges. afsnijding Direct channel, either natural or artificial, connecting two points on a stream, thus shortening the length of the channel and increasing its slope. Cyanide Cyanides are compounds of metals with hydrocyanic acid. Highly toxic, cyanide ingested in a human body causes dyspnoea and death within several seconds; the lethal dose is estimated at 0.06 g. Cyanide is contained in waste water discharged from plating Dam Barrier constructed across a valley for impounding wateror creating a reservoirs. (see also barrage; weir; barrier) Wet van Darcy An empirical equation developed to compute the quantity of water flowing through an aquifer. Usually expressed as Q=KiA or Q=Tiw, where Q= flow, K= hydraulic conductivity, i=hydraulic gradient, A=aquifer cross-sectional area, T=transmissivity, and w=width gegevensassimilatie Approach in which observed data are integrated in a model simulation in a way that the information content of both data and model result are made explicit and weighted. Data assimilation is a feed back process where the model simulation is updated as a response to field observations. This is in certain domains denoted updating. Databank Comprehensive set of related data files for a specific application, usually on a direct access storage device. Data verwerking Handling of raw observational data until they are in a form ready to be used for a specific purpose. Data onzekerheid Uncertainty that is caused by measurement errors, analytical imprecision and limited sample sizes during collection and treatment of data. Historische data Hydrological and meteorological data of events which occurred in the past. verticaal referentievlak Horizontal surface used as a reference to which elevations are related. reducenten Primarily bacteria that break down nonliving organic material, extract some of the products of decomposition for their own needs, and make available the compounds needed for plants production. Bacteria that reduce dead matter to basic minerals. Afbreekbaar That can be reduced, broken down or chemically separated. graad-dag Algebraic difference, expressed in degrees C, between the mean temperature of a given day and a reference temperature. For a given period (months, years) algebraic sum of the degree-days of the different days of the period. vraag It allows to define the amount of baseline demand flow to be applied to the junction node vraagbeheersing Policies to change the quantity of water that users choose to consume. vraagpatroon It allows to define the ID of the demand pattern to be applied to the junction node demand values during an extended period simulation Dichtheid The total weight or mass of any substance or material, per unit of volume ? normally g/m3 or mg/l. Usually expressed as

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Depletion curve Depreciation Depression Storage

Begrip

Desalination Design

uitputtings curve Afschrijving berging in bodemoneffenheden Ontzilting Ontwerp

Design flood

ontwerp peil

Design storm Design, optimal

ontwerp storm optimaal ontwerp

Detailed Design Model Detergent

gedetailleerd ontwerp model reinigingsmiddel

Deterministic Model

deterministisch model

Detritus Dioxin

Detritus Dioxine

Direchlet condition

Boundary condition First Type Boundary: Constant Head

dirchlet voorwaarde

Direct runoff

snelle afvoer

Discharge Discharge area

Afvoer afvoergebied

Discharge, bankfull Discount rate

afvoer tussen de oevers discontopercentage

Discretisation

Discretisering

Disphotic zone

Schemerzone

Dissolved Oxygen Distributed model

01-11-06

DO

Opgeloste zuurstof gedistribueerd model

Description grams per cubic centimeter. E.g., for ocean water with a salinity of 35? at 0° C, the density is 1.028 g/cm3. Curve shoving a decreasing rate of runoff or discharge, caused by depletion. An accounting device to write down the economic value of a capital good, such as a water project. Rainfall retained in surface hollows which does not contribute to runoff. Removing salt from ocean or brackish water. A project that involves modelling studies for design purposes. A design study is typically preceded by a planning study, and typically puts higher requirements to model performance than the preceding planning study. Flood hydrograph or instantaneous peak discharge adopted for the design of a hydraulic structure or river control taking into account economic and hydrological factors. Rainfall amount and distribution adopted over a given drainage area, used in determining the design flood. System design based on the selection or combination of all pertinent variables so as to maximize some objective function (such as net benefits) with the requirements of the design criteria. This type of model is used for detailed investigations, scheme appraisals and for the detailed design of schemes. Detergent is mainly classified into soap, which has been in use since ancient times; and synthetic detergent, a product of modern chemical industry. Soap is made of higher fatty acid as its main ingredient, to which a builder is added to enhance cleansing A model is said to be deterministic if it does not contain any random component, and its response due to a given input therefore is uniquely determined. The opposite to a deterministic model is a stochastic model. Particles of plant matter in varying stages of decomposition. Common name for any of a family of compounds chemically known as tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxins. Concern about them arises from their potential toxicity and contaminants in commercial products. Tests on laboratory animals indicate that it is one of the mo A boundary condition for a groundwater model where the head is known and specified at the boundary of the flow field, and the model computes the associated groundwater flow. Also known as a Specified, Fixed, Constant Head or First Type boundary condition.

That part of surface runoff which reaches the catchment outlet shortly after the rain starts. Its volume is equal to rainfall excess. Some procedures for its derivation include prompt subsurface runoff but all exclude base flow. The volume of water flowing in a stream or aquifer past a specific point in a given period of time. An area where there are upward components of hydraulic head in the groundwater system resulting in the flow of water to springs, seeps or surface water bodies, or by evaporation and transpiration. Discharge corresponding to the bankfull stage. The interest rate used to discount future benefits and costs of water projects. The rate reflects a value judgment based on compromise between the present consumption and capital formation from the viewpoint of the decision maker (a firm or public agency). A low discount rate is favorable to the construction of public works projects, such as in the water sector. Spatial distribution of a model area in model specific calculational units or temporal distribution of a simulation period in temporal steps. The dimly lit zone corresponding approximately with the mesopelagic. Sometimes called the twilight zone. There is not enough light to carry on photosynthesis. Dissolved oxygen (DO) refers to the amount of oxygen dissolved in water. DO is essential for the self-purification process of water and aquatic organisms. Factors such as water temperature, air pressure and salt content affect DO. Highly contaminated wa Model using spatial distribution of catchment characteritics and inputs according to a predefined grid.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Diversion of water Domain

Afkorting Synoniem

Domain of Applicability (of Conceptual Model) Domain of Applicability (of Model Code) Domain of Applicability (of Model) Domestic waste water Double mass curve Downstream Drain Drainage Area Planning Model Drawdown Drawdown Drawdown Drizzle Drought Dry density Dupuit assumptions Duration curve Dynamic Equilibrium Dynamic model

Dynamic Wave Method Ecohydraulics Ecohydrology

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Nonstationary model; Transient model

Begrip omleiden van water Domein

Description Transfer of water from one water course to another, such water courses being either natural or artificial. In HarmoniQuA the description of the modelling process is decomposed into seven different domain: - groundwater (including solute transport and geochemistry) precipitation runoff (including non-point pollution) - hydrodynamics (flows in pipes, rivers, estuaries, coastal water and associated sediment transport and morphology) - flood forecasting - surface water quality - biota (ecology) - socio-economics toepassingsdomein (van Prescribed conditions in space, time and types of applications, for which the conceptual model has been tested, i.e. een conceptueel model) compared with reality to the extent possible and judged suitable for use (by model confirmation). toepassingsdomein (van Prescribed conditions in space, time and types of applications, for which the model code has been tested, i.e. compared de model code) with analytical solutions, other model codes or similar to the extent possible and judged suitable for use (by code verification). toepassingsdomein (van Prescribed conditions in space, time and types of applications, for which the site-specific model has been tested, i.e. het model) compared with reality to the extent possible and judged suitable for use (by model validation). Huishoudelijk afvalwater Domestic waste water is waste water from the kitchen, laundry, bathroom, lavatory and toilet. Domestic waste water excludes human waste. dubbele massa curve Plot of successive accumulated values of one variable against the contemporaneous accumulated values of another variable. stroomafwaarts In the direction of the current. drain Conduit or small channel by which water is removed, from a soil or an aquifer by gravity, in order to control the water level. bemalingsgebied This type of model is used to give an overview of a specific drainage area, which may be a discrete catchment in its own planningsmodel night or may be part of a larger catchment. grondwaterstandsverlaging The lowering of the water table in an unconfined aquifer/aquitard or the potentiometric surface in a confined aquifer/aquitard due to pumping of groundwater from wells. peilverlaging lowering of the water level in a reservoirs. peilverlaging Curving downward of the water surface near the edge of an overfall or weir motregen Very small water drops that precipitate at a rate usually less than 1 mm per hour. Droogte A period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently prolonged for the lack of water to cause a serious hydrologic impact (i.e., crop damage, water supply shortage, etc.) in the affected area. Droge dichtheid The total weight of solids only per unit of volume. (also see: density) aannames van Dupuit The following assumptions for flow in an unconfined aquifer: (a) the hydraulic gradient is equal to the slope of the water table, (b) streamlines are horizontal and (c) equipotential lines are vertical. duurlijn Graph representing the time during which the value of a given parameter (e.g. water level, discharge) is equaled or exceeded regardless of continuity in time. dynamisch evenwicht A condition in which the amount of recharge to a flow system equals the amount of natural discharge. Dynamisch model Model in which time is an independent variable.

dynamische golf methode A more complex method of calculating flow which allows surcharge and backwater and reverse flows to be considered. It can therefore cope with looped systems. ecohydraulica The relationship between the hydraulics of water bodies, e.g. rivers lakes, estuaries, coastal and marine, and their biota and ecology. Ecohydrologie The study of the fundamental interrelationships between hydrology and biota at the catchment scale.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Ecology Economic benefit

Afkorting Synoniem

Economic optimisation Economics of scale Ecosystem Effective Porosity Effective rainfall Effluent Emergency spillway Emission Emission factor Emission limit Emitter Empirical Model

Endothermic reaction Energy gradient Energy, specific Entropy Environment Environmental costs Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental indicator Environmental quality standard

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EIA

Begrip Ecologie economische winst

Description The branch of biology dealing with the relations of organisms to one another and to their environment. A monetary measure of welfare improvement from some change in quantity or quality of a good or service, such as water supply or watewater treatment. economische optimalisatie Includes least cost strategies, maximisation of cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit relationships. It addresses e.g. allocation of water among various users, reaching environmental standards, pricing of water services, assigning water abstraction and wastewater disposal rights. schaalvoordeel Lower average total cost at higher output levels. Ecosysteem The organisms of a particular habitat, such as a pond or forest, together with the physical environment in which they live; a dynamic complex of plant, animal, fungal, and micro-organism communities and their associated non-living environment interacting effectieve porositeit The amount of interconnected pore space throug which fluids can pass, expressed as a percent of bulk volume. Part of the total porosity will be occupied by static fluid being held to the mineral surface tension, so effective porosity will be less than tot effectieve regenval In agriculture: that portion of the rainfall which remains in the soil and contributes to the growth of crops. Effluent Waste material discharged into the environment (e.g. a stream, a lake or an estuary), treated or untreated. The outflow of a sewer, industry pipe, or other waste discharge. Generally, refers to water pollution. nood overlaat Auxiliary spillway used in the event of floods exceeding the capacity of the main spillway. Emissie Release of substances, usually from a point source. Emissie factor The relationship between the amount of pollution produced and the amount of raw material processed. emissie grens The same as Emission standard. The maximum amount of a pollutant that is permitted to be discharged from a single pollution source. emitter An element of the network. The device associated with junctions that model the flow through a nozzle or orifice Empirically- Empirisch model A model where the structure is derived, not from from knowledge on the physical, biological or ecological processes, but based Model; from analyses of relationship among observed data. Black Box Model Endothermische reactie A chemical reaction which absorbs energy. For example, energy is stored in the organic products of the chemical reaction photosynthesis. Energy slope energie verhang Decrease or loss of the total head along a conduit (or channel) per unit conduit (or channel) length. (see also hydraulic gradient) Head, specifieke energie Energy per unit weight of the fluid at an given location and time. In open cannel hydraulics it is the sum of the largest water depth and the average specific kinetic energy in a given cross section of a channel. energy; Head, total Entropie Used in all applications of GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY to describe the amount of free energy (sometimes construed as the amount of UNCERTAINTY) IN A SYSTEM. It is a negative quality in that maximum entropy relates to the minimum amount of free energy and, th milieu The sum of all physical, chemical, and biological factors to which an organism or community is subjected. milieukosten Represent the economic value of damages that water uses imposes to the environment. Since non-market values play an important role, the application of special methodologies to evaluate the damages is necessary (such as the contingent valuation method). Milieu Effect Beoordeling Environmental impact assessment refers to a process involving the investigation, estimation and evaluation of the effect of a project or activity on the environment and is usually conducted by the proponent for the proposed undertaking in the process of p milieu indicator Environmental indicator refers to a measure/ parameter for evaluating a given environmental state as quantitatively as possible. Environmental indicators are used for various purposes, including (1) assistance to devising plans and measures, (2) assistan milie kwaliteits standaard The requirements which must be adhered to by a given environment or part thereof (e.g. air, surface, water, ground

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Ephemeral stream

Afkorting Synoniem Intermittent stream

Begrip regenrivier

Epifauna Epilimnion

Epifauna Epilymnion

Epipelagic Equipotential Line

Epipelagisch Equipotentiaal lijn

Equipotential Surface

Equipotentiaal vlak

Estuaries

estuarium

Euphotic zone

eufotische zone

Euryhaline Eurythermal Eutrophication

euryhalien eurythermisch Eutrofiering

Evaporation Evapotranspiration Exergy

Verdamping evapotranspiratie exergie

Exothermic reaction

Exothermische reactie

Expert Elicitation

expert onttrekking

Extreme Event Time Series Extreme-condition tests Faecal coliforms Fall Fall Fall Fall Falling limb False Negative

01-11-06

Description water). Stream which flows only in direct response to precipitation or to the flow of an intermittent spring. Animals that live on the bottom, either attached or moving freely over it. The upper layer of a water body that suffers the influence of atmospheric temperature and sun light, located above the thermocline. It is the area of warmest water within the water body and normally the area of most activity. The upper region of the oceanic province, extending to a depth of about 200 m. A line in a two-dimensional groundwater flow field such that the total hydraulic head is the same for all points along the line. A surface in a three-dimensional groundwater flow field such that the total hydraulic head is the same everywhere on the surface. Areas where freshwater meets saltwater (bays, mouths of rivers, salt marshes, lagoons). Those brackish water ecosystems shelter and feed marine life birds, and wildlife. The surface layer of the ocean that receives enough light to support photosynthesis. The bottom of this zone which marks the compensation depth varies reaching a maximum value of around 150 m in the very nearest open ocean water. Pertains to the ability of a marine organism to tolerate a wide range of salinity. Pertains to the ability of a marine organism to tolerate a wide range of temperature. The process of over-fertilization of a body of water by nutrients producing more organic matter than the self-purification processes can overcome. In a body of water, where little exchange of water occurs, the inflow of industrial, domestic and agricultu The physical process by which liquid is transformed into vapour. The combination of the processes of evaporation and transpiration. The amount of work, the system can perform when brought into thermodynamic equilibrium with a well defined reference state (for instance the same system at thermodynamic equilibrium at the same temperature and pressure as the considered ecosystem). A chemical reaction that liberates energy. For example, the energy stored in the products of photosynthesis is released by the chemical reaction respiration. A process for obtaining expert beliefs about subjective quantities and probabilities. Typically, structured interviews and/or questionnaires are used to elicit the necessary knowledge. Expert elicitations may also include “coaching” techniques to help the expert conceptualize, visualize, and quantify the knowledge being sought This is a series of storms derived from a rainfall record.

extreme gebeurtenis tijdserie extreme omstandigheden The model structure and output should be plausible for extreme or unlikely combinations of factors in the system. test faecale coliforme Bacteria common to the digestive tract of human beings - and other warm-blooded animals. They are present in and bacterieen indicative of domestic sewage and a high risk of disease if not controlled or eradicated. This parameter is commonly used to indicate the pres bodemval Sudden difference in elevation in the bed of a stream of sufficient extent to cause the entire stream of water passing over it to drop nearly vertically for some distance before it resumes its course val drop of water level at a point of a stream during a certain time. Verval difference of the water levels at two points on a stream Verval difference of water levels at the two sides of a weir or other hydraulic control structure daling Part of a hydrograph in which the discharge is decreasing from a peak. Type 2 Error fout negatief Also known as false acceptance decision errors. False negatives occur when the null hypothesis or baseline condition cannot be rejected based on the available sample data. The decision is made assuming the baseline condition is true when in reality it is false.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels False Positive

Afkorting Synoniem Begrip Type 1 Error fout positief

Fauna Feeder Tank Fertilizer Field Finite difference method Finite element method First-In-First-Out (FIFO) Plug Flow Fiscal Fitness Fixed Percentage Runoff Model Flash flood Flocculation Flood Flood Flood Flood berm Flood channel Flood channel Flood control Flood crest Flood estimation Flood flow Flood forecasting domain

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Flood protection

Description Also known as false rejection decision errors. False positives occur when the null-hypothesis or baseline condition is incorrectly rejected based on the sample data. The decision is made assuming the alternate condition or hypothesis to be true when in reality it is false. Fauna A collective term for the animal species present in an ecosystem, at a particular area or time. voedingstank It is a suitably sized vessel which is connected by a pipe with the main pipeline. Feeder Tanks provide protection against sub-atmospheric pressure and the stored water starts flowing into the main pipe when the local hydraulic gradeline falls below the water level in the tank. meststof Any substance containing a nitrogen compound or nitrogen compounds utilized on land to enhance growth of vegetation; it may include livestock manure, the residues from fish farms and sewage sludge. The mixture used as fertilizer supplies one or more of th Veld Field of a scalar (e.g. pressure), vector (e.g. velocity), tensor (e.g. stress) is a domain in each point of which one can define the value of the scalar, vector, tensor etc. (e.g. pressure field, velocity field, etc.) eindige-differentiemethode Method to solve (partial) differential equations using structured grids, in which Taylor expansion series are used to approximate derivatives. Eindige elementen Method to solve (partial) differential equations using unstructured grids, in which shape functions are used to approximate methode derivatives. First-in First-out There is no mixing of water at all during its residence time in a tank. Water parcels move through the tank in a segregated propstroming fashion where the first parcel to enter is also the first to leave. Physically speaking, this model is most appropriate for baffled tanks that operate with simultaneous inflow and outflow. There are no additional parameters needed to describe this mixing model. Fiscaal Concerning the getting and spending of money by government. geschiktheid The degree to which an organism passes on its genes to succeeding generations. vast percentage This model, as the name suggests, is simply based on each surface type having a fixed percentage runoff. For example afstromings model paved surfaces might be allocated an 80% runoff and roofs might be allocated a 90% runoff. It is difficult to know what percentages should be used and there is little advice currently available. stortvloed Flood of short duration that rises and falls quite rapidly (within a few hours of the causative event) with a relatively high peak discharge. It is usually the result of intense rainfall over a relatively small area. Flash floods may also result from the sudden release of water impounded by ice jams or dam or levee failures. Flocculatie Particles suspended in a body of water generally have a negative electric charge, repelling each other and avoiding contact and bonding. Flocculation is the process by which clay and colloidal particles are aggregated into small groups or masses called ?f hoogwater Rise, usually brief, in the water level in a stream to a peak from which the water level recedes at a slower rate overstroming The condition that occurs when water overflows the natural or artificial confines of a river or accumulates by drainage into low-lying areas. vloed relatively high flow as measured by stage height or discharge. vloedberm Channel for flood waters confined by flood embankments or levees vloedgeul Channel for flood water vloedschaar enlarged stream channel occupied during periods of high water. hoogwaterbeheersing Protection of land areas from overflow, or minimization of damage by flooding. topstand vloed schatting hoogwaterafvoer hoogwater voorspellings domein

Highest (peak) elevation of the water level during a flood in a channel. Determination of flood return periods. Volume of water flowing across a section of a stream during a flood per unit time. The flood forecasting modelling domain comprises all modelling activities related to operational, real-time forecasting of floods in rivers and coastal waters. The flood forecasting domain in HarmoniQuA is applicable to the 'river', 'transitional water' and 'coastal water' as these terms are defined in the Water Framework Directive.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Flood frequency

Afkorting Synoniem

Flood marks Flood plain

hoogwaterlijn Flow uiterwaard channel; Bottom land; overbank hoogwaterbescherming vormverandering van hoogwatergolf hoogwaterwaarschuwing afvoergolf

Flood proofing Flood routing Flood warning Flood wave Flood, design Flood, maximum possible Flood-control reservoir Flood-control works flooding flooding

inundation inundation

Floodwall Floodway Flora Flora Flow Control Valve Flow duration curve Flow Monitor Locations Flow velocity Flow, accelerated Flow, free surface Flow, laminar Flow, natural Flow, non-uniform

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Begrip hoogwater frequentie

FCV

Description Number of times a flood above a given discharge or stage is likely to occur over a given number of years. See also Return period. Natural marks left on a structure or objects indicating the maximum stage of the flood. Adjoining nearly level land at the bottom of the valley of a stream flooded only when the streamflow exceeds the carrying capacity of the normal channel.

Techniques for preventing flood damage to the structure and contents of building in a flood-hazard area. Technique used to compute the movement and change of shape of a flood wave moving through a river reach or a reservoir. Advance notice that a flood may occur in the near future at a certain station or in in a certain river basin. Rise in streamflow to a crest, and its subsequent recession, caused by a period of precipitation, snow melt, dam failure or hydroelectric plant releases. ontwerp hoogwater Flood hydrograph or instantaneous peak discharge adopted for the design of a hydraulic structure or river control taking into account economic and hydrological factors. (see also flood, maximum probable) maximaal mogelijk Greatest flood to be expected, assuming complete coincidence of all factors that would produce heaviest rainfall and hoogwater maximum runoff. bekken voor Reservoir used only for the temporary storage of flood water which is then released as rapidly as channel conditions hoogwaterbeheersing downstream permit. (see also reservoir, detention; basin, retarding) werken voor Levees, banks or other works along a stream, designed to confine it to a particular channel or direct it along planned hoogwaterbeheersing floodways, or a flood-control reservoir. onderwater zetten controlled spreading of water for irrigation, etc. overstroming Overflowing by water of the normal confines of a stream or other body of water, or accumulation of water by drainage over areas which are not normally submerged hoogwater keermuur Wall, usually built of reinforced concrete, to confine stream to prevent flooding. nevengeul Cannel constructed to carry flood water (in excess of the quantity that can be carried safely in the stream. Sometimes called a flood relief channel or bypass channel. Flora A collective term for the plant species present in an ecosystem, at a particular area or time. Flora All of the plants found in a given area. stroomregelklep It limits the flow through a valve to a specified amount. The program will produce a warning message if this flow cannot be maintained without having to add additional head at the valve. stroomduurcurve Graph representing the time during which the value of a given parameter, e.g. water level, is equalled or exceeded, regardless of continuity in time. afvoermeet lokaties The choice of monitoring sites is similarly a two stage process. Initially general locations rather than specific manholes should be selected. The number of monitors used will depend on the purpose and type of the model and the level of confidence that can be placed in the accuracy of the input data. stroomsnelheid Vector indicating the speed (velocity) and direction of a moving liquid (e.g. water). versnelde afvoer In channel hydraulics, flow in which the velocity increases in the direction of flow. vrije oppervlakte stroming Flow of water in which an interfaces exists between air and water. laminaire stroming Flow of a fluid in which the viscous forces are predominant. In channel flow the fluid particles move approximately in definite, relatively smooth paths with no significant transverse mixing. In channel flow it occurs at Reynolds number smaller than 500-2000. natuurlijke stroming Flow in a stream as it would occur under natural conditions. niet-eenparige stroming Flow in which the velocity vector is not constant along every streamline.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Flow, open channel

Afkorting Synoniem

Flow, overland Flow, regulated Flow, retarded Flow, subcritical Flow, supercritical Flow, turbulent Flow, uniform Flow, unsteady

Flow, nonsteady; Flow, nonstationary; Flow, nonpermanent

Flow, varied Fluid line

niet-eenparige stroming Material line stroomlijn ligne meetgoot

Flume Flushing rate Flux Ford Forecast Forecast, ensemble Forecasting error Fork Freshet Friction losses Froude number Fundamental aquatic ecology Fuzzy rule-based model Gaseous Cavitation Gauge datum Gauge zero Gauging site General Algebraic Modelling System.

01-11-06

Begrip stroming met een vrije waterspiegel oppervlakte afvoer gereguleerde afvoer vertraagde afvoer stromend water schietend water turbulente stroming eenparige stroming niet stationaire stroming

GAMS

Description Flowing water having its surface exposed to the atmosphere. Flow of water over the ground before it enters a definite channel. Flow in a stream that has been subjected to regulation by water control structures or diversions. Flow in which the velocity decreases with the time at a certain point, or in which the velocity decreases along a path-line. Flow at a velocity less than critical. Flow with a mean velocity greater than the critical velocity. Flow with the turbulence. In channel flow, it occurs at Reynolds number larger than approximately 5000. Flow in which the velocity vector is constant along every streamline. Flow in which the velocity changes in magnitude or direction with respect to time.

Flow occurring in streams having a variable cross section or slope. Line in a moving fluid continuum consisting always of the same fluid particles.

Artificial water way used to carry water across depressions, or when the construction of a normal conveyance channel or conduit is impractical or uneconomical. doorspoeltijd The rate at which the water of an estuary is replaced (usually expressed as the time for one complete replacement). volumestroom The volumetric flow rate per unit area through which flow occurs. See also Discharge. Voorde Shallow place where a stream may be crossed by traffic. Voorspelling Definite statement or statistical estimate of the occurrence of a future event. samengestelde Set of forecast values calculated by model runs differing from each other only with perturbed initial conditions or climatic voorspelling outliers of given frequency to account the uncertainty in the forecast. voorspellingsfout Difference between a forecast and the observed value. Vork Place where two or more streams flow together to form a larger waterway. (see also bifurcations) was Flooding or overflowing of a stream caused by heavy rains or snowmelt. wrijvings verlies Total energy losses in the flow of water due to friction between the water and the walls of the conduit, channel or porous medium in which it flows. Usually expressed in units of height. Froude getal Dimensionless number expressing the ratio of inertia forces to gravity forces. v = velocity of flow; g = acceleration of gravity; l = a characteristic length Fundamentele aquatische Focused on understanding observed phenomena. ecologie Model gebaseerd op A type of expert model. Allows the use of imprecise or fuzzy information. Often much more expert knowledge is available than quantitative data, fuzzy rule-based modelling provides a very useful way of using this knowledge. For example in "fuzzy" regels habitat modelli gasvormende cavitatie It occurs when there is either considerable free air suspended in the liquid or when the cavitation process is slow enough that the amount of air inside the vapour cavity is increased due to degassing from the liquid. Gage datum peilschaal referentievlak Elevation of the of a gauge referred to a certain datum level. Gage zero nulpunt peilschaal Elevation at which the gauge zero is set. Gaging site waterstands meetpunt Location on a stream where measurements of a water level and discharge are regularly made. Algemeen algebraisch It is a high-level modeling system for mathematical programming problems. It consists of a language compiler and a modelleer systeem stable of integrated high-performance solvers. GAMS is tailored for complex, large scale modeling applications, and

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

General equlibrium analysis General Purpose Valve

GPV

Ghyben-Herzberg principle Gravity flow Grid Gross domestic product Groundwater Groundwater divide Groundwater domain

Groundwater flow model Gutter Habitat Habitat availability Habitat preference Habitat quality / suitability Habitat use / utilisation Halocline Hard water Hardness Hazardous substances head loss Headwaters Headworks costs Heavy metals Heterogeneous

01-11-06

loss energy

Begrip

Description allows you to build large maintainable models that can be adapted quickly to new situations. Algemene evenwichts The analysis of the inter-relationships that exist between subsectors of the economy. It includes equilibrium optimisation analyse procedures that address the wide range of hydrological-economic processes in river basins. afsluiter voor algemeen It provides the capability to model devices and situations with unique head loss - flow relationships, such as reduced gebruik pressure backflow prevention valves, turbines, and well drawdown behaviour. The valve setting is the ID of a Head Loss Curve. Ghyben-Herzberg principe An equation that relates the depth of a saline interface in a coastal aquifer to the height of the freshwater table. gravitatie stroming Flow of water in which the effect of gravity is predominant. Grid To solve a model consisting of (partial) differential equations in order to apply it in a specific area, one needs a spatial schematisation (discretisation). This schematisation is called a grid (or, sometimes mesh, raster or network). A grid has to be se Bruto Binnenlands produkt The total value of the goods and services produced by the residents of a country. Grondwater The water present in interconnected pores located below the water table. grondwaterscheiding The boundary between two adjacent groundwater basins. The divide is represented by a high in the water table surface. Grondwater domein The groundwater modelling domain comprises modelling activities related to groundwater, i.e.: - Groundwater flow (heads and flows) - Solute transport (advection, diffusion and hydrodynamic dispersion) - Geochemistry (ad/absorption, ion exchange, complexation, degradation, etc.) The groundwater domain in HarmoniQuA corresponds to the term 'groundwater' as this term is defined in the Water Framework Directive. grondwaterstromingsmodel The application of a mathematical model to represent a site-specific groundwater flow system. Goot Shallow waterway provided at the margin of a highway for surface drainage. standplaats The environment in which an organism lives. Habitat can also refer to the environment in a particular place. In modelling studies, habitat is often qualified by its quality and quantity of its physical attributes. standplaats The habitat available to be used (i.e. the total environment) by an organism or community in a particular time and place. beschikbaarheid standplaats voorkeur A way of trying to estimate habitat quality by taking into account both habitat use and habitat availability. standplaats kwaliteit / The ability of available habitat to provide conditions that benefit an organism such as fitness, survival, ability to grow or toepasselijkheid reproduce. standplaats gebruik The habitat used by an organism or community in a particular time and place. Halocline A layer of water in which a high rate of change in salinity in the vertical dimension is present Hard water Alkaline water containing dissolved mineral salts that interfere with some industrial processes and prevent soap from lathering. Hardheid The hardness of water is indicated by the content of dissolved calcium and magnesium salts. Calcium and magnesium salts that are transformed to insoluble salts by boiling denote temporary hardness, while calcium and magnesium salts that do not settle whe Gevaarlijke stoffen Substances which have adverse impacts on living organisms, e.g. toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, harmful for the environment. druk verlies Decrease of total head, expressed of height , due to energy dissipation. bovenloop Streams from the sources of a river. kosten van The costs of abstraction, storage and treatment. reguleringswerk Zware metalen Metallic elements of large atomic weight (e.g. mercury, lead, nickel, zinc, copper and cadmium) that are of environmental concern because they do not degrade over time -- many are essential to life but can be toxic at certain concentrations. At low concen Heterogeen The condition under which one or more hydraulic properties of the groundwater flow system vary spatially.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Holistic modelling approach

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip holistische modelleer benadering

Homogeneous

Homogeen

Household demand function

huishoudelijke vraagfunctie hydraulische geleiding

Hydraulic conductance Hydraulic conductivity Hydraulic diffusivity

hydraulische geleidbaarheid hyraulische diffusiviteit

Hydraulic gradient

hydraulische gradient

Hydraulic jump

hydraulische sprong

Hydraulic Model

Hydraulisch model

Hydraulic Model Hydraulic radius Hydraulic structures

Hydraulisch model Hydraulische straal kunstwerken

Hydraulic Time Step Hydraulics Hydrocarbons Hydrodynamic domain

hydraulische tijdstap Hydraulica Koolwaterstoffen Hydrodynamisch domein

Hydro-ecology

Hydro-ecologie

Hydrograph Hydrograph, unit Hydrographical network Hydrography Hydrological cycle Hydrological regime Hydrological year

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hydrogram Unit eenheidshydrogram Hydrograph Hydrografisch netwerk Hydrografie Hydrologische cyclus Hydrologisch regime Hydrologisch jaar

Description Hydrological and socio-economic model components are tightly connected within a consistent model. Especially the hydrological component is often considerably simplified due to model-solving complexities. Information transfer is conducted endogenously. However, modelling of large-scale river basins with different water domains requires usually a modular approach. The condition under which the hydraulic properties of the groundwater flow system are independent of the position within the geological formation. Relates the water demand of households to price of water and other factors, such as prices of other goods and services, family income and climate. A term that incorporates model geometry and hydraulic conductivity into a single value for simplification purposes. It controls the flow rate to or from a given model cell, river reach, etc. A coefficient of proportionality that describes the rate at which water can move through a permeable medium. It is dependent upon properties of both the fluid (viscosity and density) and the medium. A property of an aquifer or confining layer defined as the ration of the transmissivity to the storativity or alternatively as the ratio of the hydraulic conductivity to the specific storage. The change in total head with a change in distance in a given direction. The direction is that which yields a maximum rate of decrease in head. See also Energy gradient. Sudden passage of water in an open channel from sub-critical depth to super-critical depth, accompanied by energy dissipation. Model describing the properties of fluid flow (e.g. depth, velocity, pressure, shear stress) in space and time. A model based on theoretical rules governing the behaviour of fluid. In a single cross section, the wetted area of the cross section of a stream or conduit divided by its wetted perimeter. Technical installations by means of which measures are taken in water management for the utilization of water resources and protective measures taken against harmfull effects of water. It specifies how often a new hydraulic computation of the network system is to be computed. Branch of fluid mechanics dealing with the flow of water (or other liquids) in conduits and open channels. Compounds found in fossil fuels that contain carbon and hydrogen and may be carcinogenic. The hydrodynamic modelling domain comprises flows of water, sediment transport and morphological aspects in all surface water elements such as: - Water supply systems - Sewer drainage systems - River systems including flood plain, lakes and reservoirs - Estuaries and coastal waters The hydrodynamic domain in HarmoniQuA corresponds to the water flow and sediment aspects in 'river' 'lake' 'transitional water' and 'coastal water' as these terms are defined in the Water Framework Directive. Used in a narrower sense (than ecohydrology) to describe the study of the interaction between ecological and hydrological/hydraulic processes in rivers and floodplains. A graph that shows some property of groundwater or surface water as a function of time. Discharge hydrograph of direct runoff resulting from a unit amount of runoff or effective rainfall generated uniformly over a catchment during a specified duration. Aggregate of rivers and other permanent or temporary watercourses, and also lakes and reservoirs, over any given area. in particular, charting the open bodies of water for navigational purposes. The transport and transformation of gaseous, liquid and solid water in the earth-atmosphere system. Variations in the state and characteristics of a water body which are regularly repeated in time and space and which go through phases, e.g. seasonal. Continuous 12-month period selected in such a way that overall changes in storage are minimal so that carryover is reduced to a minimum.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Hydrology

Afkorting Synoniem

Hydrology Hydrometric network Hydrometry Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Hydrosphere Hydrostratigraphic unit Hypolimnion Hysteresis Ice Ice cover Ice drift Ice jam Ice run Ideal free distribution Inactive Volume Individual based models Individual Raingauge Sites Industrial demand function Infiltration Inflow Inflow, lateral or local Inflow, lateral or local Initial Level Inlet Inlet Inorganic matter Insecticides

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IBM

Begrip Hydrologie

Description Science that deals with the processes governing the depletion and replenishment of the water resources of the land areas of the Earth, and treats the various phases of the hydrological cycle. Hydrologie Science that deals with the waters above and below the land surfaces of the Earth, their occurrence, circulation and distribution, both in time and space, their biological, chemical and physical properties, their reaction with their environment, including their relation to living beings. Hydrometrisch netwerk Network of stations at which facilities are available for measurement of hydrological variables, e.g. stream flow or river, lake and reservoir stages. Hydrometrie Science of the measurement and analysis of water including methods, techniques and instrumentation used in hydrology. Hydrofiel Pertaining to the property of attracting water. Hydrofoob Pertaining to the property of being impossible or difficult to wet with water. Hydrosfeer That part of the Earth covered by water and ice. hydrostratigrafische A formation, part of a formation or group of formations possessing similiar hydrologic characteristics allowing for grouping eenheid into aquifers or confining layers. Hypolymnion The cold lower layers of a body of water are called the hypolimnion. They are prevented from warming by the thermocline. Chemical analysis has shown that the waters within the hypolimnion are well mixed. Hysterese In streamflow the variability of the stage-discharge relation at a gauging station subject to variable slope where, for the same gauge height, the discharge on the rising stage is greater than on than falling stage. Ijs Solid form of water in nature formed by: the freezing of water, the condensation of atmospheric water vapour directly into crystals, the compaction of snow with or without the motion of a glacier, or impregnation of porous snow masses with water which subsequently freezes. ijsdek Ice on the surface of an open body of water, e.g. lake or river, especially with references to its thickness. ijsgang Movement of ice fields or floes in lakes and reservoirs, caused by wind or currents. Ijsdam Accumulation of ice at a given location which, in a river, restricts the flow of water. ijsgang Movement of ice or slush ice with the current of a stream. ideale vrije distributie The Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) is a mainstay of ecological models of habitat choice in animals. It is an optimal foraging model developed to predict the equilibrium distribution of organisms among patchy resources or habitats. The IFD makes several i Inactief volume It defines the volume of inactive water contained beneath the minimum level and the bottom elevation, in units m3 or ft3, of the storage tank individu gebaseerde Simulation models that treat individuals as unique and discrete entities which have at least one property in addition to age modellen that changes during the life cycle. individuele regen Having determined the density of raingauges, determine their approximate locations using a rough grid pattern, taking meetpunten account of variability in topography, and the location of the subcatchments. industriele vraagfunctie Relates the water demand of firms to water price and other factors, such as prices of other factor inputs, the type of technology or production process, and the output levels. Infiltratie The passage of water through the soil surface into the soil. Instroom Water flowing into an aquifer, into the reach of a stream, into a lake, a reservoir, or any other container. laterale of lokale instroom Water entering a stream between two gauging stations laterale of lokale instroom flow into a reservoir from the local streams draining into it. initieel niveau It defines the initial water surface level, in units m or ft, that is used at the start of the simulation inlaatopening Upstream end of any structure through which water may flow inlaatopening structure admitting water supplies from the source or through an intake structure built upstream. anorganische stof Chemical substances of mineral origin, not containing carbon-to-carbon bonding. Generally structured through ionic bonding. Insecticiden All substances or mixtures of substances intended for preventing or inhibiting the establishment, reproduction, development, growth of, or destroying or repelling any member of the class Insecta or other allied classes in phylum

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Intake Integrated model Integrated model, fully coupled Integrated model, uncoupled Interception Interest rate Interflow Invertebrate Ion Ionic bond Isobath Isochrone map Isotherm Isotropy Jackson Turbidity Unit Karst Kinematic Wave Method Lag-time Lake Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) Plug Flow Leach Lead time

Leakance Leaky confining layer

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JTU

Begrip

Description Arthropoda, declared to be inlaat Structure or site, the purpose of which is to control, regulate, divert, and admit water directly from the source, through an inlet built upstream. Geintegreerd model Model that includes several domains, e.g. groundwater-surface water or hydrodynamic-water quality. Geintegreerd model, Model that includes several domains with full couplings, so that feedback between domains is accounted for within each volledig gekoppeld time step, typically in an iterative scheme. Chained Geintegreerd model, Model that includes several domains with a forward coupling, so that output of one domain is used as input to another model ontkoppeld domain without any feedback. interceptie The process by which precipitation (either liquid or solid or both) is temporarily stored either on vegetation surfaces (canopy interception) or on litter surfaces (litter interception); intercepted water either can return to the atmosphere as evaporation rentepercentage The amount of interest on a debt, expressed as a percentage of the debt. oppervlakkige afvoer The lateral movement of water in the unsaturated zone during and immediately after a precipitation event. The water moving as interflow discharges directly into a stream or lake. Ongewervelde An organism that is not a vertebrate. Ion An atom that becomes electrically charged by gaining or losing one or more electrons. The loss of electrons produces a positively charged cation, and the gain of electrons produces a negatively charged anion. Ionische binding A bond resulting from the electrical attraction that exists between cations and anions. Isobath Contour line (or surface) of equal depth of the water table below the basic surface. histografische grafiek Map or chart of a drainage basin in which a series of lines (isochrones) gives the times of travel of water originating on each isochrone to reach the outlet of the basin. Isotherm Line connecting points of equal temperature. Isotropie The condition under which hydraulic properties of the aquifer are equal in all directions. Jackson eenheid voor The standard unit used in measuring the turbidity of a water sample; originally defined in terms of the depth of water troebelheid beyond which a candle flame cannot be clearly distinguished; a measure of turbidity or suspended materials by optical obstruction of lig karst The type of geologic terrain underlain by carbonate rocks where significant solution of the rock has occurred due to flowing groundwater. Karst terrain is frequently characterised by sinkholes, caves and underground drainage. kinematische golf methode Method of calculating gradually varied flow in pipes in which only frictional and gravitational forces are considered. The method cannot therefore be used to correctly calculate backwater or surcharge. voortplantingstijd Time from centre of mass of rainfall to centre of mass of runoff, or to the peak of runoff. Meer Inland body of water of considerable size. Last-In-First-Out This mixing model assumes that there is no mixing between parcels of water that enter a tank. However in contrast to propstroming FIFO Plug Flow, the water parcels stack up one on top of another, where water enters and leaves the tank on the bottom. Physically speaking this type of model might apply to a tall, narrow standpipe with an inlet/outlet pipe at the bottom and a low momentum discharge. It requires no additional parameters be provided. uitlogen To undergo the process by which materials in the soil are moved into a lower layer of soil or are dissolved and carried through soil by water. lead time of a doorlooptijd Interval of time between the issuing of a forecast (warning) and the expected occurrence of the forecast element. forecast; Forecast (warning) lead time lekvermogen Controls vertical flow in a model between cells in adjacent layers. Equivalent to the effective vertical hydraulic conductivity divided by the vertical distance between layer midpoints. lekkende insluitingslaag A low-permeability layer that can transmit water at sufficient rates to provide some recharge to a well pumping from an underlying aquifer. Also called an aquitard.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Left bank Levee

Afkorting Synoniem stop bank; embankment; dike; Bund; flood embankment

Levee, natural

Linear store Live storage Load Local groundwater system Long-term hydrological forecast Production function

Low alluvial ridge adjoining the channel of a stream, composed of sediment deposited by flood water which has overflowed the banks of the channel. daling Part of a single peaked hydrograph in which the discharge is decreasing. stijging Part of the hydrograph in which the discharge is increasing. limnologie Science that deals with the study of lakes and open reservoirs, including hydrological phenomena, emphasizing the analysis of environment. lineaire opslag Model store whose depletion rate is proportional to the storage. nuttige reservoircapaciteit Volume or cubic capacity of a lake or reservoir between the normal maximum and minimum operating levels. belasting The quantity off a substance or material carried or transported by a river (and its associated hydrological processes). Lokaal grondwater Aquifers which respond rapidly to recharge due a shallow water table elevation and/or close proximity to recharge and systeem discharge areas. These types of flow systems occur almost exclusively in unconfined aquifers. lange termijn Forecast of the future value of an element of the regime of a water body for a period extending beyond ten days from the hydrologische voorspelling issue of the forecast. verlies model Used to determine of the proportion of raw rainfall that will effectively become streamflow.

Low water Low-flow channel Lumped model Macroeconomics

laagwater lage-afvoergeul vervangingsmodel Macroeconomie

manager Manhole

Manager Mangat

Marginal cost Marginal revenue Markov process

Marginale kosten marginale opbrengsten Markov proces

Marsh Mass balance mass curve Maximum Level Mean daily discharge Mean hydraulic radius Mean section method Meander

01-11-06

Description Margin of channel at the left-hand side when facing downstream. Water-retaining earthwork used to confine streamflow within a specified area along the stream or to prevent flooding due to waves or tides.

natuurlijke dam

Limb, falling Limb, rising Limnology

Loss model

Begrip Linkeroever dijk

Moeras massabalans Integral curvecumulatieve neerslagkromme Maximum niveau gemiddelde dagelijkse afvoer Gemiddelde hydraulische straal gemiddeld profiel methode Meander

Low water level during minimum streamflow conditions. Stream channel occupied during periods of low flow. A model that considers the catchment as a unit without explicitly accounting for the spatial variability of its characteristics. The branch of economics concerned with the study of aggregate economic behaviour. It investigates the economy as a whole and seeks to identify the determinants of national income, employment, output and prices. Decision maker It used to model all network nodes where the shape and volume can be sufficiently accurate approximated by a vertical cylinder of a specified diameter Of the nth unit of output is defined as the difference in total cost between producing n and (n-1) units. For the nth unit of outputs is defined as the difference in total sales income derived from selling n rather than (n-1) units. Stochastic process such that the conditional probability distribution for the state at any future instant, given the present state, is unaffected by any additional knowledge of the past history of the system. Wet, soft, low-lying land that provides a habitat for many plants and animals. It can be destroyed by dredging and filling. Balance of material flows, see balance. Curve of an accumulative quantity versus time. It defines the maximum level, in units m or ft, that the water can rise to within the storage tank Mean of the daily discharge in a given period, or mean of the discharge during a day. Mean hydraulic radius is used for head loss calculation of culverts. It is substitution of hydraulic radius for culverts with different cross-section and different hydraulic radius respectively, along the culvert.(see also Hydraulic radius). Method for computing the discharge of a stream by dividing the cross sections by adjacent verticals at an equal distance. The discharge is obtained as the sum of the products of the mean of two adjacent depths by the mean of the average velocities along those two depths. One curved portion of a sinuous or winding stream channel, consisting of two consecutive loops, one turning clockwise

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Meander belt

meanderbreedte

Meander length

Meander lengte

Meander width Meander, full meandre Measurement Error

Meander breedte volledige meander Observation Meetfout Error Physically- Mechanistisch model based Model

Mechanistic Model Median Lethal Concentration

LC50

Median Lethal Dose

LD50

letale concentratie (mediaan) letale dosis (mediaan)

Mesopelagic Method Method of Two Coefficients Method of Two Lengths

Mesopelagisch Automatic Demand Distribution Automatic Demand Distribution

Methode Twee coefficienten methode

Description and the other anticlockwise. That part of the valley floor situated between two parallel lines tangential to successive, fully developed meanders at their extreme limits. Distance along the river between two corresponding points at the extreme limits of two successive, fully developed meanders. Amplitude of swing of a fully developed meander, measured from midstream to midstream. The winding of a stream channel. Errors in the observed data that are a function of human or instrumental errors during collection. A model that has a structure that explicitly represents an understanding of physical, chemical, biological and/or ecological processes. Mechanistic models quantitatively describe the relationship between phenomenon and underlying principles of cause., often through partial differential equations. LC50 stands for median lethal concentration, i.e. the concentration of a substance estimated to kill 50% of the test organisms. It is indicated with the testing time, usually 96 hours or less (e.g. 96 hLC50). LD50 stands for median lethal dose, the amount of a substance estimated to kill 50% of test organisms. With large test subjects, LD50 is often given as a quantity per unit of body weight. That portion of the oceanic province from about 200-1000 m depth. Corresponds approximately to the disphotic (twilight) zone. A HarmoniQuA term. A description of a methodology for carrying out an activity, possibly with links to supporting tools. This method is used to mimic the amount of actual demand based upon pre-defined demand coefficients.

Twee lengten methode

This method is used to mimic the amount of actual demand based upon the pipe length.

Method, five point

Vijfpunts methode

Methyl mercury

methyl kwik

Microbiological contamination Microeconomics

microbiologische verontreiniging Microeconomie

Method for determining the mean velocity in the vertical in a stream of depth d on the basis of a weighted average of velocity observations at depths 0, 0.2d, 0.6d, 0.8d, below the water surface Methyl (organic) mercury compounds found in industrial effluent are generated in acetaldehyde manufacturing plants which use mercury sulphate as a catalyst. Incidents of mercury poisoning are associated with methyl mercury compounds. Pollution with microorganisms - like viruses, bacteria, protozoa, etc. - that might cause diseases in humans or animals.

Microplankton

Microplankton

Micro-pollutants

micro verontreinigers

Mid section method

midden profiel methode

Mineral oil Minimum Level Minimum Travel time Minor Head Losses

Minerale olie Minimum niveau Minimale looptijd kleine drukverliezen

Mitigation

01-11-06

Minor Loss Coefficient

Mitigatie

The branch of economics concerned with the study of consumers, individual firms and the determination of market prices and quantities transacted in terms of factor inputs and goods and services. Net plankton. Plankton not easily seen by the unaided eye, but easily recovered from the ocean with the aid of a silk-mesh plankton net. Substances - like PCB, Dioxin, Cadmium, Mercury, etc. - that will create negative health impacts or adverse ecological changes even when available in low concentrations. Method for computing the discharge of a stream by dividing the cross section into panels not necessarily of equal width, by means of vertical. The total discharge is the sum of the products of the average velocity in each vertical by the depth of that vertical and by the mean width of the two panels adjacent to vertical. Residues of natural fossil fuels. It defines the minimum level, in units m or ft, that the water can drop to within the storage tank It establishes the smallest time of travel through a pipe that is recognized within a simulation An element of the network. It can be associated with the added turbulence that occurs at bends, junctions, meters, and valves Mitigation involves measures that compensate for or minimize the deterioration or loss of environmental qualities and

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Mixing Fraction

gemengde fractie

Model Model Archive Model benchmarking Model Calibration

Model model archief model vergelijking Model kalibratie

Model Code

Calibration

Model Confirmation

Software model code Package; computer program; code Confirmation model bevestiging

Model Error Model Journal Model Pedigree

Journal Pedigree

Model Set-up

Modelfout model journaal model afstamming

Model Study Plan

Model model opzet Construction; Set-up modelstudie plan

Model testing Model Validation

Validation

Model, analogue Model, distorted modeller

Model, analog consultant

model beproeven model validatie analoog model vervormd model modelleur

Modelling Process Modular modelling approach

modelleer proces modulaire modelleer benadering

Modulators

modulatoren

01-11-06

Description resources due to development. The fraction of the tank's total volume that comprises the inlet-outlet compartment of the two-compartment (2COMP) mixing model. A site-specific model established for a particular study area, including input data and parameter values. A set of model journals Comparing differences in output gained from several models when calculated using the same set of input data. The procedure of adjustment of model parameter values to reproduce the response of reality within the range of accuracy specified in the performance criteria. A mathematical formulation in the form of a computer program that is so generic that it, without program changes, can be used to establish a model with the same basic type of equations (but allowing different input variables and parameter values) for differetn study areas. Determination of adequacy of the conceptual model to provide an acceptable level of agreement for the domain of intended application. This is in other words the scientific confirmation of the theories/hypotheses included in the conceptual model. Difference between observed and simulated variables; can be cumulative, absolute, quadratic, etc. A record of which activities have been carried out and which decisions have been made in a specific project. A qualitative or quantitative determination of the rigor with which a model has been developed and evaluated. In some cases, a model's pedigree may be represented as a quantitative score that reflects the quality of a model’s development and evaluation. Model pedigree is concerned with the source of data used in model development, the conceptual model, the model code, and the extent of performed model validation tests. Establishment of a site-specific model using a model code. This requires, among other things, the definition of boundary and initial conditions and parameter assessment from field and laboratory data. A document that describes the structure and elements of a modelling study. It should contain information on project background and problem, data availability, objectives and expected outputs of modelling job, scope of work (methodologies and activities), expected accuracy of model perforamnce, time schedule, resources allocated, reporting requirements and management procedures. Comparing model predictions with independent data. Substantiation that a model within its domain of applicability possesses a satisfactory range of accuracy consistent with the intended application of the model. Representation of physical system (prototype) by an analogous physical system, such that the behaviour of the analogue approximately (or exactly) simulates that of the prototype. Model with different scales in different directions (e.g. horizontal and vertical). A specialist who undertakes the technical modelling activity. A modeller should have expert knowledge of both the issue and the sound model modelling approaches. The modller should present and interpret the model outputs to the water manager and to the stakeholders. The modeller is the counterpart of the water manager. If the modeller and the water manager belong to different organisations their roles will typically be denoted consultant and client, respectively. All steps that have to be or can be passed in the establishment and application of models. Couples hydrological and socio-economic models as separate models, i.e. only output data are usually transferred between the different components or submodels. Often a modelling interface facilitates the interactions between the different types of models. The variable factors that limit the carrying capacity of the coastal ecosystem on a short-term (often day-to-day) basis. These include temperature, available mineral nutrients, dissolved gas concentration, and presence of toxic chemicals.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Monitoring

Afkorting Synoniem

Monte-Carlo simulation Morphology, fluvial most probable number

Monte-Carlo simulatie MPN

Motion, mean Multiple-purpose project Multistage validation Muskingum method Mutagen Nanoplankton Nansen bottle Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient Nektobenthos Nephalometric Turbidity Unit

NTU

Net benefit Net present value Net profit Network costs Neumann condition

Neutralizer Nitrification No Observed Effect Level Node

01-11-06

Begrip Monitoren

NOEL

Fluviale morfologie meest waarschijnlijke hoeveelheid gemiddelde beweging project met meerdere doeleinden meertraps validatie

Description Periodic or continuous sampling to determine the status of an environmental variable or parameter. The results are taken into account in decisions regarding the environmental protection and management. A procedure allowing running many possible scenarios in a decision support system in a quick, automated fashion, to get an estimate of the uncertainty associated with modeling. Science of formation of beds and flood plains and of forms of streams by the action of water. MPN/100 ml indicates the most probable number of bacteria in 100 ml of sample volume.

Motion represented by the mean velocities in the sense of Boussinesq`s concept of mean velocity. Project designed, constructed and operated to serve more tan one interest or purpose, e.g. flood control, hydroelectric power, navigation, irrigation, fisheries, water supply, recreation. Validation methods are applied to critical stages in the model building process. The three key steps correspond roughly to conceptual, data and operational components. methode van Muskingum Approximate method to compute flood wave flattening. Based on solving the equation of continuity for a reach and that of the linear dependence of the water volume in the reach to the mean weighted discharge. mutageen Any substance that causes changes in the genetic structure in subsequent generations. Nanoplankton Plankton less than 50 microns in length cannot be captured in plankton net and must be removed from the water by centrifuge or special micro filters. nansen fles A device used by oceanographers to obtain samples of ocean water from beneath the surface. Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient Relative efficiency criterion proposed by Nash and Sutcliffe (1970) to assess the quality of model simulations. This criterion compares the sum of squared model errors with the sum of squared errors for a naive model, which would state that discharge is equal to the module of streamflow. Nektobenthos Those members of the benthos that can actively swim and spend much time off the bottom. nephalometrische The measure of light penetration in seawater or another liquid used in electronic turbidity meters which corresponds troebelheidseenheid closely to the Jackson Candle, or Jackson Turbidity Unit, because all instruments are calibrated to the equivalent of: 1 mg/l of SiO2 = 1 netto opbrengst A monetary measure of the difference between the economic benefit and the cost resulting from some change in quantity or quality of a good or service (such as water supply or watewater treatment). netto huidige waarde The present value of the economic net benefit stream discounted at a certain discount rate. Many large-scale water projects are taken up by governments and for such projects social discount rates should apply. Netto winst Total sales value less total costs. netwerk kosten The costs of freshwater distribution, stormwater and wastewater collection and disposal. Neumann voorwaarde The boundary condition for a groundwater model where the flux across the boundary of the flow region is known and Boundary specified, and the model computes the associated aquifer head. Also known as a Constant Flux or Second Type condition boundary condition. Second Type Boundary: Specified Flow neutralisator Neutralizers refer to chemicals that effect neutralization in the chemical treatment of waste water. Frequently used neutralizers include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, quick lime, slaked lime, limestone and magnesium oxide as alkaline neutralizers; Nitrificatie Nitrification refers to the process in which ammonia, produced by biological catabolism, or resulting from organic matter decomposition by bacteria, is oxidized to nitrite and then to nitrate. Second-phase oxygen demand (on and after the 10th day) on BOD niveau waarbij geen effect NOEL is used to express the maximum value within the range in which no chronic effect is observed in animal tests wordt waargenomen concerning the chronic toxicity of chemical substances. The level at which no adverse effect is observed is called NOAEL (No Observed Advers Knooppunt An element of the network. Element that represents free branch ends, branch connections or a specific storage. At nodes

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Nonconservative substance

Niet-conservatieve stof

Non-point source

niet-puntbron

Non-uniqueness Nutrient

niet-uniek zijn Nitrient

N-year event Objective function Observation Observation well Oil spill Operational management Opportunity cost Optimisation Organic content Organic materials Organic matter Organic pollutant Organism Osmosis Osmotic pressure Outfall Outflow Outlet Overflow Ox-bow

01-11-06

N jaarlijkse gebeurtenis Goodness of doelfunctie fit criterion observatie observatie put

Description with one simple pipe connected, boundary conditions are usually defined by specifying the values of piezometric head or discharge as a constant value or as a function of time. Flow continuity and a piezometric level compatibility is assumed at nodes connecting several branches A substance of a water body changed by processes other than mixing and diffusion. For example, dissolved oxygen content will be altered by biological activity. Cause of water pollution that is not associated with point sources. Examples include (i) agriculturally related, including runoff from manure disposal areas and from land used for livestock and crop production; (ii) forest related; (iii) minerelated, including new, current, and abandoned surface and underground mine runoff; (iv) construction-activity-related sources of pollution; (v) waste disposal on land, in wells, or in subsurface excavations that affect groundwater and surface water quality; (vi) saltwater intrusion into rivers, lakes, estuaries, and groundwater; and (vii) hydrologic modifications, including those caused by changes in the movement, flow, or circulation of waters due to construction and operation of dams, levees, channels, or flow diversion facilities. The principle that different sets of model parameter values can produce nearly identical model results. A substance, element or compound, organic or inorganic, necessary for the growth and development of plants and animals. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are important examples of nutrients needed by living things. Hydrological phenomenon, the return period of which is N years. A function to quantify the deviations between model variables and observations. Also sometimes denoted cost function.

A measurement of a variable in reality. A non-pumping well used to observe the elevation of the water table or the potentiometric surface. An observation wells is generally of larger diameter than a piezometer and typically screened or slotted throughout the entire thickness of the aquifer. olie lozing Accidental discharge into bodies of water. operationeel management A project that involves real-time operation, e.g. flood forecasting. alternatieve kosten The output value forgone in terms of economic net benefits if a productive resource is deployed for a defined project or use, rather than its existing use. optimalisatie Numerical procedure allowing the maximisation (or minimisation) of an objective function in a calibration procedure. organisch gehalte The ratio of carbon compounds, whether from living organisms or not, to the total chemical composition of a substance. organische materialen Compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and other elements with chain or ring structures. It excludes carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbon acid, metallic carbides, metallic carbonates, and ammonium carbonate. Almost all chemical constituents of living organische stof Carbonaceous waste contained in plant or animal matter and originated from domestic or industrial sources. organische verontreiniging All substances are classified into organic and inorganic. Carbon compounds (excluding carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide) are collectively called organic substances. Substances other than organic substances are called inorganic substances (e.g. mercury, organisme A living individual. osmose Passage of water molecules through a semi permeable membrane separating two aqueous solutions of different solute concentrations. The water molecules pass from the solution of lower solute concentration into the other. osmotische druk A measure of the tendency for osmosis to occur. It is the pressure that must be applied to the more concentrated solution to prevent the passage of water molecules into it from the less concentrated solution. lozingspunt The place where an effluent is discharged into receiving waters. uitstroom Flow of water out of a stream, lake, reservoirs container, basin, aquifer system, etc. uitlaatopening Opening through which water flows out or is extracted from a reservoir or stream. overlaat Excess water which overflows the ordinary limits of a surface or ground-water reservoir. strang Abandoned part of a former meander, left when the stream cur a new, shorter channel.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Oxidation Paired catchments

Afkorting Synoniem

Parameter

Coefficient; constant; Quantity

Begrip oxidatie gekoppelde stroomgebieden parameter

Parameterisation

parametrisatie

Parasite Parshall flume

parasiet parshall meetgoot

Partial Differential Equation

partiele differentiaalvergelijking gedeeltelijke duurlijn partiele economische optimalisatie

Partial duration series Partial economic optimisation Particulate matter Particulates Parts per billion

ppb

Parts per million

ppm

Parts per trillion

ppt

Path line Pathogenic Pattern time step pentachlorophenol Percolation Perfect foresight scenario Performance Criteria Permeable strata Persistence criterion

Persistent chemicals Pesticide

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Flow line

PCP

Description The consuming or breaking down of organic wastes or chemicals in sewage by bacteria and chemical oxidants. The paired watershed approach involves selecting two similar watersheds, which are monitored simultaneously for a given time period to establish a univocal relationship between their hydrological behaviors. Then, a treatment is applied to one of them, whi A quantity that is assumed constant in time. A parameter is most often a representation of a physical, chemical or ecological characteristic of reality. Activities to transform system characteristics into model parameters. This includes to determine the spatial patterns of the parameter values so that a given parameter only reflects the significant and systematic variation described in the available field An organism that takes its nutriment from the tissues of another organism and benefits at the host?s expense. Improved Venturi flume to measure the flow of water in open conduits. It consist essentially of a contracting length, a throat and an expanding length. Differential equations with more than one independent variable.

Lists of all events, such as floods, occurring above a selected base, without regard to the number within a given period. Addresses the optimal behaviour of individuals or single economic sectors, such as agriculture, industry, and households (in contrast to the equilibrium optimisation which considers simultaneously the behaviour of different economic sectors, such in river basins). vaste deeltjes Any material, except water in uncombined form, that is or has been airborne and exists as a liquid or a solid at standard conditions. zwevend materiaal Fine liquid or solid particles such as dust, smoke, mist, fumes, or smog, found in the air or emissions. Delen per miljard Parts per billion, commonly considered equivalent to micrograms per litre or kilogram (ug/L or ug/kg). This is a weight per volume or weight per weight measurement used in contaminant analysis. Delen per miljoen Parts per million, commonly considered equivalent to milligrams per litre or kilogram (mg/L or mg/kg). This is a weight per volume or weight per weight measurement used in contaminant analysis. Delen per biljoen Parts per trillion, commonly considered equivalent to nanograms per litre or kilogram (ng/L or ng/kg). This is a weight per volume or weight per weight measurement used in contaminant analysis. stroomlijn Curve described by a moving particle of water. pathogeen Any virus or other microorganism capable of causing disease patroon tijdstap It specifies the length of time between each pattern change (i.e. the period of time over which water demands and constituent source strengths remain constant). pentachloorfenol PCP stands for pentachlorophenol, a chemical used in disinfectants, herbicides, defoliants, termite exterminating agents, preservatives for timber, etc. It has a peculiar smell and causes skin rash occasionally, although low in toxicity. percolatie The flow of water downward from the landsurface into a certain geological layer. perfect toekomst scenario Test scenario in which future forcing variables (e.g. rainfall) are assumed to be perfectly known (i.e. equal to actually observed variables). A scenario sometimes used to compare the efficiencies of several forecasting models. prestatie eisen Level of acceptable agreement between model and reality. The performance criteria apply both for model calibration and model validation. The performance criteria are usually formulated so that a number of objective functions have to be better than specified numerical values. doorlaatbare lagen Layers of rock or sediment through which water can flow. persistentie criterium Relative performance criterion used to compare the accuracy of a forecast to this issued by a naïve model. This criterion compares the sum of squared model errors with the sum of squared errors for a naive model, which would state that the forecast is unchanged with reference to the discharge at time of forecast (Q(t0+L)=Q(t0)). A criterion widely used to assess the results of flood forecasting models. persistente chemicalieen Substances that resist biodegradation and/or chemical oxidation when released into the environment. pesticide Any substance used to control pests ranging from rats, weeds, and insects to algae and fungi. Pesticides can accumulate

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

pH Phenols Photosynthesis Physical habitat Phytoplankton Phytoplankton bloom Piezometer Pipe Pitot tube Plankton Plankton bloom Planning Point data Point source Polder Pollutant Polluter Pays Principle Pollution (water) Pollution load Polychlorinated biphenyl

PCB

Polynuclear or Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

PAH

Pond Population

01-11-06

Begrip

Description in the food chain and contaminate the environment if misused. pH A measure of the acidity of a solution i.e. the negative of the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration; "Hydrogen ion exponent", a unit for measuring hydrogen ion concentrations. A scale (0 to 14) represents an aqueous solution's acidity or alkalini Fenolen Organic compounds that are byproducts of petroleum refining, tanning, textile, dye, and resin manufacture. Low concentrations can cause taste and odor problems in water, higher concentrations can kill aquatic life. fotosynthese The manufacture by plants of carbohydrate food from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll, by utilizing light energy and releasing oxygen. fysieke standplaats The physical or abiotic factors which constitute the environment for an organism. fytoplankton Collectively, all the microscopic plants, such as certain algae, living unattached in aquatic habitats. The plant component of the plankton. It represents the most important community of primary producers in the ocean. See Algae and Plankton. fytoplankton bloei An excessive growth of phytoplankton. See Algal bloom and Eutrophication. grondwaterstandsbuis A non-pumping well, generally of small diameter, which is used to measure the elevation of the water table or the potentiometric surface. A piezometer generally has a short well screen through which water can enter. pijp An element of the network. It conveys water from one point to another. Flow direction is from the end at higher head (potential energy per pound of water) to that at lower head pitot buis Tube, one end of which is open and held perpendicular to a liquid stream. The speed of the liquid can be determined from the difference between the impact pressure and the static pressure. Plankton Small plants (phytoplankton) and animals (zooplankton) which either have relatively small powers of locomotion or drift in the water subject to the action of waves and currents. The chief constituents of phytoplankton are unicellular algae, protozoa, smal plankton bloei A very high concentration of phytoplankton, resulting from a rapid rate of reproduction as conditions become optimum during the spring in high latitude areas. Less obvious causes produce blooms that may be destructive in other areas. See Algal bloom, Plan planning A project that involves modelling studies as part of a planning process puntdata Observations at a geographic site, e.g. the site of a rain gauge or a stream-gauging station. puntbron A stationary location where pollutants are discharged, usually from an industry. Any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, polder Piece of low-lying land reclaimed by dikes from the sea or other body of water. vervuiling A contaminant at a concentration high enough to endanger the environment or the public health. vervuiler betaald principe Principle recommended by the OECD and the EU that the polluter should carry the costs of the measures required to compensate for or clean up pollution. vervuiling (water) The discharge, directly or indirectly, of compounds from sources into the aquatic environment in such quantity as to pose risks to human health, living resources or to aquatic ecosystems, damage to amenities or interference with other legitimate uses of w vervuilingswaarde Pollution Load, usually indicated in kg or kg/day, refers to a total amount of water-contaminating substances generated by human activities or a total amount of pollutants contained in a unit amount of contaminated water. In a factory, the total pollution Polychloor bifenyl One of a range of synthetic compounds mainly used as liquid insulators in heavy-duty electrical transformers. They are resistant in the environment and are associated with reduced reproduction in marine birds and mammals and are believed to compromise the polycyclische aromatische A class of complex organic compounds, having more than one benzene ring, some of which are persistent and cancer koolwaterstoffen causing - PAHs are often produced by coal gasification plants and oil refineries and may be formed by the combustion of petroleum. vijver Small storage reservoir. bevolking A group of individuals with common ancestry that are much more likely to mate with one another than with individuals from

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Population equivalent Porosity Porosity ? effective

inwoners equivalent porositeit effectieve porositeit

Porosity ? primary Porosity ? secondary Post audit Potamology

primaire porositeit secundaire porositeit post audit rivierkunde

Potential evapotranspiration

potentiele evapotranspiratie

Potentiometric surface

potentiaal vlak

Precipitation Precipitation Precipitation gauge Precipitation-runoff domain

neerslag neerslag neerslag meter neerslag afvoer-domein

Raingauge

Precipitation-runoff modelling Precision

neerslag afvoermodellernig precisie

Precursor Present value Pressure Breaker Valve Pressure Reducing Valve

precursor huidige waarde druk reduceerklep Reductie klep

Pressure, hydrostatic Price elasticity of demand

PBV PRV

Primary productivity

hydrostatische druk elasticiteit van de vraagprijs primaire productiviteit

Problem definition Process, non-stationary Process, stationary Process-based Model (1)

probleem definitie niet stationair proces stationair proces procesmodel

Process-based Model (2)

procesmodel

01-11-06

Description another such group. The organic biodegradable load having a five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of 60 g of oxygen per day. The ratio of the volume of void spaces in a rock or sediment to the total volume of the rock or sediment. The volume of the inter-connected void spaces through which water or other fluids can travel in a rock or sediment divided by the total volume of the rock or sediment. The porosity that represents the original pore openings when the rock or sediments formed. The porosity that has been caused by fracturing or weathering in a rock or sediment after it has been formed. Comparison of model predictions with what actually happened. That branch of hydrology dealing with surface streams. (see also hydrology, surface water) Maximum quantity of water capable of being evaporated in a given climate from a continuous stretch of vegetation covering the whole ground and well supplied with water. It thus includes evaporation from the soil and transpiration from the vegetation of a specified region in a given time interval, expressed as depth. A surface that represents the level to which water will rise in a tightly cased well. The water table is a particular potentiometric surface of an unconfined well. Amount of precipitation on a unit of horizontal surface per unit time. Liquid or solid products of the condensation of water vapour falling from clouds or deposited from air on the ground. General term for any device that measures the amount of precipitation principally a raingauge or snow gauge. The precipitation-runoff domain comprises modelling activities related to precipitation-runoff processes, i.e.: - Flow processes (precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff etc., typically at catchment scale) - Non-point pollution (e.g. nitrate, pesticides originating from agricultural practise) The precipitation-runoff domain in HarmoniQuA corresponds more or less to the term 'surface water' related to 'river basin' as these terms are defined in the Water Framework Directive. Modelling process in which a mathematical link is established between precipitation and runoff series. The quality of being reproducible in amount of performance. With models and other forms of quantitative information, precision refers specifically to the number of decimal places to which a number is computed as a measure of the "preciseness" or "exactness" with which a number is computed. A pollutant that takes part in a chemical reaction resulting in the formation of one or more new pollutants. The present value of the economic benefit stream discounted at a certain discount rate. It forces a specified pressure loss to occur across the valve. Flow can be in either direction through the valve. It limits the pressure at their downstream node to not exceed a preset value when the upstream node pressure is above the PRV setting. If the upstream pressure is below the setting, flow through the valve is unrestricted. Should the pressure at the downstream node exceed the pressure at the upstream node, the valve closes to prevent reverse flow. Isotropic pressure exerted by water at rest. The elasticity of demand for water is a measure of willingness of a consumer or producer to reduce the use of water in response to the rise in price or use more water if price falls. The amount of organic matter produced by photosynthesis, from inorganic substances, within a given volume of water or habitat area, measured in a unit of time. A clear, precise (not necessarily quantitative) specification of what is known on the problem and what has to be computed. Process, the probability distribution of which is time-dependent. Process, the probability distribution of which is time-independent. Models of a system using linkages and relationships which reflect underlying meaningful quantities and / or changes in these quantities. In practice there is much blurring between process and empirical models: all process-based models include some empiri Describe processes such as the dynamics of a population of a given species under certain environmental conditions. A

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Producer surplus

producenten overschot

Production function Programmer Project Public

productie functie programmeur project publiek

General public

Pump

pomp

Pumping test

pomptest

Pycnocline Quadratic store Quality Assurance Quality Control Quality Management Quality Requirements Quality Time Step Quantitative precipitation forecast Quickflow Race, head Radar

QA QC

QPF

pycnocline kwadratische opslag kwaliteitsborging kwaliteitscontrole kwaliteitsmanagement kwaliteitsbehoeften kwaliteits tijdstap kwantitatieve neerslag voorspelling Direct runoff quickflow inlaatkanaal radar

q-h diagram

Part of the discharge that corresponds to overland flow and reaches rapidly the basin outlet. Channel or flume which brings water to a water wheel or turbine. An electronic instrument used for the detection and ranging of distant objects of such composition that they scatter or reflect radio energy. In hydrology, used to estimate precipitation amounts. The process by which wave energy is transmitted via wave motions in a medium. The spontaneous breakdown of the nucleus of an atom, resulting in the emission of radiant energy in the form of particle waves. Precipitation in the form of liquid water drops which have diameters greater than 0.5 mm, i.e., larger than drizzle. Device to apply water at the soil surface in a form and at a rate comparable with natural rainfall. Distribution of rainfall in space and time. The part of rainfall that contributes directly to surface runoff. Process of simulating synthetic rainfall data series. The infiltration which occurs in response to rainfall and is additional to the more constant groundwater infiltration. This phenomenon has long been recognised and is basically the remaining portion of the flow hydrograph which is not accounted for by foul flows, groundwater infiltration, impermeable runoff and permeable runoff. Rate at which rainfall occurs, expressed in units of depth per unit of time. Stretch of a stream where the flow is very swift and shooting, and where the surface is usually broken by obstructions, but has no actual waterfall or cascade. Relation between stage and discharge at a river gauging station.

q-h diagram (bocht)

Double-valued part of the rating curve in which the higher values of the discharge apply, when the river is rising, and the

Radiation Radioactivity

straling radioactiviteit

Rain Rain simulator Rainfall distribution Rainfall excess Rainfall generation Rainfall Induced Infiltration

regen regensimulator neerslagdistributie neerslagoverschot neerslag generatie door neerslag veroorzaakte infiltratie

Rainfall intensity Rapids

neerslagintensiteit stroomversnelling

Rating curve Rating curve, loop of the

01-11-06

stagedischarge relation

Description simple model may be the growth of a fish in a river under certain trophic conditions. A more complex model may incorporate a number of The amount a producer would pay for a production input (e.g. water) minus the amount actually paid. This term is applied often to measure the economic net benefit from using a production input, such as water. Relates crop production to the use of water and other inputs. A person that develops or adapts model code. A model study. The public is composed of partners that are not directly involved (as modeller, manager or auditor) in a modelling study but that have a legitimate interest in the modelling results. The public may typically be either interest groups/stakeholders or the general public. An element of the network. A device that raises the hydraulic head of water. The relationship describing the head imparted to a fluid as a function of its flow rate through the pump is termed the pump characteristic curve. A test made by pumping a well for a period of time and observing the change in hydraulic head in the aquifer or adjacent aquitard(s). A pumping test may be used to determine the capacity of a well and the hydraulic properties of the aquifer and adjacent a A layer of water in which a high rate of change in density in the vertical dimension is present. Model store whose depletion rate is a quadratic function of the storage. Part of quality management focussing on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled Part of quality management focussing on fulfilling quality requirements Co-ordinated activities to direct and control an organisation (e.g. a project) with respect to quality of work. Need or expectations to quality of work that is stated, generally implied or obligatory. It specifies the time step to be used to track water quality changes in the pipe network system. Forecast of precipitation amount.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Reach Reach, characteristic

pand karakteristiek pand

Reaction Coefficient

reactie coefficient

Reaction Rate Model

reactie snelheid model

Reaeration

reaeratie

Reality Real-time forecast Receiving waters Recession Recharge

werkelijkheid real-time voorspelling ontvangend water recessie aanvulling

Red tide

rood getij

Regional groundwater system

regionaal grondwater systeem

Regionalisation

regionalisatie

Regulation, natural Relative humidity

natuurlijke regulatie relatieve vochtigheid

Reliability

betrouwbaarheid

Report Time Step Reservoir Reservoir, compensating

rapportage tijdstap bekken compensatie bekken

Reservoir, detention

Reservoir, balancing Reservoir, retarding

detentiebekken

Reservoir, storage Residual

bergbassin restfout

Respiration

ademhaling

Response Pump

reactie pomp

Response Valve

reactie klep

01-11-06

Description lower values, when the river is falling. Length of open channel between two defined cross sections. Segment of stream in which there exists a single valued relationship, approximately defined, between the volume of water and the discharge at its lower end. The bulk reaction coefficient for chemical reactions in the tank. Use a positive value for growth reactions and a negative value for decay. Water quality model provides a mechanism for considering the loss (or growth) of a substance by reaction as it travels through the distribution system. Reaction can occur both within the bulk flow and with material along the pipe wall. Any process which includes the introduction of air (oxygen) but generally refers to a step in the sewage treatment process. It is a method of water treatment, in which water and air are brought into immediate contact, with air blown into water, or water The natural system, understood here as the study area. A forecast issued by a model, in limited time, in actual operational conditions (ignoring the future inputs). Any body of water where untreated wastes are dumped. Period of decreasing discharge as indicated by the falling limb of a hydrograph starting from the peak. The process which replenishes groundwater, usually by rainfall infiltrating from the ground surface to the water table and/or by surface water entering the water table or exposed aquifers. The addition of water to an aquifer. Red tide refers to the colour change of seawater resulting from the abnormal growth of planktonic organism, usually dinoflagellates. Although the term originally referred to a reddish colour, it is now applied to any colour if it arises from a high conce Extensive aquifer which take longer than local and intermediate systems to respond to increased groundwater recharge because their recharge and discharge areas are separated by large distances, and/or they have a deep water table. Unconfined aquifers wit Approach consisting in finding regional rules for the application of hydrological model and/or establishing relationship between catchment descriptors and model parameter values on a large sample of catchments. Smoothing-out variations in streamflow as a result of storage in a lake. The ratio of the actual vapour pressure of the air to the saturation vapour pressure of the air. It is strongly dependent on temperature. The confidence that (potential) users have in a model and in the information derived from the model such that they are willing to use the model and the derived information. It specifies the interval of time between which network conditions are reported. Body of water, either natural or man-made, used for storage, regulation and control of water resources. Secondary reservoir reducing discharge fluctuations due to peak-load operation of the principal reservoir. Flood-control reservoir with uncontrolled outlets. (see also flood-control reservoir) Reservoir impounding water for useful purposes, e.g. water supply, power, irrigation and recreation. Deviation between the model prediction and the field measurement. Residuals form the basis for establishment of objective functions. The process by which organisms utilize organic materials (food) as a source of energy. As the energy is released, oxygen is used and carbon dioxide and water are produced. It is controlled by a relation between pump speed during the pump trip off and the behaviour of Response Valve. If the pump trips off, the Response Valve starts to close. These valves are activated in a response to a hydraulic transient. For example, when a pump is shut down, a low pressure wave is sent down the pipe. It is possible to have a valve at the discharge end which starts closing at the instant of the pump tripping.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Return period Reynolds number

Afkorting Synoniem Begrip Recurrence terugkeerperiode interval reynolds getal

Rheology Riffle

reologie stroomversnelling

Right bank Rising limb River

rechteroever opgaande flank rivier

River bed

rivier bedding

river Gauge

stream Gauge; Water level recorder

waterstandsmeter

River training

rivier normalisatie

Rock - igneous Rock - metamorphic Rock - sedimentary

stollingsgesteente metamorf gesteente sedimentair gesteente

Rock - volcanic Roughness Coefficient

vulkanisch gesteente ruwheids coefficient

Routing

routering

Routing reservoir Runoff

routeringsbekken afstroming

Runoff depth Salinity

afstromingsdiepte saliniteit

Salt

zout

Saltwater intrusion Saturated zone

zoutwater indringing verzadigde zone

Schematisation Scum

schematisatie schuim

Secchi disk

secchi schijf

01-11-06

Description Long-term average interval of time or number of years within which an event will be equalled or exceeded, e.g. flood peak discharge. Dimensionless number expressing the ratio of viscous forces to iertia forces. v = velocity of flow; l = a characteristic length; u = kinematic viscosity That branch of the mechanics of continua which deals with stress, deformation and flow relationships of matter. Shallow rapids in an open stream, where the water surface is broken into waves by obstructions totally or partly submerged. Margin of a channel at the right-hand side when facing downstream. Part of a hydrograph in which the discharge is increasing towards a peak Large stream which serves as natural drainage channel for a drainage basin. (see also current; stream; watercourse) Lowest part of a river valley shaped by the flow of water and along which most of the sediment and runoff moves in interflood periods. A device for measuring the river stage; also called a stream gauge. Some types of gauges include: float, bubbler, staff, wire weight and crest. See also gauging site. Engineering river works built in order to direct the flow, or to lead it into a prescribed channel, or to increase the water depth for navigation and other uses. A rock formed by the cooling and crystallisation of a molten rock mass called magma. A rock formed by the application of relatively high heat and pressure to exisiting rocks or sediments. A layered rock formed from the consolidation of sediments. These include clastic rocks (such as sandstone), rocks formed by chemical precipitation in water (such as some limestones), or rocks formed from organic material (such as coal). An igneous rock that forms when molten rock called lava cools on the earth's surface. It defines the roughness of the interior surface of the pipe. This value is unitless for Hazen-Williams or Chezy-Manning head loss formulas, and in mm or millifeet for the Darcy-Weisbach (or Colebrook-White) formulation. Technique used to compute the effect of channel storage and translation on the shape and movement of a flood wave through a river reach. Model store responsible for the transfer of water over the catchment. The water, derived from precipitation, that ultimately reaches streams, rivers and lakes. Runoff is composed of three elements: (1) direct or surface runoff which results from over-surface and channel flow, (2) interflow runoff which is below the surface but above the water table, and (3) base flow runoff (ground water). Runoff volume from a drainage basin, divided by its area, in a specified time. The concentration of sodium chloride or dissolved salts in water, usually expressed in EC units or milligrams of total dissovled solids per liter (mg/L TDS). Any substance that yields ions other than hydrogen or hydroxyl. Salts are produced from acids by replacing the hydrogen with a metal. A movement of salt water inland through soils into freshwater aquifers. The zone in which voids in rock or soil are filled with water at a pressure greater than atmospheric. The water table defines the top of the saturated zone in unconfined aquifers. Simplified representation of the spatial and/or temporal distribution of variables and parameters. See also grid. Scum refers to suspended matter found on the surface of a sedimentation or fire extinguishing tank. Scum usually has a large content of fat. A disk about 20 cm (8 in) in diameter with a four-part propeller design of alternating black and white triangles painted on its surface; it is lowered with a rope fastened at its centre to measure vertical transparency of the water (via the depth of

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Section, longitudinal Sedimentary aquifer Seepage velocity Self-purification Semi-distributed model Sensitivity Sensitivity Analysis Sewage Sewer Quality Model Sewer System Shadow price

Shoal Shoal Sigma-T () Sill Sill Sill Simulation Slope (of water surface) Slope area method Slope, adverse Slow Transient Snowmelt module Social rate of discount

Socio-economic domain Solute

01-11-06

Begrip longitudinale sectie sedimentaire aquifer

pore water velocity

snelheid van het porien water zelfherstel

Description its " Vertical section along a channel at its center line. Aquifers comprised of consolidated and unconsolidated sediments such as sands or sandstones, in which water is stored in the intergrannular pores, and limestone, in which water is stored in solution cavities and joints. The actual rate of movement of fluid particles in permeable medium.

Self-purification refers to the process in which rivers, lakes, the sea and other water bodies naturally treat pollutants brought into them. This process can be classified into (1) dilution, (2) biological or chemical effect (decomposition) and (3) sedim semi-gedistribueerd model Model that divides the catchment into sub-catchments. gevoeligheid The degree to which the model output s are affected by changes in selected model input. gevoeligheidsanalyse Analysis of the sensitivity of the model results to changes in parameter values or other assumptions (e.g. input data). In a sensitivity analysis the various sources of uncertainty are analysed individually. afvalwater Sewage refers to waste water or rainwater originating from, or accompanying, domestic, industrial or commercial activities (excluding farming). afvalwater kwaliteitsmodel Model which can simulate the flows and the concentrations of various indicators of the pollutant load in sewage as it flows through the sewer system. riolering The system which collects waste water from the consumers to waste water treatment schaduwprijs This value is used in economic analysis when market price is in some way an inadequate measure of economic value. Non-market prices are used often to reflect the (social) opportunity cost of a resource, such as water. Shadow prices may contain economic benefits and costs which are hidden in the market process (externalities). Shadow prices can be used to evaluate by how much economic net benefits from an optimal water allocation would increase if a constraint on water supply were relaxed by one unit. bank Submerged bar of sand, resulting from natural deposition on a river bed ondiepte part of the area covered by water, of the sea or lake or river, when the depth is small. sigma-T() A term used in place of density but derived from density of a water sample after the pressure has been reduced to one atmosphere. It is computed as ?t = (density ? 1) 1000. drempel Low structure built under water in order to correct the depth of a river drempel invert of a gate or weir opening stuw low structure built across an affluent stream, a diversion channel or outlet, to reduce or prevent the flow until the mainriver stage reaches the crest of the structure. simulatie Use of a validated model to gain insight into reality and obtain predictions that can be used by water managers. This includes insight into how reality can be expected to respond to human interventions. verhang (wateroppervlak) Inclination of the water surface expressed as the difference in elevation of two points divided by their distance. oppervlakte verhang Method for estimating discharge by application of open-channel hydraulic formulae. The most commonly used is the methode Manning equation. A = channel cross-sectional area; R = hydraulic radius; s = slope; n = Manning coefficient negatief verhang Channel slope that rises in the direction of flow. langzame overgang The computation of the effects of reservoir storage and longer period oscillations in pipe systems sneeuw smelt module Algorithm used to model the accumulation and melt of snow in precipitation-runoff models. op basis van sociale The social rate of discount is used by public agencies to discount future benefits and costs of public projects, such as in prijzen berekend the water sector. Generally, a lower value may be chosen for justifying projects of greater national importance, and a economisch higher value may be chosen for projects in private sectors. kortingspercentage socio-economisch domein The socio-economic modelling domain comprises all modelling activities related to socio-economic aspects. opgeloste stof A substance dissolved in a solution. Salts are the solute in saltwater.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Solution

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip oplossing

Source Specific capacity

bron specifieke capaciteit

Specific discharge

specifieke afvoer

Specific discharge (from a basin) Specific heat Specific retention

specifieke afvoer (uit een basin) specifieke warmte specifieke berging

Specific storage Specific yield

specifieke opslag specifieke opbrengst

Spill spillway

Spillover overfall

Spillway capacity Spillway design flood Spillway design flood spur

Stability Staff gauge Stage (of a stream) Stage, falling Stage, rising Stage, warning Stagnation point Stakeholder

Standing crop

01-11-06

groin; groyne; Bankhead; jetty; spurdike; dike; transverse

overstroming overlaat overlaat capaciteit overlaat ontwerp hoogwater overlaat ontwerp niveau strekdam

stabiliteit staff gage; peilschaal stage gauge; stage gage peil (van een waterloop) dalend peil stijgend peil hoogwaterpeil stagnatie punt belanghebbende

wildstand

Description A state in which a solute is homogeneously mixed with a liquid solvent. Water is the solvent for the solution that is ocean water. In fluid dynamics, point (or line) where stream lines diverge. An expression of the productivity of a well, obtained by dividing the rate of discharge of water from the well by the drawdown of water in the well. Specific capacity should be described on the basis of the number of hours of pumping prior to the time the An apparent velocity calculated from Darcy's law; represents the flow rate at which water would flowin in an aquifer if the aquifer was an open conduit. Also known as Darcian flow velocity. Discharge per unit area. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a given substance 1°C. For water it is 1 calorie. The ratio of the volume of water that the rock or sediment will retain against the pull of gravity to the total volume of the rock or sediment. The volume of water released from or taken into storage per unit volume of a permeable medium per unit change in head. The ratio of the volume of water that a permeable medium will yield by gravity drainage to the volume of the permeable medium. Flow from a reservoir above the spillway crest Waterway in or about a dam or other hydraulic structure for the escape of excess flood waters, in the form of an open channel or closed conduit. Maximum discharge of water for which a spillway has been designed. Flood used for the design of a dam spillway maximum flood flow that could be passed without damage or serious threat to the stability of engineering structures. Structure built from the bank of a stream in a direction transverse to the current.

Property of a numerical method for which the solution errors converge to a finite limit as the number of time steps or iterations goes to infinity. Graduated scale used to indicate the height of the water surface in a stream channel, reservoir, lake, etc. Elevation of the water surface of a stream relative to a datum. (see also water level) Water level of a stream which drops continuously during a certain period. Water stage in a stream which increases continuously during a certain period. Stage at which damage or inconvenience due to a flood begins locally near a particular gauge. Point at which the velocity is zero. The interested parties, i.e. those with a stake in the water management issue, either their interest is in exploiting or protecting the resource. Stakeholders include the following different groups: (i) competent water resource authority; (ii) interest groups; and (iii) general public. The water manager typically belong to one of the first two groups. The biomass of a population present at any given time.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Station, hydrometric Stationary model Statistical Model Steady State Step

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip hydrometrisch station

Steady-state stationair model model statistisch model stabiele status stap

Stochastic Model

stochastisch model

Stochasticity

stochasticiteit

Storage Storage Storage capacity, available Storage coefficient (storativity)

berging berging beschikbare bergingscapaciteit bergingscoefficient

Storage, dead Storage, valley Storm

onderdrempel berging totale berging storm

Stream

stroom

Stream Stream center line

stroom middenlijn (van een stroming) stroomfunctie

Stream function Stream gauging

Stream gaging

stroommeting

Stream profile Stream tube Streamflow Streamline Submerge Submerge

stroomprofiel stroombuis stroming stroomlijn onderdompelen verdronken

Substrate

substraat

01-11-06

Description Station at which data on water in rivers, lakes or reservoirs are obtained on one or more of the following elements: stage, streamflow, sediment transport and deposition, water temperature and other physical properties of water, characteristics of ice cover and chemical properties of water. A model that is not dynamic, i.e. a model where everything is considered stationary in time. A model based on statistical techniques, such as probabilistic laws or regression equations. It means that at any point in the system the average flow conditions do not vary with time HarmoniQuA decompoese the modelling process into five major steps and 45 tasks. The five steps are: 1. Model Study Plan 2. Data and Conceptualisation 3. Model Set-up 4. Calibration and Validation 5. Simulation and Evaluation A model that includes variability in model parameters and variables. The solutions obtained by the model is therefore a function of both the deterministic input and model structure and the random variability. Fluctuations in physical, chemical, biological and ecological processes that are due to natural variability and inherent randomness volume of water stored. Impounding of water in surface or underground reservoirs, for future use Volume of water in a reservoir between the minimum and the maximum water levels during operating conditions. The volume of water released or taken into storage per unit surface area of the permeable medium per unit change in head. It is equal to the product of the specific storage and saturated thickness. In an unconfined aquifer, the storativity is equal to the the specific yield. Storage volume which cannot be released under normal conditions. Volume of water stored between any two specified points along a stream, including both the channel and the flood plain. Any disturbed state of the atmosphere, especially as affecting the earth's surface, and strongly implying destructive or otherwise unpleasant weather. water flowing in an open or closed conduit, a jet of water issuing from an orifice, or a body of flowing groundwater. (see also current; river; watercourse) Body of water, generally flowing in a natural surface channel Line connecting the successive centers of cross sections of a stream. Mathematical function, used mainly in two-dimensional flows (e.g. in plane or axisymmetric flows), the value of which is constant along a stream line (or stream sheet) and the increment (or decrement) of which gives the discharge between two neighbouring stream lines (or stream sheets). Operation of measuring the velocities, depths and width for the purpose of determining the discharge. Profile along the axis of flow of a stream showing the elevation of the bottom of the stream. Surface formed by stream lines passing through a closed curve (which is not a stream line). General term for water flowing in a stream or river channel. A line (commonly transverse to groundwater level contours) that represents the flow path for a particle of water. Act of putting something under water conditions of a weir when the elevation of the water surface on the downstream side is equal to or higher than that of the weir crest. The base on which an organism lives and grows.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Succession Surcharge Surface water quality domain

Afkorting Synoniem

Suspended material Tailrace Tailwater Tank Task Thalweg Theis equation Thermal effluent Thermal effluent pollution

Thermal stratification Thermocline Three-point method Throttle Control Valve

TCV

Time of concentration Time series Time step (of a given model) Torrent Tortuosity Total dissolved solids

TDS

Total dissolved solids Total mercury Total Organic Carbon

T-Hg TOC

01-11-06

Begrip opvolging toeslag oppervlaktewater kwaliteit domein

Description The sequential, systematic, replacement of species by other species in a biological system. Condition in which the hydraulic gradient is higher than the soffit of a pipe. The flow is pressurised. The surface water quality modelling domain comprises water quality processes in all surface water elements such as: - River systems including flood plain, lakes and reservoirs - Estuaries and coastal waters The surface water quality domain in HarmoniQuA corresponds to the water quality aspects in 'river' 'lake' 'transitional water' and 'coastal water' as these terms are defined in the Water Framework Directive. zwevend stof The part of the sediment load that is in suspension. Inorganic and organic particles that are suspended in water. The term includes fine sand-, silt-, and clay-size particles as well as other solids such as biological materials suspended in the water column. afvoerleiding Channel which conducts water away from water wheel or turbine. waterpeil benedenstrooms Water located just downstream from a hydraulic structure on a stream. van de uitlaat tank An element of the network. It is placed at points in the water distribution model where a water storage tank is located. Storage tanks are distinguished from reservoirs in that the tank?s water surface level changes with time as water flows into and out of the tank. taak HarmoniQuA decompoese the modelling process into five major steps and 45 tasks. dalweg Line following the deepest part of a streambed or channel or of a valley. vergelijking van Theis An equation describing the unsteady flow of groundwater in a fully confined aquifer in response to pumping. thermisch effluent In nuclear and thermal power plants, large quantities of water is used as cooling water and sent back to the sea or surface water. The water discharged following the cooling process is slightly warm from the heat of vapour. For this reason, it is called thermische effluent Thermal effluent pollution refers to damage caused by thermal effluent discharged from nuclear or thermal power plants vervuiling where large quantities of cooling water are used. A sudden water temperature rise in the body of water into which thermal effluent is discharged causes serious damage to the physiological functions of fish and shellfish, which do not have homothermal blood. thermische stratificatie Thermal stratification refers to stratum formation by light (warm) water in the upper stratum ad heavy (colder) water in the lower stratum. thermocline A layer of water in which a rapid change in temperature can be measured in the vertical dimension. driepuntsmethode for determining the mean velocity in a vertical of a stream of depth d on the basis of velocity observations at depths 0.15d, 0.5d, 0.85d below the water surface. reduceerklep It is used to simulate partially closed valves by adjusting the minor head loss coefficient of the valve. A relationship between the degree to which the valve is closed and the resulting head loss coefficient is typically available from the valve manufacturer. concentratietijd Period of time required for storm runoff to flow to the outlet from the point of a drainage basin having the longest travel time. tijdserie Temporal sequence of consecutive data. tijdstap (van een gegeevn Unit interval of time used by discrete model for time series simulations. model) schietend water Watercourse having a supercritical slope, flowing in general with great velocity and turbulence. bochtigheidscoëfficiënt Ratio of the actual length of a stream channel measured between two points along its center line to the shortest (straight line) distance between those points. totaal opgeloste stof The total of disintegrated organic and inorganic material contained in water. Excesses can make water unfit to drink or use in industrial processes. totaal opgeloste vaste stof A measure of the salinity of water, usually expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). totaal kwik Total mercury refers to the aggregate of mercury compounds, both organic and inorganic. totale organische koolstof Total organic carbon in water and sediment is primarily of natural origin. However, due to its strong tendency to absorb

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Total Oxygen Demand

TOD

Total solids Total suspended solids

TSS

Toxic pollutant

Toxic substance Toxicity

Tradable abstraction rights Trade-offs transfer function

routing function

Begrip

Description contaminants, it may often be used as an indicator of the degree of sediment or water contamination. TOC indicates a total amount of a totaal zuurstof verbruik Total oxygen demand is an indicator of the degree of contamination in rivers, lakes, marshes, the sea and various types of waste water. TOD, a total amount of oxygen consumption required for complete oxidation of all types of pollutants existing in water, both organic and inorganic, is obtained by the actual combustion of a sample at 9000C with the aid of a catalyst. BOD and COD, similar indicators in use for some time, have the tendency of measuring only a portion of organic substances since they are not completely oxidized in some cases. Compared to these indicators, TOD has the advantages of full measurement of oxidizing matter made possible by complete combustion and a measuring time reduced to several minutes. totale vaste stof The sum of dissolved and undissolved constituents in wastewater, usually stated in milligrams per litre. totaal zwevend stof Total inorganic and organic particles that are suspended in water. The term includes fine sand-, silt-, and clay-size particles as well as other solids such as biological materials suspended in the water column. toxische vervuiling Pollutants, or combinations of pollutants, including disease-causing agents, that after discharge and upon exposure, ingestion, inhalation, or assimilation into any organism, either directly from the environment or indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutations, physiological malfunctions, or physical deformation in such organism or their offspring. toxische verontreinigende Any chemical or material that has evidence of an acute or chronic health hazard; causes cancer or reproductive effects in stof animals at any dose level, and poses unreasonable risk of injury to the environment. toxiciteit The degree of danger posed by a substance to animal or plant life. Level of mortality by a group of organisms that have been affected by the properties of a substance, such as contaminated water, sediment, or dredged material. A term describing the limit of intolerance of organisms to survive lethal chronic or short-term subjection to certain chemical and contaminating substances or physical and environmental conditions. verhandelbare Legal rights to abstract water; they can be bought and sold. afleidingsrechten afwegingen Measure the values or benefits lost due to achieving alternative objectives (for instance, hampering the economic development in favour of restoring water quality). overdrachtsfunctie Mathematical equations and tools responsible for the transfer of effective rainfall over the catchment to the outlet.

Transmissivity

doorlaatbaarheid

Transparency

transparantie

Transpiration Travel time

transpiratie looptijd

Tributylxin

TBT

Organotin

Tributyltin

Trophic condition

trofische voorwaarde

Trophic level

trofisch niveau

Turbidity

troebelheid

01-11-06

The rate at which water at a prevailing density and viscosity is transmitted through a unit width of an aquifer or confining unit under a unit hydraulic gradient. It is a function of the properties of the media, fluid and thickness of the media. Transparency is an indicator of the degree of water contamination as expressed by its clarity. To measure transparency, a Secchi Disk is submerged, and a depth of water (length of a rope attached to the disk) at which the disk becomes invisible from above is expressed as transparency. See Secchi Disk. The process by which water in plants is transferred to the atmosphere as water vapour. Time elapsing between passage of a water parcel or packet, e.g. a flood wave, down an open channel between a given point and another point downstream. An extremely toxic marine anti-fouling agent. Concentrations as low as two parts per trillion can affect marine life. Banned in most European countries for use on boats greater than 25 m in length. A characterisation of lakes’s biological productivity based on the availability of plant nutrients. The range of trophic conditions is characterized by the terms oligotrophic for the least biologically productive, to eutrophic for the most biologically productive. A nourishment level in a food chain. Plant producers constitute the lowest level, followed by herbivores and a series of carnivores at the higher levels. Reduced water clarity resulting from the presence of suspended matter. Turbidity, a unit indicating a degree of impurities in water, is used in tests of water and waste water turbidness. The turbidity of 1 liter of water containing 1 mg of kaolin is set at 1 degree of turbidity.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels Turbulence Turbulence Turbulent flow Turing tests Two-point method Uncertainty analysis Unconfined aquifer Ungauged catchment Unsaturated zone Unsaturated zone Upstream Value added Vaporous cavitation Variable

Velocity curve Velocity head Velocity potential Velocity, average Velocity, surface Velocity-area method Velocity-contour method Vertebrate Viscosity Viscosity, absolute

Viscosity, kinematic

01-11-06

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip turbulentie

Description Agitation superimposed on the average flow, and composed of fluid motions which are uncoordinated and in a state of continuous change turbulentie agitation of water or airflow characterized by cross-currents and eddies. turbelente stroming The liquid is mixing between layers of fluid Turing test Knowledgeable individuals are asked if they can discriminate between system and model outputs. tweepunts methode Method for determining the mean velocity in a vertical in a stream of depth d on the basis of velocity observations at depths 0.2d and 0.8d below the water surface. onzekerheids analyse Quantification of uncertainty in model results due to incomplete knowledge of model parameters, input data, boundary conditions and conceptual model. In an uncertainty analysis the combined effects of these uncertainties are taken into account. aquifer met freatisch water An aquifer that contains the water table and is normally exposed to the surface. Occasionally there may be a lowpermeability layer overlying this type of aquifer protecting it from the surface. onbemeten aanvoergebied A catchment where the input (streamflow) measurement necessary for model calibration is not available. niet-verzadigde zone The zone between the land surface and the water table. It includes the root zone, intermediate zone and capillary fringe. The pore spaces contain water at less than atmospheric pressure, as well as air and othre gases. Saturated bodies, such as perched groundwater, may exist in the unsaturated zone. Vadose zone niet-verzadigde zone The zone between the land surface and the water table. It includes the root zone, intermediate zone and capillary fringe. The pore spaces contain water at less than atmospheric pressure, as well as air and othre gases. Saturated bodies, such as perched groundwater, may exist in the unsaturated zone. bovenstrooms In the direction opposite to the main current. toegevoegde waarde In any production unit, the difference between the value of output and the value of purchased inputs. vaporeuze cavitatie If there is little air in the liquid, so that the cavity consists almost exclusively of vapour, the growth and collapse rates and the pressures generated upon cavity collapse are extremely high and cause severe damage. Input variabele A quantity that varies in time. Variables may be divided into state variables (or internal variables), input variables and Variable; output variables. Output Variable; state Variable snelheidscurve Curve of distribution of the mean velocity along a vertical or horizontal line in the cross section of a stream or current. snelheidshoogte Theoretical height to which a liquid particle could be elevated by its kinetic energy. snelheidspotentiaal Mathematical scalar function such that its positive or negative gradient at a point yields the velocity vector at that point. Velocity, gemiddelde snelheid In stream, discharge divided by the normal cross-sectional area. mean oppervlakte snelheid Velocity of water at the water surface snelheid-oppervlakte Method of measuring the discharge of streams by determining the velocity of the flowing water at a number of points over methode the cross section and measuring the area of the cross section at the site of measurement. snelheid-contour methode Determination of the discharge of a stream by measuring the areas between successive isovelsgewervelde Animals which: (a) possess a skull; and (b) a notochord (backbone) which stops beneath the forebrain. Includes fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. viscositeit The property of a fluid describing its resistance to flow. Units of viscosity are newton-seconds per meter squared or pascal-seconds. Viscosity is also known as dynamic viscosity. absolute viscositeit Numerical factor which is a measure of the internal resistance of a fluid to flow; the greater the resistance to flow the large the coefficient. It is equal to the shearing force in dynes per square centimeter transmitted from one fluid plane to another parallel plane 1 cm distant, and is generated by a difference in fluid velocities in direction of the force. The coefficient varies with temperature. (Asce nomenclature for hydraulics.) kinematische viscositeit Ratio of absolute viscosity expressed in poises (grams per centimeter second) to the density in grams per cubic

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels

Afkorting Synoniem

Begrip

Visualisation techniques

visualatie technieken

Volatile organic compound Warm-up period Water

vluchtige organische verbinding opwarm periode water

Water balance Water hammer

waterbalans waterslag

Water level

waterstand

Water level, steady Water management Water Manager

stabiele waterstand waterbeheer water manager

Water productivity Water quality criteria

manager; client

productiviteit (van het water) Water quality waterkwaliteitscriteria standards

Water quality toxicity limits

waterkwaliteit toxiciteitslimieten

Water resources Water services

watervoorraad waterdiensten

Water table Water uses

grondwaterspiegel watergebruik

Water way Water, stagnant Water, surface Watercourse Watercourse

vaargeul stagnant water oppervlaktewater waterloop waterloop

Waterfall

waterval

01-11-06

Description centimeter, at room temperature (Asce nomenclature for hydraulics.) Time series plots and other visual displays form the basis for comparisons between system and model. Validation is often subjectively described. Any compound containing carbon and hydrogen or containing carbon and hydrogen in combination with any other element which has a vapour pressure of 77.6 mm Hg or greater under storage conditions. Period used for model initialisation. Liquid phase of a chemical compound consisting of approximately two parts by weight of hydrogen and 16 parts by weight of oxygen. In nature it contains small amounts of heavy water, gases and solids (mainly salts) in solution. Balance of water flows, see balance. Very rapid pressure wave in a conduit due to a sudden change flow. (see also surge) Elevation of the free-water surface of a body of water relative to a datum level. (see also stage) Water level which remains constant in time. Planned development, distribution and use of water resources. A water manager is the person or organisation responsible for the management or protection of the water resource, and thus of the modelling study and its outcome (the problem owner). The water manager is the counterpart of the modeller. If the water manager and the modeller belong to different organisations their roles will typically be denoted client and consultant, respectively A sector's production of goods and services (measured in value-added terms) divided by the amount of water used. Any enforceable limitation, control, condition, prohibition, standard, or other requirement for water quality, which is promulgated. A scientific requirement on which a decision or judgement may be based concerning the suitability of water quality to support a designated use. The levels of pollutants chosen are consistent with various uses of water, i.e., drinking water, sport fishing, industrial use. Standards established by regulatory bodies may not only limit the concentration of certain pollutants, but also set a limit to the number of violations per year. That concentration of a toxic pollutant in water that, based upon available data, will not result in adverse impact on important aquatic life, or on consumers of such aquatic life, after exposure of that aquatic life for periods of time exceeding 96 hours Supply of water in a given area or basin interpreted in terms of availability of surface and underground water. Water-related services may include abstraction of the resource, production of water for different purposes (such as domestic, industrial), conveyance and distribution to end users (agriculture, industries, households), collection of wastewater, treatment and recycling back to water bodies, and flood control. The surface in an unconfined aquifer or confining bed at which the pore pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure. Water is used for a number of purposes: Water supply for drinking water, irrigation, and industry (including food production), as a recipient of waste water from the public sector, industry and agriculture, for transport, for energy production, for recreation, riverine and other ecosystems, and Biodiversity. Navigable width of river, channel, lake, etc. Water in some part of river, lake, pool or groundwater not moving of flowing. Water which flows over or is stored on the ground surface. Natural or artificial channel through which water flows rather continuously or intermittently (e.g. seasonally) natural stream not wholly dependent on surface water in the immediate vicinity, flowing along a bed between visible banks or through a depression (e.g. ravine, swamp) in surrounding lands, having a definite and permanent or periodic supply of water and a perceptible current in a particular direction and discharging at a fixed point into a body of still or flowing water (lake, larger stream, sea) or disappearing underground. Vertical fall or the very steep descent of a stream water.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Naam Engels water-level recorder

Wave

Afkorting Synoniem Begrip river gauge; waterstandsmeter limnigraph; Stage gauge, recording golf

Wave Speed Weir

golfsnelheid overlaat

Weir, broad crested Weir, contracted Weir, free Well - full penetrating

overlaat met brede kruin scherpe overlaat volkomen overlaat volkomen bron

Well - partially penetrating Well efficiency

onvolkomen bron efficiency van een bron

Well screen

filter

Wetlands

waterrijke gebieden

Wetted area Wetted perimeter

natte oppervlakte natte omtrek

Willingness to pay

bereidheid tot betalen

Yield - safe

veilige opbrengst

Yield - sustainable

duurzame opbrengst

Zooplankton

zooplanton

01-11-06

Description Instrument recording water levels in the course of time.

Disturbance in the body of water propagated at a constant or varying speed (celerity), often of an oscillatory nature, accompanied by alternate rise and fall of surface fluid particles. The speed of liquid which is occurred by sudden event in a pipe Low barrier across a stream for diverting, controlling, stopping or measuring the flow. (see also barrage; barrier; dam; barrage-reservoir) Weir with a horizontal or nearly horizontal appreciable crest width in the direction of flow. Weir having a crest that does not extend across the whole channel width. Weir the flow of which is not affected by submergence or by the existence of tail water. A well drilled to the bottom of an aquifer and constructed in such a way that it withdraws water from the entire thickness of the aquifer. A well constructed in such a way that it draws water directly from a fractional part of the total thickness of the aquifer. The ratio of the idealised drawdown in a well, where there are no head losses in the well screen and sand pack, to the actual measured drawdown in the well. A tubular device with either slots, holes, gauze or continuous-wire wrap; used at the end of a well casing to complete the well. Water enters a well through the well screen. Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support ? and that under normal circumstances do support ? a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. That part of the cross-sectional area of a stream offlowing water which is under water. Length of the wetted contact between a stream of flowing water and its containing channel, measured in a direction normal to flow. A monetary measure of the value a consumer, a producer or the society would pay to have a specified change in quantity or quality of a good or service (such as water). The amount of naturally occurring groundwater that can be economically and legally withdrawn from an aquifer on a sustained basis without inmpairing the native groundwater quality or creating an undesirable effect such as environmental damage. It cannot exceed the increase in recharge or leakage from adjacent strata plus the reduction in discharge that is due to the decline in head caused by pumping. That portion of the long term average annual recharge which can be extracted each year without causing unacceptable impacts on groundwater users or the environment. The animal component of the plankton. Tiny aquatic animals that fish feed on.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Begrippen zonder vertaling Onderstaande begrippen konden niet door IDsW naar een goed Nederlands begrip vertaald worden. Dit wil niet zeggen dat er geen goede vertaling is, maar eerder dat deze nog niet is tegengekomen. Naam Engels Basic job complexity

Description A project is characterised as having a basic job complexity when relatively small efforts and resources are required to carry out the modelling study. Studies in preliminary phases of a planning study aiming at a pre-screening of alternatives for subsequent more detailed study later on could e.g. be characterised as belonging to this category. The HarmoniQuA guidelines for basic job complexity is the simplest version of the guidelines, and it includes less tasks activities than e.g. the 'comprehensive' category. Check Ground Levels Identify those points where the lowest connected ground level is significantly lower than the manhole cover levels given on the public sewers. This should be done using existing flood information, an inspection of ground profiles, and from local knowledge. These levels should then be used in place of the cover levels of the manholes. Comprehensive job complexity A project is characterised as having a comprehensive job complexity when significant efforts and resources are required to carry out the modelling study. The HarmoniQuA guidelines for comprehensive job complexity is the most comprehensive version of the guidelines. Confluence Joining, or the place of junction, of two or more streams. Control sections Reach of a stream channel in which there exists a unique discharge-stage relationship Control, complete Control where the elevation of the water surface above the control is entirely independent of the water level downstream. Control, natural Reach of stream channel where natural conditions exist that make water level above it a stable index of the discharge. Control, partial Control where the fluctuations of the water level downstream of the control have some effect on the discharge. Control, shifting Control in which there is a change in stage-discharge relationship resulting from physical changes in the stream. Cross section, compound Cross section in which the width suddenly increases above a certain level. Direct-search procedure Optimisation algorithm that searches deterministically parameter values starting from an initial set of parameters. Environmental assimilating capacity Human beings maintain life by harnessing resources in the environment into necessary objects or directly consuming natural resources. Wastes produced in these processes are returned to the environment, where they are assimilated into ecosystems, purified Environmental flows A term originating in South Africa and Australia to describe the use of freshwater science and hydrology to manage the ecological impact of river regulation. Event-based model Model that is run only on some specific events (typically flood events). Force-fitting It is the process of making arbitrary changes to a model to make it fit observed data and should not be undertaken. Fractured rock aquifer Occur in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks that have been subjected to disturbance, deformation or weathering, and which allow water to move through joints, bedding planes and faults. Typically, fractured rock aquifers contain much less available Ice brake-up Break-up is the process of destruction of an ice cover on water surface due to seasonal warming. Inclusive fitness Includes genes shared with others. Instream flows A term originating in North America that describes the use of freshwater science and hydrology to manage the ecological impact of river regulation. Intermediate job complexity A project is characterised as having an intermediate job complexity when relatively moderate efforts and resources are required to carry out the modelling study. The HarmoniQuA guidelines for intermediate job complexity is the medium version of the guidelines, as it includes more tasks and activities than the 'basic' category, but less than the 'compresensive' category. Nappe Sheet of water overflowing a weir or a fall. Nappe, free Nappe the underside of which is not in contact with overflow structure and so is at ambient pressure on all sides. Parsimony The parsimony principle implies that a conceptual model has been simplified as much as possible, yet it retains enough complexity so that it adequately represents the physical system and its behaviour. Pressure Sustaining Valve It attempts to maintain a minimum pressure at their upstream node when the downstream node pressure is below the PSV setting. If the downstream pressure is above the setting, flow through the valve is unrestricted. Should the downstream nodal pressure exceed the upstream nodal pressure, and then the valve closes to prevent reverse flow. Salt front The inland limit of measurable salt (0.5 parts per thousand) in an estuary at any given time. Sink In fluid dynamics, point (or line) where stream line converge. Skeletal Planning Model This type of model has specific objectives which could be catchment wide or could apply to only a small part of a large catchment. Soil Moisture Accounting procedure Procedure based on a store or index of a P-R model to account of previous moisture and climatic conditions.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Source Tracing Spill Stage, bankfull Stream order Stream, braided Surge see Traces Tributary Turtosity Vena contracta Water Age Water way Well development

01-11-06

The percentage of water reaching each network node from a selected source (origin) node excess water which cannot be utilized for hydroelectric power and by-passes the plant. Stage at which a stream just overflows its natural banks. Number expressing the degree of branching in a stream system. River with an extremely wide and shallow channel, within the normal river flow passes through a number of smaller interlaced channels separated by bars or shoals. Rapid increase or decrease in flow, elevation or pressure which passes longitudinally along a conduit as a wave, due sudden changes in velocity. It may be undulating or breaking. (see also water hammer) The behaviour of specific variables is traced through the model and through simulations to determine if the behaviour is correct and if necessary accuracy is obtained. Watercourse flowing into a larger watercourse or into lake. The actual length of a groundwater flow path, which is sinuous in form, divided by the straight-line distance between the ends of the flow path. Minimum cross section of a jet of fluid discharging from an orifice or over a weir. It reports the water age at each time step for any network node, assuming an initial age zero at the start of the simulation width of opening for the passage of water, e.g. between piers. The process whereby a well is pumped or surged to remove any fine material that may be blocking the well screen or the aquifer outside of the well screen.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Potentiele wijzigingen

x

x

x

x N H

Deze tabel laat die begrippen zien die zowel in het huidige AquoLex voorkomen als in HarmoniQua. Er wordt gevraagd kritisch naar deze lijst te kijken en aan te geven voor welk begrip de voorkeur is. Hierbij zijn de geel gekleurde begrippen steeds de begrippen uit HarmoniQua. Begrippen uit de hydrologische woordenlijst zijn gemerkt door een kruisje in de blauwe (eerste) kolom. Begrip (engels) abiotic

Begrip (Nederlands) abiotisch

Definitie Behorende tot de niet-levende natuur.

Abiotic

Abiotisch

absorption

absorptie

Absorption

Absorptie

background value

achtergrondwaarde

Background level

Achtergrondwaarde

activity Activity

Activiteit Activiteit

Acute toxicity

Acute toxiciteit

acute toxity adsorption

acute toxiteit adsorptie

Pertaining to the non-biological (e.g. physical and chemical) factors which affect ecosystems and populations or characterized by the absence of life or living organisms. De overgang van een component naar een ander medium. In de biologie ook specifieker: de beweging van een stof (bijvoorbeeld pesticide) vanuit de omgeving (bijvoorbeeld water) door een biologisch membraan naar een organisme. Assimilation of molecules or other substances into the physical International Navigation Association (2000) structure of a liquid or solid without chemical reaction. An example Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, is the absorption of water into soil. Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. In het kader van bodemverontreiniging meestal het van nature in de In Vlaanderen is de achtergrondwaarde aan de bodem aanwezige gehalte aan verontreinigende stoffen. hand van het Bodemdecreet vastgelegd. In Nederland wordt de achtergrondwaarde veelal door lokale en provinciale overheden vastgelegd, voor zover deze boven de streefwaarde ligt. Achtergrondswaarden zijn gedifferentieerd naar type substraat The level of pollutants present in ambient air, water, soil or any International Navigation Association (2000) other medium from natural sources. Also called Background Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, concentration. Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. een bepaalde werkzaamheid, verrichting Each task in HarmoniQuA is decomposed into a number of activites comprising descriptions of things to be done within the specific tasks. Severe biological harm and, often, mortality of organisms that have Adapted been affected by the properties of a substance, such as contaminated sediment. The acute toxicity is determined by quantifying the mortality of appropriate sensitive organisms that are ex Giftigheid van een stof na eenmalige toediening De hechting van verbindingen in oplossingen aan het oppervlak van vaste stoffen.

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Toelichting

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Bron Uit en thuisboek, Stichting het Limburgs Landschap, 1996 http://www.allwords.com/glossaryPage.php

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Adsorption

Begrip (Nederlands) Adsorptie

Definitie Toelichting Adhesion of an extremely thin layer of molecules (as of gas, solids or liquids) to the surface of solid or liquids with which they are in contact.

advection

advectie

Het proces waarbij een atmosferische grootheid wordt getransporteerd door de horizontale beweging in de atmosfeer (wind).

Advection

Advectie

run-off

afstroming

The process by which the solutes are transported by motion of the flowing groundwater Het transport van water uit een bepaald (stroom-)gebied.

Runoff

afstroming

The water, derived from precipitation, that ultimately reaches streams, rivers and lakes. Runoff is composed of three elements: (1) direct or surface runoff which results from over-surface and channel flow, (2) interflow runoff which is below the surface but above the water table, and (3) base flow runoff (ground water).

discharge Discharge

afvoer Afvoer

Debiet uit een gebied. The volume of water flowing in a stream or aquifer past a specific point in a given period of time.

flood wave

afvoergolf

Flood wave

afvoergolf

Een aanmerkelijke, betrekkelijk kortdurende verhoging van de afvoer, gekenmerkt door een snelle was, gevolgd door een tragere val. Rise in streamflow to a crest, and its subsequent recession, caused by a period of precipitation, snow melt, dam failure or hydroelectric plant releases. Peil van het buitenwater waarbij beheerders van primaire waterkeringen en colleges van Gedeputeerde Staten worden gewaarschuwd voor het nemen van passende maatregelen. Water level (stage) at, or approaching, flood level which is considered to be dangerous and at which warnings should be commenced.

Alarmeringspeil

Ook de verandering per tijdseenheid in de waarde van een zekere grootheid X op een zeker punt, waarbij u en v de windcomponenten zijn in x- en yrichting Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co. Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr. 16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd) National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm. Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986.

Alarm level

alarmeringspeil

algae

algen

Een of meercellige fotoautotrofe organismen.

Algae

Algen

One-celled or many-celled plants that have no root, stem or leaf systems. Simple plants. See Phytoplankton. Het onder invloed van toegevoerde voedingsstoffen massaal vooral fosfor- en stikstofverbindingen dienen als toenemen van bepaalde soorten algen. voedingsstoffen A sudden growth of algae in an aquatic ecosystem, a characteristic symptom of eutrophication. It can occur naturally in spring or early

algenbloei Algal bloom

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Algenbloei

Bron International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. Met begrip van de zogenoemde cyanobacteriën, die Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut, Water chlorofyl en andere gekleurde pigmenten bevatten. Termen en definities. NEN 6599, 1e druk, Zij leven meestal in water en zijn in staat om hun januari 1991 (gewijzigd) - vertaald uit ISO celmateriaal op te bouwen door fotosynthese. 6107-7-2

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Marechal, P., Woordenwijzer Ecologie. Reaal Uitgevers, Lisse, 1991 International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms,

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x

x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie Toelichting summer when primary production exceeds consumption by aquatic herbivores. Algal blooms may also be induced by nutrient

algorithm

algoritme

Algorithm

Algoritme

Lijst van stappen om met een computerprogramma een probleem op te lossen. A precise rule (or set of rules) for solving a problem.

alkalinity

alkaliteit

Alkalinity

alkaliteit

anoxic

Anoxisch

Anoxic

Anoxisch

aquitard

aquitard

Geologische formatie met een in vergelijking tot een aquifer lage doorlatendheid (bijvoorbeeld een kleipakket).

Aquitard

aquitard

bank

bank

A relatively low-permeable layer or bed in a stratigraphic sequence. These layers may be permeable enough to transmit water in quantities that are significant in the study of regional groundwater flow, but their permeability is not sufficient to allow the Ondiepte ontstaan door sedimentatie of erosie van de omgeving. Blijft in de regel bij laag water onder water

Shoal

bank

base flow

basisafvoer

Baseflow

basisafvoer

brook | creek

beek

Brook

beek

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Het vermogen van water om zuur op te nemen (zuurbufferend vermogen), meestal tot een pH van 4,5 is bereikt. The measurable ability of solutions or aqueous suspensions to neutralize an acid.

Bron Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) Draft guidance on the development, evaluation and application of regulatory environmental models. The Council for Regulatory Environmental Modelling, US EPA.

Gewoonlijk gelijk aan de som van HCO3 - en CO3 2- in meq l -1. Frick GW (1984) Environmental Glossary. Rockville: Government Institutes. 325 pp. (Terms extracted from Â?Development of Environmental StatisticsÂ?, Glossary of Environmental Terms (Â?)).

geen zuurstof, maar wel nitraat (waarin gebonden zuurstof) aanwezig Deficient in or lacking oxygen.

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. De horizontale stroming in een aquitard is zeer gering, terwijl wel aanzienlijke verticale stroming mogelijk is. Freeze RA and Cherry JA (1979) Groundwater. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986, gewijzigd

Submerged bar of sand, resulting from natural deposition on a river bed Trage afvoer - dat deel van de afvoer dat als gevolg van De berging kan plaatsvinden in de bodem, in meren Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, langdurige berging eerst na geruime tijd tot stand komt. (waaronder stuwmeren), in de vorm van sneeuw CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'senz. Gravenhage, 1986, gewijzigd Part of the discharge which enters a stream channel mainly from groundwater, but also from lakes and glaciers during long periods when no precipitation or snowmelt occurs. Complementary to quickflow. Een natuurlijke smalle waterloop zonder getij. Voor deze term zijn vele streekbenamingen in omloop. Small, shallow stream usually in continuous flow in somewhat turbulent manner. (see also creek)

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Creek

Begrip (Nederlands) beek

x

x

belasting

Definitie Toelichting Natural stream of water, normally smaller than, and often tributary to, a river. (see also brook) De totale hoeveelheid van een stof die in een watersysteem terecht Afkomstig vanuit alle mogelijke bronnen, zoals komt. directe lozingen, atmosferische depositie, aanvoer via rivier, polderspui en/of oceaan. The quantity off a substance or material carried or transported by a river (and its associated hydrological processes).

Load

belasting

benthic Benthic

benthisch Benthisch

Op of in substraat levend Of, pertaining to, or living on or in the bottom of the water body; upon or attached to the bottom.

storage

berging

Storage Storage coefficient (storativity)

berging bergingscoefficient

Het volume water dat aanwezig is binnen een bepaald gebied, Bij grondmonsters wordt veelal gesproken van eventueel gespecificeerd in een nader aan te geven deel van de vochtinhoud. grond. volume of water stored. The volume of water released or taken into storage per unit surface area of the permeable medium per unit change in head. It is equal to the product of the specific storage and saturated thickness. In an unconfined aquifer, the storativity is equal to the the specific yield. Het quotiënt van de verandering in specifieke berging en de Het symbool ( wordt meestal gebruikt voor een bijbehorende verandering van de stijghoogte c.q. grondwaterstand. freatische watervoerende laag, terwijl S voor een geheel of gedeeltelijk afgesloten watervoerende laag wordt gebruikt. De gevoeligheid van een meetontwerp voor modelfouten gevoeligheid / controleerbaarheid The confidence that (potential) users have in a model and in the information derived from the model such that they are willing to use the model and the derived information.

storage coefficient | bergingscoëfficiënt storativity reliability Reliability

Betrouwbaarheid betrouwbaarheid

population

bevolking

Population

bevolking biologisch zuurstofverbruik

Biochemical Oxygen Biologisch Demand zuurstofverbruik

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Bron

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Substraat is veelal de waterbodem International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

zij die hun woonplaats hebben in het gebied (GBA ingeschrevenen de plaatselijke bevolking is aan het evacueren en illegalen) A group of individuals with common ancestry that are much more likely to mate with one another than with individuals from another such group. De massaconcentratie van opgeloste zuurstof, die onder voorgeschreven omstandigheden bij biologische oxydatie van organische en/of anorganische materie in water, wordt verbruikt. The amount of dissolved oxygen required during the aerobic decomposition of organic matter in a body of water. Or, a measure of the quantity of oxygen used in the biochemical oxidation of carbonaceous and nitrogenous compounds in a specified time, at a sp

47 van 85

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

HTW Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) Draft guidance on the development, evaluation and application of regulatory environmental models. The Council for Regulatory Environmental Modelling, US EPA. http://www.wri.org/biodiv/gbs-glos.html Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut, Water Termen en definities. NEN 6599, 1e druk, januari 1991. - vertaald uit ISO 6107-2-4.6 Adapted

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) biotic

Begrip (Nederlands) biotisch

Definitie Behorende tot de levende natuur.

Biotic

Biotisch

drop structure | fall

bodemval

Pertaining to any aspect of life, especially to characteristics of entire populations or ecosystems. Sprong in de bodem van een waterloop.

Fall

bodemval

upper reach

bovenloop

Headwaters Brackish (water)

bovenloop Brak (water)

brak water

chemical oxygen use

chemisch zuurstofverbruik

Chemical Oxygen Demand

Chemisch zuurstofverbruik

x

chloriniteit

Chlorinity

Chloriniteit

conceptual model

conceptueel model

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Toelichting Het biotisch milieu is het voedsel, roofvijanden en parasieten. Tegenstelling: abiotisch

Bron Uit en thuisboek, Stichting het Limburgs Landschap, 1996 Dedication

Een bodemval kan een kunstwerk zijn, waarmee Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'seen verschil in bodemhoogte wordt opgevangen, Gravenhage, 1986. ombijvoorbeeld de snelheid van het water te beperken door een minder groot verhang. Hierbij is het uitgesloten -zoals bij stuwen - het water vast te houden. De profielverdediging van de bodemval aan de bovenstroomse en benedenstroomse zijde wordt, indien van toepassing, als afzonderlijk kunstwerk opgegeven.De koppeling tussen de diverse kunstwerken vindt plaats via de gegevenselementen identificatie kunstwerk(aangrenzend bovenstrooms) en identificatie kunstwerk(aangrenzend benedenstrooms).

Sudden difference in elevation in the bed of a stream of sufficient extent to cause the entire stream of water passing over it to drop nearly vertically for some distance before it resumes its course Het gedeelte van een rivier (waterloop) in het hoge deel van het Doorgaans vindt hier overwegend erosie plaats. stroomgebied. Streams from the sources of a river. Brackish refers to an area of low salinity where fresh water and sea water are mixed near the estuary of a river flowing into the sea. In addition, tidal flats and lagoons of low salinity are also considered brackish areas.

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Water waarvan het zoutgehalte beduidend lager ligt dan dat van De totale concentratie van opgeloste zouten ligt Redeke, H.C. (postume uitgave), zeewater. gewoonlijk tussen de 1000 en 10000 mg/l. Bij Hydrobiologie van Nederland. De zoete meting van chloride, water met een chloridegehalte wateren. Backhuys en Meesters, Amsterdam, 1975, gewijzigd tussen 300 en 10.000 mg/l. Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut, Water De massaconcentratie van zuurstofequivalent van de hoeveelheid Hoeveelheid zuurstof die nodig is om een liter Termen en definities. NEN 6599, 1e druk, dichromaation die door opgeloste en onopgeloste stoffen wordt verontreinigd water chemisch af te breken - de verbruikt als een watermonster met dat oxydatiemiddel wordt eenheid is uitgedrukt in milligram zuurstof per liter januari 1991 - vertaald uit ISO 6107-2-4-9 water (mg/l). behandeld. The amount of oxygen required to oxidize organic chemical International Navigation Association (2000) compounds and oxidizable inorganic compounds in a body of Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, water. COD, an indicator of water contamination, is the amount of Report of Working Group n.º3 of the oxygen consumed (mg/l) by potassium permanganate or other Permanent Environmental Commission, oxidation agen Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Het totale gewicht aan chloor-ionen per gewichtseenheid zeewater, Chloor-equivalent. Het aantal grammen opgeloste als alle broom- en jodium-ionen zijn vervangen door een chloride per kilogram (zee)watermonster. De equivalente hoeveelheid chloor-ionen. chloriniteit van zeewater aan onze kust is normaliter 16.6 promille (Cl, ?) The measure of chloride content of sea water by mass. Glossary from unknown source B. Expressed in grams per kilogram or parts per thousand (ppt). Beschrijving van de structuur van een systeem met kwalitatieve

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Conceptual Model

Conceptueel model

constant Constant

constante Constante

Definitie afhankelijkheden. A description of reality in terms of verbal descriptions, equations, governing relationships or ‘natural laws’ that purport to describe reality. This is the user's perception of the key hydrological and ecological processes in the study area and the corresponding simplifications and numerical accuracy limits that are assumed acceptable in order to achieve the purpose of the modelling.

Toelichting

Bron

Conceptual model This term is often used with a different meaning in the precipitation runoff domain. Here, hydrological models are often classified according to the complexity of their process descriptions as empirical, conceptual or physically-based (e.g. Refsgaard, 1996). Examples of conceptual models in this context are the Stanford Watershed Model, the Sacramento, the HBV and the NAM.

Refsgaard JC, Henriksen HJ (2004) Modelling guidelines - terminology and guiding principles. Advances in Water Resources, 27, 71-82.

Grootheid die in de tijd niet verandert. A quantity with a fixed value (e.g. the speed of light or gravitational force) representing known physical, biological or ecological activities.

Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) Draft guidance on the development, evaluation and application of regulatory environmental models. The Council for Regulatory Environmental Modelling, US EPA.

Continuity equation continuiteitsvergelijking Equation desribing the conservation of mass of flowing matter. continuity equation continuïteitsvergelijking Differentiaalvergelijking die het behoud van massa van stromende stoffen beschrijft. daling Het hoogteverschil tussen getijhoogwater en het daarop volgende laagwater.

Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd). International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm.

Falling limb

daling

Part of a hydrograph in which the discharge is decreasing from a peak.

Limb, falling

daling

dam

dam

Dam

Dam

Data processing

Data verwerking

data processing

Dataverwerking

Part of a single peaked hydrograph in which the discharge is decreasing. In en dwars over een water opgeworpen aarden wal die dient om Functies van dammen en soorten dammen: Van Dale Groot Woordenboek voor de het water te keren, te leiden of te verdelen (in tegenstelling tot dijk: verbinding van twee landdelen via water (verkeer), Nederlandse Taal. Geerts, G., en H. die langs het water ligt). afsluiten ongewenste stroming (afsluitdam/-dijk), of Heestermans (red.), Van Dale Lexicografie, richting geven aan stroming (leidam, geleidedam, Utrecht, Antwerpen. strekdam) of om rustiger water maken (golfbreker, havendam, beschermingsdam bij vooroever). Ook functie opstuwen rivierwater en/of afsluiten dal voor wateropzameling (stuwdam, teven relatie met stuw). Barrier constructed across a valley for impounding wateror creating a reservoirs. (see also barrage; weir; barrier) Handling of raw observational data until they are in a form ready to International Glossary of Hydrology, be used for a specific purpose. UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. algemene term voor een reeks wiskundige algoritmen om een (grote) hoeveelheid data te verwerken tot bruikbare gegevens. Een model dat de invoer volgens een vaststaande wetmatigheid omzet in uitvoer, zonder rekening te houden met onzekerheden. A model is said to be deterministic if it does not contain any random

deterministic model deterministisch model Deterministic Model deterministisch model

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

x

x

x

x

detritus

Detritus density Density

Detritus dichtheid Dichtheid

dike

dijk

Levee

dijk

Direchlet condition

dirchlet voorwaarde

Dirichlet boundary condition objective function Objective function

dirichletrandvoorwaarde doelfunctie doelfunctie

domain

domein

Domain

Domein

Transmissivity

doorlaatbaarheid

transmissivity coefficient of

doorlaatvermogen

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Definitie component, and its response due to a given input therefore is uniquely determined. The opposite to a deterministic model is a stochastic model. dood plantaardig materiaal

Toelichting

Bron

In de geotechniek vaak aanduiding voor fijn plantaardig materiaal wat als bijmengsel voorkomt. Bv. Gevallen blad, takjes, dood hout etc. In een oorspronkelijke toestand een waterrijkemassa zonder een geordend verband tussen de deeltjes. Na bedekking door een grondlaag is het samengeperst

Particles of plant matter in varying stages of decomposition. Het quotiënt van de massa m en het ingenomen volume V The total weight or mass of any substance or material, per unit of volume ? normally g/m3 or mg/l. Usually expressed as grams per cubic centimeter. E.g., for ocean water with a salinity of 35? at 0° C, the density is 1.028 g/cm3. Grondlichaam (al dan niet verdedigd) bestemd tot het keren van water. Water-retaining earthwork used to confine streamflow within a specified area along the stream or to prevent flooding due to waves or tides. A boundary condition for a groundwater model where the head is known and specified at the boundary of the flow field, and the model computes the associated groundwater flow. Also known as a Specified, Fixed, Constant Head or First Type boundary condition. Randvoorwaarde waarbij een variabele (bijv. de stijghoogte h of de concentratie) op de rand van het modelgebied bekend is Functie die de modelfout kwantificeert met behulp van metingen. A function to quantify the deviations between model variables and observations. Also sometimes denoted cost function. Kennisgebied of activiteit gekarakteriseerd door een verzameling van concepten, begrippen en/of waarden In HarmoniQuA the description of the modelling process is decomposed into seven different domain: - groundwater (including solute transport and geochemistry) precipitation runoff (including non-point pollution) - hydrodynamics (flows in pipes, rivers, estuaries, coastal water and associated sediment transport and morphology) - flood forecasting - surface water quality - biota (ecology) - socio-economics The rate at which water at a prevailing density and viscosity is transmitted through a unit width of an aquifer or confining unit under a unit hydraulic gradient. It is a function of the properties of the media, fluid and thickness of the media. Maat voor het vermogen van een watervoerend pakket om water door te laten, gelijk te stellen aan de volumestroom die per breedte-

Glossary from unknown source A. Adapted

RWS: themagroep Kunstwerken

Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia.

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

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x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) transmissibility

Begrip (Nederlands)

drain

Drain

Drain

drain

Sill

drempel

crossing | bar

drempel

x

Duiker

Culvert

duiker

duration curve Duration curve

duurlijn duurlijn dwarsdoorsnede

Cross section (of a dwarsdoorsnede (van stream) een stroom) dynamic equilibrium Dynamisch evenwicht

x

x

Dynamic Equilibrium dynamisch evenwicht dynamic model, dynamisch model transient model | non-stationair model Dynamic model Dynamisch model ecohydrology ecohydrologie

01-11-06

Definitie eenheid van het watervoerend pakket en per eenheid van stijghoogtegradiënt door een watervoerende laag stroomt. Afvoerkanaal in de grond aangebracht ter beheersing van de grondwaterstand Conduit or small channel by which water is removed, from a soil or an aquifer by gravity, in order to control the water level. Low structure built under water in order to correct the depth of a river Een verondieping over de volle breedte van een (rivier)geul, veroorzaakt door hetzij sedimentatie, hetzij een erosievaste laag. Een kokervormige constructie met als doel de wederzijdse verbinding tussen oppervlaktewater te waarborgen, waarbij in principe de bodem van de waterloop, in tegenstelling tot die van de brug, wordt onderbroken

Toelichting

Bron

Voorbeelden: sleuf, poreuze buis enz

Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, Vaak heerst er een vrije waterspiegel in de gewijzigd | GWN constructie. De duiker vormt een doorstroomopening onder een rivier, kanaal, landweg en dergelijke, die een functie vervult in de waterhuishouding. De profielverdediging van de duiker aan de bovenstroomse en benedenstroomse zijde wordt, indien van toepassing, als afzonderlijk kunstwerk opgegeven. De koppeling tussen de diverse kunstwerken vindt plaats via de gegevenselementen identificatie kunstwerk (aangrenzend bovenstrooms) en identificatie kunstwerk (aangrenzend benedenstrooms). Voor het onderscheid tussen brug en duiker: zie toelichting op de entiteit Brug. Identieke naast elkaar gelegen duikers worden als afzonderlijk kunstwerk beschreven. Alleen met behulp van het gegevenselement Aantal identieke duikers naast elkaar wordt deze situatie vorm gegeven.

Closed conduit for the free passage of surface drainage water under a highway, railroad, canal or other structure. Curve die het verloop van een parameter in de tijd weergeeft. Graph representing the time during which the value of a given parameter (e.g. water level, discharge) is equaled or exceeded regardless of continuity in time. Doorsnede van een waterloop loodrecht op de gemiddelde richting van de stroming. Section of the stream at right angle to the main (average) direction of flow. Voortdurende profielveranderingen als gevolg van voortdurend veranderende hydraulische omstandigheden zonder resulterend zandverlies. A condition in which the amount of recharge to a flow system equals the amount of natural discharge. Model waarbij de tijd een onafhankelijke variabele is.

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Model in which time is an independent variable. De wetenschap die zich specifiek richt op de directe en indirecte

van der Veen & Garritsen, 1994

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

Begrip (Nederlands)

Ecohydrology

Ecohydrologie

ecology

ecologie

Ecology

Ecologie

ecosystem

ecosysteem

Ecosystem

Ecosysteem

unit hydrograph

eenheidshydrogram

Hydrograph, unit

eenheidshydrogram

x

uniform flow

eenparige stroming

Flow, uniform effective porosity

eenparige stroming effectieve porositeit

Effective Porosity

effectieve porositeit

x

Begrip (engels)

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Porosity ? effective effectieve porositeit

effluent

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting relaties tussen hydrologie en ecologie, waarbij de ecologie als indicatie van de hydrologische karakteristiek wordt gebruikt en omgekeerd de hydrologische karakteristiek de potenties van de ecologie kan duiden. Tevens de wetenschap die de betekenis van hydrologische (en hydrochemische) processen voor de verspreiding van spontane vegetaties onderzoekt. The study of the fundamental interrelationships between hydrology and biota at the catchment scale. De leer van de onderlinge betrekkingen tussen levende organismen en hun milieu. The branch of biology dealing with the relations of organisms to one another and to their environment. Verzameling van op een en dezelfde plaats voorkomende Bv vijver; beek populaties (micro-organismen, planten, dieren) die daardoor met elkaar en met het omringende fysische en chemische milieu interacties kunnen aangaan en aldus een functionele eenheid vormen. The organisms of a particular habitat, such as a pond or forest, together with the physical environment in which they live; a dynamic complex of plant, animal, fungal, and micro-organism communities and their associated non-living environment interacting Denkbeeldige afvoergolf als gevolg van in korte tijd op het gehele stroomgebied gelijkmatig vallende regen, die een totale oppervlakte-afvoer teweegbrengt gelijk aan een over het stroomgebied uitgebreide laag water ter dikte van een gekozen lengte-eenheid. Discharge hydrograph of direct runoff resulting from a unit amount of runoff or effective rainfall generated uniformly over a catchment during a specified duration. Stroming in een open leiding met constante dwarsdoorsnede waarbij de waterdiepte gelijk is in alle dwarsdoorsneden ((/(s = 0). Flow in which the velocity vector is constant along every streamline. Het volume van de poriën, dat beschikbaar is voor transport van vloeistof, gedeeld door het totale volume van de grond (bodemdeeltjes en poriën). The amount of interconnected pore space throug which fluids can pass, expressed as a percent of bulk volume. Part of the total porosity will be occupied by static fluid being held to the mineral surface tension, so effective porosity will be less than tot The volume of the inter-connected void spaces through which water or other fluids can travel in a rock or sediment divided by the total volume of the rock or sediment. Water- of afvalwaterlozing van een bepaalde oorsprong, bijv. een rioolwaterzuiveringsinrichting, een industrieel proces of een oxidatievijver.

Bron

Zalewski (2000) NNI, 1991 - vertaald uit ISO 6107-3-26

Biomonitoringstechnieken voor bestrijdingsmiddelen en zware metalen in watersystemen. Stichting Toegepast Onderzoek Waterbeheer, Utrecht, rapport 97.., 1997 http://www.wri.org/biodiv/gbs-glos.html

CHO (501a)

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. Gezuiverd of ongezuiverd afval- of rioolwater dat op Van Dale Groot Woordenboek voor de het oppervlaktewater wordt geloosd. Opmerking: Nederlandse Taal. Geerts, G., en H. gebruik te vermijden, liever 'uitstroom'. Heestermans (red.), Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, Antwerpen. Twaalfde druk, 1992.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

Begrip (Nederlands) Effluent

Finite element method

Eindige elementen methode

x

finite element method

eindigeelementenmethode

finite difference method

eindigedifferentiemethode

Finite difference method

eindigedifferentiemethode

emission

emissie

Emission

Emissie

energy gradient Energy gradient

energie verhang energie verhang

x

Begrip (engels) Effluent

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

epifauna Epifauna

Epifauna

Epilimnion

epilymnion Epilymnion

Equipotential Line

Equipotentiaal lijn

equipotential line

equipotentiaallijn

Equipotential Surface equipotential line

Equipotentiaal vlak

01-11-06

equipotentiaallijn

Definitie Toelichting Waste material discharged into the environment (e.g. a stream, a lake or an estuary), treated or untreated. The outflow of a sewer, industry pipe, or other waste discharge. Generally, refers to water pollution. Method to solve (partial) differential equations using unstructured grids, in which shape functions are used to approximate derivatives. Transformatie van (partiële) differentiaalvergelijkingen die continu zijn in de ruimte en/of tijd, naar discrete vergelijkingen om ze zo numeriek op te kunnen lossen met behulp van discrete elementen, dat wil zeggen ruimtelijke compartimenten. Transformatie van (partiële) differentiaalvergelijkingen die continu zijn in de ruimte en/of tijd, naar discrete differentievergelijkingen om ze zo numeriek op te kunnen lossen met behulp van een discreet rekennetwerk. Method to solve (partial) differential equations using structured grids, in which Taylor expansion series are used to approximate derivatives. Uitworp of lozing van stoffen, golven of andere verschijnselen door De lozing of uitstoot van (milieuverontreinigde) diffuse bronnen of puntbronnen. stoffen - het betreft zowel de lozing naar lucht, water of bodem, als het ontstaan van geluid of straling. Release of substances, usually from a point source.

Bron Adapted

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. CHO (521)

Verhang van de energielijn van een open of gesloten leiding. Decrease or loss of the total head along a conduit (or channel) per unit conduit (or channel) length. (see also hydraulic gradient) direlijke organismen die op de bodem of op planten leven, al of niet hieraan vastzittend Animals that live on the bottom, either attached or moving freely Glossary from unknown source B. over it. de bovenlaag van een meer, welke in aanraking komt met de lucht The upper layer of a water body that suffers the influence of Adapted atmospheric temperature and sun light, located above the thermocline. It is the area of warmest water within the water body and normally the area of most activity. A line in a two-dimensional groundwater flow field such that the Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. total hydraulic head is the same for all points along the line. Merril Publishing Co. een lijn door punten waar een gelijk potentiaal heerst. Per definitie staat een equipotentiaallijn loodrecht op een stroomlijn. Langs een equipotentiaallijn treedt geen stroming op, er is geen verhang A surface in a three-dimensional groundwater flow field such that Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. the total hydraulic head is the same everywhere on the surface. Merril Publishing Co. een lijn door punten waar een gelijk potentiaal heerst. Per definitie staat een equipotentiaallijn loodrecht op

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

estuary

estuarium

Een zeewaarts zich verbredende riviermond inclusief het aansluitende zeegebied waarin het getij zijn invloed doet gelden.

Estuaries

estuarium

Areas where freshwater meets saltwater (bays, mouths of rivers, salt marshes, lagoons). Those brackish water ecosystems shelter and feed marine life birds, and wildlife.

eufotic zone

eufotische zone

Euphotic zone

eufotische zone

Eutrophication

Eutrofiering

eutrophication

eutrofiëring

evapotranspiration

evapotranspiratie

Evapotranspiration

evapotranspiratie

een zone in het oppervlaktewater waarin de lichtsterkte zodanig is dat het fotosyntheseproces werkt The surface layer of the ocean that receives enough light to support photosynthesis. The bottom of this zone which marks the compensation depth varies reaching a maximum value of around 150 m in the very nearest open ocean water. The process of over-fertilization of a body of water by nutrients producing more organic matter than the self-purification processes can overcome. In a body of water, where little exchange of water occurs, the inflow of industrial, domestic and agricultu De verrijking van water, zowel zoet als zout, met voedingsstoffen, in het bijzonder fosfor- en stikstofverbindingen, waardoor de groei van algen en hogere vormen van plantenleven wordt versneld. De totale verdampingssnelheid van een begroeid oppervlak. Gebruik kan verwarring geven, beter is: totale verdamping. The combination of the processes of evaporation and transpiration.

fauna Fauna

fauna Fauna

Well screen

filter

x

well screen

Filter (grondwater)

flora Flora

flora Flora

Flora photosyntesis

Flora fotosynthese

x

x

x

Begrip (engels)

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

01-11-06

Toelichting een stroomlijn. Langs een equipotentiaallijn treedt geen stroming op, er is geen verhang

Bron Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (aangepast). Frick GW (1984) Environmental Glossary. Rockville: Government Institutes. 325 pp. (Terms extracted from Â?Development of Environmental StatisticsÂ?, Glossary of Environmental Terms (Â?)).

De dierenwereld van een regio. A collective term for the animal species present in an ecosystem, at a particular area or time. A tubular device with either slots, holes, gauze or continuous-wire wrap; used at the end of a well casing to complete the well. Water enters a well through the well screen.

Glossary from unknown source B.

Adapted

Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut, Water Termen en definities. NEN 6599, 1e druk, januari 199 - vertaald uit ISO 6107-2-5-2 National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm. Adapted Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia.

Geperforeerd gedeelte van een buis of pijp, waardoor water in of uit Het type perforatie is veelal afgestemd op het kan treden. omliggende sediment of gesteente alsmede op de beoogde functie van het filter: onttrekkingsfilter, infiltratiefilter of peilfilter. De plantenwereld van een regio. A collective term for the plant species present in an ecosystem, at a particular area or time. All of the plants found in a given area. Synthese van organische stof uit koolstofdioxide en water door levende organismen onder invloed van licht met behulp van

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Glossary from unknown source A. http://www.wri.org/biodiv/gbs-glos.html

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Photosynthesis

fotosynthese

Froude number

Froude getal

Froude number

froudegetal

x

x

fytoplankton

Phytoplankton

fytoplankton

data assimilation

gegevensassimilatie

Data Assimilation

gegevensassimilatie

dangerous goods Hazardous substances

gevaarlijke stoffen Gevaarlijke stoffen

sensitivity analysis

gevoeligheids analyse

Sensitivity Analysis gevoeligheidsanalyse

wave

golf

Wave

golf

grid

grid

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting Bron fotochemische reactieve pigmenten. The manufacture by plants of carbohydrate food from carbon Glossary from unknown source A. dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll, by utilizing light energy and releasing oxygen. Dimensionless number expressing the ratio of inertia forces to gravity forces. v = velocity of flow; g = acceleration of gravity; l = a characteristic length Een dimensieloos getal dat in de hydrodynamica gebruikt wordt om aan te geven hoe goed een specifiek model werkt ten opzichte van de werkelijkheid. plankton bestaande uit plantaardige organismen. Omvat onder meer eencelligen, diatomeeen, groen-, Themagroep: Ecologie goud-, pantser-, juk en blauwwieren. Sommige soorten kunnen zich onder bepaalde omstandigheden explosief vermeerderren waardoor algenbloei ontstaat Collectively, all the microscopic plants, such as certain algae, living Adapted unattached in aquatic habitats. The plant component of the plankton. It represents the most important community of primary producers in the ocean. See Algae and Plankton. Benaderingswijze waarbij gegevens geïntegreerd worden met een fysische/ chemische procesbeschrijving, zodanig dat de informatieinhoud van zowel de gegevens als de procesbeschrijving expliciet wordt gemaakt. Approach in which observed data are integrated in a model simulation in a way that the information content of both data and model result are made explicit and weighted. Data assimilation is a feed back process where the model simulation is updated as a response to field observations. This is in certain domains denoted updating. toxische, persistente en bioaccumuleerbare stoffen Substances which have adverse impacts on living organisms, e.g. International Navigation Association (2000) toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, harmful for the Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, environment. Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Analyse, meestal gebaseerd op een aantal modelberekeningen, die erop gericht is de gevoeligheid van de berekeningsresultaten voor de waardes van modelinvoer te bepalen. Analysis of the sensitivity of the model results to changes in parameter values or other assumptions (e.g. input data). In a sensitivity analysis the various sources of uncertainty are analysed individually. Voortbewegende verstoring van de evenwichtsstand van de Per definitie kenbaar als een daling, rijzing en daling waterspiegel. vanaf de middenstand. Disturbance in the body of water propagated at a constant or varying speed (celerity), often of an oscillatory nature, accompanied by alternate rise and fall of surface fluid particles. Een denkbeeldig raster op de aardoppervlakte, waarvan de De plaatsaanduiding van de waarden wordt

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie vakgrootte, nulpunt en gridhoek zijn vastgesteld.

Grid

Grid

groundwater

grondwater

Groundwater

Grondwater

To solve a model consisting of (partial) differential equations in order to apply it in a specific area, one needs a spatial schematisation (discretisation). This schematisation is called a grid (or, sometimes mesh, raster or network). A grid has to be se al het water dat zich onder het bodemoppervlak in de verzadigde Water dat zich in een grondformatie bevindt en dat NEN 6599 zone bevindt en dat in direct contact met bodem of ondergrond daaruit gewoonlijk kan worden gewonnen. staat The water present in interconnected pores located below the water Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) table. Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. Lijn van (veelal maximale) stijghoogte, zodanig getrokken dat het grondwater aan beide zijden van de scheiding naar een separaat grondwatersysteem zal afstromen. The boundary between two adjacent groundwater basins. The Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) divide is represented by a high in the water table surface. Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. Het vlak door de punten waar het grondwater een drukhoogte gelijk de absolute waterdruk is dan gelijk aan de druk van nul heeft de atmosfeer. The surface in an unconfined aquifer or confining bed at which the Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. pore pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure. Merril Publishing Co. Peilbuis met een betrekkelijk kort filter waarvan de onderkant zich op korte afstand onder de grondwaterspiegel bevindt zodat de gemeten stijghoogte weinig van de grondwaterstand afwijkt. A non-pumping well, generally of small diameter, which is used to Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. measure the elevation of the water table or the potentiometric Merril Publishing Co. surface. A piezometer generally has a short well screen through which water can enter. Chemische eigenschap die gelijk is aan de som van meerwaardige De benaming stamt uit het verleden. Bij toevoeging Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut, Water kationen. van zeep aan water voelde het harde water ruwer Termen en definities. NEN 6599, 1e druk, januari 1991 - vertaald uit ISO 6107-2-4.14 aan op de huid tijdens het wassen. Vandaar de naam "hardheid". Deze wordt onder meer uitgedrukt in de equivalente concentratie van calciumcarbonaat (CaCO3). The hardness of water is indicated by the content of dissolved International Navigation Association (2000) calcium and magnesium salts. Calcium and magnesium salts that Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, are transformed to insoluble salts by boiling denote temporary Report of Working Group n.º3 of the hardness, while calcium and magnesium salts that do not settle Permanent Environmental Commission, whe Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Van punt tot punt belangrijke verschillen in eigenschappen bezittend. The condition under which one or more hydraulic properties of the Freeze RA and Cherry JA (1979) groundwater flow system vary spatially. Groundwater. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. In elk punt dezelfde eigenschappen bezittend.

groundwater divide grondwaterscheiding

x

piezometer

grondwaterstandsbuis

Piezometer

grondwaterstandsbuis

hardness

hardheid

Hardness

Hardheid

heterogeneous

heterogeen

Heterogeneous

Heterogeen

homogeneous

homogeen

x

x

x

water table |phreatic grondwaterspiegel surface Water table grondwaterspiegel

x

Groundwater divide grondwaterscheiding

01-11-06

Toelichting Bron uitgedrukt in coördinaten volgens het globale coördinatenstelsel dat bij de locatie dat het nulpunt vormt van het grid vastgelegd is.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Homogeneous

Begrip (Nederlands) Homogeen

Flood

hoogwater

flood hydraulic radius

hoogwater (rivier) hydraulische straal

Hydraulic radius

Hydraulische straal

Hydrophobic

Hydrofiel Hydrofiel Hydrofoob Hydrofoob

hydrography Hydrography

hydrografie Hydrografie

hydrology

hydrologie

Hydrology

Hydrologie

Hydrology

Hydrologie

x

x

Hydrophilic

hydrological year

Hydrological year

x

Hydrological cycle

hydrological cycle

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting The condition under which the hydraulic properties of the groundwater flow system are independent of the position within the geological formation. Rise, usually brief, in the water level in a stream to a peak from which the water level recedes at a slower rate toestand van hoge rivierstand. Verhouding tussen natte oppervlakte A en natte omtrek van een Een waterloop is een open leiding leiding P In a single cross section, the wetted area of the cross section of a stream or conduit divided by its wetted perimeter. Wateraantrekkend, membraan eigenschap. Tegengestelde van hydrofoob. Pertaining to the property of attracting water. Waterafstotend, membraan eigenschap. Tegengestelde van hydrofiel. Pertaining to the property of being impossible or difficult to wet with water. zeemeetkunde in particular, charting the open bodies of water for navigational purposes. Opmerking: ook de invloed van menselijk handelen De leer van het voorkomen, het gedrag en de chemische en fysische eigenschappen van water in al zijn verschijningsvormen op wordt hier dikwijls onder begrepen. en beneden het aardoppervlak, uitgezonderd het water in de zeeën en oceanen. Science that deals with the processes governing the depletion and replenishment of the water resources of the land areas of the Earth, and treats the various phases of the hydrological cycle.

Bron Freeze RA and Cherry JA (1979) Groundwater. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.

CHO (404) CHO (510), iets gewijzigd

Glossary from unknown source B. Glossary from unknown source B.

International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm.

Science that deals with the waters above and below the land surfaces of the Earth, their occurrence, circulation and distribution, both in time and space, their biological, chemical and physical properties, their reaction with their environment, including their relation to living beings. hydrologisch jaar De tijdsduur ter lengte van een jaar waarin gemiddeld gesproken Het hydrologisch jaar begint op een vaste datum, in de afvoerkarakteristiek van een rivier wordt doorlopen. de regel aan het eind van een periode met lage afvoer. Voor bv. Nederland loopt het hydrologisch jaar voor de Maas en de Rijn van 1 november tot en met 31 oktober. Voor België van 1 oktober tot en met 30 september voor de Maas en de Schelde. Hydrologisch jaar Continuous 12-month period selected in such a way that overall International Glossary of Hydrology, changes in storage are minimal so that carryover is reduced to a UNESCO, WMO. minimum. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. Hydrologische cyclus The transport and transformation of gaseous, liquid and solid water National Weather Forecast Service Office, in the earth-atmosphere system. NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm. hydrologische kringloop Het doorlopen van een reeks processen en toestanden door het

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Hypolimnion

Hypolymnion

x x

hypopolymnion Infiltration

Infiltratie

infiltration interception

Infiltratie interceptie

Interception

interceptie

inwoners equivalent

ion

ion

Ion

Ion

Isotropy

Isotropie

isotropy

isotropie

Canal Channel

Kanaal kanaal

x

canal | channel

kanaal

nodal point | node

knooppunt

x

Population equivalent

x

Inwonerequivalent

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting water (zoals neerslag, berging , afvoer, verdamping), waarbij telkens weer een andere toestand wordt bereikt. The cold lower layers of a body of water are called the hypolimnion. They are prevented from warming by the thermocline. Chemical analysis has shown that the waters within the hypolimnion are well mixed. De stagnante onderste waterlaag in diepe meren, door het epilimnion afgesloten van contact met de lucht The passage of water through the soil surface into the soil.

Het intreden van water aan het grondoppervlak. Dat deel van de bruto neerslag dat door de vegetatie of andere structuren wordt onderschept. The process by which precipitation (either liquid or solid or both) is temporarily stored either on vegetation surfaces (canopy interception) or on litter surfaces (litter interception); intercepted water either can return to the atmosphere as evaporation Vervuilingswaarde van industrieel afvalwater in vergelijking met Dit is de definitie zoals vermeld in de EG richtlijn huishoudelijk afvalwater op basis van de dagelijkse hoeveelheid voor stedelijk afvalwater. afvalwater of vervuiling The organic biodegradable load having a five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of 60 g of oxygen per day.

Bron Adapted

National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm.

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Geladen deeltje - ontstaan door verwijdering of toevoeging van elektronen aan een deeltje, onder andere door chemische reacties of inwerking van straling - ionen bewegen in een elektrisch veld naar de tegengesteld geladen elektrode toe. An atom that becomes electrically charged by gaining or losing one Glossary from unknown source B. or more electrons. The loss of electrons produces a positively charged cation, and the gain of electrons produces a negatively charged anion. The condition under which hydraulic properties of the aquifer are Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. equal in all directions. Merril Publishing Co. Conditie van een medium dat in alle richtingen dezelfde eigenschappen heeft. Artificial open channel. natural, or artificial, clearly distinguished, waterway which periodically or continuously contains moving water, or which forms a connecting link between two bodies of water. Een gegraven grote waterloop die dient voor scheepvaart en/of Voor deze term bestaan vele streekbenamingen, zie watertransport. ook waterloop. Hoekpunt van een gridcel in een rooster-gecentreerd netwerk.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) nodal point | node

Begrip (Nederlands) knooppunt

nodal point | node

knooppunt

Node

Knooppunt

hydrocarbon

koolwaterstof

Hydrocarbons

Koolwaterstoffen

critical flow

kritische stroming

Stromingstoestand waarbij de watersnelheid gelijk is aan de voortplantingssnelheid van lange golven.

Critical flow

Kritische stroming

Crest

Kruin kruin

Flow conditions at which the discharge is a maximum for a given specific energy, or at which the specific energy is minimum for a given discharge. Hoogste punt in het dwarsprofiel van het dijklichaam Top of a dam, levee, spillway or weir to which water must rise before passing over the structure or peak stage of the flood wave (see also Flood crest). de oppervlaktewateren, gelegen aan de landzijde van een lijn waarvan elk punt zich op een afstand bevindt van één zeemijl zeewaarts van het dichtstbijzijnde punt van de basislijn vanwaar de breedte van de territoriale wateren wordt gemeten, zo nodig uitgebreid tot de buitengrens van een overgangswater As a management definition, territorial or interior waters that contain a measurable quantity or percentage of see-water (e.g., more than 0,5 parts per thousand). Low water level during minimum streamflow conditions. toestand van lage rivierstand. Stromingstype dat overheersend door de viscositeit wordt bepaald. Bij laminaire stroming bewegen de waterdeeltjes zich (in hoofdzaak) evenwijdig aan elkaar.. Flow of a fluid in which the viscous forces are predominant. In channel flow the fluid particles move approximately in definite, relatively smooth paths with no significant transverse mixing. In channel flow it occurs at Reynolds number smaller than 500-2000. Een maat voor het vermogen van een slecht doorlatende laag om water door te laten.

x

x x

kustwateren

Coastal waters

Kustwateren

Low water low stage laminar flow

laagwater Laagwater (rivier) laminaire stroming

Flow, laminar

laminaire stroming

leakance | leakage coefficient

lekvermogen

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting Punt waar verschillende waterwegen samenkomen in een hydrodynamisch model. Hoekpunt van een (driehoekig) element in een eindige-elementen model. An element of the network. Element that represents free branch ends, branch connections or a specific storage. At nodes with one simple pipe connected, boundary conditions are usually defined by specifying the values of piezometric head or discharge as a constant value or as a function of time. Flow continuity and a piezometric level compatibility is assumed at nodes connecting several branches Verbinding die bestaat uit koolstof (C) en waterstof (H), afgekort HC. Compounds found in fossil fuels that contain carbon and hydrogen and may be carcinogenic.

Bron Legger info waterkwantiteit, gewijzigd

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. deze stromingstoestand, die op zichzelf instabiel is, Vrij naar CHO (506) vormt de overgang tussen stromend en schietend water.

Glossary from unknown source A.

Het is normaal voor grondwaterstroming en uitzonderlijk voor stroming in open leidingen.

Te berekenen als het quotiënt van de volumestroomdichtheid v door deze laag en het verschil in stijghoogte (h aan weerszijden van deze

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CHO (407) Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr. 16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd).

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

Leakance

lekvermogen

Controls vertical flow in a model between cells in adjacent layers. Equivalent to the effective vertical hydraulic conductivity divided by the vertical distance between layer midpoints.

lethal concentration letale concentratie

De concentratie van een toxische stof waarbij proeforganismen sterven.

Median Lethal Concentration

letale concentratie (mediaan)

lethal dose

letale dosis

LC50 stands for median lethal concentration, i.e. the concentration of a substance estimated to kill 50% of the test organisms. It is indicated with the testing time, usually 96 hours or less (e.g. 96 hLC50). De dosis van een toxische stof waarbij proeforganismen sterven. LD50: berekende mediaan letale dosis - dosis die overeenkomt met 50% sterfte van de (toets)organismen. LD50 stands for median lethal dose, the amount of a substance estimated to kill 50% of test organisms. With large test subjects, LD50 is often given as a quantity per unit of body weight. Tegenstelling: rechter oever De oever die zich aan de linkerkant van de waterloop bevindt, wanneer men stroomafwaarts kijkt. Margin of channel at the left-hand side when facing downstream. Tijd die benodigd is voor een hoogwatertop om een riviergedeelte tussen twee plaatsen (meestal peilstations) te doorlopen. Time elapsing between passage of a water parcel or packet, e.g. a flood wave, down an open channel between a given point and another point downstream. De vergelijking van de massa's van een bepaalde (vloei)stof betrokken bij toevoer en afvoer en, in geval van niet-stationaire situaties, verandering in berging over een bepaalde periode en binnen een gegeven gebied. Balance of material flows, see balance. Stel van twee opeenvolgende rivierbochten. Gekarakteriseerd door steile oevers aan de buitenbochten en flauwe oevers aan de binnenbochten. One curved portion of a sinuous or winding stream channel, consisting of two consecutive loops, one turning clockwise and the other anticlockwise. een massa stilstaand landoppervlaktewater groot water, geheel door land omsloten Inland body of water of considerable size. Kunstmatige vernauwing in een waterloop waardoor kritische stroming wordt teweeg gebracht om debieten te kunnen meten. Artificial water way used to carry water across depressions, or when the construction of a normal conveyance channel or conduit is impractical or uneconomical.

x

Left bank Linkeroever travel time | lag time looptijd

x

left bank

x

Median Lethal Dose letale dosis (mediaan)

x

Toelichting laag, dus gelijk aan de reciproke van de hydraulische weerstand c

linkeroever

Travel time

looptijd

mass balance

massa balans

Mass balance

massabalans meander

Meander

Meander

lake Lake flume | flow measuring flume Flume

meer Meer meetgoot

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meetgoot

LC50: berekende mediaan letale dosis - dosis die overeenkomt met 50% sterfte van de (toets)organismen. Gewoonlijk is de blootstelling continu en de LC50 wordt dan gedefinieerd met betrekking tot een overeengekomen blootstellingstijd.

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Bron Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. bron:Ecologische risico-evaluatie van stoffen. Gezondheidsraad, Rapport no. 88/28, Den Haag, 1988. | Nederlands Normalisatieinstituut, Water - Termen en definities. NEN 6599, 1e druk, januari 1991 (gewijzigd) Adapted

Adapted CHO (318) CHO (549b)

Themagroep: Morfologie

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Begrip (Nederlands) measurement point meetpunt

Definitie Aanduiding van een plaats of gebied waar een meting is/wordt verricht.

Control sections

meetpunt

method

Methode

Method

Methode

environmental

milieu

section of an open conduit or stream where the discharge is uniquely determined by the water level immediately above it. Vaste, weldoordachte werkwijze om een bepaald doel te bereiken werkwijze, systeem A HarmoniQuA term. A description of a methodology for carrying out an activity, possibly with links to supporting tools. Het geheel van essentiële voorwaarden en invloeden dat voor het leven van organismen van belang is.

Environment

milieu

model model

model model

Model

Model

model calibration | calibration

model kalibratie

Model Calibration

Model kalibratie

model error

modelfout

Model Error

Modelfout

Monitoring

Monitoren

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Toelichting Bron Wordt gebruikt om metingen, of afgeleide waarden NEN 3610. (overgenomen uit IMWA 1.1) daarvan, die zijn gekoppeld aan een locatie vast te leggen. Een kernachtige eenduidige aanduiding van een plaats waar gemeten wordt, zodanig geformuleerd dat voor direct betrokkenen duidelijk is waar deze locatie zich bevindt. Op een tot een meetlocatie behorend meetpunt wordt daadwerkelijk een meting verricht. Van deze meting kan, indien geautomatiseerd, de meetwaarde worden doorgegeven aan de apparatuur van de meetlocatie. Informatie- plan Water 1987

The sum of all physical, chemical, and biological factors to which an organism or community is subjected. Abstractie van de werkelijkheid. Voorstelling in willekeurige vorm van een object, proces of In de hydrologie is een model meestal een wiskundige voorstelling van een stroomgebied, een systeem. hydrologisch systeem, etc. A site-specific model established for a particular study area, Model code versus model including input data and parameter values. Many authors and many guidelines use the term model both in the meaning of a model code and as a site-specific model. Activiteiten om een vooraf bepaalde mate van overeenkomst tussen model en metingen in het veld te verkrijgen door het (systematisch) veranderen van onzekere factoren (vaak parameters). The procedure of adjustment of model parameter values to reproduce the response of reality within the range of accuracy specified in the performance criteria.

Advies inzake een begrippenlijst ten behoeve van ecologische normen waterbeheer. Deeladvies I. Gezondheidsraad, Rapport no. 84/37, Den Haag, 1984. Glossary from unknown source B.

Refsgaard JC, Henriksen HJ (2004) Modelling guidelines - terminology and guiding principles. Advances in Water Resources, 27, 71-82.

Refsgaard JC, Henriksen HJ (2004) Modelling guidelines - terminology and guiding principles. Advances in Water Resources, 27, 71-82.

Afwijking van het modelresultaat ten opzichte van de 'werkelijkheid'. De grootte van de modelfout kan worden bepaald met behulp van de restfout. Binnen de modelfout kan onderscheid worden gemaakt in meetfouten, fouten t.g.v. vereenvoudigingen van de werkelijkheid, fouten ten gevolge van een verkeerde keuze bij de parameteroptimalisatie, modelleerfouten en conceptuele fouten. Difference between observed and simulated variables; can be cumulative, absolute, quadratic, etc. Periodic or continuous sampling to determine the status of an Adapted

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x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

monitoring

monitoring

monitoring

monitoring

x x x x x x

Toelichting

Bron

Onderscheid wordt gemaakt tussen passieve en actieve monitoring.

Verandering van het erfelijk materiaal veroorzakend. van Dale, 1993. Frick GW (1984) Environmental Glossary. Rockville: Government Institutes. 325 pp. (Terms extracted from Â?Development of Environmental StatisticsÂ?, Glossary of Environmental Terms (Â?)). CHO (508), gewijzigd wetted perimeter Natte omtrek Lengte van de grenslijn tussen het water van de wanden en bodem in de dwarsdoorsnede van een leiding. Wetted perimeter natte omtrek Length of the wetted contact between a stream of flowing water and its containing channel, measured in a direction normal to flow. wetted area Natte oppervlakte Onder de waterspiegel gelegen oppervlakte van de De oppervlakte die binnen de natte omtrek ligt. Het CHO (507), gewijzigd dwarsdoorsnede van een leiding en/of vak. natte oppervlakte (A) kan worden gebruikt in de formule van Manning (éénparige stroming) Wetted area natte oppervlakte That part of the cross-sectional area of a stream offlowing water which is under water. accuracy nauwkeurigheid (Meet)nauwkeurigheid is gekoppeld aan de systematische fouten, De term precisie voor de aanduiding van bepaald door systematische afwijkingen tussen het meetresultaat nauwkeurigheid wordt afgeraden. en de werkelijke waarde. Oorzaken zijn foutieve meetprocedures en/of storingen tijdens de analyse. Accuracy Nauwkeurigheid Closeness of computations, estimates or measurements to the International Glossary of Hydrology, exact or true values. UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. precipitation neerslag De massa waterdeeltjes, zowel vloeibaar als vast, die vanuit de Aangezien de dichtheid van water nagenoeg 1 is, is atmosfeer het aardoppervlak bereikt. in de vloeibare fase de massa gelijk aan het volume: 1 kg is gelijk aan 10 -3 m 3. Precipitation neerslag Amount of precipitation on a unit of horizontal surface per unit time. International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. Precipitation neerslag Liquid or solid products of the condensation of water vapour falling International Glossary of Hydrology, from clouds or deposited from air on the ground. UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. precipitation excess neerslagoverschot Het verschil tussen de netto neerslag en de verdamping Pn -E . Rainfall excess neerslagoverschot The part of rainfall that contributes directly to surface runoff. International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. unsteady flow niet stationaire stroming De stroming waarbij de plaatselijke snelheid verandert in de tijd Opmerking: Bij het gebruik van het begrip snelheid CHO (500b), gewijzigd Mutagen

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mutageen mutageen

Definitie environmental variable or parameter. The results are taken into account in decisions regarding the environmental protection and management. Het verzamelen van meetgegevens volgens een vaste strategie of bemonsteren volgens een vaste wijze, op een vaste plaats op gezette tijden en het analyseren ervan. Het volgen, volgens een vastgestelde werkwijze, van een of meer grootheden in de tijd en de ruimte. Mutaties bevorderend of teweegbrengend. Any substance that causes changes in the genetic structure in subsequent generations.

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N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie ((v/(t ( 0).

Toelichting zijn hier de stochastische snelheidsvariaties veronachtzaamd.

x

x

Flow, unsteady

Bron

niet stationaire stroming Flow in which the velocity changes in magnitude or direction with respect to time. Nutrient Nutrient A substance, element or compound, organic or inorganic, Adapted necessary for the growth and development of plants and animals. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are important examples of nutrients needed by living things. nutrients nutriënten Voedingsstoffen. Hiermee worden met name mineralen aangeduid, die essentieel zijn voor de groei van planten. bank oever Het gebied op de grens van water en land, waarbij het gedeelte De overgang van land naar water, waar het Handboek "Natuurvriendelijke Oevers" boven het laagste streefpeil van het water tot de insteek dynamisch samenspel van land en water (bovenrand) van het oevertalud (oeverhelling) de (droge) plaatsvindt. Vaak is sprake van oeverplantengroei in oever(zone) wordt genoemd. het water, vooral wanneer een deel van het water langs de waterkant ondiep is. In dat geval wordt vaak van een 'natte' oever(zone) gesproken, met name bij natuurvriendelijke oevers. Bank oever Rising land bordering a river, lake or sea. Storage, dead onderdrempel berging Storage volume which cannot be released under normal conditions. Onderdrempelberging De vulling van het rioolstelsel die bij neerslag net geen aanleiding geeft tot het in werking treden van de overstort(en), gegevens afkomstig uit het rioleringsplan. Design flood ontwerp peil Flood hydrograph or instantaneous peak discharge adopted for the International Glossary of Hydrology, design of a hydraulic structure or river control taking into account UNESCO, WMO. economic and hydrological factors. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. Ontwerppeil Extreme hoogwaterstand met een voorgeschreven overschrijdingsfrequentie. Deze frequentie varieert langs de Nederlandse kust tussen 1/2000 per jaar en 1/10.000 per jaar Ontwerppeil Toetspeil vermeerderd met de verwachte waterstandsstijging Soms gebruikt als synoniem voor MHW (minder (inclusief NAP-daling) tot aan het eind van de ontwerplevensduur eenduidige term) - aanbevolen wordt uitsluitend (planperiode). MHW te gebruiken Design storm ontwerp storm Rainfall amount and distribution adopted over a given drainage International Glossary of Hydrology, area, used in determining the design flood. UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. Ontwerpstormvloed Zeer zware storm waarbij een juist veilig dwarsprofiel van een duinenkust net niet doorbreekt. De toelaatbare bezwijkkans van een duinenkust met een primaire waterkeringsfunctie is gelijk aan 1/10 maal de gemiddelde jaarlijkse overschrijdingskans van het ontwerppeil. Well - partially onvolkomen bron A well constructed in such a way that it draws water directly from a Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. penetrating fractional part of the total thickness of the aquifer. Merril Publishing Co. partially penetrating onvolkomen put Een verticale put waarvan het filter niet het gehele watervoerende well pakket beslaat. uncertainty analysis onzekerheids analyse Onderzoek waarbij de onzekerheid in de waarden van modeluitvoer van een modelberekening in een gekalibreerd model gekwantificeerd worden.

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x

x

Begrip (engels) Begrip (Nederlands) Uncertainty analysis onzekerheids analyse

interflow

oppervlakkige afvoer

Interflow

oppervlakkige afvoer

surface run-off

oppervlakte afvoer

Flow, overland surface water

oppervlakte afvoer Oppervlaktewater

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Definitie Quantification of uncertainty in model results due to incomplete knowledge of model parameters, input data, boundary conditions and conceptual model. In an uncertainty analysis the combined effects of these uncertainties are taken into account. Horizontaal transport van grondwater in een ondiepe verzadigde laag.

Toelichting

Het begrip wordt bij voorkeur gebruikt indien dit verschijnsel van tijdelijke aard is - meestal gaat dit verschijnsel gepaard met een schijngrondwaterspiegel. The lateral movement of water in the unsaturated zone during and Interflow immediately after a precipitation event. The water moving as Different from use in Precipitation-Runoff domain interflow discharges directly into a stream or lake. modelling domain. Afstroming van neerslag die optreedt over het grondoppervlak (met Voorbeelden van verharde oppervlakken: wegen, inbegrip van verharde oppervlakken). daken, vliegvelden.

Flow of water over the ground before it enters a definite channel. Het grondoppervlak in principe bedekt met water

Bron

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co. Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986.

De bovenstaande, ruime definitie kan ingeperkt RWS-R, 1996: Boog, T. H. M. van der, worden door een synthese van de volgende Gegevenswoordenboek Bestuurlijk-Juridische definities van oppervlaktewater: - Onder wateren Zaken Klaswat en Wvo, EDS, nr. A2403-R-3, worden alle wateren begrepen die in principe 15 mei 1996, pag. 21. | Terreinmodel zichtbaar al dan niet overdekt op het aardoppervlak vastgoed aanwezig zijn (Bron: Legger info waterkwantiteit) Aan het aardoppervlak en aan de open lucht grenzende watermassa (met inbegrip van een bedding waarin een zodanige watermassa al dan niet voorkomt), tenzij daarin door rechtmatig gebruik geen ecosysteem voorkomt. (Bron: Hoge Raad 1982, Wet verontreiniging oppervlaktewateren). Met de gegeven definities van oppervlaktewater in het achterhoofd is het verstandig rekening te houden met het begrippenkader, zoals opgenomen in de derde Nota Waterhuishouding. Dit kader luidt als volgt: (integraal uit deze nota overgenomen) Waterhuishouding De overheidszorg die zich richt op het op en in de bodem vrij aanwezige water, met het oog op de daarbij betrokken belangen (art. 1 Wet op de waterhuishouding) Waterbeheer Synoniem voor het begrip waterhuishouding waarbij de overheidszorg behalve het feitelijk beheer (fysieke maatregelen) en een juridisch beheer (vergunningen en dergelijke) tevens de daaraan voorafgaande beleidsbepaling (planvergunning en dergelijke) omvat. Waterhuishoudkundig systeem. Een samenhangend geheel van oppervlaktewateren en grondwatervoorkomens, waarbij in overeenstemming met het derde Indicatief meerjarenprogramma water 1985-1989 met oppervlaktewater wordt bedoeld: het samenhangend geheel van water, waterbodem,

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Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

Water, surface barrier

oppervlaktewater opwas

Barrier

opwas

organic matter

organische stof

Organic matter

organische stof

Water which flows over or is stored on the ground surface. In buitenwater (zeewater) opgekomen stuk grond of plaat, geheel door water omringd. Obstruction to the flow of surface water. (see also barrage; weir; dam) Materiaal waaruit levende en dode organismen zijn opgebouwd en dat door micro-organismen kan worden afgebroken. Carbonaceous waste contained in plant or animal matter and originated from domestic or industrial sources.

organism

organisme

Levend biologisch wezen.

Organism spillway

organisme overlaat

Overflow

overlaat

spillway

overlaat

Weir

overlaat

x

flooding inundation

inundatie overstroming

x

inundation | flood

overstroming

inundation

overstroming

Flood

overstroming

A living individual. Een verlaagd stuk in een bandijk, waterkering of andere constructie dienende tot waterafvoer en ter voorkoming of beperking van waterbezwaar elders. Excess water which overflows the ordinary limits of a surface or ground-water reservoir. Waterway in or about a dam or other hydraulic structure for the escape of excess flood waters, in the form of an open channel or closed conduit. Low barrier across a stream for diverting, controlling, stopping or measuring the flow. (see also barrage; barrier; dam; barrage-reservoir) controlled spreading of water for irrigation, etc. Gecontroleerde verspreiding van het water voor bijvoorbeeld irrigatie. Onder water raken van ofwel de begrenzingen van een stroom of een ander oppervlaktewaterlichaam, ofwel van gebieden die normaal niet onder water staan. Gecontroleerde verspreiding van het water voor bijvoorbeeld irrigatie. The condition that occurs when water overflows the natural or artificial confines of a river or accumulates by drainage into lowlying areas.

x

x

Begrip (engels)

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

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Toelichting Bron oevers, technische infrastructuur en de biologische component. Watersysteem. Een geografisch afgebakend, samenhangend en functionerend geheel van oppervlaktewater, grondwater, waterbodems, oevers en technische infrastructuur, met inbegrip van de daarin voorkomende levensgemeenschappen en alle bijbehorende fysische, chemische en biologische kenmerken en processen (Bron: derde Nota Waterhuishouding)

NVA International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Marechal, P., Woordenwijzer Ecologie. Reaal Uitgevers, Lisse, 1991 Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO , "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 's-Gravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd)

National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc

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x

x

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Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

flooding

overstroming

Spill oxidation

overstroming oxidatie

Overflowing by water of the normal confines of a stream or other body of water, or accumulation of water by drainage over areas which are not normally submerged Flow from a reservoir above the spillway crest Proces waarbij elektronen worden onttrokken. (verhoging van positieve lading)

Oxidation

oxidatie

Toelichting

Bron ation/glossary.htm.

Oxidatie- en reductiereacties vormen een belangrijke groep reacties, nl. die waarbij de valentie van een aantal atomen of ionen verandert - oxidatie van de ene stof houdt onvermijdelijk de reductie van een andere in, zodat men niet meer spreekt van aparte oxidatiereacties en reductiereacties maar van redoxreacties.

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. parameter Parameter Een chemische, fysische of wiskundige grootheid die kan optreden De eenheid waarin een waarde van een parameter GWL, aangepast | RWS-A, 1997: als normstelling voor de lozingen en metingen - op basis van wordt uitgedrukt is afhankelijk van de parameter zelf Gebruikershandleiding DONAR Deel 9 waarnemingen, opnames of monsters gemeten of geanalyseerd en het compartiment waarop de parameter Gegevensmodel en Coderingen DONAR, kan worden - voor de bemonstering van het (afval)water, de betrekking heeft. Voorbeelden van mogelijke november 1994, pag. 6-5. | VROM, 1995: (water)bodem, de baggerspecie of het slib, danwel een compartimenten zijn zoetwater, brakwater, Gegevenswoordenboek milieubeheer, hoedanigheid hiervan, in aanmerking komt. zoutwater, zwevende stof en waterbodem. In het Ministerie van Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke CUWVO-rapport Aanbevelingen voor het onderzoek Ordening en Milieubeheer, 1 juni 1995, pag. naar microverontreinigingen in het aquatisch milieu 154. (1989) zijn op deze wijze voor een groot aantal stoffen en andere parameters de compartimenten genoemd die, afhankelijk van de beoogde stof of parameter, het best bemeten kunnen worden. Hierbij speelt de verdelingscoëfficiënt van de stof of parameter een leidende rol. Aan de eenheid waarin waarden zijn uitgedrukt wordt soms nog iets toegevoegd, bijvoorbeeld 't.o.v. NAP'. Deze toevoegingen worden hoedanigheden genoemd. parameter parameter Coëfficiënt in een model, formule of andere relatie die gevarieerd mag worden om deze toe te passen op specifieke gevallen. parameter parameter Een coëfficiënt die de grootte van een systeemkenmerk aangeeft. Wegwijzer BOP, versie 1.1, 14 juni 1996 Hierbij kunnen twee soorten parameters worden onderscheiden: een harde parameter en een zachte parameter. Parameter parameter A quantity that is assumed constant in time. A parameter is most often a representation of a physical, chemical or ecological characteristic of reality. Pathogenic pathogeen Any virus or other microorganism capable of causing disease Adapted Pathogenen Ziekteverwekkende organismen Bijvoorbeeld virussen, aaltjes, e.d. stage | water level peil Kortstondig gemiddelde van de hoogteligging van de waterspiegel In plaats van waterstand wordt "Peil" veel gebruikt t.o.v. een referentievlak, zoals NAP. voor vaste vergelijkingshoogten zoals NAP, en voor nagestreefde waterstanden zoals zomerpeil. Stage (of a stream) peil (van een waterloop) Elevation of the water surface of a stream relative to a datum.

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The consuming or breaking down of organic wastes or chemicals in sewage by bacteria and chemical oxidants.

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Begrip (Nederlands)

Percolation

percolatie

x

percolation

Percolatie (grootheid)

percolation pesticide

percolatie (proces) pesticide

Pesticide

pesticide

plankton

plankton

Plankton

Plankton

polder

polder

Polder

polder

Polychlorinated biphenyl

Polychloor bifenyl

x

Begrip (engels)

x x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

polychloorbifenyl

x

polycyclische aromatische koolwaterstof Polynuclear or polycyclische Polycyclic Aromatic aromatische Hydrocarbons koolwaterstoffen pump

Pomp

Pump

pomp

porosity

porositeit

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Definitie Toelichting (see also water level) The flow of water downward from the landsurface into a certain geological layer. De filtersnelheid van de neerwaarts gerichte stroming van water in de capillaire zoom of in de onverzadigde zone. Neerwaartse beweging van water in de onverzadigde zone. Substantie of mengsel van substanties voor de voorkoming, vernietiging en beheersing van (planten-) ziektes. Any substance used to control pests ranging from rats, weeds, and insects to algae and fungi. Pesticides can accumulate in the food chain and contaminate the environment if misused.

Bron

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. verzamelnaam voor alle levende planten of dieren die in het water Veruit de meeste soorten die tezamen het plankton Marechal, P., Woordenwijzer Ecologie, Reaal Uitgevers, Lisse 1991. zweven of drijven en zich niet of nauwelijks zelfstandig kunnen vormen zijn te klein om met het blote oog te zien. voortbewegen Het belang van plankton is dat het in het water de basis vormt van het voedselweb Small plants (phytoplankton) and animals (zooplankton) which Adapted either have relatively small powers of locomotion or drift in the water subject to the action of waves and currents. The chief constituents of phytoplankton are unicellular algae, protozoa, smal Een gebied, dat door een waterkering beschermd is tegen water van buiten en waarbinnen het peil beheerst kan worden. Piece of low-lying land reclaimed by dikes from the sea or other body of water. One of a range of synthetic compounds mainly used as liquid International Navigation Association (2000) insulators in heavy-duty electrical transformers. They are resistant Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, in the environment and are associated with reduced reproduction in Report of Working Group n.º3 of the marine birds and mammals and are believed to compromise the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Polychloorbifenyl of PCB, groep van aromatische koolwaterstoffen zeer giftige en resistente chemische verbindingen met twee benzeenringen, waaraan tevens een chlooratoom die oa voorkwamen in transformatoren en gebonden is. bestrijdingsmiddelen (Afkorting: PAK), groep van chemische verbindingen waarvan de moleculaire structuur is opgebouwd uit een reeks aan elkaar gekoppelde benzeenringen. A class of complex organic compounds, having more than one International Navigation Association (2000) benzene ring, some of which are persistent and cancer causing Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, PAHs are often produced by coal gasification plants and oil Report of Working Group n.º3 of the refineries and may be formed by the combustion of petroleum. Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. Werktuig dat door middel van een verschil in druk vloeistoffen of REGIS (TNO) gassen verplaatst An element of the network. A device that raises the hydraulic head of water. The relationship describing the head imparted to a fluid as a function of its flow rate through the pump is termed the pump characteristic curve. Het (intergranulaire) volume van de poriën gedeeld door het totale Themagroep: Morfologie

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Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Porosity

porositeit

precision

Precisie

Precision

precisie

x

primaire productie Primary productivity primaire productiviteit project

project

project

Project

Project

project puntbron

Point source

puntbron

boundary conditions randvoorwaarden

x

x

Boundary conditions randvoorwaarden right bank

rechteroever

Right bank

rechteroever

rain-fed river

regen rivier

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting Bron volume van de grond (bodemdeeltjes en poriën). The ratio of the volume of void spaces in a rock or sediment to the Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. total volume of the rock or sediment. Merril Publishing Co. De spreiding van een stochastische grootheid ten opzichte van Wordt beschreven door een covariantiematrix. Een HTW haar gemiddelde. maat voor de precisie van een enkele grootheid is de standaardafwijking (1 sigma). In de praktijk wordt met precisie soms ook de variantie sigma^2 of bijvoorbeeld 2 sigma bedoeld. Soms wordt ook gesproken van een cm-nivo of dm-nivo, dit geeft dan tevens de resolutie van gegevens aan. Het is dus goed om bij onduidelijkheid te vragen welke precisie-maat nu eigenlijk wordt bedoeld. Bijvoorbeeld: met een precisie van 2 sigma = 10 cm wordt bedoeld dat 95% van de gevallen minder dan 10 cm van de werkelijke waarde afwijkt. The quality of being reproducible in amount of performance. With Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) models and other forms of quantitative information, precision refers Draft guidance on the development, evaluation specifically to the number of decimal places to which a number is and application of regulatory environmental computed as a measure of the "preciseness" or "exactness" with models. The Council for Regulatory which a number is computed. Environmental Modelling, US EPA. het aanleggen van de basis van het voedselweb The amount of organic matter produced by photosynthesis, from Adapted inorganic substances, within a given volume of water or habitat area, measured in a unit of time. Een bundeling van bij elkaar behorende onderzoeksactiviteiten en RWS-A, 1997: Informatieplan Water, 1987 middelen (personeel, financieel, materieel) in de tijd uitgezet voor de uitvoering van een onderzoek. Ad-hoc groepering van voorkomens van entiteiten ten behoeve van UvW, 1996: GW '96 een speciaal doel (project) A model study. Dedication De oorsprong van een emissie, die gekenmerkt wordt door een Kan ook een bron van calamiteuze aard zijn, zoals Landelijke watersysteemrapportage 1994, specifieke locatie. een gat in een scheepsromp. Een lozingswerk (van Commissie Integraal Waterbeheer CUWVO, kleine omvang) werkgroep VII A stationary location where pollutants are discharged, usually from Frick GW (1984) Environmental Glossary. an industry. Any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, Rockville: Government Institutes. 325 pp. including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, (Terms extracted from Â?Development of well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, Environmental StatisticsÂ?, Glossary of Environmental Terms (Â?)). Beschrijving van de wijze waarop uitwisseling (massa, energie) van Er kunnen drie soorten randvoorwaarden worden het gemodelleerde systeem met de omgeving plaatsvindt. onderscheiden: Dirichlet-, Neumann-en Robin (of Cauchy)-randvoorwaarde Conditions put to the (spatial) boundaries of a model in order to make the solution of a differential equation unambiguous. De oever die zich aan de rechterkant van de waterloop bevindt, CHO (319) wanneer men stroomafwaarts kijkt. Margin of a channel at the right-hand side when facing downstream. Rivier die in overheersende mate door regenwater wordt gevoed.

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Ephemeral stream

Begrip (Nederlands) regenrivier

Definitie Toelichting Stream which flows only in direct response to precipitation or to the flow of an intermittent spring.

relative humidity

relatieve vochtigheid

Relative humidity

relatieve vochtigheid

De verhouding van de heersende dampdruk e tot de verzadigingsdampdruk es bij dezelfde temperatuur: The ratio of the actual vapour pressure of the air to the saturation vapour pressure of the air. It is strongly dependent on temperature.

residual error

restfout

Residual

restfout

Reynolds number

reynolds getal

Reynolds number

reynoldsgetal

Sewer System

riolering

sewage system

Rioolstelsel

Sewage

rioolwater

waste water | sewage river

Rioolwater

Afvalwater dat met een rioolstelsel is verzameld

rivier

River

rivier

salinity

saliniteit

Een brede natuurlijke waterloop die de afwatering van een stroomgebied verzorgt. Large stream which serves as natural drainage channel for a drainage basin. (see also current; stream; watercourse) Het totale gewicht aan vaste stof per gewichtseenheid zeewater, als alle carbonaten zijn omgezet in oxyden, alle organische stof is geoxydeerd en alle broom- en jodium-ionen zijn vervangen door equivalente hoeveelheden chloor-ionen.

01-11-06

Bron International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm.

Verschil tussen de uitkomsten van een model en metingen na parameteroptimalisatie. Deviation between the model prediction and the field measurement. Residuals form the basis for establishment of objective functions. Dimensionless number expressing the ratio of viscous forces to iertia forces. v = velocity of flow; l = a characteristic length; u = kinematic viscosity Een dimensieloos getal dat in de vloeistofmechanica wordt gebruikt om aan te geven of de stroming laminair of turbulent is. The system which collects waste water from the consumers to waste water treatment Een stelsel van (civiel)technische voorzieningen dat zich onder of In dit kader wordt onder afvalwater tevens boven het aardoppervlak bevindt, bestemd voor de inzameling, verontreinigd hemelwater verstaan. Als een transport en tijdelijke opslag van afvalwater. rioolstelsel voorzieningen heeft om rioolwater en hemelwater afzonderlijk te bevatten, dan spreekt men van een gescheiden rioolstelsel. (Bron: Zuiveringsschap Veluwe) In dit kader wordt een Rioolstelsel in beheer bij een gemeente verondersteld. Sewage refers to waste water or rainwater originating from, or accompanying, domestic, industrial or commercial activities (excluding farming).

Het aantal grammen opgeloste zouten per kilogram (zee)watermonster. Als zodanig lastig te bepalen en in de praktijk doorgaans afgeleid met behulp van een empirische, internationaal overeengekomen conversieformule, waarvan de coëfficiënten van tijd

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GFO-RIO, gewijzigd

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

Salinity

saliniteit

The concentration of sodium chloride or dissolved salts in water, usually expressed in EC units or milligrams of total dissovled solids per liter (mg/L TDS).

Schematisation

schematisatie

schematisation

schematisering

Flow, supercritical Torrent

schietend water schietend water

supercritical flow

schietendwater

foam

schuim

Scum

schuim

Simplified representation of the spatial and/or temporal distribution of variables and parameters. See also grid. Vereenvoudigde voorstelling van de ruimtelijke en temporele verdeling van systeemvariabelen en parameters. Flow with a mean velocity greater than the critical velocity. Watercourse having a supercritical slope, flowing in general with great velocity and turbulence. Stromingstoestand waarbij de watersnelheid groter is dan de voortplantingssnelheid van lange golven - hierdoor kunnen storingen zich niet in bovenstroomse richting voortplanten. Colloïdaal systeem van een fijn verdeeld gas in een vloeistof ontstaat door het opkloppen van een vloeistof met lage oppervlaktespanning en kan vooral lang stabiel blijven als er oppervlakte actieve stoffen aanwezig zijn. Scum refers to suspended matter found on the surface of a sedimentation or fire extinguishing tank. Scum usually has a large content of fat.

simulation

simulatie

Simulation

simulatie

x

direct run-off Direct runoff

snelle afvoer snelle afvoer

specific discharge

specifieke afvoer

Specific discharge

specifieke afvoer

Specific discharge (from a basin)

specifieke afvoer (uit een basin)

Discharge per unit area.

specific storage

specifieke berging

Berging boven een nader aan te geven referentievlak per eenheid van horizontaal oppervlak.

x

x

x

x

Begrip (engels)

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

01-11-06

Toelichting tot tijd worden bijgesteld

Bron Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia.

CHO (505), zonder toelichting

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Reproductie of voorstelling van een gebeurtenis of serie van gerelateerde gebeurtenissen in een model. Use of a validated model to gain insight into reality and obtain predictions that can be used by water managers. This includes insight into how reality can be expected to respond to human interventions. De totale afvoer minus de basisafvoer. That part of surface runoff which reaches the catchment outlet shortly after the rain starts. Its volume is equal to rainfall excess. Some procedures for its derivation include prompt subsurface runoff but all exclude base flow. Afvoer per oppervlakte-eenheid van het beschouwde gebied (met Af te raden termen: afvoercoëfficiënt, een gekozen overschrijdingsfrequentie) die wordt gebruikt voor het afvoerdichtheid, afvoerfactor ontwerp van leidingen en bijbehorende kunstwerken. An apparent velocity calculated from Darcy's law; represents the flow rate at which water would flowin in an aquifer if the aquifer was an open conduit. Also known as Darcian flow velocity.

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Refsgaard JC, Henriksen HJ (2004) Modelling guidelines - terminology and guiding principles. Advances in Water Resources, 27, 71-82. CHO (531) International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. Naar CHO (535) Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm.

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Begrip (engels) Specific retention

Definitie Toelichting The ratio of the volume of water that the rock or sediment will retain against the pull of gravity to the total volume of the rock or sediment. stability stabiliteit Eigenschap van een rekenproces waarbij de fout van opeenvolgende berekeningen niet toeneemt. Stability stabiliteit Property of a numerical method for which the solution errors converge to a finite limit as the number of time steps or iterations goes to infinity. Habitat standplaats The environment in which an organism lives. Habitat can also refer to the environment in a particular place. In modelling studies, habitat is often qualified by its quality and quantity of its physical attributes. habitat Standplaats ruimtelijke eenheid die homogeen is voor wat betreft de (ecotopenindeling) belangrijkste abiotische standplaatsfactoren die voor de plantengroei van belang zijn. habitat Standplaats (praktisch) de wortelzone van een bodemkundig, waterhuishoudkundig en vegetatiekundig homogeen deelgebied op lokale schaal (perceel of klein natuurgebied van enkele hectares). habitat standplaats (strikt) de kleinste in een bepaald verband als fysieke eenheid beschouwde omgeving van de plant, waarbinnen de standplaatsfactoren overeenstemmen met de fysiologische behoeften van een plant. steady-state model | stationair model Model dat niet dynamisch is - de veranderingen in de tijd worden stationary model | niet gemodelleerd. static model Stationary model stationair model A model that is not dynamic, i.e. a model where everything is considered stationary in time. stochastic model stochastisch model Een model waarvan de uitvoer meerdere waarden uit een kansverdeling aan kan nemen door onzekerheden in de invoer of in het modelconcept Stochastic Model stochastisch model A model that includes variability in model parameters and variables. The solutions obtained by the model is therefore a function of both the deterministic input and model structure and the random variability. oxbow lake | bayou strang Dode riviertak in het winterbed. Ox-bow strang Abandoned part of a former meander, left when the stream cur a new, shorter channel. strekdam Dam langs de normaallijn welke richting geeft aan een stroming. Bij rivier specifiek in holle oevers, gemaakt van zand, afgedekt met zinkstukken en bestorting van steen evenwijdig aan de stroomrichting. spur strekdam Structure built from the bank of a stream in a direction transverse to the current. subcritical flow stromend water Stromingstoestand waarbij de watersnelheid kleiner is dan de voortplantingssnelheid van lange golven. Hierdoor planten storingen zich ook in bovenstroomse richting voort. Flow, subcritical stromend water Flow at a velocity less than critical. current stroming Aan- of afvoer van water of gassen die in een specifieke richting plaatsvindt.

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Begrip (Nederlands) specifieke berging

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Bron Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. Definition modified

CHO (356) Prisma Technisch woordenboek, ir. H. Damerau, gewijzigd

CHO (504), verkort

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

Begrip (engels) Streamflow

Begrip (Nederlands) stroming

Definitie General term for water flowing in a stream or river channel.

downstream Downstream stream tube

stroomafwaarts stroomafwaarts stroombuis

Stream tube

stroombuis

Gericht naar de riviermonding. In the direction of the current. Denkbeeldige koker met vaste afvoer en begrensd door stroomlijnen, deel uitmakend van een aangenomen stromingspatroon. Surface formed by stream lines passing through a closed curve (which is not a stream line). een gebied vanwaar al het over het oppervlak lopende water via een reeks stromen, rivieren en eventueel meren door één riviermond, estuarium of delta, in zee stroomt An area of land, bounded by a divide, in which water flowing across the surface will drain into a stream or river and flow out of the area through a specified point on that stream or river Synonomous terms are catchment and watershed. Generally a basin is defined at a regional scale whereas a catchment or a watershed can be of smaller area. The term catchment is mostly used in Europe, while watershed is a preferred term in USA. Lijn waarvan de richting in ieder punt de richting van de gemiddelde Dit in tegenstelling tot een stroombaan. (-)snelheid aangeeft die op een gegeven tijdstip bestaat. Line in a moving fluid continuum consisting always of the same fluid particles. Curve described by a moving particle of water. A line (commonly transverse to groundwater level contours) that represents the flow path for a particle of water.

stroomgebied

x

x

x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Basin

stroomgebied

stream line

stroomlijn

Fluid line

stroomlijn

Path line Streamline

stroomlijn stroomlijn

current speed

Stroomsnelheid

Flow velocity

stroomsnelheid

weir | barrage

stuw

01-11-06

De gemiddelde stroomsnelheid van het water, zijnde het quotient van de cumulatieve aanvoerhoeveelheid en de natte oppervlakte Vector indicating the speed (velocity) and direction of a moving liquid (e.g. water). Vaste of beweegbare constructie die dient om het peil bovenstrooms van de constructie te verhogen c.q. te regelen.

Toelichting

Bron International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. CHO (357)

CHO (313) | RWS: themagroep Geografie/Watersystemen

CHO (570)

Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia.

De profielverdediging van de stuw aan de Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst bovenstrooms een benedenstroomse zijde wordt, indien van toepassing, als afzonderlijk kunstwerk opgegeven. De koppeling tussen de diverse kunstwerken vindt plaats via de gegevenselementen identificatie kunstwerk (aangrenzend bovenstrooms) en identificatie kunstwerk (aangrenzend benedenstrooms). Identieke naast elkaar gelegen stuwen worden als afzonderlijk kunstwerk beschreven. Alleen met behulp van het gegevenselement Aantal identieke stuwen naast elkaar wordt deze situatie vorm gegeven. Het aan de stuw te relateren peil kan worden afgeleid uit de gegevens van het peilvak waarin of waaraan de

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x

x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

Barrage

stuw

Sill

stuw

Barrier provided with a series of gates or other control mechanisms, across a stream to control the water-surface level upstream, to regulate the flowor to divert water supplies into a canal. (see also barrier;dam; weir) low structure built across an affluent stream, a diversion channel or outlet, to reduce or prevent the flow until the main-river stage reaches the crest of the structure. De waterspiegel in een waterloop waar de diepte groter is dan de evenwichtsdiepte als gevolg van opstuwing benedenstrooms.

back water curve, stuwkromme positive back water curve Backwater curve stuwkromme substrate

substraat

Substrate systematic error

substraat Systematische fout

Bias

systematische fout

time step

tijdstap

Time step (of a giventijdstap (van een model) gegeven model) Toeslag

01-11-06

Longitudinal profile of the water surface in a stream where the water surface is raised above its normal level by a natural or artificial obstruction. Vast materiaal, zoals zand en dood of levend blad, waarin organismen leven.

Toelichting stuw is gelegen.

Bron

CHO (515), aangevuld

De bodem, maar ook een steen, drijvende boomstam of de beschoeiing kunnen dienen als substraat

The base on which an organism lives and grows. Glossary from unknown source B. Fouten die door een nader te bepalen functie kunnen wordenSystematische fouten zijn alle fouten die geenIMO resolutie A.860(20) - vertaald beschreven. toevallige fout zijn. Dat kan dus van alles betekenen, bijvoorbeeld: constante voor groot gebied, evenredig aan topografie, gecorreleerd met het opnamesysteem (bijvoorbeeld strookgewijze fouten). In GIS-termen: een afwijking in de metingen die in alle (meet-)resultaten terug komt en die niet in een verwerkingsproces is te corrigeren. Voorbeelden: Als 1 waarnemer uit een ploeg van 2 mensen altijd 5 cm boven het prisma mikt ontstaat een systematische fout. Als op een laseraltimeter een verkeerde schaalfactor wordt toegepast (bijv. lichtsnelheid) ontstaat een systematische fout die evenredig is met de hoogte zelf. Als de plaats van een sensor in een boot of vliegtuig 2 cm verkeerd is ingemeten is dat een toevallige fout (kan plus of min zijn) maar dit heeft een systematische fout (hier constante fout) in het eindresultaat tot gevolg. Systematic deviation between a measured (i.e., observed) or Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) computed value and its “true” value. Bias is affected by faulty Draft guidance on the development, evaluation instrument calibration and other measurement errors, systematic and application of regulatory environmental errors during data collection, and sampling errors such as models. The Council for Regulatory incomplete spatial randomization during the design of sampling Environmental Modelling, US EPA. programs Periode tussen twee opeenvolgende tijdstippen waarvoor een model binnen de simulatieperiode de hydrologische processen en gesteldheid berekent. Unit interval of time used by discrete model for time series simulations. Extra afslag waarmee in rekening wordt gebracht: effecten van de

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

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x

x

x

x

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Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

Surcharge

toeslag

crest stage | flood crest stage Flood crest

topstand

total storage

Totale berging

Storage, valley

totale berging

toxicity Toxicity

toxiciteit toxiciteit

transpiration

transpiratie

Transpiration

transpiratie

turbidity

troebelheid

Turbidity

troebelheid

trophic level

trofieniveau

Trophic level

trofisch niveau

Turbulent flow turbulent flow

turbelente stroming turbulente stroming

01-11-06

topstand

Definitie Toelichting variatie van de stormvloedduur, buistoten en bui-oscillaties en de onnauwkeurigheden van het rekenmodel. Condition in which the hydraulic gradient is higher than the soffit of a pipe. The flow is pressurised. Hoogste peil op een bepaald punt aan een rivierbij passage van een afvoergolf. Highest (peak) elevation of the water level during a flood in a channel. De totale inhoud van de riolering onder het niveau van de bovenkant van de laagste overstortdrempel in een rioleringsgebied Volume of water stored between any two specified points along a stream, including both the channel and the flood plain. Giftigheid. The degree of danger posed by a substance to animal or plant life. Level of mortality by a group of organisms that have been affected by the properties of a substance, such as contaminated water, sediment, or dredged material. A term describing the limit of intolerance of organisms to survive lethal chronic or short-term subjection to certain chemical and contaminating substances or physical and environmental conditions. Het gedeelte van de totale verdamping dat vanuit de bodem via de planten (huidmondjes en cuticula) in de atmosfeer komt. The process by which water in plants is transferred to the atmosphere as water vapour.

Mate van ondoorzichtigheid van een op zichzelf heldere vloeistof veroorzaakt door de aanwezigheid van fijn verdeeld zwevend materiaal. Reduced water clarity resulting from the presence of suspended matter. Turbidity, a unit indicating a degree of impurities in water, is used in tests of water and waste water turbidness. The turbidity of 1 liter of water containing 1 mg of kaolin is set at 1 degree of turbidity. Voedselniveau, de productie en overdracht van levende organische stof als hoofdcomponent van een ecosysteem - de drie hoofdniveaus worden gevormd door de producenten, consumenten en reducenten. A nourishment level in a food chain. Plant producers constitute the lowest level, followed by herbivores and a series of carnivores at the higher levels. The liquid is mixing between layers of fluid Stromingstype dat niet of nauwelijks wordt bepaald door de viscositeit. De waterdeeltjes verplaatsen zich wervelend in de richting van de stroom.

Bron

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm. NH Adapted

Glossary from unknown source B.

CHO (503), aangepast

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RfC HarmoniQua glossary

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Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Flow, turbulent

Begrip (Nederlands) turbulente stroming

turbulence Turbulence

turbulentie turbulentie

Turbulence

turbulentie

flood plain

uiterwaard

Flood plain

uiterwaard Uitlogen

x

Uitlogen

Leach

uitlogen

Depletion curve

uitputtings curve

recession curve

uitputtingskromme Vaargeul

Vaargeul vaargeul val

x

landslide

val

Fall variable

val variabele

x

Channel Water way fall

x

Vaargeul

01-11-06

Definitie Toelichting Bron Flow with the turbulence. In channel flow, it occurs at Reynolds number larger than approximately 5000. onregelmatige, wervelende beweging van het water Agitation superimposed on the average flow, and composed of fluid motions which are uncoordinated and in a state of continuous change agitation of water or airflow characterized by cross-currents and eddies. Een deel van het winterbed, door kaden en door bandijk of hoger Stroken land langs een rivier tussen de zomer en de CHO(323) winterdijk. Het zijn buitendijkse gronden die in de gelegen land begrensd. winter, bij aanvoer van veel regenwater, onder water staan. In de zomer worden ze meestal voor beweiding gebruikt. Adjoining nearly level land at the bottom of the valley of a stream flooded only when the streamflow exceeds the carrying capacity of the normal channel. (Oplosbare stoffen die in een substantie aanwezig zijn) door behandeling met een waterig oplosmiddel van de onoplosbare afscheiden Het proces waarbij water in een materiaal dringt en bepaalde Bijvoorbeeld het (natuurlijk) proces waarbij de in stoffen oplost waardoor deze in de omgeving terechtkomen duinzand aanwezige kalk (calciumcarbonaat) onder invloed van regen in oplossing gaat en naar dieper gelegen lagen verdwijnt. To undergo the process by which materials in the soil are moved Frick GW (1984) Environmental Glossary. into a lower layer of soil or are dissolved and carried through soil by Rockville: Government Institutes. 325 pp. water. (Terms extracted from Â?Development of Environmental StatisticsÂ?, Glossary of Environmental Terms (Â?)). Curve shoving a decreasing rate of runoff or discharge, caused by depletion. Dat gedeelte van de afvoerverlooplijn waarin de afvoer gedurig CHO (543) afneemt, als gevolg van het alleen optreden van basisafvoer. De geul die de 'holle' oevers volgt. ook in de zeearmen waar wanneer de oever onder de laagwaterlijn ligt van een onderzeese oever gesproken wordt Het deel van de (breedte van de) bodem van de vaarweg dat voor de scheepvaart door baggeren op een bepaalde minimale diepte gehouden moet worden. Deepest portion of a river bed, in which the main current flows Navigable width of river, channel, lake, etc. Het dalen van de waterspiegel als gevolg van afnemende Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, rivierafvoer. CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986. In los gepakt zand optredende omvangrijke en mootsgewijze Een dergelijke val bestaat uit een snelle CHO (383b) bodemuitvloeiïng, veelal kom- of schelpvormig begrensd. opeenvolging van afschuivingen. drop of water level at a point of a stream during a certain time. Grootheid die uit een gegeven reeks waarden elke willekeurige waarde aan kan nemen.

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x

x

x x

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels) Variable

Begrip (Nederlands) variabele

Evaporation

Verdamping

Definitie A quantity that varies in time. Variables may be divided into state variables (or internal variables), input variables and output variables. The physical process by which liquid is transformed into vapour.

evaporation | actual Verdamping (grootheid) De (totale) verdamping van een al of niet begroeid oppervlak. evaporation | actual evapotranspiration evaporation verdamping (proces) De overgang van water in vloeibare of vaste vorm in waterdamp. hydraulic gradient verhang Het quotiënt van het verval tussen twee punten en hun afstand.

Slope (of water surface) head loss

verhang (wateroppervlak) verval

Inclination of the water surface expressed as the difference in elevation of two points divided by their distance. Verschil in peil tussen twee punten van een waterloop op een bepaald tijdstip.

Fall Fall

Verval Verval

pollutant | contaminant Contamination

vervuiling

difference of the water levels at two points on a stream difference of water levels at the two sides of a weir or other hydraulic control structure (Ongewenste) substantie of activiteiten in een systeem of compartiment ingebracht. Introduction of any undesirable foreign substance -- physical, chemical or biological -- into an ecosystem. Does not imply an effect (see pollution). Usually refers to the introduction of humanproduced substances.

Pollutant

vervuiling

A contaminant at a concentration high enough to endanger the environment or the public health.

saturated zone | zone of saturation

verzadigde zone

Saturated zone

verzadigde zone

viscosity

viscositeit

Deel van de bodem waarin de poriën geheel met water zijn gevuld, dus inclusief de capillaire zone. In gesteenten met afgesloten poriën, tijdens stolling ontstaan, kunnen de poriën lucht of gas (in plaats van water) bevatten. The zone in which voids in rock or soil are filled with water at a pressure greater than atmospheric. The water table defines the top of the saturated zone in unconfined aquifers. Een maat voor de weerstand tegen vervorming van een vloeistof onder invloed van een belasting (een maat voor de dikvloeibaarheid

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vervuiling

Toelichting

Bron

National Weather Forecast Service Office, NOAA, Glossary of Select Meteorological, Climatological and Hydrological Terms. URL: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/ScienceandEduc ation/glossary.htm.

Het verval is dus het verschil in waterhoogte tussen Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, twee knooppunten van een vak op een bepaald CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'stijdstip. Het verhang in de bodemhoogte kan Gravenhage, 1986 (aangepast) berekend worden uit de bodemhoogten van de betrokken knooppunten. Deze bodemhoogten zijn per knooppunt vastgelegd. Het is af te raden deze term te gebruiken voor getijverschil.

Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd).

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

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Viscosity

viscositeit

high water flood tide flood flood current Flood

x

Flood channel flood channel

vloed vloed vloed vloed vloed Vloedgeul vloedgeul vloedschaar

Flood channel volume flux

vloedschaar volumestroom

Flux

volumestroom

x x x x

Begrip (engels)

x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW

Voorde was

Freshet

was

water

water

Water

water

x

water balance

waterbalans

Water balance waterbalans water management waterbeheer

x

Ford rise

x

Voorde

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Definitie Toelichting Bron of stroperigheid) The property of a fluid describing its resistance to flow. Units of Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. viscosity are newton-seconds per meter squared or pascalMerril Publishing Co. seconds. Viscosity is also known as dynamic viscosity. De toestand van hoogwater. Gebruik van vloed in deze betekenis wordt ontraden CHO (421b), gewijzigd Het stijgen van de waterspiegel na de ebkentering. CHO (421c) De toestand waarin de vloedstroom overheerst. CHO (421c) Stroom in de richting die overheerst bij stijgend water. CHO (421c) relatively high flow as measured by stage height or discharge. Geul waarin een vloedstroom overheerst Channel for flood water Een getijgeul, die voornamelijk openligt voor de vloedstroom en die aan het landwaartse einde een drempel heeft. enlarged stream channel occupied during periods of high water. Het volume water dat per tijdseenheid door een gedefinieerde doorsnede stroomt. The volumetric flow rate per unit area through which flow occurs. Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) See also Discharge. Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. Een doorwaadbare, verharde plaats in de waterloop, die dient voor De profielverdediging van de voor de aan de Legger info waterkwantiteit de oversteek van die waterloop bovenstroomse en benedenstroomse zijde wordt, indien van toepassing, als afzonderlijk kunstwerk opgegeven. De koppeling tussen de diverse kunstwerken vindt plaats via de gegevenselementen identificatie kunstwerk(aangrenzend bovenstrooms) en identificatie kunstwerk(aangrenzend benedenstrooms). Shallow place where a stream may be crossed by traffic. Het stijgen van de waterspiegel als gevolg van toenemende CHO (384) rivierafvoer. Flooding or overflowing of a stream caused by heavy rains or snowmelt. De meest algemene, over de gehele aarde verbreide vloeistof die, Van Dale Groot Woordenboek voor de als zij zuiver is, geen kleur, reuk of smaak heeft en waarvan de Nederlandse Taal. Geerts, G., en H. moleculen uit twee atomen waterstof en één atoom zuurstof Heestermans (red.), Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, Antwerpen, Twaalfde druk, 1992 bestaan (H2O). Liquid phase of a chemical compound consisting of approximately two parts by weight of hydrogen and 16 parts by weight of oxygen. In nature it contains small amounts of heavy water, gases and solids (mainly salts) in solution. De vergelijking van de hoeveelheden water betrokken bij toevoer, afvoer, onttrekking en verandering in berging over een bepaalde periode en binnen een gegeven gebied. Balance of water flows, see balance. Het geheel van onderzoekingen, plannen, technische werken en Water voor nu en later: Economische bestuurlijke maatregelen, dat dient om te komen tot een zo aspecten

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x

x

Water management waterbeheer waterdiensten

Water services

waterdiensten

water use

watergebruik

water use

watergebruik

Water uses

watergebruik

watercourse

waterloop

Watercourse

waterloop

Watercourse

waterloop

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Definitie Toelichting Bron doelmatig mogelijk integraal beheer van het aanwezige grond- en oppervlaktewater. Planned development, distribution and use of water resources. diensten die ten behoeve van gezinnen, openbare instellingen en andere economische actoren voorzien in: onttrekking, opstuwen, opslag, behandeling en distributie van oppervlakte- of grondwater installaties voor de verzameling en behandeling van afvalwater die daarna op oppervlaktewater lozen Water-related services may include abstraction of the resource, production of water for different purposes (such as domestic, industrial), conveyance and distribution to end users (agriculture, industries, households), collection of wastewater, treatment and recycling back to water bodies, and flood control. waterdiensten, alsmede elke andere overeenkomstig artikel 5 en bijlage II (Europese Kaderrichtlijn Water) geconstateerde activiteit met significante gevolgen voor de toestand van water.Deze definitie geldt voor de doeleinden van artikel 1 en voor de economische analyse overeenkomstig artikel 5 en bijlage IIIa, punt b) Het aanwenden van water voor een bepaald doel, zonder dat binnen het beschouwde systeem de beschikbare hoeveelheid water vermindert. Water is used for a number of purposes: Water supply for drinking International Navigation Association (2000) water, irrigation, and industry (including food production), as a Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, recipient of waste water from the public sector, industry and Report of Working Group n.º3 of the agriculture, for transport, for energy production, for recreation, Permanent Environmental Commission, riverine and other ecosystems, and Biodiversity. Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. CHO (340) Een langgerekte verlaging in het terrein van natuurlijke of Naast specifieke benamingen zijn er nog vele kunstmatige oorsprong die permanent of periodiek stromend water andere in gebruik: tocht, wetering, vaart, sloot, bevat. gracht, leiding, open leiding, gang, wijk, priel, geul enz. Toelichting: Deze termen worden veelal regionaal gebruikt om waterlopen aan te duiden van bepaalde afmeting, functie, oorsprong, beheerstoestand, e d . De namen geven ook een zekere rangorde van belangrijkheid of afmeting aan die echter niet algemeen geldend is. Geadviseerd wordt dan ook als het om de afwatering gaat, de rangorde in een waterlopensysteem aan te geven met (van groot naar klein) primair, secundair en tertiair. Natural or artificial channel through which water flows rather continuously or intermittently (e.g. seasonally) natural stream not wholly dependent on surface water in the immediate vicinity, flowing along a bed between visible banks or through a depression (e.g. ravine, swamp) in surrounding lands, having a definite and permanent or periodic supply of water and a perceptible current in a particular direction and discharging at a fixed point into a body of still or flowing water (lake, larger stream, sea) or disappearing underground.

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x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Zooplankton

Begrip (Nederlands) werkelijkheid werkelijkheid

zooplankton zooplanton

sea water intrusion | zoutindringing salt intrusion Saltwater intrusion zoutwater indringing Recharge

aanvulling

groundwater recharge base flow

grondwateraanvulling

Baseflow

basisafvoer

basisafvoer

Definitie beeld van de echte of hypothetische wereld die alles van belang omvat The natural system, understood here as the study area.

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specifieke capaciteit

Adapted CHO (487)

A movement of salt water inland through soils into freshwater aquifers. The process which replenishes groundwater, usually by rainfall infiltrating from the ground surface to the water table and/or by surface water entering the water table or exposed aquifers. The addition of water to an aquifer. Algemeen begrip voor de aanvulling van de grondwatervoorraad. Trage afvoer - dat deel van de afvoer dat als gevolg van langdurige berging eerst na geruime tijd tot stand komt.

Bron Refsgaard JC, Henriksen HJ (2004) Modelling guidelines - terminology and guiding principles. Advances in Water Resources, 27, 71-82.

dierlijk plankton The animal component of the plankton. Tiny aquatic animals that fish feed on. Het binnendringen van zeewater in een waterloop of in de grond

Part of the discharge which enters a stream channel mainly from groundwater, but also from lakes and glaciers during long periods when no precipitation or snowmelt occurs. Complementary to quickflow. Anisotropy Anisotroop The condition under which one or more hydraulic properties at any point within the groundwater flow system vary with the direction of measurement. anisotropy anisotropie Conditie van een medium dat niet in alle richtingen dezelfde eigenschappen heeft. river bed rivierbed Het lage deel van een rivierdal waardoor meestal de gehele afvoer plaatsvindt. River bed rivier bedding Lowest part of a river valley shaped by the flow of water and along which most of the sediment and runoff moves in interflood periods. storage berging Het volume water dat aanwezig is binnen een bepaald gebied, eventueel gespecificeerd in een nader aan te geven deel van de grond. Storage berging Impounding of water in surface or underground reservoirs, for future use storage capacity bergingscapaciteit Het volume water dat geborgen kan worden tussen het stuwpeil en het aanvaardbaar hoogste peil. Storage capacity, beschikbare Volume of water in a reservoir between the minimum and the available bergingscapaciteit maximum water levels during operating conditions. specific capacity of a specifieke capaciteit van Debiet van een put per meter afpomping. well een put Specific capacity

Toelichting

Glossary from unknown source A. Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia. De berging kan plaatsvinden in de bodem, in meren Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, (waaronder stuwmeren), in de vorm van sneeuw CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'senz. Gravenhage, 1986, gewijzigd

CHO (320), gewijzigd

Bij grondmonsters wordt veelal gesproken van vochtinhoud.

Af te raden term: open-water-berging

De stijghoogteverlaging veroorzaakt door de afpomping wordt gemeten direct naast de put (stationaire toestand).

An expression of the productivity of a well, obtained by dividing the

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology.

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critical depth Critical depth

grensdiepte Kritische diepte

type 1 error

Type 1 fout

type 2 error

Type 2 fout

False Negative

fout negatief

False Positive

fout positief

x

x

Af-/aanvoergebied

Discharge area

afvoergebied

drainage basin hydraulics

afwateringsgebied hydaulica

Hydraulics

Hydraulica

indicator

indicator

Environmental indicator

milieu indicator

x

Precipitation gauge neerslag meter

raingauge

Regenmeter

precipitation depth Areal precipitation

specifieke neerslag neerslag per oppervlakte

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Definitie Toelichting rate of discharge of water from the well by the drawdown of water in the well. Specific capacity should be described on the basis of the number of hours of pumping prior to the time the Waterdiepte bij kritische stroming. Depth of water flowing in an open channel under conditions of critical flow. fouten waarbij een waarneming zonder blunder onterecht wordt verworpen die fouten waarbij een waarneming met een blunder onterecht wordt geaccepteerd Also known as false acceptance decision errors. False negatives occur when the null hypothesis or baseline condition cannot be rejected based on the available sample data. The decision is made assuming the baseline condition is true when in reality it is false. Also known as false rejection decision errors. False positives occur when the null-hypothesis or baseline condition is incorrectly rejected based on the sample data. The decision is made assuming the alternate condition or hypothesis to be true when in reality it is false. Een gebied begrenst door (stroom)scheidingen, waaruit beschouwd Het afvoerpunt is vaak een zee of meer en de vanuit het afvoerpunt het water van dat gebied afstroomt of via afvoer wordt vaak gerealiseerd door een waterloop. bemaling getransporteerd wordt naar het desbetreffende afvoerpunt. An area where there are upward components of hydraulic head in the groundwater system resulting in the flow of water to springs, seeps or surface water bodies, or by evaporation and transpiration. Een gebied waaruit het water wordt afgevoerd. Betrekking hebbend op de leer van de vloeistoffen, omvattende de hydrostatica en de hydrodynamica, of de toepassing er van Branch of fluid mechanics dealing with the flow of water (or other liquids) in conduits and open channels. Organisme dat door haar aanwezigheid de toestand van bepaalde milieuomstandigheden aangeeft. Environmental indicator refers to a measure/ parameter for evaluating a given environmental state as quantitatively as possible. Environmental indicators are used for various purposes, including (1) assistance to devising plans and measures, (2) assistan General term for any device that measures the amount of precipitation principally a raingauge or snow gauge. meetinstrument om de hoeveelheid neerslag in een bepaalde tijdspanne te bepalen De neerslag die per eenheid van horizontaal oppervlak valt. Precipitation in a specific area expressed as the average depth of liquid water over this area.

Bron Merril Publishing Co. Naar CHO (506) IMO resolutie A.860(20) - vertaald IMO resolutie A.860(20) - vertaald Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) Draft guidance on the development, evaluation and application of regulatory environmental models. The Council for Regulatory Environmental Modelling, US EPA. Pasqual P, Stiber N and Sunderland E (2003) Draft guidance on the development, evaluation and application of regulatory environmental models. The Council for Regulatory Environmental Modelling, US EPA. GWN

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Naar: STOWA, 1997. International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm.

International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO.

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Toelichting

No Observed Effect niveau waarbij geen Level effect wordt waargenomen

NOEL is used to express the maximum value within the range in which no chronic effect is observed in animal tests concerning the chronic toxicity of chemical substances. The level at which no adverse effect is observed is called NOAEL (No Observed Advers

no effect level

no effect level

River training

rivier normalisatie

to train spillway

normaliseren overlaat

Hoogste van een reeks toegepaste concentraties in een toxiciteitsexperiment waarbij geen effect wordt waargenomen. Engineering river works built in order to direct the flow, or to lead it into a prescribed channel, or to increase the water depth for navigation and other uses. Het vastleggen van de beddingbreedte van een rivier. Een verlaagd stuk in een bandijk, waterkering of andere constructie dienende tot waterafvoer en ter voorkoming of beperking van waterbezwaar elders. Auxiliary spillway used in the event of floods exceeding the capacity of the main spillway. Kortstondig gemiddelde van de hoogteligging van de waterspiegel In plaats van waterstand wordt "Peil" veel gebruikt t.o.v. een referentievlak, zoals NAP. voor vaste vergelijkingshoogten zoals NAP, en voor nagestreefde waterstanden zoals zomerpeil. Elevation of the free-water surface of a body of water relative to a datum level. (see also stage) Het peil in een kleine waterloop behorende bij een afvoer die Deze afvoer volgt uit de specifieke afvoeren van de gemiddeld 1 dag per jaar wordt bereikt of overschreden. deelgebieden. Stage at which damage or inconvenience due to a flood begins locally near a particular gauge. Het punt waar door middel van een werk water in een In dit kader wordt onder afvalwater tevens oppervlaktewater wordt gebracht, zonder dat het water uit een verontreinigd hemelwater verstaan. In dit verband wordt niet gesproken over diffuse emissies, maar ander oppervlaktewater afkomstig is worden louter de lozingen als bedoeld onder artikel 1 van de Wet verontreiniging oppervlaktewateren in dit kader meegenomen. The place where an effluent is discharged into receiving waters.

Emergency spillway nood overlaat

x

Definitie

stage | water level

peil

Water level

waterstand

high water level

hoog waterpeil

Stage, warning

hoogwaterpeil

point of spill

Lozingspunt

Outfall

lozingspunt

pollutting matter

verontreinigende stof

Contaminant

vervuilende stof

suspended matter

zwevend stof

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iedere stof die tot verontreiniging kan leiden, met name de in bijlage VIII (Europese Kaderrichtlijn Water) genoemde stoffen Any foreign substance present in another substance; e.g., in the case of water, a chemical or biological substance in a form that can be incorporated into, onto, or be ingested by and that harms aquatic organisms, consumers of aquatic organisms, or users

Bron URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. GR, 1988a.

Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO , "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 's-Gravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd)

RWS-A: themagroep Vergunningen | GWN

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104. International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Gedeelte van het sediment dat continu zwevend wordt gehouden Praktisch verkregen door filtratie of centrifugeren door de opwaartse componenten van de turbulente stroming, of als van monsters.

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Suspended material zwevend stof

Definitie Toelichting colloïde in suspensie. The part of the sediment load that is in suspension. Inorganic and organic particles that are suspended in water. The term includes fine sand-, silt-, and clay-size particles as well as other solids such as biological materials suspended in the water column.

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

x

x

x

x

Flow, varied Flow, non-uniform

x

niet-eenparige stroming Flow occurring in streams having a variable cross section or slope. niet-eenparige stroming Flow in which the velocity vector is not constant along every streamline. varied flow | nonniet-eenparige stroming Stroming in een open leiding waarbij tenminste één van de uniform flow hydraulische grootheden (waterdiepte, stroomsnelheid, dwarsdoorsnede) verandert in de lengterichting ((/(s(0). dynamic viscosity dyanmische viscositeit Verhouding tussen de viscositeit ( en dichtheid ( van een stof. Viscosity, kinematic kinematische viscositeit Ratio of absolute viscosity expressed in poises (grams per centimeter second) to the density in grams per cubic centimeter, at room temperature (Asce nomenclature for hydraulics.) Unsaturated zone niet-verzadigde zone The zone between the land surface and the water table. It includes the root zone, intermediate zone and capillary fringe. The pore spaces contain water at less than atmospheric pressure, as well as air and othre gases. Saturated bodies, such as perched groundwater, may exist in the unsaturated zone. Unsaturated zone niet-verzadigde zone The zone between the land surface and the water table. It includes the root zone, intermediate zone and capillary fringe. The pore spaces contain water at less than atmospheric pressure, as well as air and othre gases. Saturated bodies, such as perched groundwater, may exist in the unsaturated zone. unsaturated zone | onverzadigde zone Deel van de bodem waarin de poriën niet of partieel met water zijn vadose zone | zone gevuld, exclusief de capillaire zone. of aeration Aquiclude acquiclude A saturated geological unit that is incapable of transmitting significant quantities of water under ordinary hydraulic gradients. aquiclude aquiclude Niet doorlatende geologische formatie die water kan bevatten, maar door de lage doorlatendheid slechts een uiterst geringe bijdrage kan leveren aan de voeding van drains, putten etc. Cauchy boundary cauchy-randvoorwaarde Randvoorwaarde waarbij de (lineaire) relatie tussen de variabele condition | Robin (bijv. stijghoogte h) en zijn normale afgeleide (randstroming) boundary condition gegeven is Cauchy condition voorwaarde van Cauchy A boundary condition for a groundwater model where the relationship between the head and the flow at a boundary is specified, and the model computes the groundwater flux for the head conditions applied. Also known as a Head-Dependent, mixed or Third Type current stroming Aan- of afvoer van water of gassen die in een specifieke richting plaatsvindt. Current Stroom Flowing water (see also river; stream; watercourse) Environmental Milieu Effect Environmental impact assessment refers to a process involving the Impact Assessment Beoordeling investigation, estimation and evaluation of the effect of a project or

Bron

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CHO (501b), gewijzigd

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Freeze RA and Cherry JA (1979) Groundwater. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.

Murray-Darling Basin Commision (2000) Groundwater Flow Modelling Guideline. Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd, South Perth, Australia.

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Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie activity on the environment and is usually conducted by the proponent for the proposed undertaking in the process of p Environmental milieu effect rapportage Een studie naar de milieu-effecten van bepaalde ingrepen, Impact Assessment processen of inrichtingen. head loss verval Decrease of total head, expressed of height , due to energy dissipation. head loss verval Verschil in peil tussen twee punten van een waterloop op een bepaald tijdstip. Hydraulic conductivity

doorlaatfactor

hydraulic conductivity | conductivity

doorlaatfactor

Hydraulic gradient

verhang

hydraulic gradient

verhang

Hydraulic jump

watersprong

hydraulic jump | stationary wave hydraulic structure

watersprong

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Kunstwerk

Toelichting

Bron

De Milieu Effect Rapportage (MER)-studie is in zowel Nederland als Vlaanderen wettelijk verankerd. Het is af te raden deze term te gebruiken voor getijverschil.

A coefficient of proportionality that describes the rate at which water can move through a permeable medium. It is dependent upon properties of both the fluid (viscosity and density) and the medium. Een maat voor het vermogen van de grond om vloeistof of gas door te laten, gelijk te stellen aan de volumestroom door een eenheid van oppervlakte als de stijghoogtegradiënt in een isotroop medium loodrecht op het oppervlak gelijk is aan één . The change in total head with a change in distance in a given direction. The direction is that which yields a maximum rate of decrease in head. See also Energy gradient. Het quotiënt van het verval tussen twee punten en hun afstand. Het verval is dus het verschil in waterhoogte tussen twee knooppunten van een vak op een bepaald tijdstip. Het verhang in de bodemhoogte kan berekend worden uit de bodemhoogten van de betrokken knooppunten. Deze bodemhoogten zijn per knooppunt vastgelegd. Sudden passage of water in an open channel from sub-critical depth to super-critical depth, accompanied by energy dissipation. Staande golf optredend bij de overgang van schietend naar stromend water. Civiel-technisch werk voor de infrastructuur van wegen, water, Een kunstwerk onderscheidt zich van andere spoorbanen,waterkeringen en/of leidingen niet bedoeld voor civieltechnische werken en installaties, doordat het permanent menselijk verblijf. met het oog op de infrastructuur van wateren en/of waterkeringen een zekere functie vervult zoals waterkwantiteits-, waterkwaliteits- en/of waterkeringenbeheer. Door de modulaire opzet kan in civieltechnisch(e) werk of installatie uit meerdere kunstwerken bestaan. Wat het gebruik van de termen lengte en breedte betreft, gaan we voor de oriëntatie uit van het kunstwerk (object) zelf. Zo is bijvoorbeeld de lengte van een brug de breedte van de haaks overspannen waterloop. Heeft een relatie in Rol subject. Voorbeelden: bruggen, tunnels, sluizen en stormvloedkeringen. Overbruggingen, waterstaatkundige werken en waterkerende constructies. Overbruggingen kunnen zijn: brug, viaduct, aquaduct enz. Een voorbeeld van een waterstaatkundig werk is een sluis. Voorbeelden van waterkerende constructies zijn stuw en vaste

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Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (gewijzigd). Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co. Verklarende Hydrologische Woordenlijst, CHO, "Rapporten en nota's" nr.16, 'sGravenhage, 1986 (aangepast)

Beleidsplan vastgoedinformatie, gewijzigd

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Begrip (engels)

Begrip (Nederlands)

x

Hydraulic structures Kunstwerk nitrification

nitrificatie

Nitrification

Nitrificatie

observation well

peilbuis

x

partial differential equation Partial Differential Equation Parts per million

x

x

x

x

observation well

x

Observation well

Definitie Technical installations by means of which measures are taken in water management for the utilization of water resources and protective measures taken against harmfull effects of water. De oxydatie van ammoniumionen door bacteriën. Meestal is nitriet het tussenproduct en nitraat het eindproduct van deze oxydatie. Nitrification refers to the process in which ammonia, produced by biological catabolism, or resulting from organic matter decomposition by bacteria, is oxidized to nitrite and then to nitrate. Second-phase oxygen demand (on and after the 10th day) on BOD

parts per million

Concentratie van een stof, in delen per miljoen.

Recession

uitputting

Period of decreasing discharge as indicated by the falling limb of a hydrograph starting from the peak.

recession curve

uitputtingskromme

Reservoir, storage

stuwmeer

reservoir, storage reservoir Respiration

stuwmeer

Dat gedeelte van de afvoerverlooplijn waarin de afvoer gedurig afneemt, als gevolg van het alleen optreden van basisafvoer. Reservoir impounding water for useful purposes, e.g. water supply, power, irrigation and recreation. Het meer bovenstrooms van een stuwdam.

respiration

respiratie

respiratie

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NNI, 1991 - vertaald uit ISO 6107-1-2.27. International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Soms ook gebruikt voor het nemen van grondwater Algemene term voor een buis of soortgelijke constructie met een kleine diameter voorzien van een filter, waarin de grondwaterstand monsters c.q. stijghoogte kan worden gemeten. peilbuis A non-pumping well used to observe the elevation of the water table or the potentiometric surface. An observation wells is generally of larger diameter than a piezometer and typically screened or slotted throughout the entire thickness of the aquifer. peilput Algemene term voor een constructie met een grote diameter, waarin de grondwaterstand of stijghoogte kan worden gemeten. partiële Differentiaalvergelijking met meer dan één onafhankelijke differentiaalvergelijking variabele. partiele Differential equations with more than one independent variable. differentiaalvergelijking parts per million Parts per million, commonly considered equivalent to milligrams per litre or kilogram (mg/L or mg/kg). This is a weight per volume or weight per weight measurement used in contaminant analysis.

parts per million

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Toelichting dam.

Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. Merril Publishing Co.

International Navigation Association (2000) Glossary of Selected Environmental Terms, Report of Working Group n.º3 of the Permanent Environmental Commission, Supplement to Bulletin No. 104.

Gewoonlijk gewichtsdelen (1 ppm = 1 mg kg -1= 1 (mol mol -1), voor gas en lucht ook wel volumedelen. International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO, WMO. URL: http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~hubert/glu/aglo.htm. CHO (543)

The process by which organisms utilize organic materials (food) as a source of energy. As the energy is released, oxygen is used and carbon dioxide and water are produced. Ademhaling (van een organisme). Dit is een proces in levende organismen waarbij zuurstof wordt opgenomen en kooldioxide wordt uitgestoten die vrijkomt bij de verbranding van

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Glossary from unknown source B.

RfC HarmoniQua glossary

Begrip (Nederlands)

Definitie

Roughness Coefficient

weerstandscoëfficiënt

x

roughness coefficient

weerstandscoëfficiënt

x

specific storage

specifieke berging

Specific storage

specifieke berging

specific yield

opbrengstcoëfficiënt

Specific yield

opbrengstcoëfficiënt

Succession

successie

succession

successie

Thalweg

thalweg

x

thalweg

talweg

Upstream upstream water manager

stroomopwaarts stroomopwaarts waterbeheerder

Water Manager

waterbeheerder

It defines the roughness of the interior surface of the pipe. This value is unitless for Hazen-Williams or Chezy-Manning head loss formulas, and in mm or millifeet for the Darcy-Weisbach (or Colebrook-White) formulation. Een factor in de snelheidsformules van Darcy-Weisbach, Manning Deze factor geeft het energieverlies ten gevolge van CHO (524) - zonder de slotopmerking en anderen voor het berekenen van de gemiddelde snelheid van de ruwheid aan.Opmerkingen water in een waterloop. - De symbolen en eenheden zijn varaibel en afhankelijk van de gebruikte formule. - De C in de formule van Chézy is de reciproke waarde van een weerstandscoëfficiënt. Berging boven een nader aan te geven referentievlak per eenheid van horizontaal oppervlak. The volume of water released from or taken into storage per unit Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. volume of a permeable medium per unit change in head. Merril Publishing Co. De hoeveelheid water per volume-eenheid van de bodem die, Wegens de vaagheid van laatstgenoemde voorwaarde wordt het gebruik van de term uitgaande van de verzadigde toestand, onder invloed van de zwaartekracht wordt gedraineerd, als daarbij een periode van bergingscoëfficiënt in plaats van voldoende lengte in acht wordt genomen. opbrengstcoëfficiënt aanbevolen. The ratio of the volume of water that a permeable medium will yield Fetter CW (1980) Applied Hydrogeology. by gravity drainage to the volume of the permeable medium. Merril Publishing Co. The sequential, systematic, replacement of species by other Glossary from unknown source A. species in a biological system. De in tijd opeenvolgende veranderingen die zich in de vegetatie voltrekken, waarbij een plantengemeenschap of vegetatietype ontstaat of in een ander overgaat. Line following the deepest part of a streambed or channel or of a valley. De vloeiende lijn in langsrichting die de diepste punten van een CHO (325), gecomb. met WMD1090 en rivierbed of van een dal verbindt. gewijzigd In the direction opposite to the main current. Tegenovergesteld gericht aan stroomafwaarts. CHO (358) Organisatorische eenheid of derde (niet-natuurlijke rechtspersoon), De onderverdeling kan betreffen een fysiek Informatie- plan Water 1987 verantwoordelijk voor de zorg en het gebruik van (een deel van) deelsysteem, danwel een funktioneel deelsysteem een hydrologisch systeem. (kwantitatief en kwalitatief). A water manager is the person or organisation responsible for the management or protection of the water resource, and thus of the modelling study and its outcome (the problem owner).

x

x

Begrip (engels)

x x

N H

Versie 1.0 Definitief Auteur IDsW Toelichting complexe organische stoffen.

The water manager is the counterpart of the modeller. If the water manager and the modeller belong to different organisations their roles will typically be denoted client and consultant, respectively

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