TUGAS AKHIR. Studi Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing

TUGAS AKHIR

Studi Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Dalam Meraih Gelar Sarjana (S1)

Disusun Oleh : Nama

: Hendry Aristyo Putro

NIM

: 41608010020

Program Studi

: Teknik Industri

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA JAKARTA 2012

http://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN

Yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini, Nama


NIM

: 41608010020

Jurusan

: Teknik Industri

Fakultas

: Teknik

Judul Skripsi

: Studi Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing

Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa hasil penulisan Tugas Akhir yang telah saya buat merupakan hasil karya sendiri dan benar keasliannya, kecuali pada bagian yang disebutkan sumbernya.Apabila ternyata di kemudian hari penulisan Tugas Akhir ini merupakan hasil plagiat

atau

penjiplakan

terhadap

karya

orang

lain,

maka

saya

bersedia

mempertanggungjawabkan sekaligus bersedia menerima sanksi berdasarkan aturan tata tertib di Universitas Mercu Buana. Demikian, pernyataan ini saya buat dalam keadaan sadar dan tidak dipaksakan.

Penulis

(Hendry Aristyo Putro)


LEMBAR PENGESAHAN Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing

Disusun Oleh:

Nama


NIM

: 41608010020

Jurusan

: Teknik Industri

Pembimbing,

(Ir. Dana Santoso, MEngSc.PhD )

Mengetahui, Koordinator Tugas Akhir/ Ketua Program Studi

( Ir. Muhammad Kholil MT )


KATA PENGANTAR

Assalaamu alaikum, Wr. Wb. Puji syukur kepada Allah SWT, atas limpahan rahmat dan karunia –Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan laporan tugas akhir ini. 1.

Bapak dan Ibu penulis yang selalu mendoakan dan memberikan semangat yang luar

biasa, 2.

Nisa, rian, harits, dila, tama, ricki, yulis, siswanto, achmad yang telah menjadi teman

yang baik, yang memberikan semangat dan membantu dalam proses penyusunan laporan tugas akhir, 3.

Bapak Muhammad Kholil ST, MT. sebagai koordinator kerja praktek di Jurusan

Teknik Industri, 4.

Bapak Dana ST, MT. selaku pembimbing tugas akhir yang telah berkenan

membimbing saya dalam menyusun laporan tugas akhir 5.

Bapak Torik Husein ST, MT. selaku dosen pembimbing akademik di Jurusan Teknik

Industri angkatan 2008 dan selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik 6.

Bapak arif Munandar dan para staff karyawan PT. TMMIN yang telah membimbing

dan membantu penulis, 7.

Semua teman– teman Teknik Industri Mercu Buana

terimakasih atas kebersamaannya.


khususnya angkatan 2008,

Akhirnya penulis berharap agar laporan kerja praktek ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca. Wassalaamualaikum, Wr. Wb.

Jakarta, Agustus 2012

Penulis


DAFTAR ISI TUGAS AKHIR ....................................................................................................... i LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................... ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN..................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. iv KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ vi DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah ...................................................................................... 3 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................................... 3 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................ 3 1.5 Ruang lingkup Penelitian .............................................................................. 4 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................... 4 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................. 6 2.1. Manufaktur .................................................................................................. 6 2.1.1 Input .................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1.1 Desain Produk ..................................................................................... 7 2.1.1.2 Bahan Baku ......................................................................................... 7 2.1.1.3 Mesin................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1.4 Energi Listrik ....................................................................................... 9 2.1.1.5 Sumber Daya Informasi ....................................................................... 9 2.1.1.6 Sumber Daya Manusia ( Tenaga Kerja Manusia) ................................. 9 2.1.2 Proses .................................................................................................. 9 2.1.2.1 Jenis- Jenis Proses Produksi ................................................................. 9 2.1.3 Output ............................................................................................... 10 2.1.3.1 Limbah .............................................................................................. 10 2.2. Green Manufacturing ................................................................................ 12 2.2.1 Input .................................................................................................. 13 2.2.1.1 Green Suply Chain Management ........................................................ 13


2.2.1.2 Green Teknologi ................................................................................ 14 2.2.1.3 Green Bahan Baku ............................................................................. 14 2.2.2 Proses ................................................................................................ 15 2.2.2.1 Green Proses...................................................................................... 15 2.2.2.2 Produksi Bersih ( Cleaner Production) .............................................. 15 2.2.3 Output ............................................................................................... 20 2.2.3.1 Green Output ..................................................................................... 20 2.3 Literatur Green Manufacturing ................................................................... 21 2.4 Standar Green Manufacturing .................................................................... 22 2.4.1 ISO 14001 ......................................................................................... 22 2.4.1.1 Definisi ISO 14001 ............................................................................ 23 2.4.2 SNI 19-14004-2005 ........................................................................... 24 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ............................................................... 27 3.1 Studi Literatur ............................................................................................ 27 3.2 Survey Lapangan ........................................................................................ 27 3.3 Perumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 27 3.4 Penetapan Tujuan Penelitian ....................................................................... 28 3.5 Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data ............................................................ 28 3.6 Analisis Green Manufacturing .................................................................... 28 3.7 Kesimpulan dan Saran ................................................................................ 28 BAB IV PENGUMPULAN DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA ................................... 30 4.1. Pengumpulan Data..................................................................................... 30 4.1.1 Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ............................................................ 30 4.1.1.1 Sejarah Singkat .................................................................................. 30 4.1.1.2 Visi dan Misi Perusahaan ................................................................... 31 4.1.1.3 Karawang Plant ................................................................................. 32 4.1.2 Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing ............................................ 33 4.1.2.1 Kebijakan Lingkungan ....................................................................... 33 4.1.2 Perencanaan ....................................................................................... 33 4.1.2.1 Dampak Lingkungan.......................................................................... 33 4.1.2.2 Undang- Undang dan persyaratan yang berlaku: ................................ 33 4.1.2.3 Indikator ............................................................................................ 35 4.1.2.3.1 Jumlah Energi Yang Digunakan ...................................................... 35


4.1.3 Penerapan .......................................................................................... 35 4.1.3.1 Organisasi Safety Health and Environment (SHE).............................. 35 4.1.3.2 Program Training ............................................................................... 40 4.1.3.3 Kesigapan Tanggap Darurat ............................................................... 40 4.1.3.3.1 Prosedur Penanggulangan Gawat Darurat. ....................................... 40 4.1.3.3.2 Prosedur Penanggulangan Kebakaran .............................................. 42 4.1.3.4 Program Minimalisasi Limbah ........................................................... 43 4.1.3.5 Manajemen Pengolahan Limbah ........................................................ 45 4.1.4 Pemeriksaan....................................................................................... 61 4.1.4.1 Pemantauan ....................................................................................... 61 4.1.4.2 Audit Internal .................................................................................... 61 4.1.5 Tinjauan Manajemen ......................................................................... 66 4.1.5.1 Tinjauan Manajemen ......................................................................... 66 4.2 Pengolahan Data ......................................................................................... 68 4.2.1 Pemenuhan Kriteria Standar ISO 14001 ............................................. 70 BAB V ANALISIS HASIL .................................................................................... 72 5.1 Analisis Hasil ............................................................................................. 72 5.1.1 Analisis Green Manufacturing ........................................................... 72 5.1.1.1 Kebijakan Lingkungan ....................................................................... 74 5.1.1.2 Perencanaan ....................................................................................... 74 5.1.1.3 Penerapan .......................................................................................... 74 5.1.1.4 Pemeriksaan....................................................................................... 75 5.1.1.5 Tinjauan Manajemen ......................................................................... 75 BAB VI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................... 76 6.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................ 76 6.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 77 DAFTAR PUSTAKA…........………………………………………………………..78


DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 1. 1 Data emisi CO2 (juta ton)..................................................................................... 2 Tabel 2. 1 Literatur Green Manufacturing .......................................................................... 21 Tabel 2. 2 Petunjuk praktis – Model sistem manajemen lingkungan/ SNI 19-14004-2005 ... 25 Tabel 4. 1 Petunjuk praktis – Model sistem manajemen lingkungan/ SNI 19-14004-2005… 68 Tabel 4. 2 checklist pemenuhan standar ISO 14001………………………………………… 70 Tabel 5. 1 Review pemenuhan standar ISO 14001 .............................................................. 72


DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2. 1 Siklus manufaktur ............................................................................................ 6 Gambar 2. 2 Sistem manufaktur dan sitem produksi .............................................................. 7 Gambar 2. 3 Prinsip- prinsip manufaktur hijau .................................................................... 12 Gambar 2. 4 Bagan Teknik Cleaner Production................................................................... 16 Gambar 2. 5 Strategi pengelolaan lingkungan dengan produksi bersih ................................. 17 Gambar 2. 6 Siklus PDCA .................................................................................................. 20 Gambar 3. 1Diagram alir metodologi peneitian ................................................................... 29


Lampiran 1- Dokumen Kebijakan Lingkungan


Lampiran 2 – Identifikasi Dampak Lingkungan


Lampiran 3 – Konsumsi Energi


Lampiran 4 –Tujuan dan Sasaran


Lampiran 5 – Contoh Dokumen Pemantauan Udara Bebas


Lampiran 6- Audit Lingkungan


Lampiran 7 – Tinjauan Manajemen


TUGAS AKHIR. Studi Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing

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