TUGAS AKHIR
Studi Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Dalam Meraih Gelar Sarjana (S1)
Disusun Oleh : Nama
: Hendry Aristyo Putro
NIM
: 41608010020
Program Studi
: Teknik Industri
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA JAKARTA 2012
http://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
Yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini, Nama
: Hendry Aristyo Putro
NIM
: 41608010020
Jurusan
: Teknik Industri
Fakultas
: Teknik
Judul Skripsi
: Studi Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing
Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa hasil penulisan Tugas Akhir yang telah saya buat merupakan hasil karya sendiri dan benar keasliannya, kecuali pada bagian yang disebutkan sumbernya.Apabila ternyata di kemudian hari penulisan Tugas Akhir ini merupakan hasil plagiat
atau
penjiplakan
terhadap
karya
orang
lain,
maka
saya
bersedia
mempertanggungjawabkan sekaligus bersedia menerima sanksi berdasarkan aturan tata tertib di Universitas Mercu Buana. Demikian, pernyataan ini saya buat dalam keadaan sadar dan tidak dipaksakan.
Penulis
(Hendry Aristyo Putro)
http://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing
Disusun Oleh:
Nama
: Hendry Aristyo Putro
NIM
: 41608010020
Jurusan
: Teknik Industri
Pembimbing,
(Ir. Dana Santoso, MEngSc.PhD )
Mengetahui, Koordinator Tugas Akhir/ Ketua Program Studi
( Ir. Muhammad Kholil MT )
http://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/
KATA PENGANTAR
Assalaamu alaikum, Wr. Wb. Puji syukur kepada Allah SWT, atas limpahan rahmat dan karunia –Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan laporan tugas akhir ini. 1.
Bapak dan Ibu penulis yang selalu mendoakan dan memberikan semangat yang luar
biasa, 2.
Nisa, rian, harits, dila, tama, ricki, yulis, siswanto, achmad yang telah menjadi teman
yang baik, yang memberikan semangat dan membantu dalam proses penyusunan laporan tugas akhir, 3.
Bapak Muhammad Kholil ST, MT. sebagai koordinator kerja praktek di Jurusan
Teknik Industri, 4.
Bapak Dana ST, MT. selaku pembimbing tugas akhir yang telah berkenan
membimbing saya dalam menyusun laporan tugas akhir 5.
Bapak Torik Husein ST, MT. selaku dosen pembimbing akademik di Jurusan Teknik
Industri angkatan 2008 dan selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik 6.
Bapak arif Munandar dan para staff karyawan PT. TMMIN yang telah membimbing
dan membantu penulis, 7.
Semua teman– teman Teknik Industri Mercu Buana
terimakasih atas kebersamaannya.
http://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/
khususnya angkatan 2008,
Akhirnya penulis berharap agar laporan kerja praktek ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca. Wassalaamualaikum, Wr. Wb.
Jakarta, Agustus 2012
Penulis
http://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/
DAFTAR ISI TUGAS AKHIR ....................................................................................................... i LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................... ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN..................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. iv KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ vi DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah ...................................................................................... 3 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................................... 3 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................ 3 1.5 Ruang lingkup Penelitian .............................................................................. 4 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................... 4 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................. 6 2.1. Manufaktur .................................................................................................. 6 2.1.1 Input .................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1.1 Desain Produk ..................................................................................... 7 2.1.1.2 Bahan Baku ......................................................................................... 7 2.1.1.3 Mesin................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1.4 Energi Listrik ....................................................................................... 9 2.1.1.5 Sumber Daya Informasi ....................................................................... 9 2.1.1.6 Sumber Daya Manusia ( Tenaga Kerja Manusia) ................................. 9 2.1.2 Proses .................................................................................................. 9 2.1.2.1 Jenis- Jenis Proses Produksi ................................................................. 9 2.1.3 Output ............................................................................................... 10 2.1.3.1 Limbah .............................................................................................. 10 2.2. Green Manufacturing ................................................................................ 12 2.2.1 Input .................................................................................................. 13 2.2.1.1 Green Suply Chain Management ........................................................ 13
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2.2.1.2 Green Teknologi ................................................................................ 14 2.2.1.3 Green Bahan Baku ............................................................................. 14 2.2.2 Proses ................................................................................................ 15 2.2.2.1 Green Proses...................................................................................... 15 2.2.2.2 Produksi Bersih ( Cleaner Production) .............................................. 15 2.2.3 Output ............................................................................................... 20 2.2.3.1 Green Output ..................................................................................... 20 2.3 Literatur Green Manufacturing ................................................................... 21 2.4 Standar Green Manufacturing .................................................................... 22 2.4.1 ISO 14001 ......................................................................................... 22 2.4.1.1 Definisi ISO 14001 ............................................................................ 23 2.4.2 SNI 19-14004-2005 ........................................................................... 24 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ............................................................... 27 3.1 Studi Literatur ............................................................................................ 27 3.2 Survey Lapangan ........................................................................................ 27 3.3 Perumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 27 3.4 Penetapan Tujuan Penelitian ....................................................................... 28 3.5 Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data ............................................................ 28 3.6 Analisis Green Manufacturing .................................................................... 28 3.7 Kesimpulan dan Saran ................................................................................ 28 BAB IV PENGUMPULAN DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA ................................... 30 4.1. Pengumpulan Data..................................................................................... 30 4.1.1 Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ............................................................ 30 4.1.1.1 Sejarah Singkat .................................................................................. 30 4.1.1.2 Visi dan Misi Perusahaan ................................................................... 31 4.1.1.3 Karawang Plant ................................................................................. 32 4.1.2 Pemenuhan Kriteria Green Manufacturing ............................................ 33 4.1.2.1 Kebijakan Lingkungan ....................................................................... 33 4.1.2 Perencanaan ....................................................................................... 33 4.1.2.1 Dampak Lingkungan.......................................................................... 33 4.1.2.2 Undang- Undang dan persyaratan yang berlaku: ................................ 33 4.1.2.3 Indikator ............................................................................................ 35 4.1.2.3.1 Jumlah Energi Yang Digunakan ...................................................... 35
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4.1.3 Penerapan .......................................................................................... 35 4.1.3.1 Organisasi Safety Health and Environment (SHE).............................. 35 4.1.3.2 Program Training ............................................................................... 40 4.1.3.3 Kesigapan Tanggap Darurat ............................................................... 40 4.1.3.3.1 Prosedur Penanggulangan Gawat Darurat. ....................................... 40 4.1.3.3.2 Prosedur Penanggulangan Kebakaran .............................................. 42 4.1.3.4 Program Minimalisasi Limbah ........................................................... 43 4.1.3.5 Manajemen Pengolahan Limbah ........................................................ 45 4.1.4 Pemeriksaan....................................................................................... 61 4.1.4.1 Pemantauan ....................................................................................... 61 4.1.4.2 Audit Internal .................................................................................... 61 4.1.5 Tinjauan Manajemen ......................................................................... 66 4.1.5.1 Tinjauan Manajemen ......................................................................... 66 4.2 Pengolahan Data ......................................................................................... 68 4.2.1 Pemenuhan Kriteria Standar ISO 14001 ............................................. 70 BAB V ANALISIS HASIL .................................................................................... 72 5.1 Analisis Hasil ............................................................................................. 72 5.1.1 Analisis Green Manufacturing ........................................................... 72 5.1.1.1 Kebijakan Lingkungan ....................................................................... 74 5.1.1.2 Perencanaan ....................................................................................... 74 5.1.1.3 Penerapan .......................................................................................... 74 5.1.1.4 Pemeriksaan....................................................................................... 75 5.1.1.5 Tinjauan Manajemen ......................................................................... 75 BAB VI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................... 76 6.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................ 76 6.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 77 DAFTAR PUSTAKA…........………………………………………………………..78
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 1. 1 Data emisi CO2 (juta ton)..................................................................................... 2 Tabel 2. 1 Literatur Green Manufacturing .......................................................................... 21 Tabel 2. 2 Petunjuk praktis – Model sistem manajemen lingkungan/ SNI 19-14004-2005 ... 25 Tabel 4. 1 Petunjuk praktis – Model sistem manajemen lingkungan/ SNI 19-14004-2005… 68 Tabel 4. 2 checklist pemenuhan standar ISO 14001………………………………………… 70 Tabel 5. 1 Review pemenuhan standar ISO 14001 .............................................................. 72
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2. 1 Siklus manufaktur ............................................................................................ 6 Gambar 2. 2 Sistem manufaktur dan sitem produksi .............................................................. 7 Gambar 2. 3 Prinsip- prinsip manufaktur hijau .................................................................... 12 Gambar 2. 4 Bagan Teknik Cleaner Production................................................................... 16 Gambar 2. 5 Strategi pengelolaan lingkungan dengan produksi bersih ................................. 17 Gambar 2. 6 Siklus PDCA .................................................................................................. 20 Gambar 3. 1Diagram alir metodologi peneitian ................................................................... 29
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Lampiran 1- Dokumen Kebijakan Lingkungan
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Lampiran 2 – Identifikasi Dampak Lingkungan
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Lampiran 3 – Konsumsi Energi
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Lampiran 4 –Tujuan dan Sasaran
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Lampiran 5 – Contoh Dokumen Pemantauan Udara Bebas
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Lampiran 6- Audit Lingkungan
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Lampiran 7 – Tinjauan Manajemen
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