TRAINING Operational, Maintenance & Trouble Air Cooled - Water Cooled Package

TRAINING Operational, Maintenance & Trouble Air Cooled - Water Cooled Package

PENDAHULUAN Pendinginan adalah suatu proses penarikan kalor (Heat) dari suatu benda /zat sehingga temperaturnya lebih rendah dari keadaan semula. Teknik pendingin adalah usaha untuk menurunkan temperatur suatu benda / zat. Jadi proses pendinginan baru terjadi bila ada kalor yang berpindah dari benda/zat yang akan didinginkan ke benda lain.

PRINSIP DAN SISTEM PENDINGINAN 1. Proses penguapan :

Pada temperatur rendah, refrigeran pada tekanan rendah menyerap kalor dari medium sekelilingnya.

2. Proses Kompresi :

Uap refrigerant yang mempunyai tekanan dan temperatur rendah kemudian di kompresi sehingga tekanan dan temperaturnya naik.

3. Proses Kondensasi :

Uap refrigerant yang bertekanan dan bertemperatur tinggi ini kemudian mengembun (Kondensasi). Pada proses kondensasi, refrigerant melepaskan sejumlah kalor yang diberikan kepada medium sekelilingnya.

4. Proses Expansi :

Refrigerant yang dalam fasa cair kemudian mengalami proses ekspansi sehingga temperatur dan tekanannya turun.

SIKLUS PENDINGINAN 3. KONDENSOR

4. KATUP EKSPANSI

2. KOMPRESSOR 1. EVAPORATOR

1. EVAPORATOR A

mixture of liquid and vapor refrigerant B

refrigerant vapor

air

FINNED - TUBE EVAPORATOR liquid/vapor refrigerant airflow

refrigerant vapor

airflow

PLATE EVAPORATOR All chiller BPHE • Compact size • High efficiency • Low fouling factor

SHELL – AND – TUBE EVAPORATOR chilled water supply baffles

chilled water return

refrigerant vapor tube bundle

liquid/vapor refrigerant

2. COMPESSOR

Scroll

Semi Hermetic Compressor

Helical-rotary © American Standard Inc. 2000

Centrifugal Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

SCROLL COMPRESSOR dome

scrolls

discharge opening

motor suction opening

SCROLL COMPRESSOR stationary scroll discharge

discharge port intake driven scroll

motor shaft

intake

SCROLL COMPRESSOR journal bearing

motor shaft

direction of rotation

driven scroll

SCROLL COMPRESSOR intake discharge port

intake

SCROLL COMPRESSOR intake phase

compression phase

discharge phase

SCROLL COMPRESSOR

PART SCROLL COMPRESSOR

3. CONDENSER C

refrigerant vapor D

liquid refrigerant outdoor air

WATER – COOLED CONDENSER

95ºF

hot, refrigerant vapor

[35ºC]

cooling water 85ºF

[29ºC]

subcooled, liquid refrigerant

subcooler

COAXIAL CONDENSER

EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER fan refrigerant vapor condenser coil pump

sump liquid refrigerant

subcooler

4. EXPANSION

A

mixture of liquid and vapor refrigerant liquid refrigerant

D

TXV OPERATION valve diaphragm 97 psia

[0.67 MPa]

49ºF

spring

[94ºC]

79 psia

[0.54 MPa]

suction line

79 psia 18 psi

[0.54 MPa] [0.13 MPa]

valve pin

TXV OPERATION

evaporator

diaphragm

spring remote bulb

suction line

external equalizer

distributor

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM condenser C high-pressure side

liqui d line D expansion device

Discharge line

B A

compressor

evaporator Suction line low-pressure side

Water Cooled Package System Design

GEHB

GEHB

GEHB

Cooling tower SWUT

SWUT

SWUT Main System Pump

WCVS

WCVS

WCVS

Similar to chilled water Systems, but using a single pipe system

Standby System Pump

COOLING TOWER propeller fan

sprays

fill outdoor air sump 85ºF

[29ºC]

to condenser

from condenser

95ºF

[35ºC]

Air-Cooled Condenser

propeller fan

outdoor air condenser coil

subcooler

COMPONEN SYSTEM

CONDENSER WATER PIPING COMPONEN

CLEANING CONDENSER

REFRIGERANT LINE SERVICE

EVACUATION PROCEDURE Pressure Test the Unit. Open both manifold valves to pressurize both sides of the system. 150 to 300 psi / (1034 to 2068 kPa). Leak test the unit Remove all dry nitrogen from the unit Connect up your vacuum pump Start vacuum pump Check the vacuum leveL 350 microns or lower. Close the vacuum pump isolation valve and observe the micron gauge.

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES Clean the air filter Clean Evaporator Coil Check the drain from operation Check the blower & fan motor from operation Check the motor fan blower amperage Check the V-Belt from operation Check the Pulley & bearing ball from operation Check the electric thermostat from operation Clean water strainer Check gate valve opening Check water flow switch from operation

Clean the condenser coil Check the power supply voltage Check the electrical connection Check the contactor from operation Check the motor compressor amperage Check Oil level On Said Glass Check the motor compressor amperage Check the fan motor condenser operation Check the fan motor amperage Check the unit refrigerant charge Check the room temperature

TROUBLE SHOOTING

TROUBLE ANALYSER