Thank You. Go Green Indonesia! DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW, RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION

Thank You

Go Green Indonesia ! MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW, RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION Jl. Pegangsaan Timur No. 1A, Cikini, Jakarta 10320 Tel. (021) 39830077

www.ebtke.esdm.go.id

[email protected]

MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW, RENEWABLE ENRGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION

DIRECTORATE OF VARIOUS NEW ENERGY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY Jakarta, 2013

ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat

SOLAR ENERGY


 Solar Energy is the energy

gained by converting solar thermal energy through certain equipment to be a resource in another form.  Solar energy is energy derived from the sun. This energy is constantly available as the main energy source for life on earth. http://ditohy.blogspot.com ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat

 The sun is a remarkable source of

energy. Sunlight contains so much energy. At midday, the solar energy reaches the Earth's surface with a peak energy value of one kilowatt (1kW) per square meter per hour. If all the energy can be accommodated, it will be able to provide all electrical power needs in every country on this earth.


 Solar radiation data collected from various

locations in Indonesia shows that solar energy resources in Indonesia can be grouped by regions, namely the western region and the eastern region of Indonesia. Indonesian solar energy resources by region is as the follows :  Western region of Indonesia = 4.5 kWh/m2.day, monthly variation around 10%  Eastern region of Indonesia = 5.1 kWh/m2.day, monthly variation around 9%  Average of Indonesia = 4.8 kWh/m2.day, monthly variation around 9%


 Solar energy potentials in Indonesia are around 4,8 Kilo Watt hour/square meter (KWh/m²) or equivalent to 112 thousand Giga Watt peak (GWp). However, current utilized solar energy is only around 10 Mega Watt peak (MWp). This means that the amount of solar energy potentials that has been utilized is not even close to 1%.  Current utilization of solar energy in Indonesia is still very low, which is around 8 MW, and this utilization is in the form of Solar Home System (SHS) for electricity supply in rural areas.


For Indonesia, the effort to use solar energy brings many benefits, including:  In Indonesia, this energy is available in large quantities.  It strongly supports the national energy policy on energy saving, diversification and equity.  It allows the energy to be used in remote areas as it does not require energy transmission or energy source transport.  Solar energy can be utilized for turning on calculators, water heaters, cars, cookers and so forth.


Use of solar energy in a sailing boat

 With the application of technology, solar energy can be used to produce energy in the form of electricity or thermal energy (heat)  Human efforts to utilize solar energy continue to be developed. Among them is the utilization of solar energy to produce electrical energy as an alternative energy source to replace fuel oil.

http://www.indoenergi.com ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat

 The use of solar energy can

be used as an alternative in cooking where it can be a substitute for kerosene or gas, considering that the prices of kerosene and gas continue to rise.  Solar thermal cooling system: air conditioner that uses solar thermal energy. http://ditohy.blogspot.com ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat

NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY Regulation 1.

2.

3.

4.

Law No. 30/2007 on Energy

Law No. 30/2009 on Electricity

Law No. 27/2003 on Geothermal

Ministerial Regulation No. 31/2009 on Small and Medium Scale Power Generation using Renewable Energy

Description  

Provision and utilization of new & renewable energy should be increased by the government and local government in accordance to their authorities. Provision and utilization of new renewable energy can get incentives from government/local government for certain period until it reaches economical development stage.



Putting priority to utilize locally available energy resources for electricity generation



Process of procurement is implemented through direct selection (without tender)



To regulate the management and development of geothermal energy sources for direct and indirect utilization



According to Ministerial Regulation, the highest benchmark of electricity purchasing price from geothermal power plant is set to be US$ 9,70 cent/kWh.



State owned company (PT. PLN) has the obligation to purchase electricity from smallmedium scale RE power plant which is developed by cooperatives, community or business entities; (Capacity : ≤ 10 MW)



Price :



Rp. 656/kWh x f, if connected to medium voltage Rp. 1,004/kWh x f, if connected to low voltage; f = 1.0, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5 PT. PLN is allowed to purchase electricity higher than the above mentioned price based on PLN’s Own Estimation (OE) price and has to be approved by the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources

5.

Minister of Finance Regulation No. 21/PMK.011/2010 and 24/PMK.011/2010 on Renewable Energy Incentives



Tax facility for renewable energy in the form of Income Tax, VAT, Import Duty and Tax Holiday, Tax Exemption etc.

6

Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No.17 / 2013



About Power Purchase By State Electricity Company (Limited) of Photovoltaic Solar Power plant

ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat 10

SECTORAL ENERGY POLICY Energy Policy of Household Sector

National Energy Conservation Master Plan (RIKEN)

Energy Policy of Commercial Buildings Sector Energy Policy of Industrial Sector

demand side

Solar Energy Position based on Energy Cluster based on Law 30/2007

Energy Policy of Transportation Sector

Vision New Renewable Energy 25/25

CLUSTERAL ENERGY POLICY*) Non Renewable Energy

Conventional Energy Master Plan / Fossils

Energy Policy of Oil Cluster

Energy Policy of Gas Cluster Energy Policy of Coal Cluster

New Energy Energy Policy of Nuclear Cluster Energy Policy of CBM Cluster

Energy Policy of Liquefied Coal Cluster Energy Policy of Hydrogen Cluster

Renewable Energy

Master Plan for National Energy Diversification (RIDEN)

Energy Policy of Geothermal Cluster

Energy Policy of Hydro Cluster Energy Policy of Bioenergy Cluster Energy Policy of Solar Energy Cluster

*) Cluster in accordance with Law 30/2007 on Energy


Energy Policy of Wind Energy Cluster

Energy Policy of Ocean Cluster

supply side

Energy Policy of Gasified Coal Cluster

CLUSTERING OF NEW ENERGY (G) AND RENEWABLE ENERGY(T) ? New Energy “Community” (KEB)

Upstream

Core Business

Downstream

Service

Supporting Business

Technical Matters

Fabrication

Technical Process

Technology

Users


METI Renewable Energy “Community” (KET)

NRE Core Business Forum

NRE Supporting Business Forum NRE Profession Association Forum NRE Users Association Forum

SOLAR ENERGY CLUSTERING

Upstream

Not yet available

Core Business

Downstream

EPC, distributor, integrator, importer available

Service

Supporting Business

Technical Matters

Fabrication

Solar cell fabrication is not yet available (only pv module assembling/encapsulation) *)

Technical Process

Technology

Users

Not established (establishment of Ikatan Ahli Teknik Energi Surya Indonesia is on progress)

Not yet available

*) Fabrications for battery, controller and cable are available locally


NRE Core Business Forum

NRE Supporting Business Forum NRE Profession Association Forum NRE Users Association Forum

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT • The Indonesian history of solar energy utilization with the photovoltaic technology has been introduced and developed since the end of 1970s, especially to meet the electricity demand in rural or remote area • Urban PV program has been launched by the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources on 28th August 2003 and attended by the Minister of Environment and Minister of Research and Technology


ANNUAL EXPOSURE TO SOLAR RADIATION

Indonesia = average 4.8 kWh/m2/day

*) Source : NASA/SSE, 2005


PROGRAM

1. 2.

Rural PV: increasing rural community accessibility to electricity; targeting electricity demand in remote areas Urban PV: targeting middle and high class households, real estates, office and commercial buildings, hotels and resorts, industries and others


RURAL PV OBJECTIVES AND SCHEMES Objectives: 1.

2.

To increase community accessibility to electricity, and is directed to accelerate the rural electrification ratio in order to achieve the ratio of 95% in 2025 As a prime mover in rural community economic development in a sustainable path

Schemes: 1. Communal PV system (Solar Home System) for a scattered household location

2.

Centralized PV system, targeted to a more dense location


URBAN PV OBJECTIVES AND OPTIONS Objectives: 1.

2.

To help the user/consumer to provide electricity on their own and to decrease the dependency of electricity supply from PLN, especially during the peak load To introduce the utilization of renewable alternative energy, which is clean and environmental-friendly

Options: 1. Off-grid: disconnected from PLN grid 2. On-grid: connected to the PLN grid PLN : Electricity State Owned Company ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat

ENERGY RESERVES AND PRODUCTION NO

NON FOSSIL ENERGY

RESOURCES (SD)

INSTALLED CAPACITY (KT)

RATIO KT/SD (%)

1

2

3

4

5 = 4/3

1

Hydro

75,670 MW

5,705.29 MW

7.54

2

Geothermal

28,543 MW

1,189 MW

4.17

3

Mini/Micro Hydro

769.69 MW

217.89 MW

28.31

4

Biomass

49,810 MW

1,618.40 MW

3.25

5

Solar Energy

4.80 kWh/m2/day

13.5 MW

-

6

Wind Energy

3 – 6 m/s

1.87 MW

-

7

Uranium

3.000 MW (e.q. 24,112 ton) for 11 years*)

30 MW

1.00

*) only in Kalan – West Kalimantan

RESERVES (CAD)

RATIO SD/CAD (%)

PRODUCTION (PROD)

RASIO CAD/PROD (YEAR)*)

NO

FOSSIL ENERGY

RESOURCES (SD)

1

2

3

4

5 = 4/3

6

7 = 4/6

1

Oil (billion barrel)

56.6

7.99 **)

14

0.346

23

2

Gas (TSCF)

334.5

159.64

51

2.9

55

3

Coal (billion ton)

104.8

20.98

18

0.254

83

4

Coal Bed Methane/CBM (TSCF)

453

-

-

-

-

*) assumed no new reserves are found ; **) include Cepu blocks


Year

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Additional Capacity (MW)

10

65

115

115

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW)

39

104

219

334

384

434

484

534

584

634

684

734

784

834

GWh

135,60

363,36

766,32

1.169,28

1.344,48

1.519,68

1.694,88

1.870,08

2.045,28

2.220,48

2.395,68

2.570,88

2.746,08

2.921,28

Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (TOE)

0,01

0,03

0,07

0,10

0,12

0,13

0,15

0,16

0,18

0,19

0,21

0,22

0,24

0,25


Development of Solar PV by The Electricity State Own Company (PLN) Unit 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

MW

30

50

60

70

70

75

75

80

80

Solar Energy Resource : 1200 GW

Development of Solar PV by Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources 2012 : 195 units (each unit 15 kW) and 3 units (each unit 1 MW) 2013 : 13 units, the capacity of each unit 1 MW ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat

NATURAL RESOURCES

PRIMARY INDUSTRIES Upstream (utilizing energy sources)

END UTILIZATION Results

Downstream (Energy Conversion)

ENERGY PRODUCTS

Collector Solar Energy Resources

Survey (light and radiation intensities)

SOLAR POWER PLANTS

On Grid (PLN) Power Households

Off Grid

Transportation

SOLAR ENERGY

Industries

Commercial -PV Module -Concentrating Solar Power


SWH, Dryer, Solar Cooker

Non Power

INSTITUTIONAL RELATION IN SOLAR ENERGY EXPLOITATION INSTITUTION

DOWNSTREAM

UPSTREAM POWER

MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES INVESTMENT COORDINATING BOARD (BKPM)

LOCAL GOVERNME NTS

National Electricity Company (PLN)

•Soalr Energy Policies

NON-POWER

•Electric Business License for Public Purposes (IUKU) •Commissioning

•Investment Permit •Location permit •Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL) / Environmental Management Effort (UKL) – Environmental Monitoring Effort (UPL) •Building Construction Permit (IMB) for Power Plants •Establishment of Managing Institutions

•Tender process (large scale) •Bidding Document Evaluation (small scale and medium scale) •PPA

•Generation •Transmission/ Distribution •Operation and Maintenance

MINISTRY OF INDUSTRIES

•Solar energy equipment production license

MINISTRY OF TRADE

•Solar energy equipment trading license

•Government Assistance requires a managing institution established and appointed by the Local Government, which functions include conducting exploitation in order to maintain the sustainability of power plants’ operations.


OBSTACLES AND CHALLENGES 1. Solar PV initial investment is still high, therefore cannot compete with conventional power generation (fossil fueled power generation); 2. Solar PV system efficiency is relatively low; 3. Lack of community awareness to utilize “green energy”; 4. Users attitude; users who received the subsidized solar PV from Government have no responsibility to maintain the equipment (no sense of belonging); 5. Photovoltaic technology is not yet implemented in industrial scale; 6. The are not enough well managed community institutions to manage the installed PV system in a sustainable way 7. No policy harmonization among the policy makers to integrate the management of solar PV implementation; 8. Lack of education/socialization of solar PV application to the community;


LESSON LEARNED •

• • • • •

Satisfactory business environment needed for success implementation in a market development project Project design should focus as much on profitability as on affordability Support to financial institution necessary to increase their knowledge of the market Household and institutional market segments should be targeted flexibly Availability of highly-subsidized systems can undercut market development projects Socio-economic survey should be done to assess development impact


CONCLUSIONS  Solar energy need to be approached in an integral way as a

sustainable activity.  Indonesian government has designated the development of solar energy to fulfill energy needs for areas in Eastern part of Indonesia.  The potential of Indonesia’s solar energy areas in Eastern Part of Indonesia have not yet been mapped, therefore, Korean Investors wishing to participate in developing solar energy in Indonesia can help provide the study of areas suitable for development of solar energy.  The study can help Indonesian government in formulating the policy and implementing the programs as well as attracting investors in the future green energy projects.


APPENDIX


1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012 A. 15 KW Centralized Solar Power Plants NO

1

2

3

4

PROVINCE

WEST SUMATERA

RIAU

JAMBI

SOUTH SUMATERA

NO

DISTRICT

SUB-DISTRICT

VILLAGE

UNIT

1

Sijunjung

Sumpur Kudus

2 3

Solok Pasaman

Payung Sekaki Mapat Tunggul

4

Pasaman Barat

Sungai Beremas

1

Kepulauan Seribu

Pulau Merbau

Sisawah Jorong Simawik Kipek Aie Luo Sungai Belut Pulau Panjang (2 unit) Tanjung Bunga

2

Merbau

Tanjung Kulim

1

3 4 5 6

Kepulauan Seribu Rokan Hulu Indragiri Hilir Kuantan Singingi Bengkalis

Rambah Hilir Mandah Pangean Rupat

1 1 1 1

1

Tanjung Jabung Timur

Sadu

Serombou Indah Bolak Raya Pulau Deras Dusun Teluk Sungai Itik (p. Berhala)

2

Bungo

Rantau Tipu

1

3 4

Sarolangun Batanghari

Pematang Kolin Batu Sawar

1 1

Banyuasin I

Air Kumbang Bakti

2

Muara Sugihan

Gilirang

2

Sidomakmur

1

Lubuk Segonang

2

1 2

Banyuasin

Lembur Lubuk Mengkuang Pelawan Maro Sebo Ulu

3 4


Ogan Komering Ilir

Kandis

TOTAL UNITS

1 1 1

5

2 1 6

1 4

7

1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012 A. 15 KW Centralized Solar Power Plants (continued)

NO

5

6

7

PROVINCE

BENGKULU

BANGKA BELITUNG

WEST JAVA

SPECIAL CAPITAL REGION OF JAKARTA 9 BANTEN 10 CENTRAL JAVA

NO

DISTRICT

SUB-DISTRICT

1

Seluma

North Seluma

2

Kaur

Nasal

3

Kaur

4 5

Kaur Kaur

1

Bangka Selatan

2 3 4 5 1 2 3

Bangka Selatan Bangka Barat Belitung Timur Bangka Barat Cianjur

VILLAGE Sinar Pagi

Bangun Mufakat (Batu Lungun) Batu Lungun (Bangun Nasal bersama) Nasal Air Palawan Maje Sinar Mulya Penutuk (Pulau Lepar Pongok Panjang) Lepar Pongok Penutuk (Tinggi) Simpang Teritip Berang Dendang Nyuruk(Tungkup) Simpang Teritip Ibul Wanasari Naringgul Cinerang Cijati Sukaluyu

UNIT 1 1

1

5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

8

11 SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA

TOTAL UNITS

5

6 Kepulauan Seribu

P. Sabira

1

1 1

Serang

Pulo Ampel

Pulo Panjang

2

1

Banyumas

Sumpiuh

Banjarpanepen

1

2 3

Banjarnegara Blora

Kalibening Kradenan

1 1

1

Gunung Kidul

Gedangsari

Kalisat Kidul Ngeblak Sampang (Sidomulyo) Tegalrejo (ketelo)

1

2


1

5


NO

12

13

14

15

16

PROVINCE

EAST JAVA

BALI

WEST NUSA TENGGARA

EAST NUSA TENGGARA

WEST KALIMANTAN

NO

DISTRICT

SUB-DISTRICT

VILLAGE

UNIT

1

Sumenep

Giligenting

Banmaling

1

2

Jombang

Plandan

Klitih (Rapahombo)

1

3 1 2 3 4

Bojonegoro Karangasem Bangli

Bubulan Abang Kintamani

Bangli

Kintamani

Clebung (Maor) Data Songan B Songan A Yeh Mampeh

1 1 1 2 1

5

Klungkung

Nusa Penida

Sekar Taji

1

1

Lombok Timur

Jerowaru

2 3 4

Sumbawa Lombok Barat Lombok Tengah

Pandan Wangi (Montong Tinggi) Tarano Mata (Maci) Sekotong Pelangan (Pengendan) Praya Barat Daya Batu Jangkih (Semper)

5

Bima

Wawo

1 2

Timor Tengah Selatan Rote Ndao

Nunkolo Hoeneno Rote Ndao Barat Lidor

1 1

3

Belu

Io Kufeu

Ikan Tuan Beis

1

4

Belu

Lasiolat

Fatulotu

1

5

Belu

Malaka Tengah

Barene

1

1

Ketapang

Simpang Hulu

Kualan Hulu (Botong Kanan)

1

2

Sanggau

3

Landak

Kuala Behe

Sehe Lusur (Manggam Bati)

1

4

Kapuas Hulu

Mika

Penyeluang (Penyeluang)

1


Riamau (Kalate)

TOTAL UNITS

9

1 1 1 1

5

1

1

5

4


NO

PROVINCE

17

CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

18

19

20

21

CENTRAL SULAWESI

SOUTHEAST SULAWESI

GORONTALO

WEST SULAWESI

NO

DISTRICT

SUB-DISTRICT

VILLAGE

UNIT

1

Katingan

Sanaman Mantikei

Tumbang Kanei

1

2

Lamandau

Bulik Timur

Sepondam

1

3 4 5

Murung Raya Seruyan Barito Timur

Laung Tuhup Batu Ampar Awang

Beras Balange Kalang Pianggu

1 1 1

6

Barito Utara

Gunung Purei

Lampeong I

1

1 2

Sigi Donggala

1 1

3

Toli - Toli

4

Parigi Moutong

Lindu Tomado (Sangali) Balesang Tanjung Pomolulu Ogomatang Lampasio (Salusu Pande) Tomini Ogotumubu

1

Kolaka Utara

Tolala

Bahari

1

2 3

Buton Kolaka

Batuatas Tinondo

Tolando Jaya Ameroro

2 2

4

Bombana

Lantari Jaya

Tinabete

1

5 1

Bau – Bau Gorontalo

Tolangohula

Bina Jaya

1 1

2

Bone Bolango

Bone Pantai

Pelita Hijau

1

3

Pohuwato

Buntulia

Hulawa

1

4

Gorontalo Utara Hulawa

Sumalata

1

1 2 3 4

Majene MamujuUtara Majene Mamuju Utara

Ulumanda Pedongga Malunda Dapurang

Kabiaran Mertasari Lombang Bolu Bunggu

1 1 1 1

5

Mamasa

Aralle

Rallenak Utara

1


1

TOTAL UNITS

6

4

1

7

4

5


NO 22

PROVINCE MALUKU

NO

DISTRICT

Wetar

Eray

1

2

Maluku Tenggara

Selaru

Eliasa

1

Selaru Wermatikan

Werain Kamatubun (Werlumdity)

1 1

Watmasa (Telnemen)

1

Wunlah

1

Maluku Tenggara Barat

Wuarlabobar

6

24

WEST PAPUA

1

Halmahera Tengah

Weda Utara

UPT Waleh SP 2

1

2

Kepulauan Sula

Taliabu Barat

Pancoran

1

3

Halmahera Timur

Maba Utara

Jara - Jara

1

4

Halmahera Utara

Tobo - tobo

1

1 2 3

Sorong Kota Sorong Manokwari

Wilti Pulau Soop Warmarway

1 1 1

4 5 6 7

Kaimana

Sayal Mogatemin (Hore- hore) Johsiro

1 1 1 1

Alma

1

Sorong Selatan

8

26

PAPUA

UNIT

Maluku Barat Daya

5 NORTH MALUKU

VILLAGE

1 3 4

23

SUB-DISTRICT

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

Kepulauan Loloda Klawak Kota Sorong Tanah Rubuh Teluk Arguni Saifi Kais Moswaren Sawiat

Keerom

Yalimo

Peg. Bintang

Arso Timur

1

Web Senggi Elelim Abenaho Apalapsili

1 1 1 1 1

Okhika TOTAL


Elelim Landikma Apalapsili

TOTAL UNITS

6

4

8

7

1 117

1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012 B. 1 MW Interconnection Centralized Solar Power Plants NO

1

2

PROVINCE

BALI

WEST NUSA TENGGARA

NO

UNIT

TOTAL UNITS

Kubu

1

2

DISTRICT

SUB-DISTRICT

VILLAGE

1

Karangasem

2

Bangli

Kintamani

1

1

Sumbawa

Labangka

1

TOTAL


1

3


Thank You. Go Green Indonesia! DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW, RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION

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