Sistem Manajemen K3 (SMK3) Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) FTP UB 2016
OHSMS
OHSMS
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
OHSMS aims to continuously improve OHS performance through the effective management of OHS risks and activities in the workplace.
It contains a set of plans, actions and procedures that assist an organization to systematically manage health and safety risk associated with their business.
Many organizations are implementing an OHSMS to help them manage risk, address legislation and to protect their workforce.
OHSAS 18001/18002
OHSAS 18001/18002: Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, published by the British Standards Institute. (BSI) OHSAS 18001 specification gives requirements for an OHSMS OHSAS 18002 explains the requirements of the specification and shows you how to work toward implementation and registration.
It is not an ISO standard, but integrates well with ISO 9001 (quality) and ISO 14001 (environment), and applies to any organization.
OHSAS 18001 does not state specific occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance criteria. It sets a baseline and implements continuous improvement.
General Requirements Follow a Plan-Do-Check-Act approach.
Plan - Establish the objectives and processes needed to deliver the results (in line with the OHSMS). Do - Implement the needed processes of the OHSMS. Check - Check the processes against the policy, objectives, targets, regulations, and report the results. (Auditing) Act - Take actions that will continually improve the OHSMS.
ACT
CHECK PLAN DO
Dalam penerapan SMK3 perusahaan wajib melaksanakan ketentuan :
Peningkatan Berkelanjutan Peninjauan Ulang Peninjauan & Peningkatan Ulang& SMK3 oleh Peningkatan Manajemen oleh manajemen
Penetapan Kebijakan K3 dan menjamin Komitmen
Perencanaan K3 Pengukuran dan Evaluasi
Penerapan K3
Wajib dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan disemua sektor dan terintegrasi dgn sistem Manajemen Perusahaan Harus Memenuhi Persyaratan Minimum : - 5 prinsip dasar - 12 unsur/elemen
Untuk perusahaan di sektor kegiatan usaha tertentu dapat merubah atau menambah unsur-unsur sesuai jenis dan tingkat resiko bahaya yg ada atas persetujuan Menteri
Pasal 5 ayat (3)
Prinsip Dasar 1. Penetapan Kebijakan K3 2. Perencanaan Penerapan K3 3. Penerapan K3 4. Pengukuran, Pemantauan, dan Evaluasi Kinerja K3 5. Peninjauan secara teratur untuk meningkatkan kinerja K3 secara berkesinambung an
Elemen Audit
Pedoman Penerapan 1. Komitmen dan kebijakan 1.1 Kepemimpinan dan komitmen 1.2 Initial Review 1.3 Kebijakan K3 2. Perencanaan 2.1 Perenc ident bhy, penilaian resiko dan pengend resiko 2.2 Per. per uu dan persyart lainnya 2.3 Tujuan dan sasaran 2.4 Indikator kinerja 2.5 Perenc awal dan perencanaan kegiatan yg berlangsung 3. Penerapan 3.1 Jaminan kemampuan 3.2 Kegiatan pendukung 3.3 Ident SB, penilaian dan pengendalian resiko 4.Pengukuran dan evaluasi 4.1 Inspeksi dan pengujian 4.2 Audit SMK3 4.3 Tindakan perbaikan dan pencegahan 5. Tinjauan ulang dan peningkatan pihak mgt
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Pembangunan dan Pemeliharaan Komitmen Pendokumentasian Strategi Peninjauan Ulang Desain dan Kontrak Pengendalian Dokumen Pembelian Keamanan Bekerja Berdasarkan SMK3 Standar Pemantauan Pelaporan dan Perbaikan Pengelolaan material dan perpindahannya Pengumpulan dan penggunaan data Audit SMK3 Pengembangan Ketrampilan dan Kemampuan
MEKANISME AUDIT SMK3 Pengawasan oleh Instansi Ketenagakerjaan pd Pem.Prop, Pem.Kab/Kot
Dibuktikan dgn
Audit
Eksternal (3 th sekali) Badan Audit (Auditor)
Wajib Bagi perusahaan : - Mempekerjakan Pekerja/buruh lebih dari 100 org - < 100 org dgn tingkat resiko bahaya tinggi
Internal Pengusaha/ Pengurus
TINGKAT PENERAPAN DAN KEBERHASILAN Tabel I
%
Kecil 64 kriteria
Sedang 122 kriteria
Besar 166 kriteria
0 –59 %
Tindakan hukum
Tindakan hukum
Tindakan hukum
60 – 84 %
Bendera perak sertifikat
Bendera perak sertifikat
Bendera perak sertifikat
85 – 100 %
Bendera emas sertifikat
Bendera emas sertifikat
Bendera emas sertifikat
Lampiran IV
MEKANISME SERTIFIKASI SMK3 Disnaker
RTA
Perusahaan
Badan Audit
Depnakertrans
Konfirmasi Jadwal
Ev An
Audit Kesesuaian
Laporan Audit
Sertifikat
79
72 70 65
33
28
23
59
PROSENTASE KEPESERTAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI DALAM PELAKSANAAN AUDIT EKSTERNAL DARI TAHUN 1997-2003
FARMASI
KONTRUKSI
4.10%
5.50%
3.45% 2.40%
5.20%
GENERAL MFG
10.30%
ELEKTRONIK
PERKEBUNAN &KEHUTANAN
38.30%
PETROKIMIA (INDUSTRI KIMIA)
24.10% 6.60%
OIL&GAS/MINING/PEMBANGKITAN
MAKANAN&MINUMAN
DLL
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
All recognized occupational health and safety management systems follow the same basic and common elements: A planning phase A performance phase A performance assessment phase A performance improvement phase
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
Planning phase
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
Performance phase
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Assessment phase
Group discussion
Improvement phase
Setting policy
Communication
Active monitoring
Review
Organizing
Employee participation
Reactive monitoring
Continual improvement
Identification & assessment
Acceptance monitoring
Procedures
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
Common basis for HSG 65, OHSAS 18001 and ILO-OSH 2001 Plan: Do: Check: Act Plan
Act
Do
Check
Review against Establish Implement Measure progress plans to standards achieve with objectives plans objectives for and health and compliance standards standards andand safety withtake managementaction standards appropriate based on risk assessment and legal requirements
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
HSG 65 is published in the UK by the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) as a guide to successful health and safety management. The guide is more concerned with continual improvement than the attainment of minimum health and safety standards. This framework is used by HSE Inspectors when auditing the health and safety management arrangements of employers.
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
POLICY
ORGANIZE PLAN & IMPLEMENT MEASURE PERFORMANCE
REVIEW
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
Review Organize: Plan Measure: Audit: Policy: and Implement: Put Measure Planned Review Set in aa clear of structure and Establish, assessment performance direction, arrangements aims operate of – and to and against arrangements actual objectives deliver maintain vs. agreed the planned forpolicy good the to effectively systems standards ensure taking organization into they toto account deliver are reveal to the where effective, relevant follow policy’s improvement suitable aims is needed and experiences objectives meet any also and legal effectively praise requirements applying instances lessons as of goodas well learnt working in-house practice, standards compliance with procedures, etc.
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
OHSAS 18001 is an internationally recognized accredited standard for occupational health and safety management. The standard is similar in structure to ILO-OSH 2001, with the main exception that it is only awarded to organizations following a successful audit by an awarding institution.
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
POLICY
PLANNING
IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
CHECKING & CORRECTIVE ACTION
MANAGEMENT REVIEW
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
On-going hazard Appropriate the resources nature Provide of Procedures Results adequate internal to monitor audits and identification, risk assessment and scale of organizational measure evaluations OH&S of Define roles, responsibilities and of risks performance. compliance and establishment accountabilities. necessary control measures. Commitment to evaluating the Appoint of Procedures Results a senior consultation for manager Results of risk assessments prevention ofOH&S injury and with legal specific etc. compliance. Communications from considered when determining continual improvement responsibilities. Procedures external parties to record, (including risk control measures. Competent persons in Commitment to analyse at least investigate and complaints) Results documented and kept place. comply with legal accidents. OH&S performance up-to-date. requirements Effective Procedures for dealing with How well internal objectives have Establish, implement and communication structures. Provides aprocedure framework actual orapotential nonbeen met maintain forfor Procedures foraccessing employee setting andand reviewing conformity including taking identifying Status of investigations and consultation. occupational standards corrective action. legal and other OH&S corrective actions Appropriate level of requirements. Communicated Records demonstrating Follow up from previous documentation. compliance with the and Establish, implement Is reviewed periodically reviews Appropriate operational maintain OH&S objectives management system & Recommendations for which must controls – purchasing, be measureable. 18001. improvement emergencies, etc. Internal audit programme.
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001 is a guideline offering a recommended occupational health and safety management framework. There are main common elements with the UK’s HSG 65 and OHSAS 18001; the framework is not legally binding on ILO member states and does not seek to replace national laws, regulations or standards. To be successful the ILO recognizes that there must be a national policy on health and safety and occupational health and safety management systems in place.
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
POLICY POLICY
Auditing & Improvement
ORGANIZING
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
Group discussion
Development Arrangements of on ahealth plan Setting Emphasis of onby the More emphasis Performed following introduced an and initial responsibilities, and welfare of workers. employee participation competent and review maintained of any for existing any accountability, Employees and safety Recommendations trained personnel at health preventative and safety and/or competence, training representatives to have concerning agreed system. intervals. corrective actions in
and communication. sufficient timeofand investigation workrelation to performance Plan to remedy any Cover: Effective supervision resources to allow to related accidents, monitoring, audits and deficiencies. ensure protection of effective participation. Elements of the injuries, ill-health, management reviews. Support compliance workers disease andofincidents. management Formation a health with national legislation Arrangements in place Establishment of andsystem. safety committee. andcontinued for require continual prevention andhealth health Occupational Employee improvement. improvement of the promotion andparticipation safety should be and management system. Contain measureable programmes. compatible consultation. and realisticorobjectives. Worker access integrated with to the Hazard identification National legislation records, monitoring organization’s other andcompliance. risk assessment. documents, managementetc. systems Establish, implement Meeting objectives. Health and safety and monitor training available to all procedures. employees.
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing and Improvement
Group discussion
Auditing should establish how effective the following three components of the health and safety management are in reality: 1 Management organization and arrangements 2 Identification measures
and
implementation
of
risk
3 Workplace precautions and control measures.
control
Key elements Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
OHSAS 18001
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing and Improvement
Group discussion
To be effective improvement does not need to be expensive or complex but can benefit organization: By decreasing the rate of injuries, ill health and damage By a possible reduction in the resources required to maintain the system By accepting high standards and improvement in the health and safety culture With overall improvements in the management system itself.
