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ABSTRAK
ABSTRACT Co-working space can be said as a new phenomena and still sounds odd in Indonesian society. Their building function is a container for working and creative process, where bring through optimal amenities condition is necessary. In designing a co-working space, there is no uniformity theory or some kind of specific format that required, so the interior and exterior design are very flexible to follow the owner desire or the guest necessity. With technology evolution in the present time, certainly, the working style revolution of urban society is already happened, and this case has implications to furniture, room, and building design for a workspace. Therefore, co-working space design intend to create a space that can be use by urban society to work efficiently, do creativity process, both socialize and relax at the same time. Keywords: co-working space, amenities, creative, urban, space
ABSTRAK Co-working space dapat dikatakan sebagai sebuah fenomena baru dan masih asing dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Fungsi bangunannya sendiri merupakan wadah sebagai tempat bekerja dan berproses kreatif, yang memungkinkan kondisi kenyamanan optimal sangat dibutuhkan. Dalam perancangan sebuah co-working space, tidak terdapat keseragaman teori atau format tertentu yang diwajibkan, sehingga desain interior ataupun eksteriornya sangat fleksibel untuk mengikuti keinginan pemilik ataupun kebutuhan pengunjungnya. Dengan perkembangan teknologi masa kini, tentu saja sudah terjadi perubahan gaya bekerja masyarakat urban, dan hal ini berimplikasi kepada desain furnitur, ruang, dan bangunan yang akan dirancang untuk sebuah tempat bekerja. Maka dari itu, perancangan co-working space ini bertujuan menciptakan tempat yang dapat digunakan para masyarakat urban untuk bekerja secara efisien, berproses kreatif, bersosialisasi, sekaligus bersantai dalam waktu bersamaan. Kata Kunci: co-working space, kenyamanan, kreatif, urban, tempat CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadapan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa karena atas berkat rahmat-Nya, Seminar Tugas Akhir yang berjudul “Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar” ini sebagai syarat untuk menyelesaikan pendidikan Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana dapat terselesaikan dengan baik. Selesainya penyusunan ini berkat bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin menyampaikan terima kasih kepada yang terhormat. 1.
Bapak dan Ibu Dosen pengampu mata kuliah Seminar Tugas Akhir tahun 2015.
2.
Bapak Dr. Ir. Syamsul Alam Paturusi, MSP. selaku Dosen Koordinator mata kuliah Seminar Tugas Akhir tahun 2015.
3.
Bapak Dr. Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra, ST., MA. selaku Dosen Pembimbing 1.
4.
Bapak Ir. Ida Bagus Ngurah Bupala, MT. selaku Dosen Pembimbing 2.
5.
Ibu Putu Rini Mulyanti, SE. dan Bapak Heru Prasojo selaku orang tua penulis yang telah memberi doa dan dukungan baik secara materi maupun non-materi.
6.
Andrian Indra Pranata selaku adik penulis yang telah menemani melakukan observasi lapangan.
7.
Sahabat-sahabat penulis (Nadya, Lahoya, Khika, Aldy, Sari, Fendy, Sasmitha, Golden, Yosua, Diva, Farid, Hadyan, Deka, Ganis, Gitarus) yang telah memberi dukungan dan doa untuk penulis.
8.
Teman-teman arsitektur angkatan 2012 yang sudah berjuang dan bekerja sama dengan baik dari awal perkuliahan hingga akhir.
9.
Pihak co-working space Hubud (Ubud), Lineup Hub (Kuta), dan WAVE (Kuta) yang telah memberikan penulis ijin untuk melaksanakan observasi lapangan.
10.
Serta pihak-pihak lain yang tidak dapat penulis jabarkan satu persatu.
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Penulis sangat menyadari bahwa Seminar Tugas Akhir ini masih jauh dari sempurna,
sehingga
memerlukan
masukan
dari
berbagai
pihak
demi
penyempurnaan Seminar Tugas Akhir ini. Penulis juga memohon maaf apabila selama penyusunan makalah ini terjadi hal-hal yang kurang berkenan baik disengaja maupun yang tidak disengaja. Semoga Seminar Tugas Akhir mengenai “Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar” ini dapat bermanfaat bagi Jurusan Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana, khususnya bagi para dosen pengajar dan mahasiswa sehingga proses pembelajaran dapat terlaksana dengan baik.
Denpasar, 5 Februari 2016
Cynthia Indah Prayanti NIM. 1204205075
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN SAMPUL 1 ........................................................................................ i HALAMAN SAMPUL 2 ....................................................................................... ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. iii SURAT KETERANGAN .................................................................................... iv PERNYATAAN ......................................................................................................v ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vi KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... vii DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. xvii BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1 1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..............................................................................................3 1.3 Tujuan ................................................................................................................3 1.4 Metode Perancangan ..........................................................................................4 1.4.1 Pengumpulan Data ....................................................................................4 1.4.2 Pemahaman dan Spesifikasi Proyek..........................................................5 1.4.3 Pemrograman ............................................................................................5 1.4.4 Konsep Perancangan .................................................................................5 BAB II PEMAHAMAN TENTANG CO-WORKING SPACE............................6 2.1 Tinjauan Teori ....................................................................................................6 2.1.1 Sejarah Co-working...................................................................................6 2.1.2 Pemahaman Co-working dan Co-working Space ......................................7 2.1.3 Teori Co-working Space ...........................................................................9 2.1.4 Tipologi Co-working Space ......................................................................9 2.2 Kajian terhadap Proyek Sejenis .......................................................................12 2.2.1 Hubud, Ubud ...........................................................................................12 2.2.2 Lineup Hub, Kuta ....................................................................................19 2.2.3 WAVE, Kuta ...........................................................................................23 2.3 Spesifikasi Umum Proyek ................................................................................27 CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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2.3.1 Pengertian ................................................................................................27 2.3.2 Fungsi dan Tujuan ...................................................................................27 2.3.3 Klasifikasi ...............................................................................................27 2.3.4 Civitas dan Aktifitas yang Diwadahi ......................................................27 2.3.5 Struktur Organisasi Pengelola .................................................................29 2.3.6 Fasilitas ...................................................................................................30 BAB III STUDI PERANCANGAN CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR ..........................................................................................................31 3.1 Gambaran Umum Kota Denpasar ....................................................................31 3.1.1 Kondisi Fisik Kota Denpasar ..................................................................31 3.1.2 Kondisi Non-fisik Kota Denpasar ...........................................................35 3.2 Potensi Lokasi ..................................................................................................43 3.2.1 Strenghts (Kekuatan)...............................................................................44 3.2.2 Opportunities (Peluang) ..........................................................................44 3.3 Permasalahan Lokasi ........................................................................................45 3.3.1 Weakness (Kelemahan) ...........................................................................45 3.3.2 Threats (Tantangan) ................................................................................45 3.4 Pemecahan Masalah (Analisis SWOT) .............................................................45 3.4.1 Strategi S-O (Strenghts-Opportunities)...................................................46 3.4.2 Strategi W-O (Weakness-Opportunities) ................................................46 3.4.3 Strategi S-T (Strenghts-Threats) .............................................................46 3.4.4 Strategi W-T (Weakness-Threats) ...........................................................46 3.5 Spesifikasi Proyek di Kota Denpasar ...............................................................47 3.5.1 Pengertian Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar ....................................47 3.5.2 Fungsi dan Tujuan ...................................................................................47 3.5.3 Batasan ....................................................................................................47 3.5.4 Civitas dan Aktifitas yang Diwadahi ......................................................47 3.5.5 Sistem dan Struktur Organisasi Pengelolaan ..........................................50 3.5.6 Fasilitas ...................................................................................................52 BAB IV TEMA DAN PEMROGRAMAN CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR .............................................................................................53 4.1 Tema.................................................................................................................53 CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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4.1.1 Pendekatan Penentuan Tema...................................................................54 4.1.2 Penentuan Tema ......................................................................................55 4.1.3 Pemahaman Tema ...................................................................................55 4.1.4 Perwujudan Tema....................................................................................56 4.2 Program Fungsional .........................................................................................57 4.2.1 Identifikasi Fungsi ...................................................................................57 4.2.2 Identifikasi Pelaku Kegiatan ...................................................................58 4.2.3 Identifikasi Jenis Kegiatan ......................................................................59 4.2.4 Identifikasi Proses Kegiatan ....................................................................60 4.2.5 Identifikasi Kebutuhan Ruang.................................................................65 4.2.6 Kesimpulan Program Fungsional ............................................................72 4.3 Program Performasi .........................................................................................74 4.3.1 Sifat Ruang ..............................................................................................74 4.3.2 Tuntutan Ruang .......................................................................................77 4.4 Program Arsitektural ........................................................................................87 4.4.1 Studi Kapasitas ........................................................................................87 4.4.2 Studi Besaran Ruang ...............................................................................90 4.4.3 Hubungan Ruang.....................................................................................94 4.4.4 Organisasi dan Sirkulasi Ruang ..............................................................98 4.5 Program Tapak .................................................................................................99 4.5.1 Studi Kebutuhan Luas Tapak ..................................................................99 4.5.2 Penentuan Lokasi Tapak .........................................................................99 4.5.3 Analisis Tapak Terpilih .........................................................................103 BAB V KONSEP PERANCANGAN CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR ........................................................................................................113 5.1 Konsep Perancangan Tapak ...........................................................................113 5.1.1 Konsep Entrance pada Tapak ...............................................................113 5.1.2 Konsep Zoning Tapak ...........................................................................117 5.1.3 Konsep Sirkulasi Tapak ........................................................................120 5.1.4 Konsep Bentuk Massa ...........................................................................122 5.1.5 Konsep Pola dan Orientasi Massa .........................................................124 5.1.6 Konsep Ruang Luar ..............................................................................126 CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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5.1.7 Konsep Parkir ........................................................................................128 5.1.8 Konsep Utilitas Tapak ...........................................................................130 5.2 Konsep Perancangan Bangunan .....................................................................134 5.2.1 Konsep Entrance Bangunan ..................................................................134 5.2.2 Konsep Zoning Bangunan .....................................................................136 5.2.3 Konsep Sirkulasi dalam Bangunan .......................................................138 5.2.4 Konsep Tampilan Bangunan .................................................................139 5.2.5 Konsep Ruang Dalam ...........................................................................140 5.2.6 Konsep Struktur Bangunan ...................................................................141 5.3 Konsep Utilitas Bangunan..............................................................................143 5.3.1 Konsep Penghawaan .............................................................................143 5.3.2 Konsep Pencahayaan .............................................................................144 5.3.3 Konsep Pemadam Kebakaran ...............................................................145 5.3.4 Konsep Penangkal Petir ........................................................................149 5.3.5 Konsep Keamanan Bangunan ...............................................................151 5.3.6 Konsep Plumbing ..................................................................................153 DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Suasana di dalam Hubud, Ubud .........................................................12 Gambar 2.2.Peta Pulau Bali ...................................................................................13 Gambar 2.3 Peta lokasi Hubud, Ubud ....................................................................13 Gambar 2.4 Hubud: Hub in Ubud ..........................................................................15 Gambar 2.5 Meja Host dekat pintu masuk .............................................................15 Gambar 2.6 Area Indoor Work Space ....................................................................15 Gambar 2.7 Area Individual Work Space ..............................................................15 Gambar 2.8 Fasilitas Printer, Scanner, Bookshare ................................................15 Gambar 2.9 Pintu masuk Hubud ............................................................................15 Gambar 2.10 Kitchen dan meja untuk bersantap ...................................................16 Gambar 2.11 Area work space di bawah langit-langit atap (lantai 3) ....................16 Gambar 2.12 Skype Room kapasitas untuk 1 orang ...............................................16 Gambar 2.13 Lantai kayu parket ............................................................................16 Gambar 2.14 Meeting Room berkapasitas 4-6 orang .............................................16 Gambar 2.15 Bambu sebagai material utama ........................................................16 Gambar 2.16 Café Living Food Lab yang terdapat pada Hubud ...........................17 Gambar 2.17.Suasana Semi-Outdoor Work Space .................................................17 Gambar 2.18 Taman rindang yang dapat digunakan sebagai tempat untuk yoga dan acara lainnya ...........................................................................................17 Gambar 2.19 Semi-Outdoor Work Space memiliki view ke hamparan sawah ......17 Gambar 2.20 Atap expose material kayu dan bambu ............................................17 Gambar 2.21 Ruang janitor, panel listrik, dan shoe rack .......................................17 Gambar 2.22 Blok plan pada Hubud, Ubud ...........................................................18 Gambar 2.23 Suasana di dalam Lineup Hub, Seminyak ........................................19 Gambar 2.24 Peta Pulau Bali .................................................................................19 Gambar 2.25 Peta Lokasi Lineup Hub, Kuta .........................................................19 Gambar 2.26 Suasana Lantai 1 di Lineup Hub ......................................................21 Gambar 2.27 Meja Host .........................................................................................21 Gambar 2.28 Suasana Lantai 2 di Lineup Hub ......................................................21 Gambar 2.29 Tempat untuk bersantai sambil bekerja ............................................21 CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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Gambar 2.30 Blok plan pada Lineup Hub, Kuta ....................................................22 Gambar 2.31 Wave Bali Co-working Space ..........................................................23 Gambar 2.32 Peta Pulau Bali .................................................................................23 Gambar 2.33 Peta lokasi WAVE Co-working Space .............................................23 Gambar 2.34 Suasana meja Host ...........................................................................25 Gambar 2.35 Public Space Lt. 1.............................................................................25 Gambar 2.36 Blok plan pada WAVE, Kuta ...........................................................26 Gambar 2.37 Struktur organisasi pengelola pada co-working space .....................29 Gambar 3.1 Peta Pulau Bali ...................................................................................32 Gambar 3.2 Peta Kota Denpasar ............................................................................32 Gambar 3.3 Struktur organisasi pengelola pada co-working space di Kota Denpasar.................................................................................................................49 Gambar 4.1 Hubungan Ruang Utama ....................................................................94 Gambar 4.2 Hubungan Ruang Pendukung .............................................................95 Gambar 4.3 Hubungan Ruang Pengelola ...............................................................96 Gambar 4.4 Hubungan Ruang Servis .....................................................................97 Gambar 4.5 Organisasi dan Sirkulasi Ruang .........................................................98 Gambar 4.6 Posisi Alternatif Tapak Jika Dilihat dari Udara ...............................100 Gambar 4.7 Posisi Tapak pada Peta Zonasi Kecamatan Denpasar Timur ...........101 Gambar 4.8 Suasana Jalan Tantular Barat ...........................................................103 Gambar 4.9 Eksisting Tapak Terpilih di Jalan Tantular Barat.............................104 Gambar 4.10 Batas-batas Tapak ..........................................................................106 Gambar 4.11 Batas Utara .....................................................................................106 Gambar 4.12 Batas Selatan ..................................................................................106 Gambar 4.13 Batas Timur ....................................................................................106 Gambar 4.14 Batas Barat .....................................................................................106 Gambar 4.15 Build Up Area (BUA) pada Tapak .................................................108 Gambar 4.16 Aliran Drainase pada Tapak ...........................................................109 Gambar 4.17 Arah Datangnya Sinar Matahari dan Angin ...................................110 Gambar 4.18 Arah Datangnya Noise ...................................................................111 Gambar 4.19 Posisi Tiang Listrik dan Telekomunikasi .......................................112 Gambar 4.20 Kondisi Saluran Drainase ...............................................................112 CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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Gambar 5.1 Konsep Entrance pada Tapak Alternatif 1 .......................................115 Gambar 5.2 Konsep Entrance pada Tapak Alternatif 2 .......................................115 Gambar 5.3 Konsep Tampilan Entrance Tapak ...................................................116 Gambar 5.4 Konsep Zoning Tapak Alternatif 1 ..................................................118 Gambar 5.5 Konsep Zoning Tapak Alternatif 2 ..................................................119 Gambar 5.6 Konsep Sirkulasi ..............................................................................121 Gambar 5.7 Bentuk Dasar Massa .........................................................................122 Gambar 5.8 Konsep Bentuk Massa ......................................................................123 Gambar 5.9 Konsep Pola dan Orientasi Massa ....................................................125 Gambar 5.10 Pohon sebagai Pengarah Jalan........................................................127 Gambar 5.11 Pohon sebagai Perindang Parkir .....................................................127 Gambar 5.12 Konsep Parkir Mobil 45 Derajat ....................................................129 Gambar 5.13 Konsep Pakrir Motor 90 Derajat ....................................................129 Gambar 5.14 Kondisi Jaringan Utilitas pada Tapak ............................................130 Gambar 5.15 Sistem Air Bersih pada Tapak ........................................................131 Gambar 5.16 Sistem Air Hujan dan Air Buangan pada Tapak ............................132 Gambar 5.17 Sistem Kelistrikan pada Tapak .......................................................132 Gambar 5.18 Sistem Telekomunikasi pada Tapak ...............................................133 Gambar 5.19 Sistem Sampah pada Tapak............................................................133 Gambar 5.20 Konsep Entrance Bangunan ...........................................................135 Gambar 5.21 Zoning Bangunan berdasarkan Organisasi dan Sirkulasi Ruang ...136 Gambar 5.22 Konsep Zoning Bangunan ..............................................................137 Gambar 5.23 Ketentuan Sirkulasi Vertikal Tangga .............................................138 Gambar 5.24 Konsep Tampilan Bangunan ..........................................................139 Gambar 5.25 Konsep Ruang Dalam.....................................................................140 Gambar 5.26 Konsep Upper Struktur ..................................................................142 Gambar 5.27 Sistem Penghawaan Buatan dengan AC Split ................................143 Gambar 5.28 Lampu Meja Kerja .........................................................................144 Gambar 5.29 Fire Barrier Duct Wrap .................................................................147 Gambar 5.30 Firestop Compound dan Lokasi Pengaplikasian ............................147 Gambar 5.31 Hydrant...........................................................................................148 Gambar 5.32 Sprinkler .........................................................................................148 CO-WORKING SPACE DI KOTA DENPASAR
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Gambar 5.33 Water Extinguisher.........................................................................148 Gambar 5.34 Detektor Panas................................................................................148 Gambar 5.35 Detektor Asap .................................................................................148 Gambar 5.36 Penangkal Petir Elektrostatis ..........................................................150 Gambar 5.37 Sistem CCTV ..................................................................................152 Gambar 5.38 Exit Signage dalam Bangunan........................................................152
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Letak Geografis Kota Denpasar Menurut Kecamatan ...........................33 Tabel 3.2 Desa/Kelurahan di Setiap Kecamatan di Kota Denpasar, 2013 .............33 Tabel 3.3 Luas Wilayah Kota Denpasar dan Ketinggiannya dari Permukaan Laut, 2013 ..............................................................................................................34 Tabel 3.4 Statistik Iklim Kota Denpasar, 2013 ......................................................35 Tabel 3.5 Penduduk Menurut Jenis Kelamin dan Rasio Jenis Kelamin di Kota Denpasar, 2013 .......................................................................................................37 Tabel 3.6 Penduduk Menurut Kelompok Umur di Kota Denpasar, 2013 ..............37 Tabel 3.7 Penduduk Menurut Kewarganegaraan di Kota Denpasar, 2013 ............37 Tabel 3.8 Jumlah Pelanggaran Peraturan Daerah di Kota Denpasar, 2013 ...........38 Tabel 3.9 Daftar Harga Sewa Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar .....................50 Tabel 4.1 Alur Kegiatan Civitas Pengguna Tetap ..................................................60 Tabel 4.2 Alur Kegiatan Civitas Pengguna Tidak Tetap .......................................64 Tabel 4.3 Identifikasi Kebutuhan Ruang pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar.................................................................................................................65 Tabel 4.4 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Ruang pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar.................................................................................................................72 Tabel 4.5 Sifat Ruang pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar ........................75 Tabel 4.6 Tuntutan Ruang pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar..................77 Tabel 4.7 Analisa Jumlah Pengelola pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar.................................................................................................................89 Tabel 4.8 Studi Besaran Ruang pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar ..........90 Tabel 4.9 Total Luas Keseluruhan pada Co-working Space di Kota Denpasar .....93 Tabel 4.10 Penentuan Bobot Parameter Penentuan Lokasi Tapak ......................100 Tabel 4.11 Penilaian Bobot Alternatif Tapak ......................................................101
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