RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI TRY OUT UJIAN NASIONAL SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP) BERBASIS ANDROID
TUGAS AKHIR Diajukan guna memenuhi sebagian persyaratan dalam rangka menyelesaikan Pendidikan Sarjana Strata Satu (S1)Program Studi Teknologi Informasi
MENTARI HARMADYA NIM: 1104505058
JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA 2015 i
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI TRY OUT UJIAN NASIONAL SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP) BERBASIS ANDROID
TUGAS AKHIR Diajukan guna memenuhi sebagian persyaratan dalam rangka menyelesaikan Pendidikan Sarjana Strata Satu (S1)Program Studi Teknologi Informasi
MENTARI HARMADYA NIM: 1104505058
JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA 2015 i
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa dalam tugas akhir ini tidak terdapat karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatu Perguruan Tinggi, dan sepanjang sepengetahuan saya juga tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka.
Denpasar, Agustus 2015
Mentari Harmadya
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas berkat dan rahmat-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan Tugas Akhir yang berjudul ”Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Try Out Ujian Nasional Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Berbasis Android”. Ucapan terima kasih tentunya perlu penulis sampaikan kepada pihak-pihak yang telah berperan dan membantu terselesaikannya laporan Tugas Akhir ini, diantaranya: 1.
Bapak Prof. Ir. Ngakan Putu Gede Suardana, M.T., Ph.D selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana.
2.
Bapak Dr. Eng I Putu Agung Bayupati, S.T., M.T selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknologi Informasi Universitas Udayana.
3.
Bapak Gusti Made Arya Sasmita, S.T., M.T selaku dosen pembimbing akademik dan dosen pembimbing I yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan, petunjuk dan bimbingan selama masa perkuliahan dari awal hingga akhir.
4.
Ibu Ni Kadek Ayu Wirdiani, S.T., M.T selaku dosen pembimbing II yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan, petunjuk dan bimbingan di dalam penyelesaian laporan tugas akhir ini.
5.
Ibu tercinta, Media Puspa dan kakak Ikra Birrahma yang sudah banyak memberikan dukungan moril dan materiil.
6.
Teman-teman seperjuangan Adi, Sundari, Dhanan, Dea, Gita, Putri, Ve, Yudik, Putu Sri, Bharata dan Yopi serta TIMMXI yang telah memberikan motivasi dalam menjalani perkuliahan dan penyusunan Tugas Akhir. Akhir kata penulis mohon maaf apabila terdapat kesalahan dalam
penyusunan laporan Tugas Akhir ini. Semoga laporan Tugas Akhir ini dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak. Denpasar, Agustus 2015
Penulis
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ABSTRAK
Evaluasi hasil pembelajaran yang berfokuskan pada Ujian Nasional (UN) bertujuan untuk menilai pencapaian siswa-siswi Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) secara nasional pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, Matematika, Bahasa Inggris dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA). Kegiatan Try Out diadakan untuk melatih siswa dalam menjawab soal-soal Ujian Nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sebuah aplikasi Try Out Ujian Nasional berbasis Android. Pengembangan aplikasi ini menggunakan pengembangan aplikasi hybrid dengan adanya website sebagai backend sistem dan aplikasi Android sebagai front-end sistem yang bekerja seperti proses client-server pada jaringan komputer. Jenis Try Out yang ada pada aplikasi ini disesuaikan dengan Try Out konvensional dengan ditambah fitur latihan dengan soal yang lebih banyak dan bervariasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian aplikasi yang diikuti oleh 30 responden siswa-siswi Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), hasil tes aplikasi Try Out Ujian Nasional berbasis Android memiliki kesesuaian dan dinyatakan layak dengan presentase hasil 93% untuk dijadikan sebagai alat bantu untuk membantu siswa-siswi Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) dalam persiapan menjelang Ujian Nasional. Kata kunci : Try Out, Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), Android, Hybrid App
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ABSTRACT
Evaluation of learning outcomes focus on the National Examination aims to assess the achievement of students of junior high school nationally in Indonesian Language, Mathematics, English and Science. Try Out activities held to train students in answering the questions of the National Exam. This study aims to create an application National Exam Try Out for Android. The development of this application using hybrid application development with a website as a back-end system and an Android applications as a front-end system that works like a client-server process on a computer network. Try Out types that exist in this application adjusting to Try Out conventional with added features with more and varied question. Based on the results of application testing followed by 30 students of Junior High School, the results of the Try Out application for Android is appropriate and declared eligible with 93% percentage to be used as tools to help students of Junior High School in preparation for the National Exam. Keyword : Try Out, Junior High School, Android, Hybrid App
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN SAMPUL ............................................................................................ i HALAMAN JUDUL............................................................................................... ii LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ................................................................................... iii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR ....................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... vi ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xii DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ xiv BAB I PENDAHULUAN ......................................................................................1 1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................. 1 1.2 Rumusan masalah .............................................................................. 2 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................... 3 1.4 Manfaat............................................................................................... 3 1.5 Batasan Masalah ................................................................................ 3 1.6 Metodologi Penelitian ......................................................................... 4 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................ 5 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...........................................................................7 2.1 State of the Art .................................................................................... 7 2.2 Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) ................................................... 8 2.3 Mobile Learning (M-Learning) ......................................................... 9 2.4 Ujian Nasional .................................................................................... 10 2.5 Try Out ............................................................................................... 11 2.6 Android ............................................................................................... 12 2.7 Pengembangan Aplikasi Mobile ......................................................... 12 2.7.1 Aplikasi Native ....................................................................... 13 2.7.2 Aplikasi Web .......................................................................... 13 2.7.3 Aplikasi Hybrid ...................................................................... 14 2.8 Pengembangan Aplikasi Hybrid pada Platform Android .................... 14 2.8.1 HTML 5 .................................................................................. 15 2.8.2 CSS 3 .......................................................................................18 2.8.3 JavaScript ................................................................................19 2.8.4 Ionic Framework .....................................................................20 2.8.4.1 Apache Cordova atau Phonegap.................................21 2.8.4.2 AngularJS ...................................................................22 2.9 Database ............................................................................................. 22 2.9.1 Istilah di dalam Database ...................................................... 23 2.10 ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) ................................................. 23 2.11 PDM (Physical Data Model) ............................................................. 25 2.12 UML (Unified Modeling Language) ................................................. 25 ix
2.12.1 Use Case Diagram ................................................................. 25 2.12.2 Activity Diagram .................................................................... 27 2.12.3 Statechart Diagram ................................................................ 28 BAB III PERANCANGAN SISTEM ................................................................30 3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian .............................................................30 3.2 Data .....................................................................................................30 3.2.1 Sumber Data ..............................................................................30 3.2.2 Jenis Data ..................................................................................30 3.2.3 Metode Pengumpulan Data .......................................................30 3.3 Alat Penelitian .....................................................................................31 3.4 Alur Penelitian.....................................................................................32 3.5 Perancangan Sistem.............................................................................33 3.5.1 Gambaran Umum Sistem .........................................................34 3.5.2 Konsep Aplikasi .......................................................................35 3.5.3 Perancangan Database .............................................................38 3.5.3.1 Perancangan ERD .......................................................38 3.5.3.2 PDM ............................................................................39 3.5.3.3 Struktur Tabel ..............................................................41 3.5.4 Perancangan UML....................................................................52 3.5.4.1 Use Case Diagram ......................................................52 3.5.4.2 Activity Diagram .........................................................54 3.5.4.3 Statechart Diagram .....................................................58 BAB IV PENGUJIAN DAN ANALISIS SISTEM ........................................... 66 4.1 Antar Muka Sistem............................................................................. 66 4.1.1 Antar Muka Sistem Berbasis Web ............................................ 66 4.1.1.1 Halaman Login dan Home ........................................... 66 4.1.1.2 Menu Dashboard ......................................................... 67 4.1.1.3 Menu Profil .................................................................. 68 4.1.1.4 Menu Admin ................................................................ 69 4.1.1.5 Menu User ................................................................... 70 4.1.1.6 Menu Mapel ................................................................. 71 4.1.1.7 Menu Manage Latihan ................................................. 72 4.1.1.8 Menu Manage Try Out ................................................ 74 4.1.2 Antar Muka Sistem Berbasis Android ...................................... 79 4.1.2.1 Tampilan Splashscreen .............................................. 80 4.1.2.2 Tampilan Halaman Login .......................................... 81 4.1.2.3 Halaman Register ...................................................... 81 4.1.2.4 Halaman Menu .......................................................... 82 4.1.2.5 Tampilan Try Out ...................................................... 83 4.1.2.6 Tampilan Latihan ....................................................... 83 4.1.2.7 Tampilan Soal Try Out .............................................. 84 4.1.2.8 Tampilan Soal dan Nilai Latihan ............................... 85 4.1.2.9 Menu Dashboard ....................................................... 86 4.1.2.10 Menu Profil ................................................................ 87 4.1.2.11 Menu About ............................................................... 88 4.1.2.12 Menu Statistik ............................................................ 89
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4.1.2.13 Tampilan Logout Aplikasi .......................................... 90 4.2 Uji Coba Sistem ................................................................................. 90 4.2.1 Uji Coba Sistem Berbasis Web ................................................. 91 4.2.1.1 Login Form Admin ....................................................... 91 4.2.1.2 Tambah Admin ............................................................. 91 4.2.1.3 Tambah User ............................................................... 92 4.2.1.4 Tambah Mapel (Mata Pelajaran) ................................. 93 4.2.1.5 Tambah Soal Latihan ................................................... 95 4.2.1.6 Tambah Paket Latian ................................................... 97 4.2.1.7 Tambah Kurikulum ...................................................... 98 4.2.1.8 Tambah Bab ................................................................. 99 4.2.1.9 Tambah Soal Try Out................................................. 100 4.2.1.10 Tambah Paket Try Out .............................................. 101 4.2.1.11 Tambah Jadwal Try Out............................................ 102 4.2.1.12 Report Nilai User ...................................................... 104 4.2.1.13 Report Periode Try Out ............................................. 104 4.2.2 Uji Coba Aplikasi Android .................................................... 105 4.2.2.1 Halaman Menu ........................................................... 105 4.2.2.2 Login Form ................................................................ 106 4.2.2.3 Register Form ............................................................ 107 4.2.2.4 Menu Latihan ............................................................. 108 4.2.2.5 Menu Try Out ............................................................ 108 4.3 Analisa Sistem .................................................................................. 109 4.3.1 Metode Pengambilan Data ..................................................... 110 4.3.2 Kriteria Variabel ..................................................................... 110 4.3.2.1 Aspek Tampilan Aplikasi .......................................... 110 4.3.2.2 Aspek Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ............................. 110 4.3.2.3 Aspek Soal dan Jawaban ........................................... 111 4.3.2.4 Aspek Pemahaman tentang Aplikasi dan Ujian......... 111 4.3.3 Penetapan Skor ....................................................................... 111 4.4 Perhitungan dan Penyajian Data ...................................................... 112 4.4.1 Aspek Tampilan Aplikasi ....................................................... 112 4.4.2 Aspek Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ......................................... 113 4.4.3 Aspek Soal dan Jawaban ........................................................ 115 4.4.4 Aspek Pemahaman tentang Aplikasi dan Ujian ..................... 117 4.5 Analisis Kelebihan Aplikasi ............................................................. 118 4.6 Analisis Kelemahan Aplikasi ........................................................... 119 4.7 Analisis Kelayakan Aplikasi ............................................................ 119 BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................. 120 5.1 Simpulan ................................................................................................. 120 5.2 Saran ........................................................................................................ 121 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 122 LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................... 125
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Perbedaan Struktur Aplikasi ........................................................... 11 Gambar 2.2 Tools yang Dipakai Untuk Pengembangan Aplikasi Hybrid ........... 14 Gambar 2.3 Logo Ionic ........................................................................................ 19 Gambar 2.4 Logo Apache Cordova ..................................................................... 20 Gambar 2.5 Pengembangan Aplikasi Mobile Menggunakan PhoneGap ............ 21 Gambar 3.1 Alur Penelitian ................................................................................. 32 Gambar 3.2 Gambaran Umum Aplikasi Try Out Ujian Nasional ....................... 34 Gambar 3.3 ERD Aplikasi Try Out Ujian Nasional Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) .................................................................................................................... 39 Gambar 3.4 PDM Aplikasi Try Out Ujian Nasional Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) .................................................................................................................... 40 Gambar 3.5 Use Case Diagram.......................................................................... 54 Gambar 3.6 Activity Diagram Manage Try Out ................................................. 55 Gambar 3.7 Activity Diagram Manage User ....................................................... 56 Gambar 3.8 Activity Diagram Manage Mata Pelajaran ...................................... 57 Gambar 3.9 Activity Diagram Manage Soal ....................................................... 58 Gambar 3.10 Statechart Diagram Try Out .......................................................... 59 Gambar 3.11 Statechart Diagram Latihan .......................................................... 60 Gambar 3.12 Statechart Diagram View Statistik Ranking .................................. 61 Gambar 3.13 Statechart Diagram Manage Try Out ............................................ 62 Gambar 3.14 Statechart Diagram Manage User................................................. 62 Gambar 3.15 Statechart Diagram Manage Mata Pelajaran (Mapel) .................. 63 Gambar 3.16 Statechart Diagram Manage Soal ................................................. 64 Gambar 3.17 Statechart Diagram Manage Nilai................................................. 64 Gambar 4.1 Tampilan Halaman Login dan Home ............................................... 67 Gambar 4.2 Tampilan Menu Dashboard ............................................................. 68 Gambar 4.3 Tampilan Menu Profil...................................................................... 69 Gambar 4.4 Tampilan Menu Admin.................................................................... 70 Gambar 4.5 Tampilan Menu User ....................................................................... 71 Gambar 4.6 Tampilan Menu Mapel .................................................................... 72 Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Menu Soal Latihan .......................................................... 73 Gambar 4.8 Tampilan Menu Paket Latihan......................................................... 74 Gambar 4.9 Tampilan Menu Kurikulum ............................................................. 75 Gambar 4.10 Tampilan Menu Bab ...................................................................... 76 Gambar 4.11 Tampilan Menu Soal Try Out ........................................................ 77 Gambar 4.12 Tampilan Menu Paket Try Out ...................................................... 78 Gambar 4.11 Tampilan Menu Jadwal Try Out .................................................... 79 Gambar 4.12 Tampilan Aplikasi pada Device Android ...................................... 80 Gambar 4.13 Tampilan Splashscreen .................................................................. 80 Gambar 4.14 Tampilan Tampilan Halaman Login .............................................. 81 Gambar 4.15 Tampilan Halaman Register .......................................................... 82 Gambar 4.16 Tampilan Menu Utama .................................................................. 82
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Gambar 4.17 Tampilan Try Out .......................................................................... 83 Gambar 4.18 Tampilan Latihan ........................................................................... 84 Gambar 4.19 (a) Tampilan Soal Try Out (b) Tampilan Sisa Waktu Try Out (c) Tampilan ketika Try Out Selesai (d) Tampilan Kunci Jawaban ........................... 85 Gambar 4.20 (a) Tampilan Soal Latihan (b) Tampilan Alert Jawaban Benar (c) Tampilan Alert Jawaban Salah (d) Tampilan Nilai Hasil Latihan ........................ 86 Gambar 4.21 (a) Tampilan Menu Dashboard ..................................................... 87 Gambar 4.22 (a) Tampilan Menu Profil (b) Data Sekolah .................................. 88 Gambar 4.23 Tampilan Menu About ................................................................... 89 Gambar 4.24 Tampilan Menu Statistik................................................................ 89 Gambar 4.25 Tampilan Alert Logout .................................................................. 90 Gambar 4.26 Login Form Admin ........................................................................ 91 Gambar 4.27 Halaman Tambah Admin .............................................................. 92 Gambar 4.28 Form Data Admin .......................................................................... 92 Gambar 4.29 Import Data User From .XLS ....................................................... 93 Gambar 4.30 Proses Tambah Mata Pelajaran ...................................................... 94 Gambar 4.31 Tambah Data Mata Pelajaran......................................................... 94 Gambar 4.32 Opsi Data Mata Pelajaran .............................................................. 95 Gambar 4.33 Form Edit Data Mata Pelajaran ..................................................... 95 Gambar 4.34 Tambah Soal Latihan ..................................................................... 96 Gambar 4.35 Form Tambah Soal Latihan ........................................................... 96 Gambar 4.36 Tambah Paket Soal Latihan ........................................................... 97 Gambar 4.37 Tambah Paket Soal Latihan Baru .................................................. 97 Gambar 4.38 Pilih Soal Paket Latihan ................................................................ 98 Gambar 4.39 (a) Proses Tambah Kurikulum (b) Tambah Data Kurikulum ........ 99 Gambar 4.40 (a) Proses Tambah Bab (b) Tambah Data Bab .............................. 99 Gambar 4.41 Form Tambah Soal Try Out.........................................................100 Gambar 4.42 Soal Try Out.................................................................................101 Gambar 4.43 Tambah Paket Try Out .................................................................101 Gambar 4.44 Tambah Soal Paket Try Out .........................................................102 Gambar 4.45 Tambah Jadwal Try Out...............................................................103 Gambar 4.46 Data Jadwal Try Out ....................................................................103 Gambar 4.47 Report Nilai User .........................................................................104 Gambar 4.48 Report Per Periode Try Out .........................................................105 Gambar 4.49 Uji Coba Halaman Menu pada Device Android yang Berbeda ...106 Gambar 4.50 Uji Coba Login Form pada Device Android yang Berbeda ........107 Gambar 4.51 Uji Coba Register Form pada Device Android yang Berbeda ....107 Gambar 4.52 Uji Coba Menu Latihan pada Device Android yang Berbeda .....108 Gambar 4.53 Uji Coba Menu Try Out pada Device Android yang Berbeda ....109 Gambar 4.54 Uji Coba Jawab Try Out pada Device Android yang Berbeda ....109 Gambar 4.55 Diagram Presentase Aspek Tampilan Aplikasi ...........................113 Gambar 4.56 Diagram Presentase Aspek Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ..............115 Gambar 4.57 Diagram Presentase Aspek Soal dan Jawaban.............................116 Gambar 4.58 Diagram Presentase Aspek Pemahaman Aplikasi dan Ujian ......118
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Elemen-elemen Baru Pada HTML5 ..................................................... 14 Tabel 2.2 Simbol ERD ......................................................................................... 23 Tabel 2.3 Use Case Diagram ............................................................................... 25 Tabel 2.4 Activity Diagram .................................................................................. 27 Tabel 2.5 Statechart Diagram .............................................................................. 28 Tabel 3.1 Konsep Aplikasi ................................................................................... 35 Tabel 3.2 Struktur Tabel admin ............................................................................ 41 Tabel 3.3 Struktur Tabel mapel ............................................................................ 42 Tabel 3.4 Struktur Tabel paket ............................................................................. 43 Tabel 3.5 Struktur Tabel tryout ............................................................................ 44 Tabel 3.6 Struktur Tabel user ............................................................................... 45 Tabel 3.7 Struktur Tabel soal ............................................................................... 46 Tabel 3.8 Struktur Tabel tryout_user ................................................................... 47 Tabel 3.9 Struktur Tabel user_jawab_tryout ........................................................ 48 Tabel 3.10 Struktur Tabel paket_soal ................................................................... 49 Tabel 3.11 Struktur Tabel bab .............................................................................. 50 Tabel 3.12 Struktur Tabel kurikulum ................................................................... 50 Tabel 3.13 Struktur Tabel sekolah........................................................................ 51 Tabel 3.14 Struktur Tabel tryout_paket................................................................ 51 Tabel 3.15 Use Case Requirements ...................................................................... 53 Tabel 4.1 Hasil Penilaian Aspek Tampilan Aplikasi .........................................112 Tabel 4.2 Hasil Penilaian Aspek Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ............................113 Tabel 4.3 Hasil Penilaian Aspek Soal dan Jawaban ...........................................115 Tabel 4.4 Hasil Penilaian Pemahaman Tentang Aplikasi dan Ujian ..................117
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