PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN OBJECTIVE 1. 2.
3. 4.
SAVE VICTIM’S LIFE MINIMIZE VICTIM’S SUFFER AND AVOID FURTHER RISK CAUSED BY ACCIDENT ESTABLISH/MAINTAIN VICTIM’S ENDURANCE UNTILL HE GETS FURTHER AID TAKE VICTIM TO THE NEAREST PARAMEDIC
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN MAIN ACTION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Do not panic, observe and collect the informations of accident Pay attention to victim’s breath and give an aid if it is needed Stop bleeding if it is happened Make the victim calm, and avoid shock Aid is done at the place and do not move the victim in hurry.
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Relationship between accident caused and threat accident caused
Treatment duration
Crowded at place
ASAP
Breathing
Seconds-minutes
bleeding
Minutes-hours
Awakening
Hours-days
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Breath gangguan is difficult to breath (hard breathing or can not breath at all) cause of sumbatan jalan pernapasan, kelemahan atau kejang otot pernapasan or inhall toxic gases. Location: Nose, mouth, Esofagus , lung
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN AID PRIORITY : lost of awakening 1. MOUTH TO MOUTH METHOD
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN 2. SILVESTER’S METHOD
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN 3. NIELSEN’S METHODS
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN BLEEDING: CAN CAUSE LOST OF BODY LIQUID OR BLOOD FROM FIRST MINUTE TO HOURS.
EMERGENCY AID: 1. 2. 3. 4.
The bleeding part of body is lifted Press the artery (pembuluh nadi) between the bleeding and heart Beri pembalutan penekan, and clean up Going to the nearest doctor or Puskesmas
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Burning injury caused by heat or chemicals
Objective of aid: • • •
Minimize heat and sick Avoid/minimize blistering Avoid shock
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN FIRST AID FOR BURNING INJURY 1. The burning part is immersed into ice water or dikompres 2. Do not peel up the blistered part, because it will make dehydration 3. the blistered or burnt part is covered by sofratule or sterille gauze with bioplacenton gel in it. 4. If it is large injury and threat the health/safety, bring to the doctor immediately.
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN
4. Injury by chemicals need specific treatment - Caused by acids; rinse with water, 1% bicarbonates solution, and then rinse again with water - Caused by bases; rinse with water, then with dilute acetic acid (1:15), and then rinse again with water
4. Injury by chemicals need specific treatment
-
Cause by Na dan K; clean the body from those chemicals, rinse with water, and spread vaseline on it, cover with sterile gauze
Cause by Phosphourus Cuci dengan air kemudian rendam dan bersihkan posfor yang masih melekat saat masih direndam dengan menggunakan pinset, kemudian rendam lagi dengan tembaga sulfat 3% dan setelah itu tutup dengan kasa steril
Bandaging /Pembalutan Objectives: 1.
Cover the wound from light/sun and dust
2. Press and stop the beeding 3. Minimize and prevent swollen/pembengkakan 4. limit the movement
First aid from bite of insects/animals
Chemical toxic from some insects.
Chemical toxic from some insects
Chemical toxic from some tiny animals
Toxic from Snakes
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Bandaging of snake bite
Toxic from plants
Bandaging Tie bandage for armpit
Bandaging Tie bandage for arm,thigh and calf
PEMBALUTAN Tie bandaging for elbow
PEMBALUTAN Knee bandaging
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Broken bone bandaging
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Pemindaian Tulang Paha Yang Patah A. Apabila patah dibagi atas paha ( nyeri tekan di bagian atas), bidai sisi luar harus sampai pinggang.
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN B.Apabila patah di bagian bawah paha (nyeri tekan di paha bagian bawah), bidai cukup sampai pinggul. Perhatikan pula bahan yang dipakai untuk pembidai.
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN Peralatan dan Obat P3K 1. Pembalut Segitiga 3. Kasa Steril 5. Plester 7. Sofratulle 9. Gunting Perban 11. Pisau Lipat 13. Obat Pelawan rasa Sakit 15. Antidiare 17. Antiseptik 19. Obat Pencuci (Mis. A. borat 1%) 20. Amoniak Cair
2. Pembalut Biasa 4. Kapas Putih 6. Plester Cepat 8. Bidai 10. Pinset 12. Pipet 14. Obat Penurun Panas 16. Antialergi 18. Obat Tetes Mata
