PERENCANAAN SISTEM PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH DOMESTIK PERUMAHAN NELAYAN PUGER DENGAN MODULAR SYSTEM SHALLOW SEWER

j. ac .ubn.uenej. b i l i i g l ://di digi htthpttp://





://d htthpttp:

.id j.eajc.ac.id e n u lib. .un d/i/gdiigilib / / : p htthttp:





://d htthpttp:

c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . ilib b.u /d:/i/gdigili / : p t hthttp





://d htthpttp:

c.id

gili

://di

http

c.id

ej.a b.un

gili ://di

c.id

://d

http

http .id

j.ac

e b.un i l i g i

://d

http

c ej.a b.un

gili

://di

http

ej.a b.un i l i g i

.id

ej.a b.un

.id

j.ac

://d

http

d

.id

ac.i

gi

://di

http

e b.un i l i g i

nej. lib.u

gili

://di

http .id

://

http

:

http d ac.i

j.ac

e b.un i l i g di

c ej.a b.un

ej. b.un i l i g i

://d

http

:

http

PERENCANAAN SISTEM PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH DOMESTIK PERUMAHAN NELAYAN PUGER DENGAN MODULAR SYSTEM – SHALLOW SEWER

SKRIPSI

Oleh Feri Ejin NIM 061910301111

PROGRAM STUDI STRATA 1 TEKNIK JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS JEMBER d.id i . .id .id 2010 c j.a c j.ac c.id j.ac c.id

.id j.eajc.ac.id e n b.u un igdiilgi ilib. d / / : / htthpttp:/

une ej.a ilgibil.ib.un g i d :// di htthpttp://




://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:

c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . ilib ib.u





ej. b.un i l i g i

ac

c

://d

http

ac nej. u . b i igil

a nej.

u ilib. g i d / tp:/

://d http

ht

c

ac nej.

a nej.

b.u igili

://d

http

b.u igili

://d

http

http

:

Domestic Waste Disposal System Design of Fisherman Residence in Puger with Modular System – Shallow Sewer Feri Ejin Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering, University of Jember ABSTRACT New residence of local fisherman will be built in Puger Kulon Village in the District of Puger, Jember. This area is quite densely populated with a density of 376 inhabitants/ha The physical condition of this area is sandy soil, the spaces between houses are about 1-2 m, it is located near the river, approximately 200-300 m from the beach, and 1000 houses is being planned to be build on an area of 34.71 ha. On site waste water system (septic tank) is not suitable to be used in this area, because infiltration from the septic tank can easily penetrate into the soil and pollute ground water and rivers in this area. Three alternatives of wastewater pipe networks were scenario 1, scenario 2, scenario 3 then most effective and efficiencent will be selected pipeline scenario. Scenario number 1 was selected as the most effective and efficient

shallow sewer pipeline system because scenario 1 has an average velocity of 0.6229 m/s, the smallest total energy loss of 0.279488, efficiency in pipe length of 47.3 % and ease of maintenance when clogging occur. The diameter of pipes in the pipeline is 75 mm. The smallest dimension for the pipelines connected to communal tanks is 100 mm, where as the biggest dimension is 250 mm. The shallow sewer system requires water as much as 0.001988 m3/s for flushing maintenance.

Key words: residence of fisherman, shallow sewer, Puger Kulon.

.id

.id j.ac

j.ac

: http

ne lib.u i g i //d

://di

http

g

.id

j.ac

une ilib.

une ilib.

g ://di

http

g

://di

http

une ilib.

.id

id

. j.ac

j.ac

une ilib.

g ://di

http

:

http

c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . giliblib.u :/p/d:/i/digi p t t h htt





://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






vii

SUMMARY Domestic Waste Disposal System Design of Fisherman Residence in Puger with Modular System – Shallow Sewer; Feri Ejin, 061910301111; 2010, 66 pages; Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering, University of Jember.

Domestic waste water is wastewater from residential activities such as housing, schools, hotels, shops, and offices resulting from human activities such as human feces (black water), bath, kitchen, and laundry waste which can be processed together or separately. New residence of local fisherman will be built in Puger Kulon Village in the District of Puger, Jember. This area is quite densely populated with a density of 376 inhabitants/ha. The physical condition of this area is sandy soil, the spaces between houses are about 1-2 m, it is located near the river, approximately 200-300 m from the beach, and 1000 houses is being planned to be build on an area of 34.71 ha. On site waste water system (septic tank) is not suitable to be used in this area, because infiltration from the septic tank can easily penetrate into the soil and pollute ground water and rivers in this area. Domestic waste water system with a shallow sewer-modular system can be used as a solution to this problem. The purpose of this study is to determine an effective and efficient modular piping system for the disposal of domestic waste by using the shallow sewer method and to determine the appropriate diameter of pipes used. This research was conducted to select the most effective and efficient shallow sewer pipeline system (scenario 1, scenario 2, and scenario 3). The parameters used to select the pipelines are the flowrate of domestic waste, the slope of the channel, the velocity limits in the pipeline channel (0.5 m/s – 1.2 m/s), the smallest total energy loss, the dimension of pipes and efficiency of used pipe length, and the maintenance of the piping system. Scenario number 1 was selected as the most effective and efficient shallow sewer pipeline system among the other scenarios as a result of this research. This was

viii






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:

.id i0.279488, d d and ease of j.ac.icd.id c.id id total energy lossj.acof c.idinid pipe length of 47.3 c.id i% efficiency enj.eaj.ac. enej.ac. enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. n n n n ne ej.a u u u u . . . . libilib.u libilib.u libilib.u libilib.u libil.iub.un i i i i i g g g g g i i i i i maintenance pipes ig //d dmm. ://d dig ://d dig when cloggingttpoccur. ://d dig The diameter of ://d digin the pipeline is :75 htthpttp:// htthpttp:// h http:// htthpttp:// htthpttp://

://d htthpttp:

.id .id.id .id.id shallow sewer system .id .id is 250nmm. j.eajc.ac.id where as the biggest j.eajc.acdimension j.eajc.acThe j.eajc.ac.id requires water nej.eajc.ac.id e e e e n n n .u n .u n b.u un b.u un b.u un giilgibilib.u giilgibilib.u igdiilgi ilib. ias ifor igdiilgi ilib. igdiilgi ilib. d d d d d / / / / / / / / / / as much 0.001988 m3/second flushing maintenance. : : : : : d d / / / / / htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/

://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






concluded because scenario 1 has an average velocity of 0.6229 m/s, the smallest

The smallest dimension for the pipelines connected to communal tanks is 100 mm,

ix

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL .......................................................................................... i HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN .......................................................................ii HALAMAN MOTO .........................................................................................iii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN.......................................................................... iv HALAMAN PEMBIMBINGAN...................................................................... v HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... vi ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................vii RINGKASAN .................................................................................................viii PRAKATA ......................................................................................................... x DAFTAR ISI....................................................................................................xii DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xv DAFTAR GAMBAR...................................................................................... xvi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................xvii BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang .............................................................................. 1 1.2. Perumusan Masalah ...................................................................... 2 1.3. Tujuan dan Manfaat ..................................................................... 3 1.4. Batasan Masalah............................................................................ 3 BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1. Kondisi Umum Wilayah Studi ...................................................... 4 2.1.1 Umum ..................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 Wilayah Kabupaten Jember.................................................... 4 2.2. Sistem Sanitasi................................................................................ 7 2.2.1 Limbah .................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Karakteristik Air Limbah ........................................................ 8 2.3. Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik................................... 9 2.3.1 Sistem Sanitasi Setempat........................................................ 9 xii






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:

c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . giliblib.u :/p/d:/i/digi p t t h htt .id j.eajc.ac.id e n b.u un igdiilgi ilib. d / / : / htthpttp:/

2.3.2 Sistem Sanitasi Terpusat....................................................... 10

c.icd.id c.id id c.id id 2.4. Sistem Air Limbah 13 ej.aj.aPenyaluran ej.aj.ac. ................................................. ej.aj.ac.

c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n n n n e e e u u u u . . . . n n n libilib.u giliblib.u giliblib.u giliblib.u d/i/gdiigSistem Modularttp............................................................................ 14 :/p/2.5. :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi p p p t t t : t t t h htt h htt h htt h htt

2.5.1 Perpipaan Sistem Modular ................................................. 14

://d htthpttp:

d.id d .id.id Small Bore Sewer acSistem ac.i ................................................... ac.i .id 2.5.2 14 nej. j.ac nej. j.ac nej. j.ac

.id j.eajc.ac.id e n e e e b.u.un bl.iub.un b.u un b.u un igdiilgi ilib2.5.3 igdiilgiSewer igdiilgi ilib. igdiilgi ilib. i d d d d / / / / / / / / Sistem Shallow ........................................................ 16 : : : : / / / / htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/ htthpttp:/

://d htthpttp:

2.6. Aspek Penting Sistem Pengaliran ............................................... 18 .id j.eajc.ac.id e n u lib. .un d/i/gdiigilib / / : p htthttp:

.id d .id .id .id 2.6.1 Saluranne........................................................... 18 j.eajc.Kemiringan j.eajc.ac.id j.eajc.ac.id j.eajc.ac.id ac.i e e e n n n u u u u lib. .un lib.b.un lib. .un lib. .un d/i/gdiigilib2.6.2 Luas Penampang d/i/gdiigiliMelintang d/i/gdiigilib d/i/gdiigilib / / / / / / / / : : : : Saluran.................................. 21 p p p p htthttp: htthttp: htthttp: htthttp:

://d htthpttp:

2.6.3 Kondisi Pengaliran ............................................................. 22 c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . ilib b.u /d:/i/gdigili / : p t hthttp

ca.icd.id ca.icd.id c.id id c.id id 2.6.4 Permukaan Saluran .................................. 23 enj.eaj.Kekasaran enj.eajpada enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. . n n n n u u u u . . . . ilib b.u ilib b.u ilib b.u ilib b.u /d:/i/gdigili 2.6.5 Kecepatan /d:/i/gdigili dalam Pipa............................................. /d:/i/gdigili /d:/i/gdigili / / / / : : : : p p p p Aliran 24 t t t t hthttp hthttp hthttp hthttp

://d htthpttp:

2.7. Pola Jaringan Perpipaan ............................................................ 25 c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . giliblib.u :/p/d:/i/digi p t t h htt .id j.eajc.ac.id e n b.u un igdiilgi ilib. d / / : / htthpttp:/ .id j.eajc.ac.id e n u lib. .un d/i/gdiigilib / / : p htthttp: c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . ilib b.u /d:/i/gdigili / : p t hthttp

c.id id

c.id id

c.id id

c.id id enj.eaj.ac. n u . lib .u giliblib.u giliblib.u giliblib.u d/i/gdiigilib :/p/2.9. :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi p p p p t t t t : t t t t Pipa Air Limbah........................................................................... 28 h htt h htt h htt h htt

j.a ac. Sistem Perpipaan j.a ac. j.a ac. 2.8. Komponen 27 .unenej. .unenej. ..................................................... .unenej.

://d htthpttp:

2.9.1 Jenis Pipa ........................................................................... 28 d ac.i .id

d ac.i .id

d ac.i .id

.id j.eajc.ac.id e n b.u un igdiilgilib igdiilgilib igdiilgilib igdiilgi ilib. d d d d / / / / / / / / : : : : / / / / :/ Limbah ....................................................... 2.9.3 Letak Pipa Air htthpttp:/ htthp30 htthpttp htthpttp:/ ttp:/

c ac ej. j.aPenyalur nej. j.Bahan nPipa nej. j.ac 2.9.2 dan Ukuran Air Limbah................... 29 ib.u.une ib.u.une ib.u.une

://d htthpttp:

2.10.Penyambungan Pipa dan Menggambar Pipa ........................... 32

.id .id .id .id j.eajc.ac.id j.eajc.ac.id j.eajc.ac.id j.eajc.ac.id e e e e n n n n 2.10.1 Cara Penyambungan......................................................... 32 u u u u lib. .un lib. .un lib. .un lib. .un d/i/gdiigilib d/i/gdiigilib d/i/gdiigilib d/i/gdiigilib / / / / / / / / : : : : p p p p htthttp: htthPerpipaan htthttp: htth32 2.10.2 Gambar ............................................................ ttp: ttp:

://d htthpttp:

2.11. Debit Air Limbah ....................................................................... 33 d d d

c.i id c.i id c.i id c.id id enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. n n n n u u u u . . . . 2.12 Melalui Lubang 34 ilib ib.u .u ilib Aliran ilib b.............................................................. ilib b.u b.u g l /d:/i/gdigili /d:/i/gdigili /d:/i/gdigili / / / : : : :/p/d:/i/digi p p p p t t t t t t p hthttp2.13 Waktu Pengosongan hthttp h h t t t t Tangki ...................................................... h h36

://d htthpttp:

BAB 3. METODE .PENELITIAN .id c id id c.id id c.id id c.id id j.eajc.ac.id e enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. enj.eaj.ac. n n n n n u u u u u . . . . . n 3.1 37 igilibilib.u blib.u Penelitian........................................................................... giliblib.u giliLokasi giliblib.u giliblib.u :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi :/p/d:/i/digi ://d/dig p p p p p t t t t t t t t t t h htt h htt 3.2 Langkah-langkah h htt Penelitian........................................................ h htt h h37 ttp:/

://d htthpttp:

3.3 Kerangka 38 .id dPengerjaan Penelitian .id d................................................ .id d


ac .i nuenj.ej.ac u . b gili lib. ://di digi htthpttp://




://d htthpttp:






://d htthpttp:






xiii

BAB 4. ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1. Lokasi Penelitian.......................................................................... 41 4.2. Sistem Pengolahan Limbah Domestik ....................................... 41 4.3. Sistem Modular............................................................................ 42 4.4. Potensi Limbah ............................................................................ 43 4.4.1 Perhitungan Potensi Limbah .............................................. 43 4.4.2 Penentuan Jumlah Tangki Komunal................................... 44 4.5 Daerah Pelayanan dan Penentuan Blok. .................................... 47 4.6 Pemilihan Alternatif Jaringan Pipa ........................................... 52 4.7 Perhitungan Kemiringan, Kecepatan, Dimensi Pipa dan Kehilangan Energi..................................................................... 53 4.7.1 Pemilihan Alternatif Jaringan Pipa.................................... 53 4.7.2 Jaringan Pipa ke Komunal ................................................ 57 4.8 Dimensi Bak Penggelontor ........................................................... 60 4.9 Waktu Pengosongan Tangki ........................................................ 62 4.10 Teknik Pemeliharaan Saluran ................................................... 63 BAB 5. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1. Kesimpulan................................................................................... 64 5.2. Saran ............................................................................................. 64 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 65 LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN

xiv

PERENCANAAN SISTEM PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH DOMESTIK PERUMAHAN NELAYAN PUGER DENGAN MODULAR SYSTEM SHALLOW SEWER

Recommend Documents