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Leadership dalam Mendukung Penerapan Paradigma Baru Pelayanan Kesehatan Andreasta Meliala
[email protected]
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Paradigma Baru Pelayanan Kesehatan • Safe community • Good G dG Governance
kecepatan tindakan Ketepatan diagnosis
Keterpaduan Keakuratan Kenyamanan
Performance
Good governance
Leadership Yang kompeten dan efektif 2
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Konsep Leader
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Myths in Leadership • Leadership is an almost magical quality that some people are born with it • Leadership is a specific skill that can be learnt and applied • Leadership involves a set of wide ranging skill that can be improved with analysis and d ttraining i i • Leadership fits in certain time, place, and people 4
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Who is a Leader? A Leader is able to: 9Make people think 9Make people act Let us look as some examples 5
Who is the Leader? • • • •
65 years ago in Germany Adolf Hitler “Führer” = Leader People think: Jews are not Germans, not even human • People act: Millions died • Is that leadership? 6
Let’s look at another example from Indonesia
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Case of Indonesia • During the last 32 years: – The President said that: ¾Indonesia is the most prosperous country in Asia ¾Indonesia is the strongest country in Asia in terms of food - The people’s reaction were vary: - Silent - Under-pressured - Lost of creativity
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Who is a Leader? Make people think Make people act Is not good enough…
Make people think right M k people Make l actt right That is real leadership.!
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Leadership of Calman • Leadership requires knowing where you wantt to t go, taking t ki people l with ith you, and d giving sufficient time and energy to make it happen knowledge
charisma
skills 9
Style of Leadership • Coercive leaders demand immediate compliance: useful to lead people out of sinking ship • Authoritative leaders mobilise people towards a vision: useful when an important change is required • Affiliative leaders create emotional bonds and harmony: useful to bind team in difficult time 10
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Style of Leadership (2) • Democratic leaders build consensus through participation: useful to encourage input from valuable team members • Pace setting leaders expect excellence and self direction: useful to get quick results from a good team • Coaching C hi lleaders d d develop l people l ffor th the future: useful for long term development of key member team 11
KOMPETENSI Leader Mintzberg
Information processing roles
Otak Kiri
1. Diseminator, kompetensi dlm memberikan penjelasan 2 Monitor, 2. Monitor kompetensi memantau aktifitas di rumah sakit 3. Spokesperson, kompetensi sebagai juru bicara
Decision-making roles 1. 2. 3. 4 4.
Entrepreneur, Kompetensi seorang entrepreneur Disturbance handler, Kompetensi menangani konflik Resource allocator, Kompetensi dlm alokasi sumberdaya Negosiator Kompetensi negosiasi Negosiator,
Interpersonal roles 1. Liaison, Kompetensi merekatkan HAM 2. Figurehead, Kompetensi pengendalian perilaku 3. Credibility, Kompetensi kepemimpinan
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Tanda Adanya Kepemimpinan
• Keteraturan • Hasil/Investasi • Improvement
• Chaos? • Divestasi? • Kemunduran?
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Syarat
• Komunikasi : pertukaran informasi antar orang/kelompok
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Tugas Pemimpin
Bermimpi/Visioning Personnel
komunikasi
Personnel
gg g Menggalang Komitmen
Personnel
Personnel Personnel
Personnel
Personnel
Personnel
Personnel 15
Effective Leader/Manager?
Non-communicating Leader 16
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Ineffective Communication
Non-follower Leader 17
Power of Communication Komunikasi adalah competitive & comparative ti advantage d t
Berapa Manajer yang Menggunakan?
Berapa Besar Komunikasi dimanfaatkan?
Berapa Banyak Info yang g terbuang?
Suplai & Dukungan Alat Komunikasi yang Unlimited 18
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Deskripsi Gelas
Apa Komentar dari Seorang Pemimpin? 19
Leader Mempunyai pemikiran yang tepat yang dikeluarkan oleh personality yang tepat, di lingkungan yang tepat, di saat yang tepat dengan alasan yang tepat serta memberikan hasil yang tepat. -JC Maxwell-
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Tanggung jawab seorang pemimpin adalah mendefinisikan realita -Max dePreePelayanan buruk Biaya Mahal
Oto kritik??
SDM berkelompok
Biasa di luar??
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Change Agent Semua orang ingin mengubah dunia, tetapi tidak seorangpun ingin mengubah …………………….dirinya -Leo Tolstoy-
Status Quo
Keyakinan Resistensi 22
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Persepsi
Image
Great leader adalah orang yang ahli dalam menciptakan gambaran-gambaran positif, optimis serta jelas dalam benak orang lain dan terutama dalam benak sendiri. -SchwartzSc a t
Experience
Internalisasi 23
Anda tidak bisa mengharuskan menghar skan orang lain untuk berpikir, tetapi anda dapat mendorong mereka untuk berpikir -Frank A. DuschNosokomial infection
Medical error 24
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Komitmen
Tak seorangpun secerdas kita bersama -Blanchard-
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Profil SDM
99% SDM berada dalam tumpukan rutinitas dan tidak mau diajak untuk berpikir -Jack Welch-
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Profil Kinerja 5 % Berkinerja prima Kinerja yang dimungkinkan
90 % Berkinerja tipikal/biasa-biasa saja 5 % Karyawan bermasalah 27
Leader-Worker-Customer Leader
Worker
Customer Responsibility
Rights 28
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Ide yang Tidak Pernah Habis Idealisme meningkat sebanding dengan jarak seorang pemimpin dari masalahnya -John Galsworthy-
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Salah satu alasan orang untuk tidak meraih impian adalah karena hasrat mereka untuk mengubah cara berpikir dalam upaya mencapai dan mengubah hasil tidak pernah ada -anonym-
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Time-Place-Person Seemingly effective leaders who are wedded to only one style may become rapidly unseated when circumstances demand another. Margaret Thatcher, the epitome of conviction leadership, rapidly lost the thread (and her position) when consensus leadership may have 31 been more appropriate.
Mustahil, tidak ada dalam kamusku -Napoleon Bonaparte-
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The Flow of Health Services Leadership
Variation
Human Resources Standard
Variation
Equipment
Expected Outcome
Standard Finance
Standard
Variation
Logistic Leadership
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Effective Leader Visioner & Influencing g : at any y stage g
Management
Psychology
Regulation
Planning g Job Analysis Rotation etc
Motivation Leadership Culture etc
Law Norm etc
Effectiveness
Technical EBM Audit etc
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DISKUSI • Identifikasi gaya kepemimpinan yang pernah h anda d terapkan t k dan d sebutkan b tk situasinya • Deskripsikan contoh situasi tertentu yang cocok dengan gaya kepemimpinan tertentu (deskripsikan minimal 3 gaya kepemimpinan)
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