pack. ) Oleh : Faiq Azmi

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Perl: “Dalam Contoh Praktis 2”

( Manipulasi tanggal jam , Exec command , File dan directory, un/pack. ) Oleh : Faiq Azmi [[email protected]]

Untuk umum, hasil kompilasi beberapa sumber. Ver. 12.2008

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1. Manipulasi Date. Seperti halnya bahasa pemrograman yang lainnya, date / tanggal , jam dan yang berhubungan dengan hal tersebut sangatlah berguna, terutama didalam penamaan sebuah file ataupun pencarian sebuah data didalam sebuah file atau CDR. a. Contoh script tanpa menggunakan perl modul -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Script name : timestamp.pl $datetime = localtime; $timestamp= time; print "Date-Time : $datetime\n"; print "Time-Stamp: $timestamp\n"; Jika dirun akan menghasilkan output :

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Script name : tanggal1.pl @mmm = ('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep','Oct','Nov','Dec'); @ddd = ('Sun','Mon','Tue','Wed','Thu','Fri','Sat'); ($sec,$men,$hour,$day,$mm,$yy,$dy) = localtime(time); $sec = '0'.$sec if length($sec) == 1; $men = '0'.$men if length($men) == 1; $hh = substr(100+$hour,-2); $dd = substr(100+$day,-2); $mmm = $mmm[$mm]; $mm = substr(101+$mm,-2); $ddd = $ddd[$dy]; $yyyy = 1900+$yy; $yy = substr($yyyy,-2); print "Date-Today : $dd-$mmm-$yyyy $hh:$men:$sec\n";


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Jika dirun akan menghasilkan output:

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Script name : tanggal2.pl @mmm = ('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep','Oct','Nov','Dec'); @ddd = ('Sun','Mon','Tue','Wed','Thu','Fri','Sat'); $dc = -86400; # 1 day =86400 second ($sec,$men,$hour,$day,$mm,$yy,$dy) = localtime(time+$dc); $sec = '0'.$sec if length($sec) == 1; $men = '0'.$men if length($men) == 1; $hh = substr(100+$hour,-2); $dd = substr(100+$day,-2); $mmm = $mmm[$mm]; $mm = substr(101+$mm,-2); $ddd = $ddd[$dy]; $yyyy = 1900+$yy; $yy = substr($yyyy,-2); print "Date-Yesterday : $dd-$mmm-$yyyy $hh:$men:$sec\n"; Jika dirun akan menghasilkan output:

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b. Contoh script menggunakan perl modul Didalam web site http://search.cpan.org terdapat berbagai macam modul perl yang bisa dipakai untuk memanipulasi date. Beberapa contoh diantara adalah : 1. Date::Simple 2. Date::Calc


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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Contoh menggunakan Date::Simple module Nama script simple1.pl --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------use Date::Simple (':all'); # uses ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD) $today = today(); $today_d8 = $today->as_d8; $today_f = $today->format("%d-%b-%Y"); $tomorrow = $today + 1; $yesterday= $today - 1; $diff = date('2001-08-27') - date('1977-10-05'); $date $year $month $day

= Date::Simple->new('1972-01-17'); = $date->year; = $date->month; = $date->day;

$hari

= (('Sun','Mon','Tue','Wed','Thu','Fri','Sat')[$today->day_of_week]);

print "Today = $today\n"; print "Today D8 = $today_d8\n"; print "Today Format = $today_f\n"; print "Tomorrow = $tomorrow\n"; print "Yesterday = $yesterday\n"; print "Diff 2001-08-27 & 1977-10-05 = $diff days\n"; print "From 1972-01-17 = year -> $year\n"; print "From 1972-01-17 = month -> $month\n"; print "From 1972-01-17 = day -> $day\n"; print "Today is = $hari\n";

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Jika dijalankan akan menghasilkan output :


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Contoh menggunakan Date::Calc module Script name simple2.pl --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------use Date::Calc (':all'); ($year,$month,$day, $hour,$min,$sec) = Today_and_Now([$gmt]); sub first_in_week_delta{ my $weeks = shift; $weeks = -1 * $weeks; my ($y,$m,$d) = Today(); ($y,$m,$d) = Add_Delta_YMD($y,$m,$d, 0, 0, -7 * $weeks); ($y,$m,$d) = first_in_week($y,$m,$d); return ($y, $m, $d); } sub first_in_week{ my ($y,$m,$d) = (scalar(@_) == 3) ? (shift, shift, shift) : Today(); ($y, $m, $d) = Monday_of_Week(Week_of_Year($y, $m, $d)); return ($y, $m, $d); }

($y, $m, $d) = first_in_week_delta(0); #0 this weeks, -1 last weeks print "Today_and_Now = $day-$month-$year $hour:$min:$sec\n"; print "First date on this week : ".sprintf("%02d-%02d-%04d", $d, $m, $y)."\n";

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Jika dijalankan akan menghasilkan output :


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2. Command line windows dan *nix didalam perl. Command line yang bisa dilakukan didalam OS baik windows dan linux/unix juga bisa dilakukan didalam perl, command tersebut bisa diakomodir oleh command didalam perl itu sendiri maupun bisa juga perl menjalankan command asli dari OS tersebut. a. Command copy link("$file-dir1", "$file-dir2"); atau bisa juga rename("$file-dir1", "$file-dir2"); atau bisa juga $com = `/bin/cp $file-dir1 $file-dir2`; $com = `copy $file-dir1 $file-dir2`; b. Command delete unlink("$file-dir1"); atau bisa juga $com = `/bin/rm –fr $file-dir1`; $com = `delete $file-dir1`;

c. Command membuka directoy dan membaca file didalamnya. $path = 'C:/tools/mingw';


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opendir(dir, $path); while( ($fname = readdir(dir))){ next if $fname =~ /.exe$/gi; print "$fname\n"; } closedir(dir); Jika dijalankan akan menghasilkan output:

Bisa juga dengan command sebagai berikut di linux/unix: foreach $file ( `ls –ltr /usr/local`){ $file =~ s/(\r|\n)+//gi; print "$file\n"; } ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. Convert file format. File format convert bisa dilakukan didalam perl baik itu binary, hexa , asci dan lainnya . Berikut contoh file convert dari binary ke ascii dengan extract record per 187 dari sebuah CDR binary.

Contoh script binary to ascci dengan extract perl 187 record size.


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# sample format utk extract perl recordsize=187 $template = "a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 ". "a1 a1 a1 "; $recordsize = length(pack($template,( ))); #print $recordsize; open(fin,"2008010100641860.DAT"); while(read(fin,$record,$recordsize)){

@data = unpack($template,$record);

for ($i=0; $i < @data; $i++){ $data[$i] = sprintf('%02X', ord($data[$i])); } $sn = hex("$data[3]$data[2]$data[1]$data[0]"); $snmod = hex("$data[7]$data[6]$data[5]$data[4]"); $modno = hex("$data[8]"); #$cdrtype = unpack("B*", pack("H*", $data[9])); $cdrtype = hex("$data[9]");


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$chgstart = hex("$data[11]$data[10]").sprintf("%.2d",hex("$data[12]")).sprintf("%.2d",hex("$data[13]")).sprintf("%.2d",hex("$data[14 ]")).sprintf("%.2d",hex("$data[15]")).sprintf("%.2d",hex("$data[16]")); $atype_plan = unpack("B*", pack("H*", $data[17])); $an_type = substr($atype_plan,1,3); $an_plan = substr($atype_plan,4); $anumber = "$data[19]$data[20]$data[21]$data[22]$data[23]$data[24]$data[25]$data[26]$data[27]$data[28]$data[29]$data[30]"; $anumber =~ s/\F//gi; $btype_plan = unpack("B*", pack("H*", $data[31])); $bn_type = substr($btype_plan,1,3); $bn_plan = substr($btype_plan,4); $bnumber = "$data[33]$data[34]$data[35]$data[36]$data[37]$data[38]$data[39]$data[40]$data[41]$data[42]$data[43]$data[44]"; $bnumber =~ s/\F//gi; $ctype_plan = unpack("B*", pack("H*", $data[45])); $cn_type = substr($ctype_plan,1,3); $cn_plan = substr($ctype_plan,4); $cnumber = "$data[47]$data[48]$data[49]$data[50]$data[51]$data[52]$data[53]$data[54]$data[55]$data[56]$data[57]$data[58]"; $cnumber =~ s/\F//gi; $call_tldn = ""; print "$sn,$snmod,$modno,$cdrtype,$chgstart,$an_type,$an_plan,$anumber,$bn_type,$bn_plan,$bnumber,$cn_type,$cn_plan,$ cnumber,\n";

} close(fin);

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Math bin2hex my %hex = ( 0000 => '0', 0001 => '1', 0010 => '2', 0011 => '3', 0100 => '4', 0101 => '5', 0110 => '6', 0111 => '7', 1000 => '8', 1001 => '9', 1010 => 'A', 1011 => 'B', 1100 => 'C', 1101 => 'D', 1110 => 'E', 1111 => 'F', ); my $x = '110111011111101111101000110000'; my $hexnumber = ''; while($x=~/(....)/g){ $hexnumber .= $hex{$1}; } print $hexnumber . "\n";

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hex2bin script


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%h2b = (0 => "0000", 1 => "0001", 2 => "0010", 3 => "0011", 4 => "0100", 5 => "0101", 6 => "0110", 7 => "0111", 8 => "1000", 9 => "1001", a => "1010", b => "1011", c => "1100", d => "1101", e => "1110", f => "1111", ); $hex = "414243"; ($binary = $hex) =~ s/(.)/$h2b{lc $1}/g; print $binary. "\n";

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Untuk lebih detailnya kita bisa menggunakan modul perl atau bisa Juga membaca manual pack dan unpack fungsi didalam perl. 4. Mengambil data dari Horisontal CDR. Source_file data.txt ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mon 01-Mar-2008 16:00:00 Dn = 2199205006 Balance = 4000 Expired = 21-Dec-2008 Type = 1 Mon 01-Mar-2008 16:01:00 Dn = 2199205007 Balance = 40 Expired = 20-Dec-2008 Type = 1 Mon 01-Mar-2008 16:01:50 Dn = 2199205001 Balance = 45 Expired = 29-Dec-2008 Type = 1 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Script data.pl @parameter = ( 'log-date', 'dn', 'balance', 'expired', 'type' );


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open(fin,"data.txt"); while(){ $_ =~ s/(\r|\n)+//gi; next if $_ eq ''; if ( /^\w{3} \d{2}-$\w{3}-\d{4} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/ ){ $idx = 1; $c++; } if ( $idx == 1 ){ $_ =~ s/\s+//gi; ($par,$val) = split('='); if ( $par =~ /^\w{3} \d{2}-$\w{3}-\d{4} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/ ){ $val = $par; $par = 'log-date'; } $par =~ s/(^\s|\s$|\r|\n)+//; $val =~ s/(^\s|\s$|\r|\n)+//; $par = "\L$par"; $dat{$c,$par} = $val; } if ( /Type/ ){ $idx = 0; $it = -1; $ti++; for $prm (@parameter){ $it++; $doto = sprintf ("%s%s", $it ? "|" : "", $dat{$c,$prm}); $dot{$ti} .= $doto; } print "$dot{$ti}\n"; $dot{$ti} = undef; }

} close(fin);

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Daftar Pustaka 1. www.google.com 2. Pengalaman Penulis.


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pack. ) Oleh : Faiq Azmi

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