Materi 5: Introduction to Programmable Controllers I Nyoman Kusuma Wardana Sistem Komputer STMIK STIKOM Bali
Introduction to Programmable Controllers
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Programmable Logic Controllers disebut jg sbg Programmable Controllers (PLC) PLC alat berbasis mikroporsesor yg dikhususkan utk tujuan kontrol PLC mampu menyimpan instruksi yg meliputi: sequencing, timing, data manipulation, & communication utk mengontrol proses industri Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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PLC conceptual application diagram Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Saat ini, sinyal elektrik dijadikan sbg sinyal kontrol Contoh: relay memungkinkan pengontrolan daya tanpa saklar mekanik Perkembangan komputer melahirkan PLC PLC mulai dikembangkan thn 1970-an dan mnjd begitu populer sampai saat ini, terutama utk kontrol proses
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Kelebihan yg ditawarkan PLC: Harga yg efektif utk mengontrol sistem yg kompleks Fleksibel dpt diganti utk mengontrol sistem yg lain dgn cepat & mudah Kemampuan komputasi memungkinkan algoritma pengontrolan yg canggih Troubleshooting menghemat waktu Ketangguhan komponen digunakan utk jangka lama Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Konsep awal PLC pengganti relay, utk fungsi ON/OFF utk mengontrol proses/mesin dlm urutan tertentu Selanjutnya PLC mengalami prkembangan pesat: • Time scanning yg cepat • High-density I/O • Intelligent microprocessor-based dpt menerapkan PID, network, CANbus, fieldbus • Support bhs tingkat tinggi: BASIC, C • Peripheral equipment handled programming unit Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Contoh: Allen-Bradley’s PLC
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Introduction to Programmable Controllers
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Dua bagian utama: 1. CPU 2. Antarmuka I/O (input-output)
Programmable controller block diagram Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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I/O scr fisik terkoneksi dgn field device Field device: • limit switch, • pressure transducer, • pushbutton, • motor starter, • solenoid, dsb Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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CPU sendiri terdiri dr komponen utama: processor, sistem memori & power supply
Block diagram of major CPU components Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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CPU melakukan 3 proses operasi: 1. Read: membaca input dr field device 2. Execute: menjalankan program yg tersimpan pd memori 3. Write: update status ke output device
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Sistem I/O mlalui suatu antarmuka (interface)
Input/output interface Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Programming device dapat berupa: 1. Personal computer 2. Miniprogrammer unit
Personal Computer
Miniprogrammer Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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PLC vs Relay Control PLC menawarkan: fleksibilitas, troubleshooting & maintenance Kontrol relai mulai kesulitan ketika dihadapkan pd perkembangan dunia industri yg begitu pesat Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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PLC vs Computer Control PLC bertahan pd lingkungan industri: • electrical noise, • electromagnetic interference, • mechanical vibration, • noncondensing humidity, dsb
PLC dikhususkan utk menjalankan software yg terdedikasi utk tujuan kontrol, sdgkan komputer dapat ditanamkan berbagai aplikasi Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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PLC yg tersusun rapi pd suatu panel kontrol Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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PLC vs Personal Computer PLC menawarkan koneksi dgn field device
A personal computer used as a bridge between a PLC system and a main computer system Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Contoh penerapan PLC:
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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PLC dpt disegmentasikan mnjd 5 grup: 1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
Micro PLC Small PLC Medium PLC Large PLC Very Large PLC
PLC product ranges Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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(a) Mitsubishi’s smallest print size PLC (14 I/O), (b) PLC Direct DL105 with 18 I/O and a capacity of 6 amps per output channel, (c) Giddings & Lewis PIC90 capable of handling 128 I/O with motion control capabilities, (d) Allen-Bradley’s PLC 5/15 (512 I/O), (e) Omron’s C200H PLC (1392 I/O), and (f) Allen-Bradley’s PLC 5/80 (3072 I/O) Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Bhs pemrograman memungkinkan user utk memasukkan program ke PLC Tiga tipe pemrograman PLC, sbb: 1. Ladder 2. Boolean 3. Grafcet
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Introduction to Programmable Controllers
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Ladder bhs pemrograman yg menggunakan simbol dasar dan prinsip kerja relai Ladder dikenal sbg diagram tangga
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Amati diagram tangga berikut: Diagram digambarkan secara
hardware
Diagram digambarkan pada Ladder
PLC Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Beberapa jenis simbol dlm diagram relai: Limit switch (NO) Pushbutton (NO)
Coils
Pressure (NO) Motor Limit switch (NC) Pushbutton (NC)
Pilot Light
Temperature (NO)
Siren, Horn Liquid level (NO)
Contact (NO)
Solenoid Liquid level (NC)
Flow (NO)
Contact (NC) Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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ELECTRICAL RELAY DIAGRAM SYMBOLS
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Amati contoh berikut:
Simple electrical ladder diagram Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
Diagram ladder memperlihatkan interkoneksi satu komponen dgn komponen lainnya Mengubah status 1 komponen akan mengakibatkan perubahan status komponen lainnya 29
Aplikasi yg menerapkan I/O:
PLC implementation Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Bbrp peluang konfigurasi I/O :
Possible Kusuma configurations Wardana, M.Sc. of inputs and corresponding outputs 31
Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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Bryan,L.A., Bryan, E.A., 1997, Programmable Controllers: Theory and Implementation, Industrial Text Company Dunn,W.C, 2005, Fundamental of Industrial Instrumentation and Process Control, McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Jack, Hugh, 2003, Automatic Manufacturing Systems with PLCs, Free Software Foundation (GNU Free Document License). Available at: http://claymore.engineer.gvsu.edu/~jackh/bo oks.html Kusuma Wardana, M.Sc.
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