DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR NATURAL RUBBER SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT WITH GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATIONS REFERENCE APPROACH (CASE STUDY IN PT. CONDONG GARUT)
Marimin, M. Arif Darmawan and Daniel Saputra Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, IPB Darmaga Campus, PO BOX 220, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Phone 62 251 8624622, email:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT The ability to make decisions quickly and accurately will be a key to success in global competition in the future. Integration of hardware, software, and processes are necessary to produce a decision support system (DSS) is focused on helping executives to make decisions. Demand of natural rubber in Indonesia, from year to year continues to increase with increasing human needs for equipmentthat is elastic and not easily broken. One of the largest natural rubber agroindustry is PT. XYZ located in the southern coastal area Garut, West Java. The sources of Indonesia’s economy is derived from export and import activities,one of them is the export of natural rubber. Economic growth in the natural rubber agroindustry is expected to care for the environment. Economic growth refers to the environmental conditions expected to create sustainable development that can be implemented in the long term. These conditions make the company should be able to improve its supply chain management for the entire business process can run well. The main objective of this research is to design and develop web-based decision-making systems that can provide the output as a solution to existing problems and efforts to improve the supply chain so that the natural rubber agroindusty can grow and increase profits. The need for a system that can assist in decision-making process to improve the performance of the agro-natural rubber, charged with designing an application program called Agrogreenrubber. This system provides a variety of models and decision alternatives, which are the prospective product model selection, the potential costumer model selection, strategy model selection to choose the best plasma, and the company's performance measurement model. The approach used to process and analyze data that is MPE method, AHP, and AHP GSCOR. Keywords : decision support system, natural rubber, AHP-GSCOR
DANIEL SAPUTRA. F34080019. Sistem Penunjang Keputusan Manajemen Rantai Pasok Karet Alam dengan Pendekatan Green Supply Chain Operations Reference (Studi Kasus Di PT. Condong Garut). Dibawah bimbingan Marimin dan M. Arif Darmawan. 2012.
RINGKASAN Karet alam merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang penting untuk Indonesia dan lingkup internasional. Di Indonesia khususnya di Pulau Jawa, salah satu sentra tanaman karet yang cukup besar berada di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. Sekitar kurang lebih 95 km dari Ibu Kota Garut, dengan ketinggian 600-800 meter dari permukaan laut, terdapat suatu perusahaan swasta yang memiliki total luas areal perkebunan karet seluas 2,741.81 Ha. Selain mempunyai perkebunan karet, perusahaan ini mempunyai beberapa pabrik pengolahan karet yang berdekatan dengan perkebunan karet. Setiap hari di perkebunan karet terjadi proses pemanenan lateks dimana hasil dari pemanenan ini akan dikirim ke pabrik pengolahan karet. Lateks yang telah diterima pabrik akan ditransformasikan menjadi beberapa produk-produk turunan karet alam yang berkualitas, seperti Ribbed Smoked Sheet dan Brown Crepe. Namun pada kenyataannya, produktivitas lahan karet pada perkebunan ini mulai mengalami penurunan sehingga mutu lateks yang dihasilkan juga kurang memuaskan. Salah satu penyebab utama permasalahan ini adalah pengelolaan perkebunan karet yang seadanya, misalnya perawatan tanaman yang utama seperti pemupukan dan pemberantasan gulma jarang dilakukan. Selain itu, klon-klon baru yang memiliki produktivitas lateks tinggi banyak yang tidak dikenali. Produktivitas perkebunan karet yang rendah juga dapat disebabkan oleh kualitas bibit yang rendah, pemanfaatan lahan perkebunan yang tidak optimal, dan pemeliharaan tanaman yang buruk. Jika dibiarkan semakin lama permasalahan ini, dikhawatirkan kualitas dan kuantitas dari produk yang dihasilkan juga menurun. Penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas dari produk yang dihasilkan dapat menurunkan keuntungan perusahaan karena jumlah produk yang berkualitas yang akan ditawarkan kepada konsumen pun terbatas. Padahal, produktivitas lateks yang menurun bukan menjadi suatu alasan keterbatasan pemasukan perusahaan, karena perusahaan dapat memaksimalkan proses produksi untuk menghasilkan produk prospektif sehingga pemilihan konsumen yang potensial untuk membeli produk berkualitas dengan kuantitas yang banyak dapat ditentukan. Dalam mengatasi keterbatasan pemasukan perusahaan atas masalah-masalah yang ada dalam agroindustri karet, para pengambil keputusan dihadapkan pada penentuan bagaimana keputusankeputusan yang rasional harus diambil dan menentukan pilihan yang tepat dan akurat secara cepat. Sistem penunjang keputusan merupakan bentuk evolusi dari pengolahan data elektronik dan sistem informasi manajemen yang berfokus untuk membantu manajemen puncak dan eksekutif mengambil keputusan dan bertumpu pada fleksibilitas, adaptabilitas, dan jawaban yang cepat, yang dapat dikendalikan oleh pengguna (Suryadi dan Ramdhani 1998). Sistem penunjang keputusan pada penelitian ini juga dapat membantu para pengambil keputusan untuk memilih berbagai alternatif keputusan berupa hasil pengolahan informasi-informasi yang diperoleh. Selain sistem sudah dilengkapi dengan model-model pemilihan yang merupakan representasi dari permasalahan yang ada di perusahaan, pengembangan sistem ini juga dipadukan dengan manajemen rantai pasok guna memperlancar setiap informasi dan produk, mulai dari suplier sampai dengan konsumen, agar tercipta suatu hubungan teratur dari hulu ke hilir sehingga pengukuran terhadap rantai pasok pun dapat diukur. Metodologi penelitian ini terdiri dari analisis kebutuhan sistem, formulasi permasalahan, dan identifikasi sistem. Sementara, tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu pengumpulan data dan informasi dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan pakar, mengolah dan menganalisis data, mengembangkan sistem, menguji, dan mengevaluasi model. Data yang digunakan untuk
memilih produk prospektif, konsumen potensial, penentuan strategi pemilihan plasma unggul (petani kebun karet) merupakan data-data yang telah ditentukan oleh pakar dari hasil wawancara. Sementara data yang digunakan untuk menentukan nilai metrik kinerja dalam pengukuran merupakan data-data yang diperoleh dari pustaka yang menjadi faktor peningkatan performa dan pengembangan perusahaan. Agrogreenrubber merupakan sebuah sistem penunjang keputusan berbasis web yang diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan yang ada di perusahaan dengan menyajikan berbagai model dan alternatif keputusan, yaitu model pemilihan produk prospektif, model pemilihan konsumen potensial, model strategi pemilihan pemilihan plasma terbaik, dan model pengukuran kinerja perusahaan. Model-model dalam Agrogreenrubber merupakan representasi terhadap permasalahan nyata di PT. Condong Garut. Model pemilihan produk prospektif dan model pemilihan konsumen potensial dianalisis dengan pendekatan metode perbandingan eksponensial (MPE). Model penentuan strategi pemilihan plasma unggul dianalisis dengan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Sementara untuk menentukan nilai metrik kinerja dalam model pengukuran kinerja perusahaan, dilakukan pembobotan dengan menggunakan pendekatan GSCOR yang dikombinasikan dengan AHP. Hasil keluaran pada model pemilihan produk prospektif menghasilkan bahwa produk terbaik untuk diproduksi adalah Ribbed Smoked Sheet kualitas 1. Namun mengingat sarana dan prasarana serta sumberdaya manusia yang menanganinya masih terbatas, maka diharapkan perusahaan mampu menyesuaikannya sehingga dapat tercapai produktivitas optimal dan keuntungan yang maksimal. Sementara pada model pemilihan konsumen potensial menyimpulkan bahwa konsumen terbaik untuk memasarkan produk olahan karet alam adalah WTP. Model penentuan strategi pemilihan plasma unggul menghasilkan alternatif-alternatif yang dapat mewakili penilaian perusahaan inti terhadap plasma sebagai mitra perusahaan dalam memelihara kebun karet dan menghasilkan lateks. Alternatif-altenatif tersebut diperoleh melalui pembobotan AHP berdasarkan faktor-faktor kunci yang membuat suatu plasma unggul. Alternatif dengan bobot terbesar yaitu merawat, memanen dan menyaring lateks sesuai prosedur dengan bobot 0.420, menjadi hal terpenting dalam menilai keunggulan suatu plasma. Pengukuran kinerja perusahaan dalam model keempat didasarkan kepada semua aspek metrik kinerja yang yang diperoleh melalui pembobotan AHP. Hasil akhir yang diperoleh berdasarkan tabel pengukuran kinerja yaitu kinerja rantai pasok perusahaan terbaik. Keluaran rekomendasi dari sistem menunjukkan perbaikan pada aspek yang bernilai kurang dan cukup. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah perlu penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok karet dengan pendekatan GSCOR sehingga penilaian kinerja dapat dilakukan secara menyeluruh dan terperinci. Selain itu, sebaiknya diadakan pengukuran kinerja dari para mitra plasma sehingga hasil yang keluar terlihat lebih nyata.
Daniel Saputra. F34080019. Decision Support System For Natural Rubber Supply Chain Management with Green Supply Chain Operations Reference Approach (Case Study In PT. Condong Garut). Supervised by Marimin and M. Arif Darmawan. 2012.
SUMMARY Natural rubber is one of the important agricultural commodity for Indonesia and international scope. In Indonesia, especially in Java, one of the biggest industry of rubber was located in Kabupaten Garut, West Java. Approximately less than 95 km from the capital city of Garut, with a height of 600800 meters above sea level, there is a private company that has a total area of 2.741,81 hectares of rubber plantation area. Besides having a rubber plantation, the company has several rubber processing plant adjacent to the rubber plantations. Every day in the process of harvesting rubber latex in which the results of the harvest will be sent to a processing plant rubber. Latex has received factory will be transformed into a number of derivative products quality natural rubber, such as Ribbed Smoked Sheet and Brown Crepe. But in reality, the rubber plantation land productivity is on the decline so that the quality of the resulting latex was also less than satisfactory. One of the main problems is the management of the crude rubber plantation, such as the main treatment plant fertilization and weed eradication is rarely done. In addition, new clones, which have much higher productivity latex unrecognized. Low productivity of rubber plantations can also be caused by low quality seeds, farm land use that is not optimal, and poor maintenance of plants. If left longer the issue, it is feared the quality and quantity of the product also decreased. Decline in the quality and quantity of the product can reduce corporate profits as the number of high quality products that will be offered to consumers is limited. In fact, productivity declined latex not be a reason for the limitations of the company's revenue, since the company can maximize the production process so as to produce elections prospective potential consumers to buy quality products with a lot quantity can be determined. In addressing the limitations of the company's revenue for the problems that exist in the agrorubber, decision makers are faced with determining how rational decisions to be taken and make the right choice quickly and accurately. Decision support system is a form of evolution of electronic data processing and information management systems that are focused on helping top management and executives make decisions and rely on the flexibility, adaptability and rapid response, which can be controlled by the user (Suryadi and Ramdhani 1998). Decision support systems in this study can also help decision-makers to choose alternatives such decisions result of processing the information obtained. In addition the system is equipped with a selection of models that are representative of the problems that exist in the company, the development of this system is also integrated with supply chain management to facilitate any information and products, ranging from suppliers to consumers, in order to create a relationship orderly from upstream to downstream so that the measurement of the supply chain can be measured. The methodology of this research consists of the analysis of system requirements, formulation issues, and identification systems. Meanwhile, conducted the research stages of data collection and information by observation and interviews with experts, process and analyze data, develop systems, test, and evaluate the model. The data used to select prospective products, potential customers, determining the selection strategy superior plasma is the data that has been determined by experts from the interview. While the data used to determine the value of performance metrics in the measurement data are obtained from the literature that factor into increased performance and development company.
Agrogreenrubber is a web-based decision support system that is expected to address the problems that exist in the company by presenting various models and decision alternatives, ie prospective model of product selection, model selection of potential consumers, the model selection strategy selection of the best plasma, and performance measurement model. The models in Agrogreenrubber a representation of the real problems in the PT. Condong Garut. Model selection and model selection of products prospective potential customers analyzed by comparative method exponential approach. Model the strategy of winning elections plasma were analyzed by the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process. While the selection of performance metrics to determine the performance measurement model, weighted by GSCOR approach combined with AHP. The output on the model selection of prospective yield products that are manufactured products for Ribbed Smoked Sheet 1. However, given the infrastructure and human resources to handle is still limited, it is expected that the company is able to adjust so as to achieve optimum productivity and profitability are maximized. While the model concluded that the selection of potential consumers for marketing consumer products processed natural rubber is WTP. Model the plasma selection strategy produces superior alternatives that can represent the core of the assessment of plasma as a corporate partner in maintaining and producing rubber latex. Alternative-alternative obtained through AHP weighting based on the key factors that make a superior plasma. Alternative with the greatest weight is caring for, harvesting and filtering procedures latex suit with weights 0.420, became the most important in assessing the advantages of a plasma. Measuring the performance of the company in the fourth model is based on all aspects of the performance metrics obtained through AHP weighting. The final results were obtained by chart performance measurement is the best company supply chain performance. The output of the system shows improvement recommendations on aspects that are less valuable and fairly. Suggestions in this study is the need to further research on the measurement of the performance of the supply chain so that rubber GSCOR approach to performance assessment be thorough and detailed. In addition, performance measurement should be held from the plasma so that the partners who came out to look more real.
