KEBIJAKAN KEAMANAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI ASIA TIMUR PASCA TRAGEDI 11 SEPTEMBER (UNITED STATES’ SECURITY POLICY IN EAST ASIA POST SEPTEMBER 11th TRAGEDY) SKRIPSI
Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Persyaratan Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana (Strata – 1) Dalam Ilmu Sosial Politik Spesialis Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ULFA HAMDI 20040510010
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK JURUSAN HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL 2008
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KEBIJAKAN KEAMANAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI ASIA TIMUR PASCA TRAGEDI 11 SEPTEMBER SKRIPSI
ULFA HAMDI 20040510010 Telah di Pertahankan dan disahkan di depan tim penguji Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hari / Tanggal : Selasa / 14 Oktober 2008 Jam
: 11 . 00 WIB
Tempat
: Ruang uji HI A Susunan tim penguji Ketua
Sugeng Riyanto, S.IP., M.Si
Penguji I
Penguji II
Grace Lestariana W., S.IP., M.Si
Dr. Bambang Cipto, MA
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ΜΟΤΤΟ
“Γοd Γαϖε Pεοpλε Μεmορy. Τηε Γιfτ οf Μεmορy Αλλοwεd Pεοpλε το Pασσ Ηιστορy ον fροm γενερατιον το Γενερατιον Βυτ ιτ wασ οfτεν mισρεpρεσεντεd, ανd γοd γαϖε pεοpλε α γιfτ οf Wριτινγ.” (ScaraBall, Urse Games)
"Αdα ηαλ-ηαλ yανγ kιτα ταηυ bαηwα kιτα ταηυ, Αdα ηαλ-ηαλ yανγ kιτα ταηυ bαηwα kιτα τιdαk ταηυ, Ναmυν αdα ϕυγα ηαλ-ηαλ yανγ kιτα τιdαk ταηυ bαηwα kιτα τιdαk ταηυ.” (Donald Rumsfeld)
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PERSEMBAHAN
This writing is presented to:
Mr. Ipen Bachtiar and Mrs. Fatrayelli; who have given everything, so I can have my study completed. I hope this thing will make you proud.
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KATA PENGANTAR
My greatest thank to The Almighty Lord. I would have never done anything without your lead. This writing is nothing more has the purpose to the development and learning further about political science. To reach the greatest condition of world order and lead our nation into the better future. Realizing my ability without perfection in writing. I am expecting considerations about mistakes that written in this writing. This writing would not be completed without support from everybody who knows me and who have given me critics and suggestions. For those reasons, allow me saying thanks to: •
Mr. Sugeng Riyanto, S.IP., M.Si as my adviser who have given me critics, suggestions, and solution. For unleashed my mind about political science. You are an expert about military and security.
•
Mrs. Grace Lestariana W., S.IP., M.Si as my 1st examiner who have shown me what “detail” means and especially about the “cold war” and comparative logic.
•
Mr. Dr. Bambang Cipto, MA as MY 2nd examiner who really makes me understand about how the United States’ policies designed.
•
All of the administration staffs who have dealt all of my administration.
•
My Parents Ipen Bachtiar and Fatrayelli, and My Brothers; Fadhillah Hamda and Hifzi Priabdi for supporting me all the time.
•
Diah Amalia Sujiprihasti, SH for all of the suggestion about life.
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My Soul mates: Rizky (Rhea) and Yuni Wulandari, Amd. We are Soul mates.
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•
All of my friends. Ratih Retno Widyasary Al-Qahtaniy and Akhta Suhendra. Ery Djatu Puspitasari, S.IP, “Geng Mafia Balap Mobil Liar Jalanan”; Guntur, Adi Mohawk, Sugeng, Topan, Adi Giraffe, Punky. All member of Duri Community. And my grateful thanks to all people who knows me and my fans
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All people who have red this masterpiece of mine.
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DAFTAR ISI Halaman Halaman Judul ..................................................................................................................
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Halaman Pengesahan ........................................................................................................
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Motto .................................................................................................................................
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Kata Persembahan .............................................................................................................
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Kata Pengantar ..................................................................................................................
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Daftar Isi ...........................................................................................................................
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BAB I PENDAHULUAN................................................................................................
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A. Latar Belakang Masalah........................................................................................
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B. Rumusan Permasalahan ........................................................................................
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C. Kerangka Pemikiran ..............................................................................................
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D. Hipotesis................................................................................................................
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E. Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................................
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F. Jangkauan Penelitian .............................................................................................
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G. Metode Penelitian .................................................................................................
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H. Sistematika Penulisan ...........................................................................................
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BAB II KETERLIBATAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI ASIA TIMUR .....................
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A. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat di Asia Timur Pada Masa Perang Dingin .....................................................................................
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1. Kondisi Kawasan Asia Timur Pada Masa Perang Dingin ................................
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2. Kepentingan Amerika Serikat Di Asia Timur Pada Masa Perang Dingin .......
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3. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat Di Asia Timur Pada Masa Perang Dingin ...............................................................................
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3.1. Pemerintahan Harry S. Truman .................................................................
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3.2. Pemerintahan Dwight D. Eisenhower .......................................................
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B. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat di Asia Timur Pasca Perang Dingin .......
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1. Politik Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat Di Asia Timur Pasca Perang Dingin .....
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1.1. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat di Asia Timur Pada Masa George Herbert Walker Bush .................................................
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1.2. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat di Asia Timur Pada Masa Bill Clinton .............................................................................
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2. Kehadiran Militer Amerika Serikat Di Asia Timur Pasca Perang Dingin .......
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BAB III SISTEM INTERNASIONAL PASCA 11 SEPTEMBER ............................
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A. Isu Terorisme Internasional ..................................................................................
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1. Serangan Terhadap Kedutaan Amerika Serikat Di Tanzania Dan Kenya ...................................................................................
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2. USS Cole Bombing ...........................................................................................
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B. Perubahan Perpolitikan Amerika Serikat Pasca Tragedi 11 September ...............
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1. Tragedi 11 September ......................................................................................
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2. Penggunaan Isu Terorisme Dan Senjata Pemusnah Massal Dalam Mencapai Kepentingan Amerika Serikat ..............................................
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3. The Bush Doctrine ............................................................................................
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C. Isu Keamanan Di Asia Timur ...............................................................................
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1. Keamanan Selat Taiwan ...................................................................................
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2. Keamanan Semenanjung Korea .......................................................................
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D. Kepentingan Amerika Serikat Di Asia Timur.......................................................
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BAB IV KEBIJAKAN KEAMANAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI ASIA TIMUR PASCA TRAGEDI 11 SEPTEMBER .............................................................
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A. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat Terhadap Korea Utara ............................ 101 B. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat Terhadap China ...................................... 113 C. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat Terhadap Taiwan .................................... 125 D. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat Terhadap Jepang ..................................... 132 E. Kebijakan Keamanan Amerika Serikat Terhadap Korea Selatan ......................... 140
BAB V KESIMPULAN .................................................................................................. 145 DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
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Yogyakarta, Oktober 2008
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Penulis
