Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 DAFTAR ISI
HAL
PERANCANGAN SISTEM FILTRASI TERKENDALI DALAM AKUAKULTUR SISTEM RESIRKULASI IKAN Design of Controlled Filtration System in Aquacultural Recirculation System Ardiansyah, Budi Indra Setiawan
1~8
PEMODELAN DISTRIBUSI LARUTAN DALAM TANAH PADA SISTEM FERTIGASI KENDI (Modeling of Solute Distribution in Soil on Pitcher Fertigation System) Hermantoro, B. I. Setiawan, S. Hardjoamidjojo, dan M. H. Bintoro
9~16
KAJIAN STABILITAS LERENG LAHAN SAWAH PADA BERBAGAI RANCANGAN TERAS BANGKU (STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN BANJARWANGI, KABUPATEN GARUT) Asep Sapei, S. Hardjoamidjojo, Erizal1 dan Mustafril
17~23
RUNOFF ANALYSIS USING TANK MODEL FOR SEVERAL WATERSHEDS IN JAVA ISLAND, INDONESIA M.Yanuar. J. Purwanto and Akira Goto
24~31
KARAKTERISTIK DAN ANALISIS EKSERGI PEMBEKUAN IKAN PATIN DAN AYAM BROILER Armansyah H. Tambunan, Srimudiastuti Priyanto, Anastasya Dyah Angraheni
32~42
MODEL OPTIMASI JADWAL KERJA PENGOLAHAN TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN PADI DENGAN METODE GENETIC ALGORITHMS Optimization Model for Work Scheduling of Tillage on Paddy Fields With Genetic Algorithms Method Arief RM Akbar1, Marimin2 dan Yandra2
43~49
PENGARUH BERBAGAI TINGKAT SUHU DAN KECEPATAN ALIRAN UDARA PENGERING TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENGERINGAN KUBIS The Effect of Different temperature and Flow rate Levels on Drying Characteristics of Cabbage Rizal Alamsyah1) , Putiati Mahdar2), dan Roslina Erdawati Hutagaol2)
50~59
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 PERANCANGAN SISTEM FILTRASI TERKENDALI DALAM AKUAKULTUR SISTEM RESIRKULASI IKAN Design of Controlled Filtration System in Aquacultural Recirculation System Ardiansyah1 dan Budi Indra Setiawan2
Abstract Recirculating Aquaculture Systems are systems which re-use water equipped with mechanical and biological treatments. A recirculating system generally occupies very little area, requires less water and provides a predictable production. One component which plays significant role in recirculating system is filtration unit for mechanical and biological treatments. This unit eliminate solute from fish waste and uneaten food by holding it in the pores of mechanical filter. Moreover, the biological filter transforms ammonia (NH3) which is toxic to fish to relatively harmless nitrate (NO3 -) through bacterial nitrification. The aim of this paper is to describe the pattern of water flow in multi-layer, horizontal filtration unit. Five layers with distinct materials which each has their own hydraulic conductivity prepared to perform filtration function. The appropriate dimension of filtration unit is determined by subsequent analysis of water flow. Fuzzy logic controlling is applied to keep balance of water flow in the whole recirculating system. Result shows that controlling in input and output column enable the filtration system acquire steady state condition. Keywords : Recirculating system, filtration, hydraulic conductivity, fuzzy control
1 2
Mahasiswa Pascasarjana Ilmu Keteknikan Pertanian IPB Staf Pengajar Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian IPB
1~8
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 PEMODELAN DISTRIBUSI LARUTAN DALAM TANAH PADA SISTEM FERTIGASI KENDI Modeling of Solute Distribution in Soil on Pitcher Fertigation System Hermantoro 1, B.I. Setiawan2, S. Hardjoamidjojo2, dan M.H. Bintoro2
Abstract High motivation in developing pitcher fertigation system due to both the successfulness of application of pitcher irrigation and application of fertigation through micro irrigation system. Experiments to achieve a clear view of solute distribution in soil on pitcher fertigation system have already conducted in Soil Biophysics Laboratory and Leuwikopo Experiment Station, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bogor Agriculture University. The main objective of the research is to develop a two-dimensional finite difference model to simulate soil moisture and solute concentration distribution in soil on pitcher fertigation system. The model was verified with solute concentration measurement in soil box. Solute concentration in soil was estimated from electrical conductivity. The overall performance of the developed model was favorable when simulating water content and solute concentration distribution in soil. Keywords : Pitcher, fertigation, solute distribution, simulation.
1 2
Mahasiswa Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Keteknikan Pertanian IPB Dosen Program Pascasarjana IPB
9~16
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 KAJIAN STABILITAS LERENG LAHAN SAWAH PADA BERBAGAI RANCANGAN TERAS BANGKU (STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN BANJARWANGI, KABUPATEN GARUT) Asep Sapei1, S. Hardjoamidjojo1, Erizal1 dan Mustafril2
Abstract Terracing is one of commonly methods for soil and water conservation on hillside zone cultivation. But, some researchers found that any landslide occurred on that land. This research aims to study the change of slope stability on several terrace designs. The result shows that USSCS method gave higher vertical interval (VI) and horizontal interval (HI) than Hurni method. The stability of terrace following USSCS and Hurni methods were high for translation landslide and without soil water effect. The stability of terrace was low for rotation landslide. Key words : Terracing, slope stability
1 2
Staf Pengajar Bagian Teknik Tanah dan Air, Jurusan Teknik Pertanian FATETA-IPB Alumni S2 PS Ilmu Teknik Pertanian, Pasca Sarjana - IPB
17~23
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 RUNOFF ANALYSIS USING TANK MODEL FOR SEVERAL WATERSHEDS IN JAVA ISLAND, INDONESIA M. Yanuar J. Purwanto1 and Akira Goto2
Abstract In reservoir operation planning, river runoff as an input to reservoir is required. Problem appears when runoff data is not available, although the rainfall data is quite sufficient. In this paper, runoff analysis using tank model for nine watersheds and sub watersheds of Java Island were evaluated. Those watersheds are located in West Java (Warungpeti, Bojongloa and Leuwidaun sub watersheds of Cimanuk watersheds) and Central Java (Bodri, Elo, Jali, Bedegolan, Luk Ulo and Serayu watersheds). In the analysis, runoff characteristics in relation with tank model structure were considered. Analysis was focused on differences along the base flow characteristics in the tank model structure, mainly at the lowest tank’s parameter and vertical’s parameter values. The method consisted of two steps: firstly, to find a set of parameters of the tank model that appropriate for all watersheds and secondly, to modify the lowest tank parameter and vertical parameters. The result showed that three sets of modification parameter were concluded for among the nine watersheds and sub watersheds. These sets of parameter also gave promising result on total volume of annual runoff. This total annual runoff is important value in reservoir operation planning for irrigation water management and water resources management. Key words : Rainfall, runoff, tank model.
1 2
Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Japan
24~31
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 KARAKTERISTIK DAN ANALISIS EKSERGI PEMBEKUAN IKAN PATIN DAN AYAM BROILER Armansyah H. Tambunan1, Srimudiastuti Priyanto1, Anastasya Dyah Angraheni2 Abstrak Dua hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pemilihan metode pembekuan adalah karakteristik pembekuan, yang berkaitan erat dengan mutu bahan pangan hasil pembekuan, dan analisis energi, yang berkaitan dengan efisiensi penggunaan energi pembekuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik pembekuan lempeng sentuh ikan patin dan ayam broiler, serta besarnya konsumsi energi pada selama proses pembekuan melalui analisis eksergi. Karakteristik pembekuan dilakukan dengan mengkaji profil suhu dan laju pembekuan, sedangkan kajian energi dilakukan melalui analisis eksergi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pembekuan lempeng sentuh dapat dikategorikan sebagai rapid freezing, dengan nilai rata-rata laju pembekuan sebesar 6.9 cm/jam untuk ikan patin dan 4.8 cm/jam untuk ayam broiler. Intensitas energi pembekuan ikan patin dan ayam broiler, masing-masing adalah 358.0 kJ/kg dan 319.4 kJ/kg. Rata-rata kehilangan eksergi selama proses pembekuan ikan patin dan ayam broiler, masing-masing adalah 56.9 kJ/kg dan 51.5 kJ/kg, sehingga efisiensi eksergi (efisiensi hukum II termodinamika) masing-masing pembekuan tersebut adalah 40.4% dan 24.3%.
1 2
Staf Pengajar Jurusan TEP-FATETA-IPB Alumnus Jurusan TEP-FATETA-IPB
32~42
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003 MODEL OPTIMASI JADWAL KERJA PENGOLAHAN TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN PADI DENGAN METODE GENETIC ALGORITHMS Optimization Model for Work Scheduling of Tillage on Paddy Fields with Genetic Algorithms Method Arief RM Akbar1, Marimin2 dan Yandra2
Abstract This model has been developed to make a work scheduling of tillage on paddy fields. The method of optimization is Genetic algorithms with 10 populations and 18 gene at each chromosome. Suited parameters resulted from process of program running are crossover rate of 0,7 and mutation rate of 0,1. The result obtained that the optimal time of tillage is 100 hours and 25,8 minutes for 2,435 land which divided into 18 fields. Keywords: Time of tillage, genetic algorithms, scheduling.
1
Mahasiswa Pascasarjana Ilmu Keteknikan Pertanian IPB
43~49
Jurnal KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN, Vol.17, No.3, Desember 2003
PENGARUH BERBAGAI TINGKAT SUHU DAN KECEPATAN ALIRAN UDARA PENGERING TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENGERINGAN KUBIS The Effect of Different temperature and Flow rate Levels on Drying Characteristics of Cabbage Rizal Alamsyah1) , Putiati Mahdar2), dan Roslina Erdawati Hutagaol2) 1) Balai Besar Industri Agro (BBIA) Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 11 Bogor 16122 2 ) Jurusan Mekanisasi Pertanian, Fateta IPB Kampus Darmaga PO BOX 122, Bogor
Abstract Cabbage drying was required to preserve them from further deterioration especially in the peak season in Indonesia. This was conducted by doing a study related to drying characteristics of cabbage. The objectives of this study were to analyze drying characteristics, equilibrium moisture content models, and drying constant models of cabbage. The cabbage was submerged on Na2SO3 and NaHSO3 solution before drying. The blanched and fresh cabbage were dried under different drying temperature level of 45 oC, 50 oC, 55 oC, and 60 oC and drying air velocity of 0.5 m/second, 0.75 m/second, 1.0 m/second, and 1.25 m/second. The results showed that the initial moisture content of blanched cabbage were higher than the fresh cabbage. In general the decrease of moisture content showed similar form e.g. exponential curves for all dryng condition and during the drying time. The falling drying rate occurred fast when the start of the drying or when the moisture content of cabbage was relatively high. The value of equilibrium moisture content (Me) was valid for the rank of z (dry bulb temperature – wet bulb temperature) of between 13 oC and 25 oC. Meanwhile the value of drying constant (K) was valid for the rank of temperature between 318 oK up to 333 oK. The organoleptic test resulted that appearance of the dried cabbage with blanching showed better score than dried cabbage without blanching. Keywords: cabbage, cabbage drying, equilibrium moisture content of cabbage, drying constant of cabbage, drying characteristics.
50~59
