INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MIGRATION, HIJRAH AND UMMAH IN NUSANTARA AND BEYOND: PARADIGMS OF PEACE, CONTESTATION AND TRANSFORMATION

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MIGRATION, HIJRAH AND UMMAH IN NUSANTARA AND BEYOND: PARADIGMS OF PEACE, CONTESTATION AND TRANSFORMATION

Organized by: Master of International Relations (MIHI), UMY Malindo Nusantara Research Centre for Migration, Muslim Communities and Peace, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

in collaboration with Malaysia – Indonesia Research Centre for CSR and Leadership, (Malindo Research Centre) Centre for Policy Research and International Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia Center for Applied Ethics, Linkoping University, Sweden

2-3 August 2017 (Wednesday – Thursday) Amphitheater Conference Room, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Workshop Organization Patron

Advisers

Co-Steering Committee

Committee Members

: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gunawan Budiyanto (Rector of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, UMY) : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Surwandono (Head of Master of International Relations UMY) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Reevany Bustami (Centre for Policy Research International Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM Malaysia) : Dr. Ali Maksum (Secretary of Master of International Relations UMY) Dr. Ahmad Sahide (Quality Control, Master of International Relations UMY) Dr. Yani Hendrayani (Malindo CSR Jakarta and Universitas Pembangunan Nasional, Jakarta) : Mdm. Laila Hayati (Head of Administration Affairs Master of International Relations UMY) Mr. Tri Tejo (Master of International Relations UMY) Mr. Tholhah Ibnu Ma’ruf (Master of International Relations UMY)

Welcoming Message By the Rector of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Assalaamu’alaikum wr wb. On this very significant occasion, may I congratulate all the selected participants of the “International Workshop on Migration, Hijrah and Ummah in Nusantara and Beyond: Paradigms of Peace, Contestation and Transformation,” and welcome all of you to Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta “Advance and Islamic University.” Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is currently strive to move forward to be one of the leading universities in Indonesia with international recognition. International collaboration and networking are play a key role to build a world class higher education institution. Therefore, this international workshop is obviously important to boost the quality of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. On behalf of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta I would like to thank to Master of International Relations which has really hard worked on it. I really appreciated to all of the parties especially our partners from the Centre for Policy Research International Studies (CenPRIS, Universiti Sains Malaysia) as well as Malindo CSR Jakarta that have willingly collaborated to organize this event. USM and UMY have strong academic cooperation since the last ten years and I really hope through this workshop the collaborations between two institutions more fruitful. Finally, I personally and on behalf of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta honored to be the host of this prestigious international workshop. May I, again welcome all of you to Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta and have a pleasant stay in Jogjakarta! Wassalaamu’alaikum wr wb. Best wishes, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gunawan Budiyanto, M.P.

Welcoming Message By the Head of Master of International Relations Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Assalaamu’alaikum wr wb. On behalf of Master of International Relations, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, I would like to thank to the Rector for the support, acknowledgement, and encouragement to build international networking. This international workshop is one of the academic efforts to implement the academic milestone and vision of the university to be a leading university in Indonesia with international recognition. I also thank to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Reevany Bustami from the Centre for Policy Research International Studies (CenPRIS, Universiti Sains Malaysia) and also Dr. Yani Hendrayani from the Malindo CSR Jakarta for your willingness and kindness to implement and strengthen our academic collaborations that have been developed early of this year. I am honored to have a cooperation with you all and I hope this collaboration will be sustained with various academic ties in the future. I take this opportunity to appreciate to all of the committee members of this international workshop. Thank you, Dr. Ali Maksum, Dr. Ahmad Sahide, Mdm. Laila Hayati, Mr. Tri Tejo and Mr. Tholhah for this wonderful work. This is a good opportunity especially to the MIHI students to enlarge international academic experience and build international networking. Lastly, I would like to congratulate to all of the participants and wish you all the best in your academic career and happy seminar! Wassalaamu’alaikum wr wb. Best wishes, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Surwandono

Welcoming Message By the Co-Steering Committee Assalaamu’alaikum wr wb. First of all, I would like to thank to the Rector of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta as well as the head of Master of International Relations Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta for your support and kindness. Secondly, I take this opportunity to thank to all the participants for joining this international workshop. Without your participation and cooperation, this event will not come to be reality. Thirdly, I wish to express my deep appreciation and gratitude on behalf of MIHI UMY to the following organizations and individuals, without those sponsorship, full support, commitment and cooperation, this workshop would not have materialized. Firstly, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Reevany Bustami from the Centre for Policy Research International Studies (CenPRIS, Universiti Sains Malaysia) and Dr. Yani Hendrayani who have offered for the first time the idea of academic collaboration between the two institutions and Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Secondly, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Surwandono as the first person who has support and convince me to organize this cooperation. Thirdly, all of the committee members Dr. Ahmad Sahide, Mdm. Laila Hayati, Mr. Tri Tejo and Mr. Tholhah who have extremely became the most contributed people to the successful of this event. Finally, on behalf of the committee I thank you to those who have assisted and supported the committee whether directly of inherently. Your cooperation is highly appreciated. Wassalaamu’alaikum wr wb. Best wishes, Dr. Ali Maksum

Workshop Program International Workshop on Migration, Hijrah and Ummah in Nusantara and Beyond: Paradigms of Peace, Contestation and Transformation 2-3 August 2017 (Wednesday – Thursday) Amphitheater Conference Room, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Day 1 08.30 - 08.45 08.45 - 09.15

AUGUST 2, 2017 (DAY 1) Registration Welcoming Remarks Introduction

09.15 - 09.45

Keynote Speech: Rethingking Human Mobility: Migration, Hijrah, and Perantauan

09.45 - 10.00

10.00 - 10.20 DAY 1 10.20 - 11.50

Dr. Ali Maksum (Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia) and Dr. Yani Hendrayani (Malindo CSR Jakarta and Universitas Pembangunan Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia) Associate Prof. Dr. Reevany Bustami (Centre for Policy Research International Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia)

Q&A Moderator: Dr. Ahmad Sahide Token of Appreciation for Keynote Refreshments Parallel Session 1 Venue: Pasca Conference Room Panel Chair: Dr. Ali Maksum 1. Managing Migration: A Dr. Ellisha Nasruddin (School of Futures Approach Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia) 2. Bugis Migration in Dr. Ismail Wekke (Sekolah Tinggi Maluku: Integration, Agama Islam, Sorong, Indonesia) Conflict, and Development

3.

4.

11.50 - 12.35 12.35 - 2.00 DAY 1 14.00 – 15.30

15.30 – 16.15 16.20 18.00

The Ethics of Internal Immigration Control in Sweden – the REVA case Immigrant Crisis and Responses by State Actors in Southeast Europe

Assist Prof Dr. Elin Palm, (Center for Applied Ethics, Linköping University, Sweden) Prof. Dr. Mustafa Selcuk (Visiting Professor, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greek

Q&A and Discussion Lunch and Pray Session Parallel Session 2 Venue: Pasca Conference Room Panel Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Surwandono 1. Migration, Dr. Suyatno (Faculty of Law & Cosmopolitanism and International Relations, Universiti Islam in Eastern Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia); Indonesia: The case Dr. Mohd Afandi Salleh (Faculty of study of Bugis-Madura Law & International Relations, Migrant Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia); Dr. Ismail Wekke (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam, Indonesia) 2. Diaspora Orang Jawa Dr. Linda Sunarti (University of dan Kebudayaannya di Indonesia, Indonesia) Semenanjung Malaysia pada awal abad ke-20 3. Berbagai Problem Dr. Sidik Jatmika (Universitas Migrasi Masyarakat Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Kalimantan di Indonesia) Perbatasan IndonesiaMalaysia Q&A and Discussion – Adjournment Refreshments Welcome Dinner in Westlake Restaurant

Day 2 08.30 – 09.00 09.00 – 11.00 Free-flow refreshments

11.00 – 11.30 11.30-13.00 Day 2 09.00 – 11.00 Free-flow refreshments

August 3, 2017 Parallel Session 1: Venue: MIHI Conference Room Registration Panel Chair: Dr. Ali Maksum 1. South Korean Cultural Ajeng Puspa Marlinda Diplomacy and Its Impact on the Arts Development in Indonesia 2. The Role Of ASEAN in Anggun Dwi Panorama the South China Sea Conflict 3. Indonesian’s Annisa Rizky Puspita Dewi Corruption Law and International Norms 4. The Effectiveness of Azzam Indonesia’s Policy on Cyberspace Threat 2013-2016 5. Indonesian Desi Arisanti International Political Environmental in the Climate Change Summit in Paris 2015 6. International Migration Etik Siswati Ningrum of Female Workers in Indonesia 7. Timor Leste’s Migrant Paulino Saldanha Workers Abroad Q&A and Discussion Lunch and Pray Session August 3, 2017 Parallel Session 1: Venue: MIHI Class Room Panel Chair: Dr. Ahmad Sahide 1. Realization of Sister City Cooperation Sih Murwani Hayu Between Yogyakarta

11.00 – 11.30 11.30-13.00

Special Region, Indonesia and Shanghai, China 2. The Effectiveness of Cedaw Convention and the Gender Discrimination on Female Workers in Industrial Sector in Indonesia 3. Sister City Cooperation Between Surabaya, Indonesia and Kitakyushu, Japan in Waste Management 4. The Implementation of the Indonesian Law Number 8/2016 on Disabilities 5. Female Political Participation in the Parliament in Indonesia and Rwanda 6. Indonesia Ratifies the Law No. 1/2017 on Maritime Boundary Indonesia - Singapore 7. Konstelasi Politik Saudi-Iran Pasca Arab Spring di Timur Tengah (Isu Sekte, Power dan Citra Islam di Timur Tengah) Q&A and Discussion Lunch and Pray Session

Hesti Nauli

Irni Aprilia Dai

Nabila Wulandari M.A Malik

Nori Oktadewi

Sitti Nurtina

Mustahyyun Taggala

Day 2 13.00 – 15.00 Free-flow refreshments

FEBRUARY 26, 2015 Parallel Session 2: Venue: MIHI Class Room Panel Chair: Dr…… 1. Radikalisasi Gerakan Asman Abdullah JAT dan Pengaruh ISIS di Indonesia 2. Migration and Tri Astuti Susanthi Retnoningsih Horizontal Conflict in Indonesia 3. Peran WWF Dalam Azzomarayosra Wicaksono Konservasi Segitga Terumbu Karang di Indonesia Sebagai Upaya Dalam Respon Isu Lingkungan Global 4. The Analysis of Eka Fitriana Disabilities Rights in Employment in Indonesia In International View 5. The Obstacles of the RenandaYunasz Pratama Government of Brebes Regency to Attract Foreign Investment 6. ACT (Aksi Cepat Rr. Anggy Rosy Hudanita Tanggap / quick fast response) in Humanitarian Issues the Nepali Earthquake of 2015 7. Demokrasi: Sampean Ketegangan Identitas Dalam Pemaknaan Terhadap Simbol Pancasila Q&A and Discussion

Day 2 13.00 – 15.00 Free-flow refreshments

15.00 – 16.00

FEBRUARY 26, 2015 Parallel Session 2: Venue: MIHI Class Room Panel Chair: Dr…… Presenter 1 Presenter 2 Q&A and Discussion Certificates for Presenters and Participants Closing session

Dr. Ali Maksum

South Korean Cultural Diplomacy and Its Impact on the Arts Development in Indonesia Ajeng Puspa Marlinda Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract South Korea is a country that the popularity is creeping up. This is supported by the spread of its culture called “Korean Wave” which spread in various countries in the world. Korean Wave is the spread of South Korean pop culture globally. The spread covers the region of East Asia itself, heading to Southeast Asia, even penetrated into Europe, America, and Australia. Various forms of Korean Wave such as K-Pop (music and dance), film / television drama, food / culinary (hanshik), language and letters (hangul), fashion / style, traditional clothes (hanbok), cosmetic products, and even customs. Although many non-state actors are involved, but the South Korean government as a state actor is the main actor who runs the spread of this culture or is also called 'cultural diplomacy' in International Relations. Cultural diplomacy is a phenomenon that is emerging lately. Diplomacy can be said also as soft diplomacy. Before South Korea, many examples of other countries have been practicing. Namely India with its Bollywood, Japan with its J-Pop, telenovela by Latin America, and United States with Holywood and hip-hop. But in this paper, South Korea will be chosen as the subject of research. In particular, the analysis of South Korean aggressiveness in conducting cultural diplomacy certainly has contributing factors. Those factors will be explained one by one in the discussion of this thesis. Keywords: Aggressiveness Factors, Cultural Diplomacy, South Korea, Korean Wave, Soft Diplomacy

The Role of ASEAN in the South China Sea Conflict Anggun Dwi Panorama Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Email: [email protected]

Abstrak ASEAN is one of the regional organizations established to establish relations between countries and to mitigate conflicts in Southeast Asia. Until now the South China Sea conflict is still be a discussion in every ASEAN forum. The seizure of territory in the South China Sea by ASEAN member countries will lead to security instability. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the conflicts between countries in the South China Sea and the role of ASEAN in the South China Sea dispute, in which the actors in the South China Sea dispute are members of ASEAN so that the efforts of ASEAN as facilitator in South China Sea dispute can at least prevent conflict Become war.

Keywords: ASEAN, Conflict country, South China Sea

Indonesian’s Corruption Law and International Norms Annisa Rizky Puspita Dewi Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Corruption is a crime that is very harmful to the state seen from economic, political, cultural and educational side. Basically it is happening almost in developing countries, including Indonesia. In fact, it has been a problem for developed countries because it is usually done by state leaders. It is a problem that needs to be handled seriously because it has became a legal issue in every country. Corruption has developed no longer as a national issue but also an international one that every state in the world need to handle this problem. The transformation of corruption into the international issue made the United Nations passed a resolution on December 4th 2000 as an effort against corruption on an international level. This resolution established an ad hoc committee aimed to negotiation instruments against corruption in Vienna, at the headquarters of the United Nations International Office Office On Drug and Crime (UNODC). They then produced a United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) Script Convention that was negotiated for seven sessions by the Ad Hoc Committee held between January 21st 2002 and October 1st 2003, which then has been legalized as the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC). Indonesia as a country that has high-ranking corruption case has adopted UNCAC anti-corruption convention into a Constitution No 7 on 2006. Indonesia's policy in adopting this anticorruption conventions is analyzed based on constructivism theory and the theory of political system. Indonesia's decision to adopt anti-corruption conventions is basically influenced by social construction that encourages Indonesia to have the country's identity as an anti-corruption country. Keywords : Indonesia, adoption, UNCAC, constructivism, political system

The Effectiveness of Indonesia’s Policy on Cyberspace Threat 2013-2016 Azzam Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta In the era of globalization, technological advances develop very rapidly especially from information and communication technology. In the traditional era, information exchange takes a long time for a message to the recipient of the message. In the globalization era, ease of information exchange can be done with increasingly computer and smartphone technology. In all the ease that exists in the exchange of information emerged a new world that we often call the Cyberspace, in Cyberspace everyone in the world without any limit can interact with ease, exchange information, make purchases, even imaging and provocation at the same time by using computers, Smartphones that are connecefektiivted to social media or other media media that facilitate the process terebut. But the ease of getting in this Cyberspace can be a threat for anyone who is inside. In Indonesia there are many threats that come from Cyberspace that have a big impact on the real world, due to the limited human resources and the lack of effective policies in anticipating it. The problem that the researcher lifted in this research is the effectiveness of Indonesian policy to handle Cyberspace threat, why Indonesian policy in handling Cyberspace threat has not been effective yet. In 2013 the Indonesian government was still under the leadership of Susilo bambang Yudhoyono and in the following year switched to jokowi leadership which could be a comparison between the two periods of leadership, during which jokowi many cases occurred in Cyberspcae which posed a serious threat due to lack of anticipation And competent human resources to anticipate this.

Keywords: Cyberspace threat, Indonesian Policy,

Indonesian International Political Environmental in the Climate Change Summit in Paris 2015 Desi Arisanti Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta The issue of global warming has become a threat to the security of every human being, as the increasing amount of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) generated on earth and the causal factors are human activities that continuously use fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil earth. GHG emissions are not only caused by industrial sectors produced by developed countries, but developing countries are also contributing to GHG emissions. These emissions increase result from deforestation and forest degradation that has reached 20% of global GHG annual emissions. Indonesia accounts for 5% of the world's GHGs resulting from illegal processes of industrialization and illegal logging and clearing of plantation land by burning. Indonesia's vulnerability to the impacts of climate change resulting in disrupted and unsustainable economic growth is the driving force behind Indonesia's environmental diplomacy by utilizing point points on the Bali Action Plan at the 13th COP, the REDD + scheme being a reference in Indonesia's environmental policy towards environmental concerns Countries concerned with environmental degradation. Referring to the high-level climate convention in Paris in 2015 Indonesia is keen to ratify the Paris treaty because Indonesia's geographical condition as an archipelagic country poses a threat to the impacts of climate change as well as the challenge of changing the pattern of low-carbon development in accordance with the sustainable development goals of the Paris Treaty. Indonesia is committed to reducing emission gas by 2030 to 29% by own effort, and 41% with international assistance. If the Treaty of Paris has entered into force, then the trial in establishing the instrument of the Paris Treaty will be executed under the CMA, where only the party parties that have ratified the PA (Paris agreement) are entitled to participate in the hearing, so if Indonesia wants to safeguard the interests Then Indonesia must become part of the party that ratified the Treaty of Paris. Thus Indonesia can run a program of reducing gas emissions and forest degradation without sacrificing economic growth. Key word : International Environmental, Political Environmetal, Climate Change, Indonesian Politics

International Migration of Female Workers in Indonesia Etik Siswati Ningrum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Increased labor force and limited domestic employment, making the flow of labor migration abroad increased. Fueled by high demand for labor in developed countries and the availability of labor in developing countries is a factor that increases international migration activities. Indonesia is one of the countries in the region where the population migrates internationally as laborers each year. In addition, the instability of the labor market in Indonesia has also contributed to international migration. International migration as labor is dominated by female workers. Where the age range of the migrant worker is in the productive age. Such dominance leads to vulnerability of abuse in the employment sector. Generally, female workers from Indonesia (Female Workers / TKW) work in the field of Informal. Where the informal sector is primarily domestic is a work area that is prone to discrimination. The majority of women migrant workers from Indonesia are facing worrisome working conditions. Most cases related to working conditions in the recipient country are unpaid salaries, forced labor, irregular working hours, sexual harassment and physical violence. Keywords: International Migration, Female migrant workers, Indonesia, discrimination

Timor Leste’s Migrant Workers Abroad Paulino Saldanha Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Timor Leste is one of newest countries in the world. Timor Leste gains its independent on 20 May 2002. Timor Leste was as a new democratic country in Southeast Asia. In the post-independence, Timor Leste began conducted international relations with international communities, mainly with neighbor countries such as Indonesia and Australia. Many of areas and sectors to become those cooperation, especially labor cooperation was one of the Timor Leste’s foreign policy that has been set by the official government through ministry of foreign affairs, in order to completely Timor Leste’s independence and its sovereignty. It has been 15 years Timor Leste and EU especially North Ireland and United Kingdom of England established labor cooperation between those countries. The domestic constitutions of EU considered gave good services and protection for Timorese workers rights during working in these countries, there were no distinguish rights between immigrant workers from local and overseas likely Tunisia, Poland, Kazakhstan and any others country. Timorese workers felt comfortable with the minimum salary of payment, they working about 8 hours per day, and not include overtime yet. And it was worth for Timorese workers to sustain daily necessaries in EU and even in Timor Leste. So that, Timor Leste’s foreign policy has given biggest advantageous for Timorese abroad workers to develop their own life and also a great contribution for Timor Leste’s government to reduce unemployment in the country. Keywords: Timor Leste, immigrant workers, Bilateral, Cooperation.

Realization of Sister City Cooperation Between Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia and Shanghai, China Sih Murwani Hayu Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta This research will discuss the realization of Sister City cooperation between the province governments. DI.Yogyakarta Province with Shanghai. By explaining the beginning of Sister City cooperation between the DI.Yogyakarta Province government and Shanghai happened by telling the chronology of the incident, on 13 October 2013, a visit from Shanghai to DI.Yogyakarta Province to sign Letter of Intent (LoI), on 6 August 2014 the signing of Agreement of Friendship Cooperation (AoFC), on 12 April 2016 challenging Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). After the arrival of the MoU, the Sister City of DI.Yogyakarta Province with Shanghai has been inagurated and started to be implemented. Sister City is a collaboration that is established by the two cities that have equal position administrative. In this case, the cooperation of Sister City of DI.Yogyakarta Province with Shanghai is done because of the first one of equal status in administrative position, the second is the law that regulate the international cooperation, the three of the same purpose between DI.Yogyakarta Province and Shanghai covering some areas of cooperation: Business trade, culture, tourism, technology, infrastructure, environmental conservation. Keyword: Sister City, Letter of Intent, Memorandum of Understanding, DI.Yogyakarta, Shanghai

The Effectiveness of Cedaw Convention and the Gender Discrimination on Female Workers in Industrial Sector in Indonesia Hesti Nauli Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta The emergence of the Cedaw convention is expected to help overcome the global problems of gender inequality. But the effectiveness of the Cedaw convention is still being .addresed as many of the unresolved issues such as women wages in the labor sector are not yet equal. There’s several factors influencing that inequality, include marginalization to women, on public or domestic domain. Woman subordination in social or cultural aspect also affects discrimination. Labeling (stereotyping) to women and lower education level also affect woman work participation. As a consequence, many women choose work activity at informal environment with very low wages and without health, law, and financial security. Keyword : Konvensi cedaw, diskriminasi, perempuan, gender.

Sister City Cooperation Between Surabaya, Indonesia and Kitakyushu, Japan in Waste Management Irni Aprilia Dai Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Dengan adanya kerjasama internasional pada level local goverment, pemerintah daerah berbondong-bondong melakukan kerjasama sister city guna memaksimalkan potensi di daerahnya dan guna menyelesaikan permasalahn yang ada pada daerah tersebut.seperti kerjasama yang terjalinan atara Surabaya dan Kitakyushu. Surabaya melakukan kerjasama green sister city dengan Kitakyushu yang mana kerjasama tersebu tdifokuskan pada kerjasama lingkungan. Salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yang dihadapi oleh Surabaya ialah pengelolahan sampah. Dengan adanya kerjasama lingkungan yang dijalin antara Surabaya dan Kitakyushu, Surabaya mendapatkan bantuan dalam teknologi maupun tenaga ahli dari Jepang untuk mengatasi permasalahan limbah sampah. Kerjasama antara Surabaya dan Kitakyushu merupakan kerjasama bantuan yang dilakukan oleh JICA yang diberikan oleh Surabaya melalui Kitakyushu dan perusahaan pengelolahan sampah Nishihara. Kerjasama pengelolahan sampah ini bertujua nuntuk mewujudkan dan mengembangkan less-carbon city di dunia Keyword: Sister City, Surabaya, Kitayushu, Waste Management.

The Implementation of the Indonesian Law Number 8/2016 on Disabilities Nabila Wulandari M.A Malik Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Disability is a global phenomenon that has been challenging countries over the world, including Indonesia. The common problem faced by disabilities in Indonesia such as demand of fulfillment on human rights, selfesteem, stigmatization, discriminatory treatment, and limited participation in daily activities. Indonesia has been ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities through Law Number 9/2011. It shows that Indonesia has commit to promote the rights of disability persons. In 2016, Indonesian government passed the Law Number 8/2016 on Persons with Disabilities as a progress step in order to uphold the rights of disability persons. However, these law got a positive and negative respons. The paper aims to analyze the Indonesian policy on giving and fulfilling the rights on persons with disabilities and to know the effectiveness of the implementation of Law Number 8/2016 on Persons with Disabilities. The research method on this paper are using ontology, epistemology, and methodology added library research and internet. In this paper, the author argue that Indonesia is making the Law Number 8/2016 on Persons with Disabilities because influenced by international norms on the rights of disability, thereby encouraging Indonesian identity as a country that recognize and promotes the rights of disability, in which this identity benefits the interests of Indonesia in obtaining foreign aid in disability program. Key words: Disabilities, Disabilities Problems, Indonesia Law Number 8/2016

Female Political Participation in the Parliament in Indonesia and Rwanda Nori Oktadewi Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Gender inequality in the public life is a global maturity that continues to be faced by the world community of the 21st century, althought there have been women's political rights conventions made in 1953. But it was upheld in Beijing with the Beijing platform declaration in 1995. Rwanda is a country that has successfully implemented policies on gender equality, but Indonesia the still 80th of 159 countries. In Rwanda women's representation in parliament in 2003 amounted to 48.75% and increased in 2008, women's participation in parliament in Rwanda reached 56.25%. While in Indonesia from the New Order era until the 2014 election the participation of women in parliament in Indonesia is not more than 18%. The purpose of this research is to looking for factors what makes the representation of women in parliament in Indonesia low while Rwanda high. This research is a qualitative description, Which will illustrate the general picture of what factors / variables that affect the low representation of women in parliament in Indonesia low while in Rwanda high. This study presents data from several books, articles, journals, lecturer's writings, websites and newspapers related to this issue. Data analysis using content analysis. The result of this research is the difference of election system, party system, social economy, Actors, and other side of Indonesia Still influenced by the patriarchal culture whereas Rwanda no longer distinguishes minorities and the majority after the Genocide conflict. Keyword : Beijing platform, gender, parliament, minority

Indonesia Ratifies the Law No. 1/2017 on Maritime Boundary Indonesia – Singapore Sitti Nurtina Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta This paper is a study of Indonesia Policy ratify Law no 1 year 2017 about maritime boundary of Indonesia - Singapore with focus of discussion is about analysis of background of Indonesia ratify Law No 1 Year 2017 and describe Indonesian policy orientation in Law no. 1 of 2017 on the Singapore Sea Limit of Indonesia Singapore. In this paper will be explained and analyzed the two focus of the discussion is seen from the strategic position of the territorial boundaries / waters of Indonesia with the border issue of Indonesia region as a source of dispute. Whether the policy of ratifying the Law can maintain or enhance Indonesia's position in International Relations and most importantly its effect on international peace and security especially with Singapore.This study use a descriptive qualitative design. This study use questionnaire, library research, and interview as the instrument in collecting data. To make clear understanding, the data will be analyze by using method from Miles and Huberman (1984), data reduction, the data display, and verification. Keywords: Policy, Ratification, Law.

Konstelasi Politik Saudi-Iran Pasca Arab Spring di Timur Tengah (Isu Sekte, Power dan Citra Islam di Timur Tengah) Mustahyyun Taggala Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta Konflik Suriah berawal dari peristiwa Arab Spring. Tuntutan rakyat untuk menurunkan rezim Bashar di sebut Oposisi dan Pro-Bashar bagi yang mempertahankan rezimnya. Lahir dua kubu ini sebagai celah memperuncing konflik Suriah. Isu sekterianisme kian merebak hingga memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap konstalasi politik antara Saudi dan Iran. Keterlibatan Iran membuat Saudi merasakan ancaman munculnya kekuatan ekonomi-politk Bashar al-Assad di Timur Tengah beraliran syiah. MakaArab Saudi tidak henti-hentinya mengancam presiden Bashar al-Assad untuk turun dari tahtanya. Sedangkan Iran ikut terlibat aktif karena kepentingan jangka panjang, berkuasanya Bashar memudahkan Iran untuk mengembangkan kerjasama di bidang nuklir, ekonomi, minyak dan gas. Termasuk Suriah sebagai jalur bantuan untuk pasukan Hizbullah di Lebanon. Secara geo-sekte-politik muncul istilah bulan sabit syiah, mulai dari wilayah Iran membentang hingga laut Meditarinia. Saudi memperkuat militer, senjata, dan bantuan finansial kepada oposisi di Suriah. Membangun jaringan Aliansi Militer Islam dengan melakukan kerjasama dengan negara-negara Islam di dunia. Mengajak para anggota GCC atau negara teluk untuk menghentikan kerjasama dengan Iran. Saudi juga menggunakan organisasi Liga Arab dalam menekan Suriah, meskipun Suriah anggota Liga Arab. Intervensi Liga Arab agar kasus Suriah menjadi kasus Internasionalisasi. Alasan utama Saudi karena kemanusiaan sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan mengalahkan penghormatan kepada kedaulatan negara sebagai acuan piagam Liga Arab, yaitu penghormatan kedaulatan masing-masing negara, perinsip non-intervensi dan hubungan sebatas kerjasama. Pada prinsipnya Iran mempertahankan posisi Bashar, sedangkan Saudi tidak ada jalan lain kecuali Bashar melepas jabatan presidennya. Kesamaan Iran-Suriah terletak pada pemimpin dengan garis Ideologi ke-Syiaan alawit. Sedangkan Saudi-Suriah terletak pada kesamaan masyarakat mayoritas Sunni. Keterlibatan Saudi-Iran pada konflik Suriah menjadi bukti bahwa ada upayaperebutan citrakekuatan ekonomi, politik dan Islam di Timur Tengah.Akibatnya, sumbu api kecil konflikdi setiap negara Timur Tengah akan mudah membesar ketika Saudi-Iran menjadi aktor utama. Kata kunci: Konflik Suriah, Oposisi-Pro rezim, Kepentingan Saudi-Iran, GeoSekte-Politik.

Radikalisasi Gerakan JAT dan pengaruh ISIS di Indonesia Asman Abdullah Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Email: [email protected] Abstrak Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang menyorot gerakan Jamaah Anshorut Tauhid. Gerakan JAT merupakan gerakan jihad dengan tujuan memperjuangkan Syariat Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana JAT terbentuk, apa saja yang menjadi agenda gerakannya, dan nilai-nilai yang menjadi dasar perjuangannya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga akan melihat bagaimana hubungan JAT diantara gerakan jihad lainnya. Lintas jaringan ini membentuk kesamaan ideologis dan agenda taktis gerakan dalam menyikapi isu-isu umat Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dekskriptik kualitatif yang bersentuhan langsung dengan obyek yang diteliti. Memberikan gambaran utuh fenomena gerakan radikal Islam JAT yang bermotif agama. Memahami proses dinamika dan tujuan dari perubahan sosial yang hendak mereka wujudkan. Perubahan radikal yang mereka harapkan bertentangan dengan rezim di Indonesia. Tindakan refresif pemerintah mengiringi setiap langkah para jihadis JAT. Bahkan kerapkali kekerasan brutal aparat dilakukan untuk memberikan efek jera. Tetapi tindakan seperti ini hanya menimbulkan sikap heroismejihadis dan semakin meneguhkan keyakinan mereka. Dua hal yang patut disorot dari gerakan JAT pertama, keterlibatan JAT dalam pelatihan militer Aceh tahun 2010. Pelatihan militer ini melibatkan lintas tanzhim jihad di Indonesia. Alumni dari pelatihan ini kelak membentuk jaringan radikal baru yang berafiliasi dengan ISIS. Kedua, pengaruh ISIS di Indonesia melahirkan perpecahan bagi JAT. Bagi jihadi JAT yang mendukung ISIS tetap bertahan dibawah pimpinan Abu Bakar Ba’asyir dan Aman Abdurrahman sedangkan yang menolak bergabung dengan ISIS harus keluar dari tanzhim. Mereka yang keluar dari JAT membentuk jamaah baru dengan nama Jamaah Anshorut Syariah (JAS) dibawah pimpinan Muhammad Achwan.

Kata Kunci: JAT, Tanzhim Jihad, Gerakan Jihad, Radikal Islam, ISIS

Migration and Horizontal Conflict In Indonesia

Tri Astuti Susanthi Retnoningsih Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Email: [email protected]

Abstract This research was conducted to evaluate government regulation through content analysis technique on Act No. 7 The year 2012. It was figured out that people have become the most dominant actors in social conflict through existing official governmental bureaus. However, major activities were devoted mainly to post-conflict recovery. It was noticed that there are limited efforts to preventive action thereof the potency of social conflict in Indonesia became vulnerable to occur. This act was issued due to the need for settlement of social conflicts in local districts or province which were emerged as a result of transmigration program. Keywords: content analysis technique, regulation, social conflict, post-conflict recovery, transmigration

Peran WWF Dalam Konservasi Segitga Terumbu Karang di Indonesia Sebagai Upaya Dalam Respon Isu Lingkungan Global Azzomarayosra Wicaksono Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Abstrak Penulisan ini merupakan kajian Ilmu Hubungan Internasional yaitu isu lingkungan global.Permasalahan lingkungan global merupakan isu yang sensitif bagi masyarakat internasional.World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) sebagai Non-Governmnent Oganization internasional melalukan kerjasama dengan Pemerintah Indonesia untuk menekan dan mencegah laju kerusakan Segitiga Terumbu Karang, program-program kerjasama internasional yang dilakukan antara WWF dan Pemerintah Indonesia antara lain untuk menjaga keanekaragaman hayati yang ada di segitiga terumbu karang dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam laut secara berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat pesisir di kawasan segitiga terumbu karang. Kata kunci: World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Segitiga Terumbu Karang, Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI) Kerjasama Internasional, Global Civil Society

The Analysis of Disabilities Rights in Employment in Indonesia In International View Eka Fitriana Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Email: [email protected]

Abstract This research is motivated by the lack of government attention to the disability especially in developing countries, in the field of employment right. This phenomenon is still difficult to overcome by developing countries because of the limitations of technology it has, especially for people with disabilities. In this article will also analyze how the laws and rights of disability, especially in the field of employment rights in Indonesia. Where is the lack of companies that employ the disable especially in the government that only about 1% of disable employed in the government sector. The government should be more open minded against the disable, because they must also get the same rights in getting a job. In this research use content analysis method to analyze how the law of disability applied in Indonesia. Is the law of disability in Indonesia still classified as disability discriminatory in accordance with international framework. Therefore, this research can then become a reference material and benchmark for the Indonesian government in the making of legislation for persons with disabilities, especially in the right of employment with a view to the international perspective on justice for persons with disabilities. Then this research can Improve the government in improving technology and as well as change the view for developing countries to better see the ability for the disabled and member of justice and treat as well as the other workers. Keywords: disability, employment, analysis content, developing countries, international view

The Obstacles of the Government of Brebes Regency to Attract Foreign Investment RenandaYunaszPratama UniversitasMuhammadiyah Yogyakarta Email: [email protected]

Abstract This article will discuss about the factors of the obstacles of the government of Brebes Regency to attract foreign investment. In the discussion, this article uses the theory of Regional Autonomy, Foreign Ivestment, Public Policy and the concept of good governance. Background of writing this article is based on framework of development, one of the important things for achieving quality development is investment. There is no economic growth without investment. Why is investment so important for development ?. Because of the investment can be seen the effect on growth by encouraging the level of output and employment, and its effect on capital formation in the long run will increase the potential output and maintain growth. Noting the fact, since 2012 the government of Brebes Regency has been increasingly focused on developing its region by inviting investors to invest their capital that aims to improve the economy and welfare.Then how is the reality of investment in this era of regional autonomy, especially in Brebes?. Key words:The Government of Brebes Regency, Regional Autonomy, Foreign Investment

ACT (Aksi Cepat Tanggap / quick fast response) in Humanitarian Issues the Nepali Earthquake of 2015 Rr. Anggy Rosy Hudanita Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Abstract ACT (AksiCepatTanggap / quick response action) is a professional non-profit organization focusing on humanitarian work on disaster management from the emergency phase to the post-disaster recovery phase.As an organization engaged in humanity, ACT Indonesia is not only moving in the country but ACT is also moving up to the international sphere.On Saturday, April 25th, an earthquake of magnitude 7.9 SR in Nepal and the vibrations felt to India, China and Bangladesh. The epicenter of the quake near Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal and the city of Pokhara, the number of kroban killed to 2,263, and wounded 5,900 people. Responding to that, on 28 April two days after the earthquake in Nepal ACT immediately sent relief team to Nepal. "The first team, two people, to deliver emergency relief medicines, food and clothing. In addition ACT educates the Indonesian people to show care, pray and extend concrete help as many humanities around the world help us in the tsunami. As a humanitarian organization the role of ACT in responding to the earthquake disaster in Nepal is very fast. The purpose of this study is to find out why ACT has succeeded in taking the role of the Indonesian government in channeling humanitarian aid internationally. Keywords: ACT (quick fast response) humanitarian assistance, natural disaster, earthquake

Demokrasi: Ketegangan Identitas Dalam Pemaknaan Terhadap Simbol Pancasila Sampean Program Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor Abstrak Tesis utama dari artikel ini, Indonesia sebagai ladang pertempuran identitas. Pergulatan identitas ditemui pada arena demokrasi yang melibatkan pemaknaan simbol Pancasila. Kajian ini memfokuskan pada reaktualisasi Pancasila dalam kehidupan berdemokrasi pasca pemilihan presiden tahun 2014 terutama pada pemilihan gubernur DKI Jakarta tahun 2017. Metode yang digunakan pada penulisan artikel ini menggunakan penelusuran literatur dan penelusuran literatur, hasil penelitian, dan berita baik di media sosial maupun cetak yang relevan dengan ketegangan identitas dalam pemaknaan Pancasila dalam berdemokrasi. Diskursus Pancasila melibatkan klaim aktor paling pancasilais antara kubu nasionalis dan kubu religius [Islam]. Klaim ini dipengaruhi oleh pemaknaan dan stock knowledge yang dimiliki para aktoraktornya. Realitas ini digambarkan dengan menggunakan teori Interaksionisme Simbolik struktural dalam pertempuran identitas dan relevansinya terhadap pemaknaan dan penanaman nilai-nilai Pancasila pada warga masyarakat Indonesia sebagai representasi pancasilais dan islam sebagai tandingan [counter] ideologi. Kata Kunci: Identitas, Interaksionisme Simbolik Struktural, Pancasila, dan Demokrasi.