02 Modul ke:
Fakultas
FASILKOM Program Studi
Sistem Informasi
ESSENTIALS OF ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS Pengertian, ERP system, ECS
Inge Handriani, M.MSI., M.Ak
Pengertian • Enterprise systems atau sering juga disebut Enterprisewide systems adalah sistem atau pemrosesan yang melibatkan seluruh perusahaan atau departemendepartemennya. Hal ini sangatlah bertolak belakang dengan sistem fungsional yang terdiri dari masingmasing departemen.
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Contoh Dalam Organisasi; • • •
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Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) yang didukung oleh internal supply chain. Extended ERP, yang didukung oleh business partners dengan baik, saat ini banyak system ERP yang menjadi Extended. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) yang menyediakan elayaan terhadap pelanggan. Partner Relationship Management (PRM), yang dirancang untuk menyediakan pelayanan terhadap partner bisnis. Business Proses Management (BPM), yang terlibat dalam memahami dan menyelaraskan pemrosesan dalam organisasi termasuk rekayasa ulang dan pengelolaan arus aktivitas dan tugasnya. Poduct Life Cycle Management (PLM), yang terlibat secara konseptual, rancangan, pembangunan, dan mendukung produk dan jasa. Manajemen PLM juga mencoba mengurangi siklus waktu, mengefektifkan biaya produksi dan mendapatkan lebih banyak pemasaran produk di pasaran.
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Cont’ • Decision Support Systems (DSSs), yang tujuannya untuk menunjang pembuatan keputusan seluruh perusahaan, dansering kali membantu gudang data. Kategori ini termasuk executive information systems. • Knowledge Management (KM) systems, yang memiliki sasaran untuk menunjang penciptaan pengetahuan, penyimpanan, pemeliharaan, dan distribusi melalui seluruh perusahaan. • Intelligent Systems (IS), termasuk komponen pengetahuan seperti expert system atau neural network. • Business Intelligence (BI), merupakan analisis keputusan berdasarkan komputer yang sering dilakukan secara online oleh para manajer dan staf. Termasuk peramalan, alternatif analisis dan evaluasi resiko dan kinerja.
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ERP Sytems • ERP adalah suatu software yang mengintegrasikan perencanaan, manajemen, dan digunalan oleh seluruh sumber dalam seluruh perusahaan. • Sasaran utamanya mengintegrasikan seluruh departemen dan fungsional informasi melintasi perusahaan kedalam satu sistem komputer yang dapat melayani seluruh kebutuhan perusahaan. ERP-Inge Handriani
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Kemampuan ERP • Mengkombinasikan logistik pada unit-unit bisnis dengan fasilitas yang ada. • Mengkombinasikan pusat distribusi dan mengurangi muatan (LTLs) dalam pemenuhan pesanan truk, menurunkan jalur pengantara, dan menghilangkan fasilitas yang tidak diperlukan. • Sumber daya produk yang dinamik dari produksi yang berbeda dan fasilitas distribusi berdasarkan inventory dan kapasitasnya. • Membagi pelayanan untuk produksi. • Global order management, menunjukkan tampilan tunggal pada pelanggan menyeluruh melalui jalur bisnis.
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Cont’ • Mengkonsolidasi negara berdasarkan penjualan, pemasaran, dan distribusi operasi dalam area geografi seperti eropa yang memiliki kepadatan tinggi dan runtuhnya rintangan(barriers) terhadap perdagangan. • Mengkordinasikan pengadaan dari kunci komoditas antar unit bisnis dan geografis. • Menciptakan portal dengna supllier untuk mengkonsolidasikan kebutuhan masing-masing unit bisnis dan menyediakan cara untuk memperdalam hubungan dengan supplier.
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Enterprise Business Systems • E-business means using the Internet, other networks, and IT to support – Electronic commerce
– Enterprise communications and collaboration – Web-enabled business processes
• E-commerce is the buying, selling, and marketing of products, services, and information over the Internet and other networks ERP-Inge Handriani
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Cross-Functional Systems • Cross the boundaries of traditional business functions – Used to reengineer and improve vital business processes all across the enterprise
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Enterprise Application Architecture
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Enterprise Application Integration • EAI software connects cross-functional systems • Serves as middleware to provide – Data conversion – Communication between systems – Access to system interfaces
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How EAI Works
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Transaction Processing Systems • Cross-functional information systems that process data resulting from the occurrence of business transactions – Transactions include sales, purchases, deposits, withdrawals, refunds, and payments – Online transaction processing (OLTP) is a realtime system that captures transactions immediately ERP-Inge Handriani
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Transaction Processing Systems
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The Transaction Processing Cycle
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Enterprise Collaboration Systems (ECS) • EC systems are cross-functional information systems that enhance team and workgroup – Communication – Coordination – Collaboration • Systems may include – Networked PC workstations – Servers – Databases – Groupware and application packages ERP-Inge Handriani
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ECS Tools
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Major Objective of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP)
The major objective of ERP systems: integrate the functional areas of the organization by enabling seamless information flows across them. ERP-Inge Handriani
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Problems with information silos
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ERP Systems (continued) A business process is a set of related steps or procedures designed to produce a specific outcome.
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Core ERP Modules
ERP II SYSTEM
Manufacturing
Accounting and Financial Module
& Production Module
Human Resources Module
Suppliers
Customers Supply Chain Management Module
ERP
Customer Relationship Management Module
Platform & Database
Business Intelligence Module
E-Business Module
Extended ERP Modules ERP-Inge Handriani
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The Need for CRM
• It costs six times more to sell to a new customer than to sell to an existing one. • A typical dissatisfied customer will tell 810 people. • By increasing the customer retention rate by 5%, profits could increase by 85%. • Odds of selling to new customers = 15%, compared to the odds of selling to existing customers (50%) • 70% of complaining customers will remain loyal if their problem is solved ERP-Inge Handriani
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Customer Touch Points Web
Computer Physical Store
Smart Phone
Customer Service
Service Center
CUSTOMER
Email ERP-Inge Handriani
Sales Representative Field Service Technician
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360-Degree View of Customers
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Data Consolidation Accounting
POM
Finance
HR Customer
Marketing
MIS
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Business Intelligence (BI) Two types of BI Systems: – Those that provide data analysis tools • Multidimensional data analysis (or online analytical processing) • Data mining • Decision support systems
– Those that provide information in structured format • Digital dashboards
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How Business Intelligence Works
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Reengineering Business Processes • Business Process Reengineering (BPR) or Reengineering is a fundamental rethingking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in cost, quality, speed, and service. • BPR combine a strategy of promoting business innovation with a strategy of making major improvements to business processes so that a company can become a much stronger and more succesful competitor in the marketplace.
• Although the potential payback of reengineering is high, so too is its risk of failure and level of disruption to the organizational environment. ERP-Inge Handriani
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Reengineering Order Management • IT that supports this process… – CRM systems using intranets and the Internet – Supplier-managed inventory systems using the Internet and extranets – Cross-functional ERP software to integrate manufacturing, distribution, finance, and human resource processes – Customer-accessible e-commerce websites for order entry, status checking, payment, and service – Customer, product, and order status databases accessed via intranets and extranets
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Terima Kasih Inge Handriani, M.MSI., M.Ak
