PERANCANGAN BALL MILL KAPASITAS 200 mg
TUGAS AKHIR DIAJUKAN KEPADA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG SEBAGAI SYARAT UNTUK MEMPEROLEH GELAR SARJANA TEKNIK MESIN STRATA SATU (S1)
DISUSUN OLEH :
RIDHO ABDURACHMAN NIM: 201110120311135
JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2016
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ABSTRAK Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatakan rancangan ball mill yang sesuai dengan perhitungan untuk mendapatakan dimensi komponen ball mill. Perancangan ball mill ini di mulai dari menentukan volume tabung ball mill, dari penentuan volume tabung tersebut maka dapat di ketahui ukuran tabung ball mill tersebut. Menentukan dimensi tabung ball mill yang sudah di rencanakan. Penyesuaian alat/matrial untuk tabung ball mill kapasitas 200 mg. Setelah mengetahui kapasitas dan volume ball mill maka langkah selanjutnya pemilihan motor penggerak ini harus sesuai dengan putaran yang di butuhkan oleh ball mill. Hasil perancangan menghasilkan ball mill dengan spesifikasi ukuran diameter tabung 100mm dan tinggi keseluruhan tabung 250mm. Kapasitas tabung ball mill yang di rancang 200mg, dengan bahan yang di proses lithium dengan massa jenis 0,534g/ , untuk jumlah bola baja 4 bola berdiameter 42mm karena menggunakan putaran motor awal 900rpm kemudian di reduksi oleh pully 1 diameter 70mm dan pully 2 diameter 140mm maka bola baja mampu menggerus matrial dengan halus . Kata kunci: serbuk logam, ballmill, kecepatan putar drum, bola penumbuk
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ABSTRACT This design aims to get a ball mill design in accordance with the calculation for get it dimension of the components of a ball mill tool that has been planned. In design ball mill was started from determining the volume of the tube ball mil, from the determination of the volume of the tube is then able to know the size of the tube ball mill. Determine the dimensions of the tube ball mill that is already planned. Adjustment tool / matrial for tube ball mill capacity of 200 mg. after knowing the capacity and volume of the ball mill motor electric nex step should be in accordance with the rotation is needed by a ball mill. The result of design resulted in a ball mill with a tube diameters size spesifications 100 mm and overall height 250 mmtube. Tube capacity ball mill that is design 200 mg, with materials in the lithium with a density of 0,534g / cm³, for a number of steel balls 4 ball diameters 42 mm because it uses the initial motor rotation 900 rpm later in the reduction by one pulley diameters 70 mm and 140 mm diameters pully 2 then able to grind steel balls with smooth material. Keyword : metal powders, ballmill, drum rotational speed, grimdimg balls
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DAFTAR ISI LEMBAR JUDUL ............................................................................................. i POSTER ............................................................................................................. ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .............................................................................. iii LEMBAR KONSULTASI ................................................................................ iv SURAT PERNYATAAN TIDAK PLAGIAT ................................................. vi ABSTRAK INDONESIA .................................................................................. vii ABSTRAK INGGRIS ....................................................................................... viii KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................... ix DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... x DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. xii DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................... xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 2 1.3 Tujuan .................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Manfaat ................................................................................................ 2 1.5 Batasan Masalah ................................................................................... 3 1.6 Sistemmatika Penulisan …………………………………………… ... 3 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Pengertian Ball Mill .............................................................................. 5 2.2 Kegunaan dan Fungsi Mesin Ball MIll ................................................. 6 2.3 Klasifikasi Mesin Ball Mill................................................................... 6 2.4 Macam Macam Mesin Ball Mill ........................................................... 8 2.4.1 Primary Crusher .......................................................................... 8 2.4.2 Secondary Crusher ...................................................................... 10 2.4.3 Tertiary Crusher .......................................................................... 11 2.5 Prinsip Kerja Mesin Ball Mill ............................................................... 11 2.6 Type Alat Penggerus ............................................................................. 14 2.6.1 Ball Mill ....................................................................................... 14 2.6.2 Rod Mill........................................................................................ 15 2.7 Komponen Ball Mill ............................................................................. 17 2.7.1 Bagian-Bagian Komponen Ball Mill ............................................ 19 2.7.2 Komponen Pemecah Batu ............................................................ 21 2.7.3 V-Belt dan Pully ........................................................................... 22 2.7.4 Poros V-Belt dan Pully ................................................................. 24 2.8 DImensi Mill dan Variabel Oprasi Ball Mill ........................................ 25 2.8.1 Tipe Mill ....................................................................................... 26 2.8.2 Power Draft................................................................................... 26
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2.8.3 Power Grinding............................................................................. 27 BAB III METODE PERANCANGAN 3.1 Tahap Perancangan ............................................................................... 28 3.1.1 Menentukan Kapasitas Tabung Ball Mill .................................... 28 3.1.2 Menentukan Dimensi Alat ........................................................... 28 3.1.3 Pemilihan Motor Penggerak ........................................................ 28 3.1.4 Pemilihan Material ...................................................................... 29 3.2 Diagram Fishbone ................................................................................. 32 3.3 Perancangan Alat .................................................................................. 33 BAB IV PERHITUNGAN 4.1 Data Perencanaan ............................................................................... 32 4.2 Kapasitas Tabung Ball Mill ................................................................ 32 4.3 Menentukan Bola Baja ....................................................................... 34 4.4 Volume Tabung Ball Mill................................................................... 35 4.5 Putaran Pulley Pada Motor ................................................................. 36 4.6 Perhitungan Komponen Ball Mill....................................................... 37 4.7 Daya Yang Dibutuhkan Motor ........................................................... 41 4.8 Menentukan V-belt ............................................................................. 42 4.9 Perhitungan Bantalan (bearing) .......................................................... 45 4.10 Perhitungan Pasak .............................................................................. 47 4.11 Komponen Kerangka Ball Mill .......................................................... 50 BAB V PENUTUP 5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 53 5.2 Saran .................................................................................................... 54 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 55 LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 4.1 Hasil Perhitungan Putaran Yang Terjadi Pada Komponen Mesin ..... 37 Tabel 4.2 Pemilihan Motor Yang Direncanakan................................................ 38 Tabel 4.3 Pemilihan Poros ................................................................................. 39 Tabel 4.4 Pemilihan V-Belt Standart ................................................................. 42 Tabel 4.5 Pemilihan Bantalan ............................................................................ 45 Tabel 4.6 Ukuran Pasak Standart ....................................................................... 47 Tabel 4.7 Bahan Pasak Standart JIS ................................................................... 48 Tabel 4.8 Pemilihan Plat Dengan Profil Kotak .................................................. 51
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Bola Penghancur Didalam Vial ........................................................ 5 Gambar 2.2 Proses Penumbukan Material ......................................................... 12 Gambar 2.3 Tabung Ball Mill Berbentuk Horizontal ........................................ 12 Gambar 2.4 Type Alat Penggerus ...................................................................... 14 Gambar 2.5 Skematika Road Mill, Overflow Mill ............................................ 15 Gambar 2.6 Skematika Road Mill...................................................................... 15 Gambar 2.7 Skematika Road Mill, End Peripheral Discharge Mill ................... 16 Gambar 2.8 Material Dan Bola Penghancur Didalam Vial Lingkaran .............. 18 Gambar 2.9 Sistem Ruang Udara Pada Ball Mill .............................................. 19 Gambar 2.10 Sistem Grinding Pada Ball Mill ................................................... 19 Gambar 2.11 Silinder Tabung ............................................................................ 20 Gambar 2.12 Serat V-Belt .................................................................................. 21 Gambar 2.13 Pulley............................................................................................ 22 Gambar 2.14 Reduksi V-Belt Sederhana ........................................................... 23 Gambar 2.15 Alat Dan Komponen Mesin Ball Mill .......................................... 24 Gambar 2.16 Kurva Hubungan Charge Factor .................................................. 27 Gambar 4.1 Dimensi Tabung Ball Mill.............................................................. 32 Gambar 4.2 Volume Tabung Ball Mill Yang Direncanakn ............................... 35 Gambar 4.3 Putaran Pulley Pada Motor Dan Tabung ........................................ 36 Gambar 4.4 Gaya Tabung Yang Berputar ......................................................... 41 Gambar 4.5 Panjan Keliling V-Belt ................................................................... 43 Gambar 4.6 Komponen Alat Ball Mill ............................................................... 50
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA IR. Zainun achmad,MSC. (1999), Elemen Mesin- 1.Cetakan Pertama. PT. REFIKA ADITAMA, Bandung. Jurnal, Tasha Oksaria,Wahyono Suprapto, Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar Drum Dan Jumlah Bola Penumbuk Pada Ballmill. Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Mayjend Haryono no. 167,Malang, 65145, Indonesia. Jurusan TeknikMaterial,(2007). Laporan Metallurgy Serbuk.
FT-ITS,
Surabaya Kelly, E.,G., (1982), “Introduction to Mineral Processing”, John Wiley & Son, New York. Laporan Pengolahan Bahan Galian T Pertambangan ITM_ Laporan Praktikum Ball Mill.html. Sularso, Kyokatsu Suga (1985), Dasar Perencanaan Dan Pemilihan Elemen Mesin, Cetakan Kelima, PT. Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta. Tomi Budi Waluyo. (2013). Pembuatan Partikel Nano Fe2o3 Dengan Kombinasi Ball-Milling Dan Ultrasonic-Milling, Urusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Kristen Petra,http://www.petra.ac.id/~puslit/journals/dir.php.DepartmentID =MES Wills, B., A., (1988), “Mineral Processing Technology”, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
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