KATA PENGANTAR Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillah puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada ALLAH SWT atas rahmat dan hidayah-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan proyek akhir pada kesempatan kali ini. Dan juga untuk Nabi Muhammad SAW yang telah membawa dunia ini dari jaman kebodohan menjadi jaman teknologi yang telah kita rasakan sampai sekarang ini. Proyek akhir yang berjudul ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk melengkapi sebagian persyaratan kelulusan mata kuliah Proyek Akhir semester VI di Fakultas Ilmu Terapan Universitas Telkom. Dalam penyusunan laporan ini, penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada: 1. Mama, Papa, Abi, abang, adik dan keluarga besar yang senantiasa mengirimkan doa, memberikan semangat berupa materi ataupun motivasi untuk kelancaran dan kesuksesan penulis dalam menyelesaikan proyek akhir ini. 2. Ibu Mia Rosmiati dan Ibu Marlindia Ike Sari selaku pembimbing 1 dan pembimbing 2, yang telah memberikan arahan dan bimbingannya pada penulis dalam menyelesaikan proyek akhir ini baik dari aplikasi maupun dokumentasi. 3. Ibu Fitri Susanti selaku dosen wali yang selalu memberikan semangat serta bantuannya sehingga penulis dapat mendaftar dan mengikuti sidang. 4. Seluruh keluarga besar Unik Kegiatan Mahasiswa (UKM) Regional Minang Fakultas Ilmu Terapan Universitas Telkom. 5. Semua pihak yang terlibat dalam membantu penulis dalam menyelesaikan proyek akhir ini, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Semoga seluruh amal kebaikan yang telah mereka berikan dibalas oleh Allah SWT. Laporan ini ditulis oleh penulis dengan harapan bisa bermanfaat buat penulis maupun pihak yang memerlukan. Penulis juga akan berterima kasih banyak jika ada kritik dan saran yang bisa membangun atas kekurangan yang penulis buat untuk kemajuan penulis khususnya agar nantinya tidak terjatuh pada kesalahan yang sama lagiSemoga apa yang telah penulis laporkan dapat bermanfaat. Sesungguhnya i
kesempurnaan hanya milik ALLAH SWT. Dan kekurangan murni penulislah yang melakukannya.
Wassalamualaikum Wr.Wb
Bandung, 19 Desember 2013
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI PERNYATAAN................................................................................................................ i KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................................ i ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................... v DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................... ix BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................................. 1 1.1
Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................... 2
1.3
Tujuan .......................................................................................................... 2
1.4
Batasan Masalah ......................................................................................... 2
1.5
Definisi Operasional .................................................................................... 3
1.6
Metode Pengerjaan ..................................................................................... 4
1.7
Jadwal Pengerjaan....................................................................................... 5
BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 6 2.1
Fiber optic .................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1
Struktur Dasar Fiber optic.................................................................... 7
2.1.2
Jenis Fiber optic ................................................................................... 9
2.1.3
Karakteristik Fiber optic..................................................................... 11
2.2
Jaringan Lokal Akses Fiber optic ................................................................ 12
2.2.1
Arsitektus Jaringan Fiber Optic secara umum ................................... 12
2.2.2
Teknologi Jaringan Fiber optic ........................................................... 15
2.3
Teknologi PON ........................................................................................... 16
2.3.1
Optical Line Terminal (OLT) ............................................................... 18
2.3.2
Optical Distribution Network (ODN).................................................. 19
2.3.3
Optical Network Unit (ONU).............................................................. 20
2.3.4
Passive Splitter .................................................................................. 21
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2.4
Analisis Performansi Jaringan Fiber optic.................................................. 21
2.4.1
Link Budget ........................................................................................ 21
2.4.2
Quality of Service ............................................................................... 22
2.5
Alat Bantu .................................................................................................. 23
2.5.1
Optical System ................................................................................... 23
2.5.2
NetPerSec .......................................................................................... 25
BAB 3 ANALISIS DAN PERENCANAAN ........................................................................ 26 3.1
Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem ........................................................................ 26
3.1.1
Pencarian Data dan Informasi Lokasi ................................................ 26
3.1.2
Perencanaan Teknologi Jaringan ....................................................... 28
3.1.3
Penentuan Alat dan Spesifikasi ......................................................... 28
3.1.4
Penentuan Letak dan Jumlah Perangkat ........................................... 31
3.2
Existing Area .............................................................................................. 32
BAB 4 IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN ................................................................... 33 4.1
Implementasi............................................................................................. 34
4.2
Pengujian ................................................................................................... 34
BAB 5 PENUTUP......................................................................................................... 40 5.1
Kesimpulan ................................................................................................ 40
5.2
Saran.......................................................................................................... 40
DAFTAR REFERENSI ................................................................................................... 41 LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................................. 42
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1-1 Metodologi Waterfall (Pressman, 1997) ................................................. 4 Gambar 2-1 Bagian-bagian Fiber Optic jenis single mode........................................... 7 Gambar 2-2 Step Index (Multimode) ........................................................................... 9 Gambar 2-3 Graded Index (Multimode) .................................................................... 10 Gambar 2-4 Single Mode (Monomode)..................................................................... 10 Gambar 2-5 Fiber to the Building .............................................................................. 13 Gambar 2-6 Fiber to the Building .............................................................................. 14 Gambar 2-7 Fiber to the Zone ................................................................................... 14 Gambar 2-8 Fiber to the Curb.................................................................................... 15 Gambar 2-9 Fiber to the Home.................................................................................. 15 Gambar 2-10 Konfigurasi Umum PON ...................................................................... 17 Gambar 2-11 Optical Line Terminal .......................................................................... 19 Gambar 2-12 Berbagai Macam ODN ......................................................................... 19 Gambar 2-13 Perhitungan Link budget ..................................................................... 21 Gambar 2-14 Optical Power Meter ........................................................................... 24 Gambar 2-15 BER Meter............................................................................................ 24 Gambar 2-16 Netpersec ............................................................................................ 27 Gambar 3-1 Beberapa macam Splitter ...................................................................... 31 Gambar 3-2 Rancangan Desain FTTB ........................................................................ 32 Gambar 4-1 Desain FTTB dengan Optical System ..................................................... 37 Gambar 4-2 OPM daya Input dan Output ................................................................. 38 Gambar 4-3 BER Analyzer pada setiap lantai ............................................................ 38
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 1-1 Jadwal Pengerjaan ....................................................................................... 5 Tabel 2-1 Perbandingan Kabel Coaxial dan Fiber Optic .............................................. 6 Tabel 2-2 Perbandingan Antara beberapa media transmisi ....................................... 7 Tabel 2-3 Teknologi Jaringan Fiber Optic .................................................................. 16 Tabel 2-4 OLT GPON/ITU-T G.984 ............................................................................. 18 Tabel 2-5 Optical Network Unic ................................................................................ 20 Tabel 2-6 Indeks Parameter QoS ............................................................................... 22 Tabel 2-7 Delay .......................................................................................................... 22 Tabel 2-8 Packet Loss ................................................................................................ 23 Tabel 3-1 Access Point Fakultas Ilmu Terapan Universitas Telkom........................... 27 Tabel 3-2 RFID Fakultas Ilmu Terapan Universitas Telkom ....................................... 27 Tabel 3-3 Switch Fakultas Ilmu Terapan Universitas Telkom .................................... 27 Tabel 3-4 Parameter Fiber optic ................................................................................ 30 Tabel 4-1 Hasil Pengamatan pada hari Senin ............................................................ 34 Tabel 4-2 Hasil Pengamatan pada hari Rabu ............................................................ 35 Tabel 4-3 Hasil Pengamatan pada hari Kamis ........................................................... 35 Tabel 4-4 Throughput pada hari Senin ...................................................................... 35 Tabel 4-5 Throughput pada hari Rabu....................................................................... 36 Tabel 4-6 Throughput pada hari Kamis ..................................................................... 36 Tabel 4-7 Hasil Pengetesan BER Analyzer ................................................................. 39
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1-1 Tampilan awal Optical System ............................................................ 42 Lampiran 1-2 Transmitter ......................................................................................... 43 Lampiran 1-3 Input Fiber optic .................................................................................. 43 Lampiran 1-4 Menambahkan Splitter ....................................................................... 44 Lampiran 1-5 Menambahkan Optical Receiver dan BER Analyzer ............................ 45 Lampiran 1-6 Desain Fisik FTTB ................................................................................. 45 Lampiran 1-7 Pengetesan Performansi Sistem ......................................................... 46 Lampiran 1-8 Pengetesan Optical Power Meter ....................................................... 46 Lampiran 1-9 Pengetesan BER Analyzer.................................................................... 47 Lampiran 2-1 Mapping Area...................................................................................... 47 Lampiran 2-2 Mapping Access Point ......................................................................... 49 Lampiran 3-1 Senin (Youtube) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB ............................................. 51 Lampiran 3-2 Senin (Youtube) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ............................................. 51 Lampiran 3-3 Senin (Youtube) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB ............................................. 51 Lampiran 3-4 Senin (Youtube) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB ............................................. 52 Lampiran 3-5 Senin (Student Portal) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB ................................... 52 Lampiran 3-6 Senin (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................... 52 Lampiran 3-7 Senin (Student Portal) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB ................................... 53 Lampiran 3-8 Senin (Student Portal) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB ................................... 53 Lampiran 3-9 Rabu (Youtube) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB .............................................. 53 Lampiran 3-10 Rabu (Youtube) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ............................................ 54 Lampiran 3-11 Rabu (Youtube) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB ............................................ 54 Lampiran 3-12 Rabu (Youtube) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB ............................................ 54 Lampiran 3-13 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB .................................. 55 Lampiran 3-14 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB .................................. 55 Lampiran 3-15 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB .................................. 55 Lampiran 3-16 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB .................................. 56 Lampiran 3-17 Kamis (Youtube) jam 08.00 – 07.00 WIB .......................................... 56 Lampiran 3-18 Kamis (Youtube) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB .......................................... 56 Lampiran 3-19 Kamis (Youtube) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB .......................................... 57 Lampiran 3-20 Kamis (Youtube) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB .......................................... 57 Lampiran 3-21 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB ................................. 57 Lampiran 3-22 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................. 58 Lampiran 3-23 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................. 58 Lampiran 3-24 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................. 58
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Lampiran 4-1 Senin (Youtube) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB ............................................. 59 Lampiran 4-2 Senin (Youtube) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ............................................. 59 Lampiran 4-3 Senin (Youtube) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB ............................................. 59 Lampiran 4-4 Senin (Youtube) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB ............................................. 60 Lampiran 4-5 Senin (Student Portal) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB ................................... 60 Lampiran 4-6 Senin (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................... 60 Lampiran 4-7 Senin (Student Portal) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB ................................... 61 Lampiran 4-8 Senin (Student Portal) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB ................................... 61 Lampiran 4-9 Rabu (Youtube) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB .............................................. 61 Lampiran 4-10 Rabu (Youtube) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ............................................ 62 Lampiran 4-11 Rabu (Youtube) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB ............................................ 62 Lampiran 4-12 Rabu (Youtube) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB ............................................ 62 Lampiran 4-13 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB .................................. 63 Lampiran 4-14 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB .................................. 63 Lampiran 4-15 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB .................................. 63 Lampiran 4-16 Rabu (Student Portal) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB .................................. 64 Lampiran 4-17 Kamis (Youtube) jam 08.00 – 07.00 WIB .......................................... 64 Lampiran 4-18 Kamis (Youtube) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB .......................................... 64 Lampiran 4-19 Kamis (Youtube) jam 13.00 – 14.00 WIB .......................................... 65 Lampiran 4-20 Kamis (Youtube) jam 16.00 – 17.00 WIB .......................................... 65 Lampiran 4-21 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 07.00 – 08.00 WIB ................................. 65 Lampiran 4-22 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................. 66 Lampiran 4-23 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................. 66 Lampiran 4-24 Kamis (Student Portal) jam 10.00 – 11.00 WIB ................................. 66
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