ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION ON JALAN IR. H. JUANDA AND JALAN PAHLAWAN, CIPUTAT*

ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION ON JALAN IR. H. JUANDA AND JALAN PAHLAWAN, CIPUTAT* Ganda Irwanto Binus University, Jl. KH. Syahdan No. 9 Kemanggisan Jakarta Barat, 5345830, [email protected] Ganda Irwanto, Eduardi Prahara ABSTRACT The high density of traffic condition along Ir. H. Juanda Road, Ciputat is getting more terrible with unsignalized intersection named Simpang Gintung. The intersection that had traffic lights has high degree of saturation (DS) value in every peak hour after being analyzed using Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) 1997, with the lowest value of DS about 1,099 and the highest value reaches 1,784, where the limit of DS value is 0,85. Based on its calculation it has to be analyzed to reduce the value of intersection’s density. The first alternative is the combination of roads intersection widening, installation of stop forbidden, and right turn forbidden sign in the highest right turn traffic volume which produced the decrease of DS value about 20-38%. The second alternative is installation of traffic lights, but the result of calculation shows the negative green period, so it needs addition of indicator like roads intersection widening and installation of stop forbidden which represented at the third alternative, with the lowest of DS value is 0,493 and the highest is 1,025. Whereas in the fourth alternative, the construction of grade separate intersection is performed to straight direction on the major road and enactment of signalized intersection for right direction which produced the average value of DS that lower than the value of those three alternatives in every peak hour, with the highest value just about 0,824. So, the requirements of saturation limit based on IHCM 1997 has been reached. Keywords : Unsignalized intersection, IHCM 1997, degree of saturation.

PREFACE At the beginning the Gintung Intersection signalized intersection, but based of the information from some officers of the Dinas Perhubungan and the police department of Ciputat district who usually handle and manage the traffic, from about the end of 90’s the traffic light was broken and can’t be operated anymore, because of the non-technical aspect like vandalism. Until now the are no responsibility from the related officers anymore. Otherwise, the Gintung Intersection is the one of the cause of the heavy traffic jam because the crossing conflicts by the vehicles from Jalan Pahlawan (Rempoa direction) to Jalan Ir. H. Juanda (Ciputat direction) also from Jalan Ir. H. Juanda (Lebak Bulus direction) to Jalan Pahlawan (Rempoa direction), especially at the vehicles peak hour. There are no research which be held at this intersection, especially use the Indonesia Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) 1997. The data which be used on this research is the primary data and very up to date because that’s the vehicles volume and geometric intersection survey result gainned directly. The goal of this research is to analyzing the Degree of Saturation (DS) which an indicator for the traffic density and held the evaluation and find the alternative solution as the intersection increasing efford.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY First step which be held at this research is by finding a problem on the transportation sector at the one of suburban. After identificating the happened problem, so the results object which chosen is Gintung Intersection that unsignalized intersection where Jalan Ir. H. Juanda as the main road and Jalan Pahlawan as the minor road. This intersection point has a high level of traffic jam and usually happened at the peak hours like on the morning, afternoon, even evening. The next step is by doing the literature study based from the happened problem identification. Then is find and submit the data by using primary data. Primary data is a data which gainned directly by doing the survey at research location. Next is analyzing data based on initial condition the primary data result, after that the data *Analysis and Evaluation Unsignalized Intersection on Jalan Ir. H. Juanda and Jalan Pahlawan, Ciputat Based on Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual 1997

can be calculated which produce the evaluation with 4 alternatives. If the result from the 4 alternatives can be explainned, so the alternatif can be chosen by the best result. The final step is compose the conclusion based from the study and result with the recommendation for the advance research study.

Gambar 1 Diagram Alir Penelitian

RESULT AND DISCUSSION Degree of Saturated Analysis at The Initial Condition of Intersection Based on the vehicles volume survey result at the morning, afternoon, and evening peak hour at April 22th, 2014 which represent the weekday and May 3rd, 2014 which represent the weekend, so can be doing capacity and degree of saturation (DS) calculation by using the form USIG I and II on IHCM 1997 with the result like this: Tabel 1Hasil Analisa Kapasitas, Arus Lalu Lintas, dan Derajat Kejenuhan pada Kondisi Awal Pekan

Weekday

Weekend

Jam Puncak

Kapasitas (SMP/Jam)

Arus Lalu Lintas (SMP/Jam)

Derajat Kejenuhan

Pagi

4634,333

7684,9

1,658

Siang

4776,279

5248,6

1,099

Sore

4328,061

7722,4

1,784

Pagi

4685,845

6232,8

1,330

Siang

4701.268

5838.9

1,242

Sore

4524,982

6863,4

1,517

*Analysis and Evaluation Unsignalized Intersection on Jalan Ir. H. Juanda and Jalan Pahlawan, Ciputat Based on Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual 1997

Analysis result shows the very high traffic flow and doesn’t comparable with the intersection capacity make the DS score is overpass the limit which be regulated by IHCM 1997 which about 0.85 for every peak hour like weekday or weekend. So, it needs an evaluation by doing the intersection restructuring to decrease the score of DS as the standard which be regulated by IHCM 1997.

1st Alternative Intersection Evaluation In this evaluation, doing the widening of intersection’s road (WENTRY dan WEXIT) on main road (1,5 m – 1,7 m) and minor road (1 m), then add installation of stop forbidden, and installation right turn forbidden sign in the highest right turn traffic volume (based on traffic volume survey, is from Rempoa to Ciputat direction)

Gambar 2 Skema Simpang Hasil Evaluasi Alternatif 1 This are the comparation result of DS score on intial condition and DS score after the intersection restructuring on the 1st alternative evaluation Tabel 2 Perbandingan Derajat Kejenuhan Kondisi Awal dengan Hasil Evaluasi Alternatif 1 Pekan Awal Pekan

Akhir Pekan

Jam Puncak Pagi

DS Kondisi Awal 1,658

DS Alternatif 1 1,326

Siang

1,099

0,848

Sore

1,784

1,160

Pagi

1,312

1,017

Siang

1,242

0,956

Sore

1,529

1,109

Although that happen the decreation at initial conditial, DS score which reach the target as the saturation limit intersection density as the regulation of IHCM 1997 just happen on the afternoon weekday peak hour that 0.848 < 0.85. Otherwise, the DS score still more than 0.85 which indicated the intersection density is still so high.

2nd Alternative Intersection Evaluation Traffic light using is one of alternative if the restructuring of unsignalized intersection still uneffective to push intersection density which shown by the high DS score. Indonesia is the one of country which the traffic light operation by permitted operation, where the traffic light on the constant siclus, same of length siclus and constant phase. So, the green period calculation is by the highest vehicles volume will be the permanent and constant green period in the implementation on the reality everyday. From the survey result, the highest vehicles volume happened at the morning peak hour (weekday), so this can be the calculation basic to decide the green period continously everyday at the Gintung Intersection. Otherwise, the using total phase is 3 phase like this Picture:


Gambar 3 Rencana Rancangan Fase Lalu Lintas By using the form SIG IV on IHCM 1997, gainned the green periode on every intersection direction like this: Tabel 3Hasil Analisa Waktu Hijau Pada Evaluasi Alternatif 2 Kode Pendekat B T-ST T-RT

Rumus

gi = (cua – LTI) × PRi

U

Waktu Hijau -95,944 -95,944 -23,089 -50,924

With that negative green period, so the vehicle queue and intersection delay calculation is uneffective anymore. Otherwise, this green period can’t be implementated on the reality. So, it need other indicators beside just installation the traffic light.

3rd Alternative Intersection Evaluation In this evaluation, beside the installation of traffic light (3 phase) is also by adding the other indicators like the former analysis, that the installation of stop forbidden to reduce the side obstacle, and roads intersection widening (WENTRY dan WEXIT) on main and minor road (same as the 1st alternative evaluation intersection). This is the vehicles movement scheme based on each phases:

Gambar 4 Skema pergerakan kendaraan pada fase 1


Gambar 5 Skema pergerakan kendaraan pada fase 2

Gambar 6Skema pergerakan kendaraan pada fase 3 By the same calculation with the 2nd alternative evaluation, these are the result of green period and after adjusted: Tabel 4 Waktu Hijau Sebelum dan Sesudah Disesuaikan

B

Waktu Hijau Sebelum Disesuaikan (detik) 116,84

Waktu Hijau Sesudah Disesuaikan (detik) 120

T-ST

116,84

120

T-RT

28,945

30

U

58,139

70

Kode Pendekat

By using the adjusted green period, if refers to DS analysis result on intial condition, so it gainned the decrease of DS score which will make the traffic jam on Gintung Intersection will be decrease by using this 3rd alternative evaluation. But if look back the regulation by the IHCM 1997 which DS score must < 0.85, so the 3rd alternative intersection restructuring still not required because on some direction still found the DS score which overpass 0.85. These are the DS analysis result by using the 3rd alternaitve:


Tabel 5 Perbandingan Derajat Kejenuhan Kondisi Awal dengan Hasil Evaluasi Alternatif 3

Pekan

Jam Puncak

Kode Pendekat

DS Kondisi Awal

B Pagi

Weekday

Siang

Sore

T-ST T-RT

DS* Evaluasi Alternatif 3

Pekan

DS Kondisi Awal

0,990 1,658

DS* Evaluasi Alternatif 3 0,733

0,493

1,312

0,981

0,515 0,386

U

0,844

0,629

B

0,685

0,705

T-ST T-RT

1,099

0,513 0,566

Weekend

1,242

0,571 0,719

U

0,758

0,882

B

0,688

0,842

T-ST T-RT

1,784

U

0,793 0,807

1,529

1,025

0,610 0,594 0,848

* DS berdasarkan waktu hijau yang disesuaikan

4th Alternative Intersection Evaluation This evaluation make the traffic engineering if used grade separated intersection like underpass for main road vehicles on the straight direction, otherwise for the turn right way still using signalized intersection (3 phase).

Gambar 7Sketsa Simpang Tak Sebidangpada Simpang Gintung Traffic engineering by using combination between the grade separated intersection and signalized intersection produce the highest DS score decreation compare with some former evaluations. Otherwise based on IHCM 1997 standard, so it won’t found DS score > 0.85 at this 4th alternative evaluation. So it can be conclude that from all the intersection evaluation, the 4th alternative evaluation is the best alternative to improve the intersection capacity. These are the comparation result between initial condition DS with the DS from 4th alternative evaluation:


Tabel 6 Perbandingan Derajat Kejenuhan Kondisi Awal dengan Hasil Evaluasi Alternatif 4

Pekan

Jam Puncak

Kode Pendekat

DS Kondisi Awal

B Pagi

Weekday

Siang

Sore

T-ST T-RT

DS* Evaluasi Alternatif 3

Pekan

DS Kondisi Awal

0,763 1,658

DS* Evaluasi Alternatif 4 0,804

0,041

1,312

0,808

0,050 0,318

U

0,679

0,506

B

0,798

0,716

T-ST T-RT

1,099

0,090 0,467

Weekend

1,242

0,085 0,592

U

0,610

0,709

B

0,606

0,720

T-ST T-RT

1,784

U

0,089 0,665 0,824

1,529

0,089 0,489 0,682

* DS berdasarkan waktu hijau yang disesuaikan

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION From the result of analysis and evaluation intersection, so can be conclude that: a. The intersection on the initial condition has a very high DS score, which the highest DS score happen at the evening peak hour weekday by DS score = 1.784 which cause of high turn right at the minor road which reach 1857 veh/h or 1041.2 smp/h. Meanwhile the lowest DS happen at the afternoon peak hour weekday which DS score justabout 1.099. that result far overpass DS as the IHCM 1997 regulation that < 0.85 so it need the restructuring evaluation intersection to improve the intersection capacity. b. Based from 1st – 4th alternative evaluation, so which reach the IHCM 1997 regulation by the DS < 0.85 just at the 4th alternative evaluation which has the highest DS decreation compared with the initial condition. So, the combination of grade separate construction and the traffic light installation can be the best alternative solution to decrease the traffic density on the Gintung Intersection. Recommendation which can give to the next research is: a. Important to adding the day and vehicles volume survey time to get the more accurate data result. b. It needs feasibility study beside just the traffic aspect, like technical aspect, economy aspect, environmental aspect, etc.

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Putranto, L. S. (2007). Rekayasa Lalu Lintas. Jakarta: Indeks RSNI Standar Nasional Indonesia. (2004). Geometri Jalan Perkotaan. Badan Standardisasi Nasional Sugiharti, P., Widodo, W. (2013). Analisis Kinerja Simpang Tak Bersinyal (Studi Kasus: Simpang 3 Tak Bersinyal Jl. Raya Seturan-Jl. Raya Babarsari-Jl. Kledokan, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta). Skripsi, Yogyakarta: Program Prasarjana Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Tamin, Ofyar Z. (2008). Perencanaan, Pemodelan, dan Rekayasa Transportasi. Bandung: Penerbit ITB Transportation Research Board. (2000). Highway Capacity Manual. National Research Council Wikipedia. 2014. Lalu Lintas. April-20-2014.http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalu_lintas Wisnhukoro. (2008). Analisis Simpang Empat Tak Bersinyal dengan Menggunakan Manajemen Lalu Lintas.Skripsi, Yogyakarta: Program Prasarjana Universitas Islam Indonesia.

BIOGRAPHY Ganda Irwanto was born on Jakarta at December 22th, 1991. Writer finished bachelor degree on Civil Engineering Department, Binus University on 2014.


ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION ON JALAN IR. H. JUANDA AND JALAN PAHLAWAN, CIPUTAT*

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