ANALISA KEBUTUHAN SISTEM E-LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN OPEN SOURCE SYSTEM BAGI ORBEXCORP INSTITUTE
SKRIPSI
Oleh :
GISELLA FEBRINA 0800754052
PROGRAM GANDA SISTEM INFORMASI DAN MANAJEMEN BINUS UNIVERSITY JAKARTA 2009
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ANALISA KEBUTUHAN SISTEM E-LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN OPEN SOURCE SYSTEM BAGI ORBEXCORP INSTITUTE
SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan gelar Sarjana pada Program Ganda Jenjang Pendidikan Strata 1
Oleh :
GISELLA FEBRINA 0800754052
PROGRAM GANDA SISTEM INFORMASI DAN MANAJEMEN BINUS UNIVERSITY JAKARTA 2009
ii
BINUS UNIVERSITY
Saya, Gisella Febrina, dengan ini menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang berjudul:
ANALISA KEBUTUHAN SISTEM E-LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN OPEN SOURCE SYSTEM BAGI ORBEXCORP INSTITUTE
adalah benar hasil karya saya dan belum pernah diajukan sebagai karya ilmiah, sebagian atau seluruhnya, atas nama saya atau pihak lain.
Gisella Febrina
0800754052
Saya , selaku Pembimbing,setuju Skripsi tersebut diajukan untuk Ujian Pendadaran
Prof. Dr. Harjanto Prabowo D1390
Win Ce, S.Kom.,MM D2434
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KATA PENGANTAR
Sebelumnya penulis mengucapkan syukur dan terima kasih kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa sehingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Walaupun tugas membuat skripsi ini terasa berat oleh penulis, namun berkat bimbingan dari para dosen, akhirnya skripsi ini dapat diselesaikan walaupun masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Skripsi ini disusun berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari tempat penulis melakukan Kerja Praktek ditambah dengan penjelasan dari para dosen dan buku-buku yang ada hubungannya dengan topik skripsi. Penulis menyadari masih banyak kekurangan–kekurangan di dalam skripsi,sehingga penulis sangat mengharapkan bantuan berupa kritik dari para dosen serta cara – cara yang baik untuk menyusun karya ilmiah di masa yang akan datang. Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada para pembimbing yang telah meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan petunjuk dalam mewujudkan skripsi ini, khususnya kepada: 1. Kepada Yesus Kristus, Sang Juru Selamat yang sudah memberikan berkat, bimbingan serta kekuatan bagi Penulis. 2. Kepada Papa & Mama, Emak, Ode, Andrew, Adeline dan Udaya Manggala yang tidak pernah berhenti memberikan kasih sayang, doa, kesempatan, dukungan serta bantuan. 3. Almarhum Ibu Widia selaku mantan Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara. 4. Bapak Prof. Dr. Gerardus Polla, M.App.Sc., selaku Rektor Binus University. 5. Bapak Prof. Drs. Harjanto Prabowo, selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah banyak memberi masukan, menuntun dan membimbing dengan sabar serta
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bersedia meluangkan waktunya bagi penulis sehingga penulisan skripsi dapat selesai dengan baik dan tepat waktu. 6. Bapak Win Ce, S.Kom., MM, selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah banyak memberi masukan, menuntun dan membimbing dengan sabar serta bersedia meluangkan waktunya bagi penulis sehingga penulisan skripsi dapat selesai dengan baik dan tepat waktu. 7. Mr. Ruben Berasategui serta Mrs. Shelly Januarty dari Orbexcorp Institute, PT. AndrewTani Indonesia yang telah mengijinkan penulis melakukan survey, membantu dalam penyusunan skripsi serta bersedia memberikan informasi dan keterangan yang dibutuhkan penulis dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 8. Rekan-rekan assosiates dari ATC; ‘Mba Yuli, Ibu Melly, ‘Mba Dinda, ‘Mba Vela, Monika Ardiani, ‘Mba Nuke, Pak Chandra, Pak Parno serta rekan lain. 9. Sahabat tercinta penulis; Stephania Seravien, Ratna Miranda S., Viona G, Selvia Himura atas kasih sayang, semangat, penghiburan serta dukungan sepenuh hati. 10. 09PAY - SI-MN angkatan 2004; Anton Kurniawan, Marsella Florentina, Hendri, Rangga Yudhika, Edison, Irene Octavia beserta kawan lainnya.
Jakarta, 19 Januari 2009 Penulis
Gisella Febrina 0800754052
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul Luar ................................................................................................................. i Halaman Judul Dalam .............................................................................................................. ii Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover ............................................................................................. iii Abstrak ..................................................................................................................................... iv Kata Pengantar ........................................................................................................................ v Daftar Isi .................................................................................................................................. vii Daftar Tabel ............................................................................................................................. xi Daftar Gambar .......................................................................................................................... xiii Daftar Lampiran ....................................................................................................................... xvi
BAB 1
PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................... 1 1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah .................................................................................. 1
1.2
Perumusan Masalah ......................................................................................... 3
1.3
Ruang Lingkup ................................................................................................ 4
1.4
Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................... 4
1.5
Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ......................................................................... 5 1.5.1 Sejarah Perusahaan ..................................................................................... 5 1.5.2 Visi Dan Misi Perusahaan ........................................................................... 7 1.5.3 Struktur Organisasi ...................................................................................... 7
BAB 2
LANDASAN TEORI ...................................................................................... 14 2.1
Kerangka Teori .................................................................................................. 14 2.1.1 Definisi E-learning .................................................................................... 14 2.1.2 Design E-learning yang Baik ................................................................... 15 2.1.3 Prinsip-prinsip E-learning ........................................................................ 18 2.1.4 Pengertian Internet ................................................................................... 19 2.1.5 Metodologi Penelitian .............................................................................. 19 2.1.5.1
Pengertian penelitian ....................................................................... 19
2.1.5.2
Jenis-jenis Penelitian ....................................................................... 19 vii
2.1.5.3
Metode Penelitian ........................................................................... 20
2.1.5.4
Tehnik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 20
2.1.6 Object Oriented Analysis and Design ...................................................... 21 2.1.6.1 Problem Domain Analysis .................................................................. 22 2.1.6.2 Application Domain Analysis ............................................................ 24 2.1.6.3 Architectural Design .......................................................................... 26 2.1.6.4 Component Design ............................................................................. 27 2.1.7 Value Network Analysis ............................................................................ 30 2.1.7.1 Tangible dan Intangible Exchange ................................................... 32 2.1.7.2 Value Exchange Diagram ................................................................. 32 2.1.7.3 Impact Analysis ................................................................................. 32 2.1.7.4 Value Creation Analysis .................................................................... 33 2.1.8 Open Source System ................................................................................. 33 2.1.9 Infrastruktur Sistem Informasi ................................................................. 34 2.1.9.1
Definisi Infrastruktur Sistem Informasi .......................................... 34
2.1.9.2
Komponen Dasar Sistem Informasi ................................................ 34
2.1.10 Multimedia ................................................................................................ 35 2.2
BAB 3
Kerangka Berpikir .............................................................................................. 38
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.................................................................... 39 3.1
Metodologi Pemecahan Masalah ....................................................................... 39 3.1.1 Penelitian Pendahuluan ........................................................................ 42 3.1.2 Studi Literatur ...................................................................................... 42 3.1.3 Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................. 43 3.1.4 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................... 43 3.1.5 Pengolahan Data .................................................................................. 44 3.1.6 Pengajuan Output ................................................................................ 45 3.1.7 Pendekatan Operasional Value Network Analysis ............................... 46 3.1.7.1 Value Configuration Diagram ...................................................... 46 3.1.7.2 Value Exchange Diagram ............................................................ 51 3.1.7.3 Value Impact Diagram ................................................................. 51 viii
3.1.7.4 Value Creation Diagram .............................................................. 52 3.1.8 Analisa Open Source E-learning System ............................................. 52 3.1.9 Perancangan Modul Tambahan ........................................................... 53 3.1.10 Usulan Strategi Perusahaan Berdasarkan Pendekatan Operasional ...................................................................... 53 3.1.11 Saran dan Kesimpulan ......................................................................... 54 3.2
Tehnik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................................ 54 3.2.1 Pemagangan/Intership ............................................................................ 54 3.2.2 Observasi Langsung ............................................................................... 55 3.2.3 Wawancara ............................................................................................. 55 3.2.4 Diskusi dan Brainstorming ..................................................................... 56
BAB 4
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................................................... 57 4.1
Hasil Pengumpulan Data .................................................................................. 57 4.1.1 Produk dari Orbexcorp Institute ............................................................. 57 4.1.2 Gambaran Umum Prosedur Pelaksanaan Operasional ........................... 64
4.2
Analisa Data dan Pembahasan ......................................................................... 79 4.2.1
Analisa Operasional ............................................................................ 79
4.2.1.1 Value Configuration Diagram ...................................................... 79 4.2.1.2 Value Exchange Diagram ............................................................ 85 4.2.1.3 Value Impact dan Value Creation ................................................ 85 4.2.2 Analisa Open Source E-learning System ............................................. 103 4.2.3 Perancangan Modul Tambahan bagi Open Source E-learning System .................................................................................................. 145 4.2.4 Usulan Strategi Berdasarkan Pendekatan Operasional ........................ 158
BAB 5
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN....................................................................... 160 5.1
Kesimpulan ...................................................................................................... 160
5.2
Saran ................................................................................................................ 161
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................ xvii RIWAYAT HIDUP ................................................................................................................ xix LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................................ L-1 SURAT SURVEY .................................................................................................................. xx
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Tabel Impact Analysis ........................................................................................... 33 Tabel 2.2 Tabel Value Creation Analysis ................................................................................ 33 Tabel 4.1 CMT Program Courses ........................................................................................... 58 Tabel 4.2 Planning and Strategic Management Program Courses ......................................... 59 Tabel 4.3 Integrated Project Management Program Courses ................................................. 60 Tabel 4.3 Integrated Project Management Program Courses (Lanjutan) .............................. 61 Tabel 4.4 Project Planning and Control Program Course ...................................................... 62 Tabel 4.5 Manager Leader Program Course........................................................................... 66 Tabel 4.6 Impact Analysis Bagian Learning Management ...................................................... 91 Tabel 4.7 Pengembangan Impact Analysis Bagian Learning Management ............................ 93 Tabel 4.8 Value Creation Analysis Bagian Learning Management ......................................... 94 Tabel 4.8 Pengembangan Value Creation Analysis Bagian Learning Management ............... 96 Tabel 4.10 Impact Analysis Bagian Empower & Curriculum Development ........................... 100 Tabel 4.11Pengembangan Impact Analysis Bagian Empower&Curriculum Development .... 101 Tabel 4.12 Value Creation Analysis Bagian Empower & Curriculum Development .............. 101 Tabel 4.13 Pengembangan Value Creation Analysis Bagian Empower & Curriculum Development............................................................................................................................. 102 Tabel 4.14 Analisa Kebutuhan Fitur Berdasarkan Karakteristik Learning Material............... 105 Tabel 4.15 Analisa Kebutuhan Fitur Berdasarkan Nilai Value Configuration ........................ 105 Tabel 4.15 Analisa Kebutuhan Fitur Berdasarkan Nilai Value Configuration (lanjutan)........ 106 Tabel 4.16 Analisa Kebutuhan Fitur Berdasarkan Value Creation Analysis ........................... 108 Tabel 4.17 Daftar Kebutuhan Fitur ......................................................................................... 108 Tabel 4.17 Daftar Kebutuhan Fitur (Lanjutan) ....................................................................... 108 Tabel 4.18 Daftar Kepemilikan Fitur Open Source System ..................................................... 111 Tabel 4.19 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Sharing File ............................................. 114 Tabel 4.20 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Assignment .............................................. 117 Tabel 4.21 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Quiz ......................................................... 121 Tabel 4.22 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Referensi ................................................. 122 Tabel 4.23 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Workshop................................................. 124 xi
Tabel 4.24 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Survey ...................................................... 127 Tabel 4.25 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Growth Observer ..................................... 129 Tabel 4.26 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Forum ...................................................... 132 Tabel 4.27 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Chat ......................................................... 133 Tabel 4.28 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur Announcement ......................................... 136 Tabel 4.29 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source Fitur FAQ ......................................................... 137 Tabel 4.30 Tabel Scoring Fitur Open Source .......................................................................... 139 Tabel 4.31 Tabel Scoring Kriteria E-learning System berbasis Open Source ......................... 143 Tabel 4.32 Tabel Rekapitulasi Scoring E-learning System berbasis Open Source .................. 144 Tabel 4.33 Tabel Function List ................................................................................................ 153 Tabel 4.34 Hasil Analisa dari Value Creation Analysis ........................................................... 158
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Stuktur Organisasi PT. Andrew Tani Indonesia – Orbexcorp Institute ............... 8 Gambar 2.1 Aktivitas Utama dalam OOA&D ......................................................................... 22 Gambar 2.2 Aktivitas dalam Problem Domain Analysis ......................................................... 23 Gambar 2.3 Aktivitas dalam Application Domain Analysis .................................................... 25 Gambar 2.4 Aktivitas dalam Architectural Design ................................................................. 26 Gambar 2.5 Aktivitas dalam Component Design .................................................................... 28 Gambar 2.6 Value Network Diagram ...................................................................................... 31 Gambar 2.7 Kerangka Pikir ..................................................................................................... 38 Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Metodologi Pemecahan Masalah ................................................... 39 Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Metodologi Pemecahan Masalah (Lanjutan 1) .............................. 40 Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Metodologi Pemecahan Masalah (Lanjutan 2) .............................. 41 Gambar 3.2 Contoh Value configuration Diagram ................................................................. 48 Gambar 4.1 Prosedur Registrasi Peserta Didik ....................................................................... 66 Gambar 4.2 Prosedur Perekrutan Instruktur Baru .................................................................... 68 Gambar 4.3 Prosedur Penjadwalan Training .......................................................................... 70 Gambar 4.4 Prosedur Pelaksanaan Kelas Pelatihan ................................................................. 71 Gambar 4.5 Prosedur Pelaksanaan Pelatihan bagi Instruktur ................................................. 73 Gambar 4.6 Prosedur Entri Data Kehadiran Instruktur dan Peserta ........................................ 75 Gambar 4.7 Prosedur Pembayaran Honor Mengajar ............................................................... 76 Gambar 4.8 Prosedur Pengembangan Learning Material ........................................................ 78 Gambar 4.9 Value Configuration Diagram ............................................................................ 80 Gambar 4.10 Value Exchange Diagram Orbexcorp Institute ................................................. 86 Gambar 4.11 Tangible Deliverables Orbexcorp Institute ....................................................... 87 Gambar 4.12 Intangible Deliverables Orbexcorp Institute ...................................................... 88 Gambar 4.13 Input Deliverables Bagian Learning Management ............................................ 89 Gambar 4.14 Output Deliverables Bagian Learning Management ......................................... 90 Gambar 4.15 Input Deliverables Bagian Empower & Curriculum Development ................... 98 Gambar 4.16 Output Deliverables Bagian Empower & Curriculum Development ................. 99 Gambar 4.17 Tampilan Layar Fitur Workshop Moodle .......................................................... 125 xiii
Gambar 4.18 Rich Picture ........................................................................................................ 149 Gambar 4.19 Class Diagram Fitur Interactive Learning ........................................................ 150 Gambar 4.20 Statechart Diagram Fitur Interactive Learning .................................................. 151 Gambar 4.21 Use Case Diagram Fitur Interactive Learning ................................................... 152 Gambar 4.22 Rancangan Layar Halaman Fitur Interactive Learning...................................... 155 Gambar 4.23 Sequence Diagram Mengunggah Permainan ..................................................... 156 Gambar 4.24 Sequence Diagram Memainkan Permainan: Peserta didik ................................ 157 Gambar 4.25 Sequence Diagram Memainkan Permainan: Instruktur ..................................... 149 Gambar L-1 Tampilan Layar Home Admin Moodle .............................................................. L-2 Gambar L-2 Tampilan Layar Course Moodle ........................................................................ L-2 Gambar L-3 Tampilan Layar Add/Edit Course Moodle ......................................................... L-3 Gambar L-4 Tampilan Layar Manage Activity Moodle .......................................................... L-3 Gambar L-5 Struktur Menu Moodle ....................................................................................... L-4 Gambar L-6 Struktur Menu User Moodle ............................................................................. L-5 Gambar L-7 Struktur Menu Modules Moodle ........................................................................ L-5 Gambar L-8 Struktur Menu Appearance Moodle ................................................................... L-6 Gambar L-9 Tampilan Layar My Start Page Atutor ............................................................... L-8 Gambar L-10 Tampilan Layar Home Admin Atutor ............................................................. L-8 Gambar L-11 Tampilan Layar Forum Atutor ......................................................................... L-9 Gambar L-12 Tampilan Layar File Storage Atutor ................................................................. L-9 Gambar L-13 Tampilan Layar Chat Atutor ............................................................................ L-10 Gambar L-14 Tampilan Layar TILE Repository Search Atutor ............................................. L-10 Gambar L-15 Tampilan Layar Site Map Atutor ...................................................................... L-11 Gambar L-16 Tampilan Layar My Tracker Atutor ................................................................. L-11 Gambar L-17 Tampilan Layar Polls Atutor ............................................................................ L-12 Gambar L-18 Tampilan Layar Directory Atutor .................................................................... L-12 Gambar L-19 Tampilan Layar Reading List Atutor ................................................................ L-13 Gambar L-20 Tampilan Layar Blogs Atutor ........................................................................... L-13 Gambar L-21 Struktur Menu Atutor ....................................................................................... L-14 Gambar L-22 Tampilan Layar Utama Claroline ..................................................................... L-15 Gambar L-23 Tampilan Layar Home Admin Claroline .......................................................... L-15 xiv
Gambar L-24 Tampilan Layar My Course Claroline .............................................................. L-16 Gambar L-25 Tampilan Layar My Course sebagai Course Manager Claroline ..................... L-16 Gambar L-26 Tampilan Platform Administration Claroline .................................................. L-17 Gambar L-27 Tampilan Layar Course Home Page Claroline dengan fitur introduction Text diaftikan ................................................................................................. L-17 Gambar L-28 Tampilan Layar Documents & Links Claroline .............................................. L-18 Gambar L-29 Tampilan Layar Assignment Claroline ............................................................. L-18 Gambar L-30 Tampilan Layar Exercise Claroline .................................................................. L-19 Gambar L-31 Tampilan Layar Learning Path Claroline ......................................................... L-19 Gambar L-32 Struktur Menu Claroline ................................................................................... L-20
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 OPEN SOURCE E-LEARNING SYSTEM: MOODLE ..................................... L-1 Lampiran 2 OPEN SOURCE E-LEARNING SYSTEM: ATUTOR ...................................... L-7 Lampiran 3 OPEN SOURCE E-LEARNING SYSTEM: CLAROLINE ............................... L-15 Lampiran 4 ISTILAH & NODES GAMBAR ......................................................................... L-21 Lampiran 5 DAFTAR WAWANCARA ................................................................................. L-22 Lampiran 6 DAFTAR KUISIONER
.................................................................................... L-23
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