Dia 1
Materiaal en Uitrusting initiator Ski
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Dia 2
Geschiedenis
• Voor verplaatsingen • Rond eeuwwisseling (19de-20ste) ontwikkeling als sport in Noorwegen • Skitoerisme uitgebouwd door de Engelsen in de Alpen.
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Dia 3
Evolutie van de ski • • • • • • • •
Massief hout Eind 19de eeuw: gelamineerd hout 1926: staalkanten (Rudolf Lettner) Na 1945: kunststof belag Midden jaren ‘50: kunststof ski Vanaf jaren ‘60: fiberglas …. Huidig: carbon, titanium, kevlar,…
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Dia 4
Carve-ski • Reeds eind 19de eeuw werd geëxperimenteerd met de ‘sidecut’. • Individuele initiatieven met een getailleerde ski leiden niet tot een doorbraak. • Algemeen toegepast bij het snowboarden. • Sinds eind jaren ‘90 echte carve-ski’s.
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Dia 5
Vorm en afmetingen heup
taille
schouder
• Schouder: breedste deel – vergemakkelijkt het insturen. • Taille: smalste deel – bepaald mee de doorbuiging van de ski. • Heup: iets smaller dan schouder – breder dan taille – bepalend voor het uitsturen.
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Dia 6
Vorm en afmetingen Radius
Bepaald door:
• afmetingen schouder – taille – heup • doorbuiging van ski • lengte van de ski R
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Dia 7
Constructie • •
Bovenkant: harde kunststof Zijkanten: – 1 geheel met bovenkant = capconstructie – Sidewalls = rechopstaande zijkanten – Combinatie van beiden
•
Onderkant: glijvlak / belag uit kunststof – soms met grafiet in verwerkt Staalkanten: lopen gelijk met het belag Kern: kunststof – hout - combinatie
• •
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Dia 8
constructie Capconstructie:
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Dia 9
Constructie Sidewallconstructie:
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Dia 10
Constructie Combinatie cap en sidewalls:
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Dia 11
Eigenschappen Lengtestijfheid: = Buigzaamheid over de lengte-as van de ski
Heeft invloed op: • Stabiliteit van de ski • draaivermogen van de ski • Reactiviteit van de ski • Opvangen van oneffenheden
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Dia 12
Eigenschappen Welving Ontstaat door de voorspanning van de ski. Zo wordt de druk ter hoogte van de binding goed verdeeld over de gehele lengte van de ski.
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Dia 13
Eigenschappen Camber - rocker
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Dia 14
Eigenschappen Voordeel rocker t.o.v. camber: • Draaivriendelijkheid neemt toe vooral interessant voor de lagere skiniveaus • Vergevingsgezinder
• Drijfvermogen neemt toe: interessant voor diepsneeuw!
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Dia 15
Eigenschappen Nadelen rocker t.o.v. camber: • De ski reageert minder snel op de impuls van de skiër. minder interessant voor de hogere niveaus • Minder stabiliteit in de bocht de lengte waarover de ski in de sneeuw grijpt verkleint
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Dia 16
Eigenschappen Torsiestijfheid = stijfheid tegen verdraaiing rond de lengteas van de ski
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Dia 17
Eigenschappen Torsiestijfheid = stijfheid tegen verdraaiing rond de lengteas van de ski
Wordt verkregen door torsiebox in de kern van de ski:
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Dia 18
Eigenschappen Torsiestijfheid • Lage torsiestijfheid: vergevingsgezind – tragere reactie • Hoge torsiestijfheid: snelle reactie – directe controle
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Dia 19
Soorten ski’s • • • • • •
Race: 100% piste (FIS – reglement) Piste: 80% piste / 20% off-piste All Mountain: 50% piste / 50 off-piste Freeride: 20% piste / 80 off-piste Freestyle: twintips(funpark) / buckels Touring: laag gewicht / geschikt voor stijgvellen • Junior: laag gewicht / eenvoudige constructie
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Dia 20
Soorten ski’s Voor beginners • lage lengte- en torsiestijfheid → vergevingsgezind • licht rocker → draaivriendelijk
• niet te brede heup → makkelijk beheersbare (geslipte) stuurfase
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Dia 21
Bindingen Geschiedenis • Vroeger: riempjes – eerst enkel voorkant van de schoen, later ook over de hiel • Jaren ‘50: eerste veiligheidsbinding • Jaren ‘60: instapbindingen met instelbare veer (veiligheidsriempjes) • Jaren ‘70 – ’80: veiligheid neemt toe – stoppers • Jaren ’90 : valpartijen in alle richtingen
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Dia 22
Bindingen Huidig • • • •
Elk skimerk heeft vaste bindingfabrikant. Binding past zich aan de vorm van de schoen. Bevestiging geïntegreerd in de ski. Schoen kan steeds op juiste positie op de ski staan als zowel teen- als hielstuk kunnen verschuiven. • Proberen te zorgen voor maximale doorbuiging van de ski.
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Dia 23
Bindingen Afstellen • Afhankelijk van het gewicht van de skiër, skiniveau, snelheid, merk bindingen • Maatstaf = gewicht van de skiër delen door 10 • Bij goede skiër de veer afstellen op dit cijfer. • Minder gevorderd: lager cijfer • Zeer goede, snelle skiër: met kleine stapjes verhogen.
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Dia 24
Skischoenen Geschiedenis • vroeger: lederen binnen- en buitenschoen met veters • begin ‘50: lederen schoen met ‘schnallen’ • ‘60 – ’70 – ‘80: kunststof schoen met schnallen – schacht wordt hoger • eind ‘80: achterinstapschoen • Eind ’90: schnallenschoen komt terug achterinstapschoen verdwijnt
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Dia 25
Skischoenen Huidig • • • •
Enkel nog schnallenschoen Verschillende soorten kunststof (buitenschoen) Flex – getal: stijfheid (50 – 150) Afstelmogelijkheden: – fijnregeling van de schnallen – Canting (X- of O-benen)
• Verwarmbare binnenschoen voor betere pasvorm • Custom made: Conform’able – Strolz - Surefoot
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Dia 26
Skischoenen Juiste skischoen • Lengte: gestrekte benen → tenen voor tegen enkelflexie → tenen raken niet meer • Breedte: meten • Geen dikke sokken bij het passen! • Juiste flex: afhankelijk van gewicht / skiniveau • Neem je tijd!
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Dia 27
Skistokken • • • • •
Uit aluminium of composietmaterialen Handvat uit kunststof: goede grip! Riempje voor stevige houvast Of kliksysteem (Leki) Lengte wordt bepaald door: – Lichaamslengte – Terrein (bv. kortere stokken voor in buckels) – Stok ondersteboven vastnemen net onder schoteltje → elleboog ongeveer hoek van 90°
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Dia 28
Einde
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