DAFTAR PUSTAKA. 1. Gebreabiezgi Teklebirhan, Adane Bitew. Prevalence of Dermatophytic

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Gebreabiezgi Teklebirhan,

Adane Bitew. Prevalence of Dermatophytic

Infection and the Spectrum of Dermatophytes in Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. International Journal of Microbiology. 2015. 2. Maria da Gloria, Santana GB, Criado PR, et al. Chronic widespread dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum: a syndrome associated with a Trichophyton-specific functional defect of phagocytes. Front Microbiol.2015. 3. Hidayati Afif Nurul, dkk. Mikosis Superfisialis di Divisi Mikologi Unit Rawat Jalan Penyakit Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Tahun 20032005.Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin. 2009. 4. Havlickova Blanka, A.Czaika Victor, Friedrich markus. Epidemiological trends in skin mycoses worldwide. Blackwell publishing Ltd Mycoses. 2008 5. Ilkit M, Durdu M. Tinea pedis: the etiology and global epidemiology of a common fungal infection. Critical Riviews in Microbiology. 2015. 6. Bell-Syer SE, Khan SM. Torgerson DJ. Oral treatments for fungal infections of the skin of the foot. 2012 7. Perdoski. Dermatofitosis Superfisialis. Jakarta: balai penerbit FKUI 2001 8. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1091684-overview#a6 November 2015

46

Akses

29

47

9. Vikas Kumar, Ragini Tilak1, Pradyot Prakash, Chaitanya Nigam, Richa Gupta. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 134-138 Tinea Pedis–an Update 10. http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/allwoman/Myths-surroundingathlete-s-foot-_16490106 Akses 20 Januari 11. Wolff Klaus Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine Seventh Edition Volume Two . New York: Mc Graw Hill Medical,2008. 12. http://www.bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2014/December/docs/BPJ65-tinea-pedis.pdf Akses 30 November 13. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/athletesfoot/basics/definition/con-20014892 Akses 30 November 14. .http://www.dermnetnz.org/fungal/tinea-pedis.html Akses 1Desember 15. Gino A Epidemiology of dermatophytoses: retrospective analysis from 2005 to

2010

and

comparison

with

previous

data

from

1975.

NEWMICROBIOLOGICA, 35, 207-213, 2012 16. Burns Toni, et al. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology Volume 2.Wiley Blackwell ;2012 17. Carlo CJ, Bowe MD. Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s Foot) [pamphlet]. (USA); 2012. 18. http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/17887/5/Chapter%20I.pdf Akses 30 November 19. H.S. Djajoesman. Polisi Lalu Lintas. Jakarta :Dinas Hukum Polri.1976

48

20. W.J.S Poerwadarmita.Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia.Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. 1996 21. Djajusman H.S. Polisi dan Lalu Lintas. Bandung: Mabak. 1976 :8 22. Elder, David. Lever’s Histopathology of The Skin Tenth Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,2009. 23. Wolff, klaus. Fitzpatrick’s Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology Seventh Edition. New York: Mc. Graw Hill,2013 24. Zhou Z, Liu T, Zhang Z. Skin Disease in United Nations Peacekeepers in Lebanon. J. R. Army Med Corps. 2016 25. Baihaqy Muhammad. Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Tinea Pedis pada Pekerja Pabrik Tekstil. Semarang : Universitas Diponegoro; 2014 26. Mustofa Ahmad. Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Pityriasis Versicolor pada Polisi Lalu Lintas Kota Semarang. Semarang : Universitas Diponegoro ; 2014 27. Matricciani Lisa, Jones Sara. Treating Tinea Pedis in Patients with Diabetes. Podiatry Today. 2012

49

Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance

50

Lampiran 2. Informed Consent

51

52

Lampiran 3. Kuesioner penelitian

KUESIONER PENELITIAN HIGIENE PERORANGAN TERHADAP TINEA PEDIS Keterangan Responden 1. Nomor

:

2. Tanggal pemeriksaan

:

3. Petugas pemeriksa

:

Identitas Responden 1. Nama

:

2. Jenis Kelamin

:

3. Umur

:

4. Pangkat

:

5. Satuan Kepolisian

:

6. Mulai bekerja di kepolisian

:

7. Nomer HP

:

8. Apakah anda pernah mendapatkan terapi tinea pedis (kutu air) pada 1 bulan terakhir? a. Ya b. Tidak Petunjuk Pengisian : Berilah tanda silang (X) pada jawaban yang anda pilih I. Kebersian Umum 1. Berapa kali anda mandi setiap harinya?

Skor

a. Dua kali atau lebih

(1)

b. Satu kali

(0)

53

2. Apakah anda mandi selalu memakai sabun mandi? a. Ya

(1)

b. Tidak

(0)

3. Apakah sabun yang anda gunakan adalah sabun antiseptik? a. Ya

(1)

b. Tidak

(0)

4. Bagaimana penggunaan handuk yang anda pakai? a. Digunakan sendiri

(1)

b. Digunakan untuk banyak orang/bergantian

(0)

5. Berapa seringkah anda mengganti handuk anda? a. 3 hari sekali

(1)

b. 5 hari sekali

(0)

6. Apakah anda mencuci kaki dan mengeringkannya setelah beraktivitas? a. Ya

(1)

b. Tidak

(0)

7. Apakah saat mandi anda menggosok dan membersihkan sela-sela jari kaki, tumit, dan area kaki? a. Ya

(1)

b. Tidak

(0)

II. Kebersihan yang terkait pekerjaan 1. Berapa seringkah anda mengganti kaos kaki anda? a. Setiap hari

(1)

b. Dua hari sekali atau lebih

(0)

2. Jika sepatu dan kaos kaki anda tidak langsung dicuci, bagaimanakah anda menyimpan benda tersebut? a. Diletakkan di tempat yang terkena sinar matahari langsung

(1)

b. Diletakkan di tempat yang tidak terkena sinar matahari

(0)

3. Berapa jam dalam sehari anda memakai sepatu? a. Kurang dari 8 jam

(1)

b. Lebih dari 8 jam

(0)

54

III. Durasi mengatur lalu lintas 1. Berapa lama durasi anda mengatur lalu lintas? a. < 4 jam

(1)

b. > 4 jam

(0)

55

Lampiran 4. Hasil Analisis Analisis Univariat 1.

ROC Umur

56

Coordi nates of the Curve Test Result Variable(s): Umur Positiv e if Greater Than a or Equal To 20.00 22.00 25.00 27.50 28.50 29.50 30.50 31.50 32.50 34.00 36.00 38.50 40.50 41.50 43.00 44.50 45.50 47.00 49.00 51.00 52.50 54.00 56.00

Sensitiv ity 1.000 1.000 1.000 .958 .833 .792 .625 .625 .583 .458 .417 .333 .333 .292 .250 .208 .208 .208 .167 .125 .083 .042 .000

1 - Specif icity 1.000 .824 .765 .765 .706 .647 .647 .529 .412 .412 .412 .412 .353 .294 .235 .235 .176 .118 .118 .118 .059 .000 .000

The test result v ariable(s): Umur has at least one tie between t he posit iv e actual state group and t he negat iv e actual state group. a. The smallest cutof f v alue is the minimum observ ed t est v alue minus 1, and the largest cutof f v alue is the maximum observ ed test v alue plus 1. All the other cutof f v alues are t he av erages of two consecutiv e ordered observ ed test v alues.

57

2.

ROC Lama masa bekerja

58

Coordi nates of the Curve Test Result Variable(s): Lama bekerja Positiv e if Greater Than a or Equal To .00 1.50 2.50 6.00 9.50 10.50 11.50 12.50 13.50 15.00 16.50 18.00 19.50 21.00 22.50 23.50 25.00 27.00 28.50 30.50 32.50 33.50 35.00

Sensitiv ity 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 .917 .833 .708 .583 .542 .458 .417 .333 .333 .292 .167 .125 .125 .125 .083 .083 .042 .042 .000

1 - Specif icity 1.000 .882 .824 .765 .706 .647 .588 .471 .412 .412 .412 .412 .294 .294 .294 .294 .235 .118 .118 .059 .059 .000 .000

The test result v ariable(s): Lama bekerja has at least one tie between the posit iv e actual state group and t he negativ e actual state group. a. The smallest cutof f v alue is the minimum observ ed t est v alue minus 1, and the largest cutof f v alue is the maximum observ ed test v alue plus 1. All the other cutof f v alues are t he av erages of two consecutiv e ordered observ ed test v alues.

59

3.

ROC Higiene

Coordi nates of the Curve Test Result Variable(s): HIgiena Positiv e if Greater Than a or Equal To 2.00 3.50 4.50 5.50 6.50 7.50 8.50 9.50 11.00

Sensitiv ity 1.000 .958 .958 .917 .833 .583 .333 .125 .000

1 - Specif icity 1.000 1.000 .882 .824 .647 .294 .176 .000 .000

The test result v ariable(s): HIgiena has at least one tie between t he posit iv e actual state group and t he negat iv e actual state group. a. The smallest cutof f v alue is the minimum observ ed t est v alue minus 1, and the largest cutof f v alue is the maximum observ ed test v alue plus 1. All the other cutof f v alues are t he av erages of two consecutiv e ordered observ ed test v alues.

60

Analisis Bivariat 1. Kategori Lama bekerja Crosstab

Lama bekerja

<6

>= 6

Total

Count Expected Count % wit hin Tinea pedis Count Expected Count % wit hin Tinea pedis Count Expected Count % wit hin Tinea pedis

Tinea pedis positif negatif 4 0 1.7 2.3 23.5% .0% 13 24 15.3 21.7 76.5% 100.0% 17 24 17.0 24.0 100.0% 100.0%

Total 4 4.0 9.8% 37 37.0 90.2% 41 41.0 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correctiona Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by -Linear Association N of Valid Cases

Value 6.258b 3.870 7.664

df 1 1 1

6.105

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .012 .049 .006

1

Exact Sig. (2-sided)


.024

.024

.013

41

a. Computed only f or a 2x2 table b. 2 cells (50.0%) hav e expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1. 66.

Risk Estimate

Value For cohort Tinea pedis = positif N of Valid Cases

2.846 41

95% Conf idence Interv al Lower Upper 1.837

4.410

61

2. Kategori durasi mengatur lalu lintas Crosstab

Durasi mengatur lalu lintas

< 4 jam

>= 4 jam

Total


Tinea pedis positif negatif 10 11 8.7 12.3 58.8% 45.8% 7 13 8.3 11.7 41.2% 54.2% 17 24 17.0 24.0 100.0% 100.0%

Total 21 21.0 51.2% 20 20.0 48.8% 41 41.0 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests Value .672b .253 .675


.656

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .412 .615 .411



.530

.308

.418

41

a. Computed only f or a 2x2 table b. 0 cells (.0%) hav e expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 8. 29.

Risk Esti mate

Value Odds Rat io f or Durasi mengatur lalu lintas (< 4 jam / >= 4 jam) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

3. Kategori higiena

95% Conf idence Interv al Lower Upper

1.688

.481

5.929

1.361

.645

2.871

.806

.479

1.355

41

62

Crosstab

HIgiena

< 7,5

>= 7,5

Total

Tinea pedis positif negatif 12 10 9.1 12.9 70.6% 41.7% 5 14 7.9 11.1 29.4% 58.3% 17 24 17.0 24.0 100.0% 100.0%


Total 22 22.0 53.7% 19 19.0 46.3% 41 41.0 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value 3.347b 2.285 3.420

3.266

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .067 .131 .064



.112

.065

.071

41


63

Risk Esti mate 95% Conf idence Interv al Lower Upper

Value Odds Rat io f or HIgiena (< 7,5 / >= 7,5) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

3.360

.896

12.600

2.073

.892

4.818

.617

.363

1.049

41

Kategori penggunaan sabun anti septik

Crosstab

sabun antiseptik

Tidak Ya

Total

Count % wit hin Tinea pedis Count % wit hin Tinea pedis Count % wit hin Tinea pedis

Tinea pedis positif negatif 8 2 47.1% 8.3% 9 22 52.9% 91.7% 17 24 100.0% 100.0%

Total 10 24.4% 31 75.6% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value 8.092b 6.129 8.278

7.895

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .004 .013 .004



.008

.007

.005

41


64


Value Odds Rat io f or sabun antiseptik (Tidak / Ya) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

9.778

1.729

55.304

2.756

1.465

5.182

.282

.080

.993

41

Kategori penggunaan handuk Crosstab

pemggunaan handuk

digunakan bany ak orang digunakan sendiri

Total


Tinea pedis positif negatif 2 0 11.8% .0% 15 24 88.2% 100.0% 17 24 100.0% 100.0%

Total 2 4.9% 39 95.1% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value 2.968b .974 3.667

2.896

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .085 .324 .055



.166

.166

.089

41

a. Computed only f or a 2x2 table b. 2 cells (50.0%) hav e expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is . 83.

65

Risk Estimate 95% Conf idence Interv al Lower Upper

Value For cohort Tinea pedis = positif N of Valid Cases

2.600

1.748

3.867

41

Kategori frekuensi mengganti handuk Crosstab

mengganti handuk

5 hari sekali 3 hari sekali

Total



Total 19 46.3% 22 53.7% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value .509b .156 .509

.496

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .476 .693 .476



.537

.346

.481

41


66


Value Odds Rat io f or mengganti handuk (5 hari sekali / 3 hari sekali) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

1.575

.451

5.504

1.303

.629

2.698

.827

.486

1.406

41

Kategori mencuci kaki setelah aktivitas

Crosstab

mencuci kaki

Tidak Ya

Total



Total 9 22.0% 32 78.0% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value .314b .031 .320

.306

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .575 .859 .572



.711

.435

.580

41


67


Value Odds Rat io f or mencuci kaki (Tidak / Y a) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

.643

.136

3.035

.762

.279

2.079

1.185

.681

2.062

41

Kategori menggosok dan membersihkan daerah kaki Crosstab

membersihkan daerah kaki

Tidak Ya

Total



Total 6 14.6% 35 85.4% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value .211b .000 .208

.206

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .646 .991 .648



.679

.488

.650

41


68


Value Odds Rat io f or membersihkan daerah kaki (Tidak / Y a) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

1.500

.264

8.523

1.250

.510

3.066

.833

.358

1.939

41

Kategori mengganti kaos kaki Crosstab

f rekuensi ganti kaos kaki

2 hari sekali atau lebih setiap hari

Total



Total 21 51.2% 20 48.8% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value 2.114b 1.293 2.138

2.063

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .146 .256 .144



.208

.128

.151

41


69


Value Odds Rat io f or f rekuensi ganti kaos kaki (2 hari sekali atau lebih / setiap hari) For cohort Tinea pedis = positif For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

2.567

.711

9.266

1.746

.797

3.824

.680

.399

1.159

41

Kategori penyimpanan sepatu Crosstab

peny impanan sepatu

tidak terkena sinar matahari


terkena sinar matahari Total


Total 16 39.0% 25 61.0% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value 1.128b .543 1.145

1.100

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .288 .461 .285



.344

.232

.294

41


70


Value Odds Rat io f or peny impanan sepatu (tidak terkena sinar matahari / t erkena sinar matahari) For cohort Tinea pedis = posit if For cohort Tinea pedis = negatif N of Valid Cases

.492

.132

1.837

.651

.283

1.498

1.322

.801

2.182

41

Kategori lama memakai sepatu Crosstab

lama memakai sepatu

> 8 jam < 8 jam

Total

Tinea pedis positif negatif 17 21 100.0% 87.5% 0 3 .0% 12.5% 17 24 100.0% 100.0%


Total 38 92.7% 3 7.3% 41 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests


Value 2.293b .820 3.380

2.237

df 1 1 1

1

Asy mp. Sig. (2-sided) .130 .365 .066



.254

.190

.135

41


71

Risk Estimate

Value For cohort Tinea pedis = negat if N of Valid Cases

.553 41

95% Conf idence Interv al Lower Upper .415

.736

72

Lampiran 5. Dokumentasi penelitian

73

Lampiran 6 BIODATA MAHASISWA

Nama

: Astri N Napitupulu

NIM

: 22010112120018

Tempat/tanggal lahir : 25 Desember 1993 Jenis kelamin

: Perempuan

Alamat

: Jl. Timoho Barat I No 10A Semarang

No. HP

: 085361178522

E-mail

: [email protected]

Riwayat Pendidikan Formal 1. SD

: SD Sanfrancesco Balige

2. SMP

: SMP Budhi Dharma Balige Lulus tahun : 2009

3. SMA

: SMAN 2 Balige

4. FK Universitas Diponegoro

Lulus tahun : 2006

Lulus tahun : 2012 Masuk tahun : 2012

DAFTAR PUSTAKA. 1. Gebreabiezgi Teklebirhan, Adane Bitew. Prevalence of Dermatophytic

Recommend Documents