CZECH CREDIT BUREAU NEITHER A BORROWER NOR A LENDER BE!
MATERIÁLY PRO UČITELE
My name is Peter Kučera. I’m the managing director of the Czech Credit Bureau. We are basically operator of two major credit registries in the Czech Republic – of the Banking Credit Bureau and the Non-banking Credit Bureau. I guess I should explain what a credit bureau is because it’s not a commonly known term. It is basically a registry database that contains data on all clients who can be either physical individuals and entrepreneurs or companies who ever entered into obtaining a loan application. So this shared database contains at the moment about six million people from the Czech Republic, about 150 000 entrepreneurs and businesses. And we record in this database the full credit repayment, the full credit history of the people when they were repaying their loan. The database basically operates in a way that all the member institutions which are banks, leasing companies, sales finance companies - type Home Credit, Cetelem etc. Before they would give a loan to a new applicant, they would send an inquiry into this database and verify what has been the history of repayment of this particular person or company. They do it because they want to see what has been the credit risk assessed with this person so that they could either accept or reject the loan application or they could perhaps apply the right interest rate to this loan application. Since our bureaus represent majority of the financial market, we have, for the record, 50 members in the two credit bureaus, we have 25 banks and 25 leasing and sales finance companies. We can say that we basically monitor the trends of the credit defaults in the Czech Republic. The default, I should explain, is a matrix which explains the percentage of clients which are in past default, in past payment due over 90 days. So they were supposed to pay on a certain date and they didn’t pay for more than 90 days. So the statistic for the Czech market as we can see it in our credit bureau database ranges between 5-7% at the moment. Of course, we’ve been seeing some worsening over the past couple of crisis years, but I should say that the situation is quite healthy at the moment, the credit exposure is not terribly high and if we compare our statistics with some western European countries, I think the Czech population is still in a quite healthy state. The Czech consumers have more assets or more money deposited in the bank accounts than what they have loaned from the banks. So this is one of the statistics of the few countries in Europe. The credit registries are basically a closed user group where only those who are reporting data on people are also members and they can also access this information. So the credit bureaus by default are not open to the public or open to other businesses. For this reason we have basically opened a branch of our company which is focussing on business information. We collect data from about 40 public data sources in the Czech Republic. We collect data on every single company that is registered in the Czech Republic and we put this into a huge database that we call Cribis.cz. It’s a public portal where everyone can access and every company that has a need to verify the financial stability of their business partners or if they are prospecting or looking for a new business partner, they are open to verify the creditworthiness of this company or the financial stability and they can obtain some services from this Cribis portal. They could either download a report on the company where they could see the detailed financial statements, financial ratios calculated, probability of default in the future, probability of bankruptcy of the company, for example. They could also see the economic links of this company where, for example, not the company itself is in troubles but the shareholders of the company might be in financial troubles so later on, it might actually affect the company itself or another service, which is very commonly used, is a monitoring service. That’s for companies that have a high number of business partners and they are basically only recording information that have changed in their portfolio. So we monitor every single company on a daily basis and we send by e-mail every day a monitoring alert.
Jmenuji se Petr Kučera. Jsem generálním ředitelem firmy Czech Credit Bureau. Jsme v podstatě provozovatelem dvou velkých registrů úvěrů v České republice – bankovního a nebankovního registru úvěrů. Myslím, že bych měl vysvětlit, co znamená úvěrový registr, protože to není běžně známé sousloví. Je to v podstatě databáze, která obsahuje data o klientech, fyzických osobách, podnikatelích nebo firmách, které požádaly o úvěr. Tato sdílená databáze momentálně obsahuje šest milionů lidí z ČR, asi 150 000 podnikatelů a firem. V této databázi zaznamenáváme celé splácení úvěru, celou úvěrovou historii lidí, kteří spláceli úvěr. Databáze funguje tak, že všechny členské instituce, což jsou banky leasingové společnosti, úvěrové společnosti typu Home Credit, Cetelem atd. Než schválí úvěr novému žadateli, zašlou dotaz do databáze a ověří si, jaká byla historie splácení konkrétní osoby či firmy. Dělají to, protože chtějí vidět hodnocení úvěrového rizika u dané osoby, aby mohli půjčku buď schválit, nebo odmítnout a stanovit správnou úrokovou sazbu k dané žádosti o úvěr. Protože naše společnost reprezentuje většinu finančního trhu, máme, pro přesnost, 50 členů ve dvou úvěrových registrech. Máme 25 bank a 25 leasingových a úvěrových společností. Dá se říct, že v podstatě monitorujeme trendy v platební neschopnosti v ČR. Měl bych vysvětlit, že platební neschopnost reprezentuje procento klientů, kteří se v minulosti dostali do situace, kde nebyli schopni po více než 90 dní splácet úvěr. Měli tedy zaplatit k určitému datu a po dalších 90 dní tak neučinili. Statistika pro ČR, jak ji vidíme v našem registru, se momentálně pohybuje v pásmu 5-7%. Samozřejmě jsem v posledních krizových letech zaznamenali zhoršení situace, ale ta je v současné době, měl bych říct, docela zdravá, riziko nesplácení není hrozně vysoké a ve srovnání se statistikami některých západoevropských zemí se domnívám, že populace v ČR je v tomto ohledu docela zdravá. Čeští spotřebitelé mají stále více aktiv nebo uložených peněz na účtech než úvěrů od bank. Takovou statistiku má jen málo evropských zemí. Úvěrový rejstřík je v podstatě uzavřená skupina uživatelů, kde jen ti, kteří dodávají data o lidech, jsou také členy a mají k informacím přístup. Takže tyto rejstříky už z definice nejsou přístupné pro veřejnost či firmy. Z tohoto důvodu jsme otevřeli pobočku firmy, která se soustředí na informace o firmách. Sbíráme data z asi 40 veřejných zdrojů v ČR. Sbíráme data o každé firmě registrované v ČR a tato data umísťujeme do obří databáze, která se jmenuje Cribis.cz. jedná se o veřejný portál, kam může kdokoli a každá firma, která má potřebu ověřit si finanční stabilitu svého obchodního partnera, nebo když hledá nového obchodního partnera, si může ověřit úvěrovou nebo finanční spolehlivost dané firmy, nebo získat na Cribis.cz další služby. Mohou si stáhnout zprávu o dané firmě, kde se dočtou detaily z finančního výkazu, finanční propočty a pravděpodobnost platební neschopnosti a bankrotu do budoucna. Vidí zde i ekonomické vazby firem, které, ač samy nejsou v potížích, mají akcionáře, kteří ve finančních obtížích mohou být a mohou v budoucnu firmu negativně ovlivnit. Další velmi populární služba je monitoring. To platí o firmách s velkým počtem obchodních partnerů. Tato služba zaznamenává změny v jejich portfoliích. Takže my každý den monitorujeme všechny firmy a denně zasíláme jako výsledek monitoringu emailem upozornění.
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EXERCISE 1 Discuss and share your answers to the following questions: 1. Have you ever borrowed money? What did you need it for? 2. What do you think is more risky – to borrow or to lend money? Why? 3. When would you lend money to someone? 4. Did you ever lend money to someone who didn’t pay you back? How did you react?
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EXERCISE 2 Are these statements TRUE or FALSE? 1. The CCB company basically offers a database of credit history of people and companies. 2. Anybody can be a user of the credit history database. 3. The main reason why financial institutions use the CCB database is to assess the potential credit risk. 4. The CCB company also runs Cribis.cz which is accessible to the public. 5. The speaker thinks that Czech citizens are in a relatively good financial situation. 6. You cannot find at Cribis.cz data about shareholders of certain companies. 7. The CCB company gets data from secret sources.
EXCERCISE 3 Listen and fill in the missing text. 1. I’m the managing director of the Czech Credit Bureau. We are basically operator of two major credit registries in the Czech republic – of the Banking Credit Bureau and the Non-banking Credit Bureau. 2. … physical individuals and entrepreneurs or companies who ever entered into obtaining a loan application. 3. And we record in this database the full credit repayment, the full credit history of the people when they were repaying their loan. The database basically operates in a way that all the member institutions which are banks, leasing companies, sales finance companies - type Home Credit, Cetelem, etc. 4. We can say that we basically monitor the trends of the credit defaults in the Czech republic. 5. The Czech consumers have more assets or more money deposited in the bank accounts than what they have loan from the banks. 6. It’s a public portal where everyone can access and every company that has a need to verify the financial stability of their business partners or if they are prospecting or looking for a new business partner, they are open to verify the creditworthiness of this company… 7. They could also see the economic links of this company where, for example, not the company itself is in troubles but the shareholders of the company might be in financial troubles so later on, it might actually affect the company itself…
EXERCISE 4 Match the following English expressions with their Czech equivalent. 1. CREDITWORTHINESS
A) REJSTŘÍK
8. REGISTRY
H) VAZBA
2. VERIFY
B) GENERÁLNÍ ŘEDITEL
9. LINK
I) ÚVĚROVÁ SPOLEHLIVOST
3. LOAN
C) ŽÁDOST
10. MANAGING DIRECTOR
J) PODNIKATEL
4. ENTREPRENEUR
D) SPLÁCENÍ
11. APPLICATION
K) PŮJČKA
5. DEFAULT
E) ÚVĚROVÁ SPOLEČNOST
12. REPAYMENT
L) PLATEBNÍ NESCHOPNOST
6. AFFECT
F) OVLIVNIT
13. SALES FINANCE COMPANY
M) OVĚŘIT
7. SHAREHOLDER
G) AKTIVA
14. ASSETS
N) AKCIONÁŘ
PHRASE BOOK Use the vocabulary list above to develop questions you could ask the Manager in a mock interview. With a partner, take turns being the Manager. Role play asking and answering your questions. AFFECT
A response that is emotionally-based and differentiated from effect.
APPLICATION
A review process with a standardized form to be completed with relevant personal, educational, and/or financial information. Can involve personal interview as well.
CREDITWORTHINESS
The degree to which character, assets, and income qualify a person for a loan.
ENTREPRENEUR
A person who is responsible for the idea and concept of a business initiative using capital investments.
SHAREHOLDER
Person who has invested income in a company and who is given an equivelent percentage ownership or number of shares of stock with which they may use directly to participate in decision-making processes or sell.
EXERCISE 5 ROLEPLAY Work in small groups. Imagine you are a team of scriptwriters who have 5 minutes to create a comedy sketch called A CRAZY LOAN APPLICANT. It should be a dialogue between a serious bank manager and an insane entrepreneur. What questions would the bank manager ask? Select a pair of people from each group to perform the dialogue in front of your classmates. Than take a vote to choose the funniest dialogue!
EXERCISE 6 Answer the following questions. 1. The speaker in the video said: ” So they were supposed to pay on a certain date and they didn’t pay for more than 90 days.” Does the underlined phrase mean that A) There was a possibility to pay. B) There was an obligation to pay. C) There was no need to pay. 2. Translate the following sentences. A) Měli jste mě o tom informovat dříve. B) Neměl jsi nic rozhodovat sám. C) Měla přijet už včera. D) Neměl jsi to kupovat bez mého svolení. 3. Is it possible to translate sentences in Exercise 3 using SHOULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE? If so, try it. 4. Think of four things you were supposed to do and write sentences about them. Then, try to rewrite them using SHOULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE.
WHILE YOU WATCH EXERCISE 2 1. TRUE, 2. FALSE, 3. TRUE, 4. TRUE, 5. TRUE, 6. FALSE, 7. FALSE
WHILE YOU WATCH EXERCISE 3 1. I’m the managing director of the Czech Credit Bureau. We are basically operator of two major credit registries in the Czech republic – of the Banking Credit Bureau and the Non-banking Credit Bureau. 2. … physical individuals and entrepreneurs or companies who ever entered into obtaining a loan application. 3. And we record in this database the full credit repayment, the full credit history of the people when they were repaying their loan. The database basically operates in a way that all the member institutions which are banks, leasing companies, sales finance companies - type Home Credit, Cetelem etc. 4. We can say that we basically monitor the trends of the credit defaults in the Czech republic. 5. The Czech consumers have more assets or more money deposited in the bank accounts than what they have loan from the banks. 6. It’s a public portal where everyone can access and every company that has a need to verify the financial stability of their business partners or if they are prospecting or looking for a new business partner, they are open to verify the creditworthiness of this company… 7. They could also see the economic links of this company where, for example, not the company itself is in troubles but the shareholders of the company might be in financial troubles so later on, it might actually affect the company itself…
AFTER YOU WATCH EXERCISE 4 1I,2M,3K,4J,5L,6F,7N,8A,9H,10B,11C,12D,13E,14G
AFTER YOU WATCH EXERCISE 6 1. B 2. A) You were supposed to inform me earlier. B) You were not supposed to decide about anything on your own. C) She was supposed to come yesterday. D) You were not supposed to buy it without my permission. 3. A) You should have informed me earlier. B) You shouldn‘t have decided about anything on your own. C) She should have come yesterday. D) You shouldn‘t have bought it without my permission.
