THE ITEM ANALYSIS OF TEACHER-MADE TEST OF ENGLISH FINAL EXAMINATION TEST AT EVEN SEMESTER OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 2 BAE KUDUS IN 2013/2014 ACADEMIC YEAR
By SRI RAHAYU NINGSIH NIM 200932007
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2016
i
ii
THE ITEM ANALYSIS OF TEACHER-MADE TEST OF ENGLISHFINAL EXAMINATION TEST AT EVEN SEMESTER OF THE ELEVENTH GRADESTUDENTS OF SMA 2 BAE KUDUS IN 2013/2014 ACADEMIC YEAR
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education
By : SRI RAHAYU NINGSIH NIM 200932007
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUSUNIVERSITY 2016 iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO: Life is a gift, how you decide to live it, is your gift to yourself. Nothing is impossible, because “Impossible” means “I’m Possible”.
DEDICATION: To my beloved parents, Mr. Bambang Sukarno & Mrs. Sukaeti my beloved sisters, Ani Setiyowati and Ana Yuyun Triyani and my past brother M. Noor Adzim.
iv
v
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, the writer would like to extend gratitude to the Almighty Allah SWT, the Lord of the universe, for blessing every time, so this final project can be finished. Secondly, the writer does not forget to always say Sholawat and Salam to the best human in the world and here after Muhammad SAW who has opened the dark covering this world. In this occasion, the writer would like to deliver sincerest gratitude to the following people: 1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty who has given the smooth way to finish and compile this study. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the head of English Education Department. 3. Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the writer’s first advisor who has already approved this research and given a lot of guidance and suggestion in the completion of this study. 4. Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd as the writer’s second advisor who has patiently and kindly given valuable and continuous guidance, advice, as well as encouragement in making and completing this Skripsi. 5. All of lecturers and students of English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty and who help writer in finishing this research. 6. Mr. Saiful Bakri, S. Pd, M. Pd as the principal of SMA N 2 Bae Kudus for his permission and helps.
vii
7. Mrs. Budi Suryani, S. Pd and Mrs. H. Siti Zaenab, S. Pd, who always give support, motivation, and inspiration. 8. Writer’s beloved parents, Mr. Bambang Sukarno and Mrs. Sukaeti, who always give love, pray, support and do the best for writer. 9. Writer’s sister, Ani Setiyowati and Ana Yuyun Triyani who always be friend when writer needs. 10. Writer’s close friends; Anjar Sari Putri, M Nuur Ainun Azam, Pujiono, Hari Imawan, and Bagus Arif Hidayatullah who have always given writer care, support, motivation, suggestion, advises, spirit and inspiration in all the whole time in the compiling this skripsi. There is no the greatest obstacle in writing this skripsi than avoiding the temptation of being perfect. Therefore, suggestion from the reader will be fully appreciated and always awaited. The writer expects that this skripsi will be useful for those, especially who are in the field of education.
Kudus,
viii
2016
ABSTRACT Ningsih, Sri Rahayu. 2016. Item Analysis of Teacher-Made Test of EnglishFinal Examination Test at Even Semester of The Eleventh GradeStudents of SMA 2 Bae KudusIn 2013/2014 Academic Year. Skripsi: English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (1) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd, (2) Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd Keyword: English Final Examination, Characteristic of good test, Item Analysis Teaching English as a subject in a school also cannot be separated from evaluation process. One of instrument often used by teacher in evaluation process is a test. A test is a method of measuring a person’s ability, knowledge, or performance in a given domain. there are several test types, and English final examination test is one of them. An English final examination test usually made and prepared by one of classroom teacher and administered in the end of semester. So, the English final examination must have a characteristic of good test. The objectives of the research are (1) To describe the validity of the teacher-made test of English final examination test of eleventh grade students in even semester of SMA 2 Bae Kudus in 2013/2014 academicyear (2) To describe the reliability of the teacher-made test of English final examination test of eleventh grade students in even semester of SMA 2 Bae Kudus in 2013/2014 academicyear. (3) To describethe item difficulty of the teacher-made test of English final examination test of eleventh grade students in even semester of SMA 2 Bae Kudus in 2013/2014 academicyear. (4) To describethe discriminating power of the teacher-made test of English final examination test of eleventh grade students in even semester of SMA 2 Bae Kudus in 2013/2014 academicyear. (5) To describethe item difficulty of the teacher-made test of English final examination test of eleventh grade students in even semester of SMA 2 Bae Kudus in 2013/2014 academicyear. This research is mix-method research. The data are validity, reliability, item difficulty, discriminating power, and distractor effectiveness of final examination item of eleventh grade of SMA 2 Bae kudus in 2013/2014 academic year. The data source are English final examination items, student’s answer sheet of XI IPA 4, syllabus, list of test score of SMA 2 Bae kudus in 2013/2014 academic year. The results of this research are the validity has a good face, good content although some item uncovered, good construct validity although there are some item must be revised, and sufficient empirical validity. The reliability is reliable. Item difficulty is easy and the composition must be revised. More than a half items has discriminating power that is not discriminate. And most items only have one effectiveness of distracter so some options should be revised. Based on the result of the research above, it is expected that teacher must consider validity, reliability, discriminating power, item difficulty and effectiveness of distracters in constructing a good test.
ix
ABSTRAKSI Ningsih, Sri Rahayu. 2016. Item Analysis of Teacher-Made Test of EnglishFinal Examination Test at Even Semester of The Eleventh GradeStudents of SMA 2 Bae KudusIn 2013/2014 Academic Year. Skripsi.Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd, (2) Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd Kata Kunci: Bahasa Inggris Ujian Akhir, Karakteristik tes yang baik, Butir Analisis Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris sebagai subjek di sekolah juga tidak dapat dipisahkan dari proses evaluasi. Salah satu instrumen yang sering digunakan oleh guru dalam proses evaluasi adalah ujian. Sebuah tes adalah metode mengukur kemampuan seseorang, pengetahuan, atau kinerja dalam domain tertentu. ada beberapa jenis tes, dan Inggris tes ujian akhir adalah salah satu dari mereka. Tes ujian akhir bahasa Inggris biasanya dibuat dan disiapkan oleh salah satu guru kelas dan diberikan pada akhir semester. Jadi, ujian akhir bahasa Inggris harus memiliki karakteristik tes yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan validitas tes buatan guru tes ujian akhir bahasa Inggris siswa kelas XI di semester genap SMA 2 Bae Kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014 (2) Untuk menggambarkan keandalan tes buatan guru tes ujian akhir bahasa Inggris siswa kelas XI di semester genap SMA 2 Bae Kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014. (3) Untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan item tes buatan guru tes ujian akhir bahasa Inggris siswa kelas XI di semester genap SMA 2 Bae Kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014. (4) Untuk menggambarkan kekuatan diskriminatif dari tes buatan guru pada tes ujian akhir bahasa Inggris siswa kelas XI di semester genap SMA 2 Bae Kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014. (5) Untuk menggambarkan kesulitan item tes buatan guru tes ujian akhir bahasa Inggris siswa kelas XI di semester genap SMA 2 Bae Kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian metode campuran. Data yang validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesulitan butir soal, daya diskriminasi, dan efektivitas distraktor item ujian akhir dari kelas XI SMA 2 Bae kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014. Sumber data English item ujian akhir, lembar jawaban siswa XI IPA 4, silabus, daftar nilai ujian dari SMA 2 Bae kudus di tahun akademik 2013/2014. Hasil penelitian ini memiliki face validity yang baik, konten yang baik meskipun beberapa item yang ditemukan, validitas konstruksi yang baik meskipun ada beberapa item yang harus direvisi, dan validitas empiris yang cukup. Keandalan diandalkan. Item kesulitan mudah dan komposisi harus direvisi. Lebih dari setengah item memiliki kekuatan diskriminatif yang tidak membeda-bedakan. Dan sebagian besar item hanya memiliki satu efektivitas Distracter sehingga beberapa opsi ada yang harus direvisi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas diharapkan guru harus mempertimbangkan validitas, reliabilitas, daya diskriminasi, tingkat kesulitan dan efektivitas distracters dalam membuat tes yang baik.
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ........................................................................................................... i LOGO .............................................................................................................. ii TITLE ............................................................................................................. iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... iv ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ v EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ......................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... ix ABSTRAKSI................................................................................................... x TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xvi LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................... xvii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1
Background of the Research ................................................................
1
1.2
Statement of the Problem .....................................................................
4
1.3
Objective of the Research ....................................................................
5
1.4
Significance of the Research ................................................................
5
1.5
Scope of the Research ..........................................................................
6
1.6
Operational Definition .........................................................................
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1
Evaluation ...........................................................................................
8
2.2
Test ......................................................................................................
9
2.3
Type of Test ........................................................................................
9
2.4
Type of Test Item .................................................................................
12
2.5
Multiple-choice Test Item ....................................................................
13
xi
2.5.1 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Multiple-Choice Items .
13
2.5.2 Suggestion for Writing Multiple-Choice Items ..........................
15
Characteristics of a Good Test ............................................................
16
2.6.1 Validity .......................................................................................
16
2.6.2 Reliability ...................................................................................
18
Item Analysis .......................................................................................
19
2.7.1 Item Difficulty ............................................................................
19
2.7.2 Item Discrimination ....................................................................
20
2.7.3 Effectiveness of the Distractor ...................................................
20
2.8
Review of Previous Research ...............................................................
21
2.9
Theoretical Framewok ..........................................................................
22
2.6
2.7
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1.
Design of the Research.........................................................................
24
3.2.
Data and Data Source ..........................................................................
25
3.3.
Data Collection.....................................................................................
25
3.4.
Data Analysis ......................................................................................
26
3.4.1 Analysis of Validity ...................................................................
26
3.4.2 Analysis of Reliability ................................................................
30
3.4.3 Analysis of Item Difficulty ........................................................
31
3.4.4 Analysis of Item Discrimination ................................................
31
3.4.5 Analysis of Distractor Effectiveness ..........................................
32
xii
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1
The analysis of Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................ 34 4.1.1 Face Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 34 4.1.2 Content Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 35 4.1.3 Construct Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 37 4.1.4 Empirical Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 38
4.2
The analysis of Reliability of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................ 40
4.3
The analysis of Item Difficulty of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................ 40
4.4
The analysis of Discriminating Power of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 41
4.5
The analysis of Distractor Effectiveness of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 42
xiii
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1
The analysis of Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................ 48 5.1.1 Face Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 48 5.1.2 Content Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 50 5.1.3 Contruct Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 51 5.1.4 Empirical Validity of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ................................................................................... 52
5.2
The analysis of Reliability of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................ 53
5.3
The analysis of Item Difficulty of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................ 54
5.4
The analysis of Discriminating Power of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 55
5.5
The analysis of Distractor Effectiveness of Teacher-Made Test of English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014 56
xiv
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1
Conclusion ..............................................................................................
60
6.2
Suggestion ...............................................................................................
62
BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 63 APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 65 STATEMENT................................................................................................. 129 CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................ 130
xv
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
3.1
Table of Analyzing the Content Validity .............................................
27
3.2
Table of Analyzing the Construct Validity ..........................................
28
3.3
Table of Classification F.V ..................................................................
31
3.4
Table of Classification Discriminating Power .....................................
32
3.5
Table of Analyzing Effectiveness of Distractor ...................................
33
4.1
The Analysis of face Validity ..............................................................
35
4.2
Content Validity of English Final Examination Test ...........................
36
4.3
Construct Validity of English Final Examination Test ........................
37
4.4
Empirical Validity of English Final Examination Test ........................
39
4.5
The Analysis of Item Difficulty ...........................................................
41
4.6
The analysis of Item Discrimination ....................................................
41
4.7
The Analysis of Distractor Effectiveness .............................................
42
xvi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
1. The Analysis of face Validity .................................................................
65
2. The Analysis of Content Validity ...........................................................
66
3. The Analysis of Construct Validity ........................................................
70
4. R Product Moment Table ........................................................................
75
5. The Analysis of Empirical Validity and Reliability ................................
76
6. The Calculation of Reliability .................................................................
82
7. The Analysis of Item Difficulty and Item Discrimination ......................
83
8. The Analysis of Distractor Effectiveness ................................................
96
9. The Syllabus of SMA N 2 BAE KUDUS ..............................................
101
10. The English Final Examination Test of the Eleventh Grade Students at Even Semester at SMA 2 Bae Kudus in the Academic Year 2013/2014
107
11. Student’s answer sheets...........................................................................
117
12. SK Penetapan Pembimbing Skripsi ........................................................
122
13. Research Permission Letter .....................................................................
123
14. Research Decision Letter ........................................................................
124
15. Berita Acara bimbingan ..........................................................................
125
16. Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan ...............................................................
127
17. Permohonan ujian Skripsi .......................................................................
128
xvii
