THE CORRELATION BETWEEN READING ABILITY AND TOEFL SCORE OF THE ODD SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
By SRI RAHAYU WAHYUNINGSIH NIM 200832066
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2014
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THE CORRELATION BETWEEN READING ABILITY AND TOEFL SCORE OF THE ODD SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in the Department of English Education
By SRI RAHAYU WAHYUNINGSIH NIM 200832066
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2014 iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO Life for today! Life in love! Be better, be positive thinking, everyday is a new day. Love what you do and do what you love. You can when you believe. Follow your dream, follow your passion.
DEDICATION This skripsi is dedicated to: Her beloved parents (Mr. Rozaq Rozikan and Mrs. Sukewi) who always give spirit in her life. Her sisters, Intan Pratiwi and Rossa Silvia Ananda who always support her. Her big family. Her dearest, Aris Kurniawan. The closest people in her life.
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Sri Rahayu Wahyuningsih (2008-32-066) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus, May 2014 Advisor I
Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001201
Kudus, May 2014 Advisor II
Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd NIS. 0610713020001020
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd NIS. 19621219 198703 1 001
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Sri Rahayu Wahyuningsih (2008-32-066) has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English Education
Kudus, June 2014 Skripsi Examining Committee:
Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001201
, Chairperson
Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd NIS. 0610713020001020
, Member
Dra. Sri Endang K, M.Pd NIS. 0610713020001009
, Member
Farid Noor Romadlon, S.Pd, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001227
, Member
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd NIP. 19621219 198703 1 001
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, Praise to Allah. The writer would like to thank Allah which gave her the chance and help for her to finish this Skripsi entitled “The Correlation between Reading Ability and TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014”. The writer would like to address her sincere thanks to: 1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department. 3. Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd as the first advisor who had guided and given some advices to the writer in finishing this skripsi accurately and patiently. 4. Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd as the second advisor, who had guided and given some advices to the writer in finishing this skripsi wisely and patiently. 5. Ratna Yulia Wijayanti, SE, MM as the head of UPT BAHASA Muria Kudus University who had given permission and supported to the writer during this research. 6. Ratna Oktaviana as a staff of UPT BAHASA Muria Kudus University who had given a helping hand and information to the writer during this research. 7. All of the odd semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in academic year 2013/2014 who took Ketrampilan Wajib Bahasa Inggris in UPT BAHASA Muria Kudus University for their participation and consent. vii
8. All lecturers and staffs of English Education Department who had given worthy knowledge and support to the writer. 9. The librarian of Muria Kudus University for helping in obtaining the required references. 10. The writer’s family, her beloved parents (Mr. Rozaq Rozikan and Mrs. Sukewi) for their encouragement and prayers, her sisters Intan Pratiwi and Rossa Silvia Ananda for support and prayers, her big family members for the support, and her dearest Aris Kurniawan for support, advice, love and the togetherness in happiness and sadness. 11. The writer’s friends who helped her to finish this skripsi. The writer realized that this skripsi need to be developed. Therefore, the writer receives any constructive criticism, and suggestion with pleasure.
Kudus, May 2014 The writer,
Sri Rahayu Wahyuningsih (200832066)
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ABSTRACT Wahyuningsih, Sri Rahayu. 2014. The Correlation between Reading Ability and TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (1) Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd., (2) Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M. Pd. Key Words: Correlation, Reading ability, TOEFL score Reading is one of the language skills that should be mastered by the students to develop their knowledge. Every student can increase their knowledge by reading to improve their TOEFL score. Reading is one of the academic skills which become the important material in TOEFL scoring. Every student gets different TOEFL score because the students have different receptive ability. Reading is one of the receptive ability. It means that reading correlates with the TOEFL score. The purpose of this research to find out the correlation between reading ability and TOEFL score of the odd semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in academic year 2013/2014. This is a correlational study. The population of this research is all of the odd semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in academic year 2013/2014 who took Ketrampilan Wajib Bahasa Inggris in UPT BAHASA Muria Kudus University. The numbers of population are 25 students. All of the population is sample of this research because the writer uses population study. The instruments that are used are test and document. The data are analyzed by using Product Moment formula by Arikunto to know the correlation between reading ability and TOEFL score. The result of the research shows that: a) Reading ability of the odd semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in academic year 2013/2014 include in limited category (The mean is 40.49 by standard deviation 6.37). b) TOEFL score of the odd semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in academic year 2013/2014 include in limited category (The mean is 425.3 by standard deviation 87.52). c) From the calculating of the correlation both of them, it was found that r-calculated = 0.692 and r-table = 0.396 in the level significance 5% from degree of freedom (df) N-2 (25-2 = 23). In other word, r-calculated is higher than r-table (rxy > rt). Therefore, it can be said that the hypothesis of the research is received, while the null hypothesis is refused. Based on the result of the research above, the writer suggests that the students should improve their reading ability so they can get high score in TOEFL. And for the lecturers, they are supposed to help the students to get high
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score in TOEFL by using one or more ways to develop reading ability of the students such as try to find specific information by scanning skill, try to find the main idea by skimming skill, and try to look for detail information by reading for detailed information. For the researchers, if they want to make the further study, they have to consider about other factors which influence the achievement of TOEFL score.
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ABSTRAK Wahyuningsih, Sri Rahayu. 2014. Hubungan antara Kemampuan Membaca dan Nilai TOEFL pada Mahasiswa Semester Ganjil Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus Tahun Akademik 2013/2014. Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing (1) Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd., (2) Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M. Pd. Kata kunci: Hubungan, Kemampuan membaca, Nilai TOEFL Membaca adalah salah satu ketrampilan bahasa yang harus dikuasai oleh para mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan mereka. Setiap mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka dengan membaca untuk memperbaiki nilai TOEFL mereka. Membaca adalah salah satu ketrampilan akademik yang menjadi materi penting dalam penilaian TOEFL. Setiap mahasiswa memperoleh nilai TOEFL yang berbeda karena mahasiswa memiliki kemampuan menerima yang berbeda. Membaca adalah salah satu dari kemampuan menerima. Ini berarti membaca berhubungan dengan nilai TOEFL. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kemampuan membaca dan nilai TOEFL pada mahasiswa semester ganjil program studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus tahun akademik 2013/2014. Ini merupakan penelitian korelasi. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa semester ganjil program studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus tahun akademik 2013/2014 yang mengambil Ketrampilan Wajib Bahasa Inggris di UPT BAHASA Universitas Muria Kudus. Jumlah populasi nya adalah 25 mahasiswa. Semua populasi pada penelitian ini merupakan sampel dari penelitian ini juga karena penulis menggunakan penelitian populasi. Alat yang digunakan adalah tes dan dokumen. Data-data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan rumus Product Moment dari Arikunto guna mengetahui hubungan antara kemampuan membaca dan nilai TOEFL. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: a) kemampuan membaca pada mahasiswa semester ganjil program studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus tahun akademik 2013/2014 termasuk dalam kategori terbatas (Rata-rata adalah 40,49 dengan simpangan baku 6,37). b) nilai TOEFL pada mahasiswa semester ganjil program studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus tahun akademik 2013/2014 termasuk dalam kategori terbatas (Rata-rata adalah 425,3 dengan simpangan baku 87,52). c) dari perhitungan hubungan antara kedua variabel tersebut, ditemukan bahwa rperhitungan = 0,692 dan r-tabel = 0,396 pada tingkat signifikan 5% dari derajad kebebasan (df) N-2 (25-2 = 23). Dengan kata lain, r-perhitungan lebih tinggi dari
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pada r-tabel (rxy > rt). Sehingga, hipotesis penelitian diterima, sementara null hypothesis ditolak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas, penulis menyarankan bahwa para mahasiswa seharusnya meningkatkan kemampuan membaca mereka sehingga mereka dapat mendapatkan nilai tinggi pada TOEFL. Dan bagi para dosen, beliaubeliau diharapkan untuk membantu para mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan nilai tinggi pada TOEFL dengan menggunakan satu cara atau lebih untuk mengembangkan kemampuan membaca para mahasiswa seperti dengan mencoba untuk menemukan informasi khusus atau tertentu melalui ketrampilan membaca sekilas, mencoba untuk menemukan ide utama melalui ketrampilan membaca sepintas untuk menemukan inti bacaan, dan mencoba untuk mencari informasi rinci melalui membaca untuk informasi rinci. Untuk para peneliti, jika mereka ingin membuat penelitian selanjutnya tentang tema ini, mereka harus mempertimbangkan tentang faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi hasil dari nilai TOEFL.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
page COVER ...................................................................................................... PAGE OF LOGO ...................................................................................... PAGE OF TITLE ...................................................................................... MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................. ADVISORS’ APPROVAL........................................................................ EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL .................................................................... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................ ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... ABSTRAK ................................................................................................. TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................ LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................... LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................. LIST OF APPENDICES...........................................................................
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1
Background of the Research ..............................................................
1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ..................................................................
4
1.3
Objective of the Research ..................................................................
4
1.4
Significance of the Research .............................................................
5
1.5
Scope of the Research........................................................................
5
1.6
Operational Definition .......................................................................
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND HYPOTHESIS 2.1
Reading ...........................................................................................
8
2.1.1 The Purposes of Reading.................................................................
9
2.1.2 The Kind of Reading .......................................................................
10
2.1.3 The Importance of Reading .............................................................
11
2.2
TOEFL ............................................................................................
11
2.2.1
The History of TOEFL ....................................................................
12
2.2.2 Formats and Contents of TOEFL ....................................................
13
2.2.2.1 The Traditional Paper-Based TOEFL (PBT) ..................................
13
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2.2.2.2 The Computer-Based TOEFL (CBT) ..............................................
14
2.2.2.3 The Internet-Based TOEFL (iBT) ...................................................
15
2.2.3 TOEFL Score ..................................................................................
16
2.2.3.1 The Traditional Paper-Based TOEFL Score ...................................
16
2.2.3.2 The Computer-Based TOEFL Score ...............................................
17
2.2.3.3 The Internet-Based TOEFL Score ...................................................
18
2.3
Review of Previous Research .........................................................
18
2.4
Theoretical Framework ...................................................................
20
2.5
Hypothesis .......................................................................................
21
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1
Design of the Research ......................................................................
22
3.2
Population and Sample ......................................................................
23
3.3
Instrument of the Research ................................................................
24
3.4
Data Collection ..................................................................................
25
3.5
Data Analysis .....................................................................................
26
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1
Description and Data Analysis ..........................................................
31
4.1.1 The Correlation between Reading Ability and TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................................................
32
4.1.2 Reading Ability of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ....................
32
4.1.3 TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ...............................
35
4.2
38
Hypothesis Testing .............................................................................
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CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1
5.2
5.3
The Correlation between Reading Ability and TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................................................
40
Reading Ability of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ....................
41
TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ...............................
43
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1
Conclusion .........................................................................................
45
6.2
Suggestion .........................................................................................
46
REFERENCES .......................................................................................... APPENDICES ........................................................................................... STATEMENT ............................................................................................ CURRICULUM VITAE ...........................................................................
48 50 76 77
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
3.1 Score Criteria of Reading Ability .........................................................
28
3.2 Score Criteria of TOEFL Score ............................................................
28
3.3 Interpretation of Product Moment .........................................................
29
4.1 Reading Ability Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .......................
33
4.2 Frequency Distribution of Reading Ability Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .............................................................................................
34
4.3 TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .............................................
36
4.4 Frequency Distribution of TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .............................................................................................
37
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
Page
4.1 The Chart of Reading Ability Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .........
34
4.2 The Chart of TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ......................
37
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix
Page
1. Reading Comprehension Standard Test ...............................................
51
2. Reading Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .................................
64
3. Formula of Calculating Reading Score ................................................
66
4. Frequency Distribution of Reading Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................................................................................
67
5. TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ...............................
68
6. Formula of Calculating TOEFL Score ................................................
70
7. Frequency Distribution of TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 ...........................................................................................
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8. The Computation Coefficient Correlation between Reading Ability and TOEFL Score of the Odd Semester Students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University in Academic Year 2013/2014 .....................
72
9. Table of Significance at 5% and 1% Level of Significance ...............
75
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