By: AHMAD SAIFUL ANAM

INCREASING THE MASTERY OF REPORTED SPEECH BY USING STAD (STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION) (A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MA NU MAWAQI’UL ULUM UNDAAN KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013)

By: AHMAD SAIFUL ANAM 200832116

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012

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INCREASING THE MASTERY OF REPORTED SPEECH BY USING STAD (STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION) (A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MA NU MAWAQI’UL ULUM UNDAAN KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013)

SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education

By: AHMAD SAIFUL ANAM NIM 200832116

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012 iii

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the sarjana skripsi of Ahmad Saiful Anam (NIM 2008-32116) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.

Kudus, 26 Desember 2012 Advisor I

Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001204 Advisor II

Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. NIS. 0610713020001020

Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,

Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd NIP 19560619-198503-1-002

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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Skripsi of Ahmad Saiful Anam (NIM: 2008-32-116) has been approved by the Board of Examiners as a requirement for Sarjana Program in English Education

Kudus, 26 Desember 2012 Skripsi Examining Committee:

Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001204

Chairperson/ Member

Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd NIS. 0610713020001020

Member

Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001207

Member

Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001146

Member

Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,

Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd. NIP. 19560619-198503-1-002

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO ∞ Fight to do the job, not fight to get the job (Anies Baswedan) ∞ A man abstains to say, “I am tired.” ∞ Sometimes to keep silent and conscious is better than to wonder without thinking (Nein Arimasen). ∞ Pergulatan hidup harus dipandang sebagai usaha untuk menciptakan keindahan. Seni adalah monumen kemenangan manusia dalam menjawab hidup. (Friedrich Nietzsche)

This skripsi is dedicated to: o His mother and father who always gives strong believes to the writer

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praises to Allah for the strength and blessing in completing this skripsi. So, he can finally accomplish this Skripsi entitled “Increasing the Mastery of Reported Speech by Using Student Teams Achievement Division (A Classroom Action Research at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013)”. He would like to express his appreciation to all of those who always directly or indirectly support the writer in completing this skripsi. For there are no such things the writer can give to return their kindness, so he tends to say thank you very much to: 1. Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd. the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty. 2. Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd. the Head of English Education Department 3. Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the first advisor, for all the time, advice, patience and attention to the writer in completing this skripsi. 4. Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. as his second advisor who had been wise to

give corrections and suggestions. 5. The lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 6. The Headmaster of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Kudus, who permits him to conduct the research in his school. 7. Sri Rejeki, S.Pd. as English teacher of grade ten of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus for the collaboration in the process of collecting data in her classroom. 8. His spiritual teacher, Agus Syarofudin and the wife of him, Mrs. Diana for the motivation, constructive allusion, and all the helps they give to the writer. 9. His comrades in teater Poentoen’; Chairil Annam, Dhanny Azzara, Mbah jek, Salim, Waryoto Gio’, for they has taught the writer a lot of valuable lessons.

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10. All of the teater TigakomA family; Pakwa and wife, Beni, Atmaja, Atik, Dahniar, Isty, Lia, Lya, Mita, Agus, Danny, Erma, Ikka, Uden, Yuni, Dwi, Dewi, Elfin, Najib, Nisa, Munajad, Purna, Arum, Devi, Cupit, Irma, Kojek, Utamah, Vita, Zaenal, and many others for their willingness to pass the time, to kill the boredom, and to ease the strains of the writer’s. 11. All of the BEM FKIP members; Panji, Faisol, Daniar, Dian, Jamal, Jamil, Kifti, Mujib, Nita and many others for their willingness to share place and thought with the writer to write this skripsi. 12. All friends of Nggempalno Community; Adis, Alwi, Burhan, Charly, Wahyu, and Siswo for they had shared joy and fun; priceless experiences. 13. All people whom the writer cannot mention; those who has been involved directly or indirectly to the process of writing the skripsi. None of the things in this world was created to be the perfect, as well as the writer’s skripsi. Evaluation from those who read this skripsi is important and that will be the only way the writer can find his self-improvement.

Kudus, 9 November 2012

A. Saiful Anam 200832116

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ABSTRACT

Anam, Ahmad Saiful. 2012. Increasing the Mastery of Reported Speech by Using STAD (A Classroom Action Research of Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. Key words: reported speech, STAD, classroom action research. English is important for students to learn, because it has been widely known as an international language. Learning English will help students to be able to communicate to other people all over the world. However, many students feel difficulty in learning English. Grammar is one that felt to be a horror though students have been taught grammar from junior high level. There are many theories of grammar; one of them is reported speech. Reported speech is a complex material, for students should understand many changes of a sentence from its tense, pronoun, and adverb of time and place. The teacher at MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus complains that her students have difficulty in learning reported speech. For that reason, she along with the writer proposes to apply STAD technique to increase the students’ mastery of reported speech. The purpose of the research is to increase the students’ mastery of reported speech by using STAD. The research contains information of how STAD can be applied to increase the students’ mastery of reported speech. This research is a classroom action research. The research was conducted at the X.B students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the first semester of academic year 2012/2013. The number of the students who joined the research process was 26 students; 16 boys and 10 girls. The data of this research was taken from the result of written test, and the observation sheets which includes in three cycles. The findings of the research showed that: (1) in the first cycle, 9 students (34.6 %) fulfill the minimum mastery criterion, and the average score is 63.1 %. (2) In second cycle, the number of students who gets score ≥ 71 has increased to 53.4 %; 14 students, and the average score of students is 69.4 %. (3) In third cycle, students has reached the criterion of success in which proved with 18 students (69.2 %) can fulfill the minimum mastery criterion; ≥ 71, and the average score of students becomes 75.8 %. This research comes to the conclusion that STAD Technique can increase the mastery of reported speech of the tenth grade students at MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Kudus in academic year of 2012/2013. Although, this research cannot find all students fulfill the KKM, the writer suggests that teacher will continue the research. It would be better for teacher to always give motivation to the students to cooperate with each other, and to give guidance and assistance so that students can cooperate in a positive way.

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ABSTRAKSI

Anam, Ahmad Saiful. 2012. Meningkatkan Penguasaan Reported Speech dengan Menggunakan STAD (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang di Laksanakan di Kelas Sepuluh MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus Tahun Akademik 2012/2013). Skripsi. Program Studi Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Keguruan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (i) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. Kata Kunci: reported speech, STAD, penelitian tindakan kelas. Penting bagi siswa untuk mempelajari Bahasa Inggris. Sebab Bahasa Inggris telah diakui sebagai bahasa internasional. Mempelajari Bahasa Inggris akan membantu siswa agar mampu berkomunikasi dengan orang-orang yang berbeda di seluruh penjuru dunia. Namun, banyak siswa yang merasakan kesulitan mempelajari bahasa Inggris. Grammar adalah salah satu yang siswa rasakan sebagai momok. Siswa telah diajarkan Grammar sejak SMP. Grammar memiliki banyak teori, salah satunya Reported Speech. Reported speech merupakan materi yang komplek, karena siswa harus memahami perubahan-perubahan kalimat yang meliputi perubahan Tense, Pronoun, dan adverb of time and place. Guru MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus mengeluhkan siswanya yang kesulitan mempelajari reported speech. Oleh sebab itu, beliau bersama penulis berniat menerapkan teknik STAD untuk meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa. Penelitian tersebut bertujuan meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa dengan menggunakan STAD. Berisi informasi tentang bagaimana STAD dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. penelitian ini di tujukan kepada siswa MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus kelas X.B semester satu tahun akademik 2012/2013. Siswa di kelas X.B yang mengikuti penelitian ini berjumlah 26 siswa, terdiri dari 16 putra dan 10 putri. Data pada penelitian ini di ambil dari hasil tes tertulis dan lembar observasi yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1)siklus pertama,9 siswa (34.6 %) dapat mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal, dan nilai rata-rata siswa 63.1 %. (2) pada siklus kedua, siswa yang memperoleh nilai ≥ 71 sebanyak 53.4 % yaitu14 siswa, dan nilai rata-rata siswa menjadi 69.4 %. (3) pada siklus ketiga, siswa telah berhasil mencapai kriteria kesuksesan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan 18 siswa (69.2 %) berhasil memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimal; memperoleh nilai ≥ 71, dan nilai rata-rata siswa menjadi 75.8 %. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa STAD dapat meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Kudus kelas X.B tahun akademik 2012/2013. Meskipun dalam penelitian ini, seluruh siswa belum mampu memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimal, penulis menyarankan agar guru bersedia melanjutkan penelitian ini.Juga agar guru selalu memotivasi siswa, memberikan pendampingan dan bantuan agar siswa bekerjasama secara positif.

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TABLE OF CONTENT Page COVER .......................................................................................................... i LOGO ............................................................................................................. ii TITLE ............................................................................................................. iii APPROVAL OF ADVISOR ........................................................................... iv APPROVAL OF COMMITTEE .................................................................... v MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... ix ABSTRAKSI ................................................................................................. x TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................. xi LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xv LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................ xvi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study..............................................................................1 1.2. Statement of the Problem ............................................................................5 1.3. Objective of the Research ...........................................................................6 1.4. Significance of the Research .......................................................................6 1.5. Limitation of the Research ..........................................................................6 1.6. Operational Definition ................................................................................7

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND ACTION HYPOTHESIS 2.1.

Teaching English at MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ............. 8

2.1.1. Curriculum of English Subject at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ............................................................ 9 2.1.2. Materials of English Subject at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ............................................................ 10

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2.1.3. Method of Teaching English at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ............................................................ 11 2.2.

Noun Clauses .......................................................................................... 12

2.2.1

Direct Speech / Quoted Speech ............................................................... 12

2.2.2

Indirect Speech / Reported Speech ......................................................... 14

2.3

Changing Quoted Speech into Reported Speech .................................... 15

2.3.1

Tenses Change ........................................................................................ 15

2.3.2

Pronoun Change ...................................................................................... 18

2.3.3

Adverb Change........................................................................................ 20

2.4

Classification of Reported Speech .......................................................... 21

2.4.1

Reported Speech in Statement ................................................................ 21

2.4.2

Reported Speech in Imperative/Request ................................................. 22

2.4.3

Reported Speech in Question .................................................................. 22

2.5

Cooperative Learning .............................................................................. 23

2.5.1

Characteristics of Cooperative learning .................................................. 24

2.5.2

Methods of Cooperative Learning .......................................................... 25

2.6

Student Teams-Achievement Division (STAD) ..................................... 26

2.6.1

Characteristics of STAD ......................................................................... 27

2.7

Previous Research ................................................................................... 29

2.8

Action Hypothesis .................................................................................. 30

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1.

Setting and Characteristics of Subject of the Research ........................... 31

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3.2.

Variable of the Research ........................................................................ 31

3.3.

Design of the Research ........................................................................... 32

3.3.1

Planning ................................................................................................. 34

3.3.2

Acting ...................................................................................................... 34

3.3. 3 Observing ................................................................................................ 35 3.3.4

Analysis and Reflecting ......................................................................... 35

3.4

Procedure of the Research ....................................................................... 36

3.4.1

Procedure of Pre-Cycle ........................................................................... 36

3.4.2

Procedure of Cycles ................................................................................ 37

3.4.2.1 Procedure of Cycle 1 .............................................................................. 37 3.4.2.2 Procedure of Cycle 2 .............................................................................. 39 3.5

Data Analysis ......................................................................................... 41

3.5.1

Observation Sheet ................................................................................... 42

3.5.2

Students’ Test Score ................................................................................ 42

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1

The implementation of STAD to increase students’ mastery of reported speech ..................................................................................................... 44

4.1.1

Cycle 1 .................................................................................................... 45

4.1.1.1 Planning ............................................................................................... 45 4.1.1.2 Acting ................................................................................................... 46 4.1.1.3 Observing .............................................................................................. 49 4.1.1.4 Analysis and Reflection ........................................................................ 53

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4.1.2

Cycle 2 .................................................................................................... 55

4.1.2.1 Planning ................................................................................................ 55 4.1.2.2 Acting ................................................................................................... 56 4.1.2.3 Observing ............................................................................................. 57 4.1.2.4 Analysis and Reflection ........................................................................ 61 4.1.3

Cycle 3 .................................................................................................... 64

4.1.3.1 Planning ................................................................................................ 64 4.1.3.2 Acting .................................................................................................... 65 4.1.3.3 Observing .............................................................................................. 65 4.1.3.4 Analysis and Reflection ........................................................................ 67 4.2

The Mastery of Reported Speech of Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus .......................................................... 68

4.2.1

The Students’ Mastery of Reported Speech in Cycle 1 ........................ 69

4.2.2

The Students’ Mastery of Reported Speech in Cycle 2 ........................ 70

4.2.3

The Students’ Mastery of Reported Speech in Cycle 3 ........................ 72

4.3

Recapitulation of Students’ Achievements ........................................... 74

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1

The Implementation of STAD to Teach Reported Speech to the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 ...................................................................... 75

5.1.1

Cycle 1 ................................................................................................... 75

5.1.2

Cycle 2 ................................................................................................... 77

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5.1.3

Cycle 3 ................................................................................................... 79

5.2

The Mastery of Reported Speech of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013................................................................................................ 79

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1

Conclusion ............................................................................................. 82

6.2

Suggestion ............................................................................................. 84

BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 85 APPENDICES ................................................................................................... 88 CURRICULLUM VITAE ................................................................................ 159

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 4.3

Page Struktur Kurikulum SMA/MA KelasX ................................................... 10 List of verbs of reported speech .............................................................. 15 Sequence of tense .................................................................................... 16 Examples of adverbs change ................................................................... 20 Criterion of determining students’ improvement score........................... 29 Criterion of team recognition .................................................................. 29 The Activity of Teacher and Students in the Process of Teaching and Learning Reported Speech in Cycle 1 .............................................. 49 4.4 The Activity of Teacher and Students in the Process of Teaching and Learning Reported Speech in Cycle 2 .............................................. 58 4.5 The Activity of Teacher and Students in the Process of Teaching and Learning Reported Speech in cycle 3 ............................................... 65 4.6 The Score of Reported Speech in Cycle 1 ............................................... 69 4.7 Frequency Distribution of the Students’ Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 1 ......................................................................................... 69 4.8 The Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 2 ....................................... 70 4.9 Frequency Distribution of the Students’ Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 2 ......................................................................................... 71 4.10 The Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 3 ....................................... 72 4.11 Frequency Distribution of the Students’ Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 3 ......................................................................................... 73 4.12 Recapitulation of Students’ Score in Cycle 1, Cycle 2, and Cycle 3 .............................................................................................................. 74

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page 1 Syllabus of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in Academic Year 2012/2013 ................................... 88 2 Students’ Score in Pre-Cycle ............................................................ 91 3 Students Ranking List ....................................................................... 92 4 Assigning Team in Cycle 1 ................................................................ 93 5 Lesson Plan in Cycle 1 ....................................................................... 94 6 Materials of teaching reported speech ............................................... 98 7 Team worksheet in Cycle 1................................................................ 100 8 The Individual Quiz in Cycle 1 .......................................................... 101 9 Answers of Individual Quiz in Cycle 1.............................................. 103 10 Students’ Improvement Point in Cycle 1 ........................................... 104 11 Teams Recognition in Cycle 1 ........................................................... 105 12 Students’ Average Score in Cycle 1 .................................................. 106 13 Lesson Plan in Cycle 2 ...................................................................... 107 14 Teams’ Worksheet in Cycle 2 ........................................................... 111 15 The Individual Quiz in Cycle 2 ......................................................... 112 16 Answers of the Individual Quiz in Cycle 2 ....................................... 114 17 Students Improvement Point in Cycle 2 ........................................... 115 18 Teams’ Recognition in Cycle 2 ......................................................... 116 19 Students’ Average Score in Cycle 2 .................................................. 117 20 Lesson Plan in Cycle 3 ....................................................................... 118 21 The Individual Quiz in Cycle 3 .......................................................... 122 22 Answers of the Individual Quiz in Cycle 3 ........................................ 124 23 Students Improvement Point in Cycle 3 ............................................ 125 24 Teams’ Recognition in Cycle 3.......................................................... 126 25 Students’ Average Score in Cycle 3 .................................................. 127 26 Certificates of Team Recognition (Super, Great, and Good Teams) . 128 27 Documentation of the Application of STAD in Teaching Reported Speech ................................................................................................ 130 28 Others ................................................................................................. 132

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