Broedvogels in Nederland. Het Meetnet Broedvogels is onderdeel van het Netwerk Ecologische Monitoring

Broedvogels in Nederland

SOVON-rapport 2012/01

Het Meetnet Broedvogels is onderdeel van het Netwerk Ecologische Monitoring

2010

Broedvogels in Nederland in 2010 Arjan Boele, Joost van Bruggen, Arend van Dijk, Fred Hustings, Jan-Willem Vergeer, Leo Ballering & Calijn Plate

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17


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18

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3. Weer en waterstanden in het broedseizoen 2010

Hieronder wordt per maand een overzicht gegeven van de relevante weersomstandigheden en hun eventuHOHLQYORHGRSGHWHOUHVXOWDWHQ'HZHHUVJHJHYHQV]LMQ ontleend aan de maandelijkse weerrapporten van het .10,02:%XOOHWLQZZZNQPLQO )LJXUHQHQ YDWWHQGHZHHUVJHJHYHQVHQZDWHUVWDQGHQVDPHQ

20

temperatuur (°C)

15

gemiddelde etmaaltemperatuur 2010 normaal

10 5 0 -5

120

jan

feb

mrt

apr

mei

jun

jul

mrt

apr

mei

jun

jul

mrt

apr

mei

jun

jul

apr

mei

jun

jul

mei

jun

jul

neerslagsom

100 neerslag (mm)

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80 60 40 20 0

300

jan

feb

zonneschijn

200 150 100 50 0

7

jan

feb

gemiddelde windsnelheid

windsnelheid (m/s)

6 5 4 3 2 1 0

30

jan

feb

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vorstdagen (min. temperatuur <0°C)

25 aantal dagen

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zonneschijn (uren)

250

20 15 10 5 0

jan

feb

mrt

apr

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19


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20

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waterstand (meter + NAP)

15 Waterstanden Rijn - Lobith

10

5 1 maart

1 april

1 mei

1 juni

100 30 juni

1 mei

1 juni

100 30 juni

1 juni

1 juli

100 31 juli


50 Waterstanden Maas - Borgharen 45 40 35


30 1 maart

1 april

2,5 Waterstanden Waddenzee - Lauwersoog 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 1 april

1 mei

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21


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22


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++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++ ++ + ++ o o

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+533%

+ + -+ --++ -++ + -++ ? --

-50

0

50 100 150 verandering (%)

200

250

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23


lonie van ons land en waarschijnlijk zelfs van West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ietzanger, Grasmus, Zwartkop, Pimpel- en Koolmees HQ3XWWHU =LHQZHELMGHZLQQDDUVELMQDDOOHHQVRRUWHQPHWRRN HHQ SRVLWLHYH ODQJMDULJH WUHQG ELM GH verliezers is het DQGHUVKHWJDDW]HNHUQLHWDOOHHQRPEURHGYRJHOVPHW HHQ ODQJMDULJH DIQDPH (HQ EHODQJULMNH RRU]DDN KLHUYRRU LV KHW ZLQWHUZHHU LQ GLH YRRU HHQ YHUKRRJGH VWHUIWH ]RUJGH RQGHU RYHUZLQWHUDDUV :DV GH GDDUDDQYRRUDIJDDQGHZLQWHU YRRUDOLQKHW zuidoosten van het land vrij koud, maar in De Bilt YROJHQV GH FODVVL¿FDWLH YDQ ,-QVHQ QRJ YULM ]DFKW GH ZLQWHU YDQ GHHG HU HHQ VFKHS ERYHQRS 'H]H µNRXGH¶ ZLQWHU ,-QVHQ NHQGH RSPHUNHOLMN YHHO VQHHXZGDJHQHQJLQJGHERHNHQLQDOVGHNRXGVWHVLQGV HQGHVQHHXZULMNVWHVLQGVKRRIGVWXN 6RRUWHQXLWGHWRSYDQYHUOLH]HUVZDDUELMHHQUHlatie met het winterweer voor de hand ligt, zijn Kleine =LOYHUUHLJHU,-VYRJHO*UDV]DQJHUDOOHPHWHHQVWHUNH WRHQDPHLQ *URWH*HOH.ZLNVWDDUWPDWLJH WRHQDPH HQ:DWHUKRHQPDWLJHDIQDPHRYHUJHKHOHSHULRGHPDDUEH]LJPHWHHQKHUVWHOQDGHYHUOLH]HQLQKHW PLGGHQYDQGHMDUHQQHJHQWLJ]LHELMODJH 'HWZHH winters zorgde ervoor dat de populatie van de Kleine =LOYHUUHLJHUSDUHQ WHUXJYLHOQDDUKHWQLYHDXYDQ HQ GLH YDQ GH ,-VYRJHO WHUULWRULD QDDU GDWYDQ7HUZLMOGHZLQWHUGLHLQKHW ]XLGZHVWHQQLHWKHHONRXGZDVELMGH*UDV]DQJHUQRJ µVOHFKWVYRRUHHQVWDELOLVDWLH]RUJGHEHLGHMDUHQVFKDWWLQJ WHUULWRULD NHOGHUGH GH SRSXODWLH LQ WRW RQJHYHHU KHW SHLO YDQ 'H *URWH *HOH .ZLNVWDDUW WHUULWRULD GHHG HHQV VWDSWHUXJWRWKHWQLYHDXYDQ'HZLQWHUVKDGGHQ ook een negatief effect op het aantal Waterhoentjes in GH%03WHOJHELHGHQ$OLQQDPGHLQGH[DIPHW WHQRS]LFKWHYDQHQHHQMDDUODWHUYHUORRU GHSRSXODWLHQRJHHQV'DDUPHHLVGHLQGH[YDQ ]HOIV GH ODDJVWH VLQGV GH VWDUW LQ 6RRUWHQ GLHGHWRSQLHWKDDOGHQPDDUZHOWZHHMDDUHHQGXLGHOLMNH ZLQWHUVH DIQDPH YHUWRRQGHQ ZDUHQ ELMYRRUEHHOG%ODXZH5HLJHUYDQRSDIQDPHHQ DIQDPH HQ :LQWHUNRQLQJ DIQDPH YDQ UHVS

24

Bij verschillende zeer zeldzame soorten die al meerdere jaren in de gevarenzone zitten, kwam een relatief lage LQGH[ LQ QLHW XLW GH OXFKW YDOOHQ .XLÀHHXZHULN VOHFKWV WHUULWRULD *UDXZH *RUV WHUULWRULD .RUKRHQ KDQHQ GLHSWHUHFRUG %ODXZH .LHNHQGLHIWHUULWRULDGLHSWHSXQWLQPHWSDUHQ HQ.HPSKDDQµWHUULWRULD¶JHWHOG 9HUVFKLOOHQGH µDOJHPHQH¶ EURHGYRJHOV ]HWWHQ KXQ QHJDWLHYH ODQJH WHUPLMQWUHQG GRRU LQ 7RUHQYDON =RPHUWDOLQJ =RPHUWRUWHO=ZDUWH0HHV5LQJPXV ,Q WRWDDO EURHGYRJHOV EHUHLNWHQ LQ GH ODDJVWH LQGH[VLQGVZDDURQGHU)XXW:LQWHUWDOLQJ:LOGH (HQG=RPHUWDOLQJ7RUHQYDON%RRPYDON6FKROHNVWHU Watersnip, Bosuil, Veldleeuwerik, Grote Lijster, 0DWNRS:LHOHZDDO6SUHHXZ+XLVPXVHQ5LQJPXV

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200 180 160 140 120 index

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100 80 60 40 20 0

1990

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1996 bos

1998

2000 2002 duin & kust

2004 2006 agrarisch

2008

2010 heide

KHWODDJVWHQLYHDXVLQGV,QGH]HSHULRGHKDOYHHUGHGHLQGH[ZDDUGH'HWUHQGVYDQGHJH]DPHQOLMNH 1HGHUODQGVHEURHGYRJHOVHQGH5RGH/LMVWVRRUWHQORSHQVWHHGVYHUGHUXLWHONDDU7HQRS]LFKWHYDQQDP GH JHFRPELQHHUGH LQGH[ YDQ DOOH 5RGH /LMVW VRRUWHQ PHWDIHQWHQRS]LFKWHYDQKHWJHPLGGHOGHRYHUGH YRRUJDDQGHYLMIMDUHQPHW,Q¿JXXULVYHUGHU goed te zien dat de stand van soorten uit de zware Rode /LMVWFDWHJRULHsQ µEHGUHLJG¶ HQ µHUQVWLJ EHGUHLJG¶ VRRUWHQZDDUYDQJRHGHLQGH[HQEHVFKLNEDDU]LMQ VQHOOHUDIQHHPWGDQGLHYDQGHOLFKWHUHFDWHJRULHsQµJHYRHOLJ¶HQµNZHWVEDDU¶ %LMGHHUQVWLJ EHGUHLJGHVRRUWHQ LV GH LQGH[ZDDUGH LQ QRJ PDDU YDQ GLH LQ KHWVWDUWMDDUHQWHQRS]LFKWHYDQHQ EHGUDDJWGHDIQDPHUHVS 3UHFDLULVGHVLWXDWLHYDQHQNHOHHUQVWLJ EHGUHLJGHVRRUWHQ DOV .RUKRHQ .HPSKDDQ 9HOGXLO .XLÀHHXZHULN 7DSXLWHQ*UDXZH*RUVZDDUYDQGHKXLGLJHVWDQGYHHO PLQGHULVGDQHHQYLMIGHYDQGLHLQ+HWXLWVWHUYHQRSNRUWHWHUPLMQDOV1HGHUODQGVHEURHGYRJHOOLMNW LQVRPPLJHJHYDOOHQRQDIZHQGEDDU9DQ6WUDQGSOHYLHU :DWHUVQLS3DDSMHHQ*URWH.DUHNLHWLVGHLQGH[ZDDUGH LQQRJPDDUHHQNZDUWWRWGHKHOIWYDQGLHLQKHW VWDUWMDDU 9HUVFKLOOHQGH VRRUWHQ XLW GH FDWHJRULH µJHYRHOLJ¶ ]RDOV%ODXZH.LHNHQGLHI*UXWWR9HOGOHHXZHULN0DWNRS HQ 5LQJPXV RI µNZHWVEDDU¶ %RRPYDON =RPHUWRUWHO

140 120 100 index

)LJXXU $DQWDOVRQWZLNNHOLQJ LQ YDQ DOOH UHJXOLHUH 1HGHU ODQGVH EURHGYRJHOV 1 YDQ DOOH Rode Lijst-soorten waarvan goede WUHQGV EHVFKLNEDDU ]LMQ 1 HQ YDQ 5RGH/LMVWVRRUWHQXLWGHFDWHJRULHµEHGUHLJG¶ HQ µHUQVWLJ EHGUHLJG¶ 1 7UHQGLQLQDOOEUHHGLQJ ELUGVSHFLHVLQWKH1HWKHUODQGVFRPSDUHGZLWKWUHQGVLQDOO5HG/LVWVSHFLHV DQG VHYHUHO\ WKUHDWHQHG 5HG /LVW VSHFLHV

1992 1994 moeras

80 60 40 20 0

1990

1992

1994

alle soorten

1996

1998

2000

alle soorten Rode Lijst

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

bedreigde soorten Rode Lijst

25


5DQVXLO ]XOOHQ RS JURQG YDQ GH KXLGLJH RQWZLNNHling op een volgende Rode Lijst waarschijnlijk in HHQ ]ZDDUGHUH FDWHJRULH YDOOHQ µEHGUHLJG¶ RI µHUQVWLJ EHGUHLJG¶ 7RUHQYDON 6FKROHNVWHU =ZDUWH 0HHV HQ 6SUHHXZRQWEUHNHQRSGHKXLGLJH5RGH/LMVWPDDU]LMQ VHULHX]HNDQGLGDWHQYRRUHHQQLHXZHOLMVW 7RFK ]LMQ HU RRN SRVLWLHYH JHOXLGHQ ELM HQNHOH 5RGH /LMVWVRRUWHQ 9HUKHXJHQG ]LMQ GH RSZDDUWVH WUHQGV ELM HQNHOH PRHUDVYRJHOV :RXGDDSMH 3XUSHUUHLJHU *UDXZH .LHNHQGLHI *UDXZH .ODXZLHU 1DFKW]ZDOXZ HQ*URHQH6SHFKW=HV5RGH/LMVWVRRUWHQEHUHLNWHQLQ ]HOIVKXQKRRJVWHLQGH[ZDDUGHVLQGV*URWH =LOYHUUHLJHU9LVGLHI1DFKW]ZDOXZ+XLV]ZDOXZ6QRU HQ*UDXZH.ODXZLHU

1DWXUD (HQ DDQ]LHQOLMN GHHO YDQ GH YRRU 1HGHUODQGVH EURHGYRJHOV EHODQJULMNH WHUUHLQHQ PDDNW LQPLGGHOV GHHO XLW YDQ KHW RQGHU GH YODJ YDQ 1DWXUD RSHUHUHQGH (XURSHVH QHWZHUN YDQ EHVFKHUPGH QDWXXUJHELHGHQ Voor dit netwerk zijn instandhoudingsdoelstellingen ontwikkeld, die richting moeten geven aan het uit te YRHUHQ QDWXXUEHKHHU HQ EHOHLG ZZZV\QELRV\V DOWHUUDQOQDWXUD ,Q ¿JXXU LV GH WUHQG YDQ 1HGHUODQGVHEURHGYRJHOVPHWHHQYHUEHWHURILQVWDQGKRXGLQJVGRHOVWHOOLQJ XLWHHQJH]HW 'H ODQGHOLMNH LQVWDQGKRXGLQJVGRHOVWHOOLQJLVGDDUELMRSJH]HW 'H PHHVW QHJDWLHYH WUHQG YLQGHQ ZH WHUXJ ELM GH soorten die een ongunstige staat van instandhouding NHQQHQHQZDDUELMKHUVWHOJHZHQVWLVµYHUEHWHUGRHOVWHOOLQJ¶ +HWJHZHQVWHKHUVWHORSODQGHOLMNHVFKDDOEOLMIW ELMGHPHHVWHVRRUWHQXLWHQELMYDQGHVRRUWHQLV GHSRSXODWLHVLQGVWHQPLQVWHJHKDOYHHUG%ODXZH Kiekendief, Korhoen, Strandplevier, Kemphaan, Velduil, Draaihals, Duinpieper, Paapje, Tapuit en Grote

.DUHNLHW 'H :DWHUVQLS EOLMIW PHW PRHLWH ERYHQ GH JUHQV YDQ KDOYHULQJ 7RFK ]LMQ HU RRN OLFKWSXQWMHV LQ GH]H JURHS PHW HHQ YHUEHWHURSJDYH %LM 3XUSHUUHLJHU en Grauwe Kiekendief is de historisch negatieve trend GRRUEURNHQ HQ LV GH VWDQG VLQGV PHHU GDQ YHUGXEEHOG HQ RRN:RXGDDS HQ *UDXZH .ODXZLHU ]LWWHQ LQ GH SOXV %LM GH RYHULJH YLHU VRRUWHQ 5RHUGRPS 3RUVHOHLQKRHQ=ZDUWH6WHUQHQ6QRU OLJWGHSRSXODWLH RSRIQHWERYHQKHWQLYHDXYDQ (HQ WZHHGH FDWHJRULH EHWUHIW VRRUWHQ PHW HHQ ODQGHOLMNH µEHKRXGVGRHOVWHOOLQJ¶ HQ HHQ µRQJXQVWLJH VWDDW YDQ LQVWDQGKRXGLQJ¶ 'H]H JURHS GRHW KHW RYHU KHW DOJHPHHQ GXLGHOLMN EHWHU GDQ GH HHUVWJHQRHPGH ZDDUELM GH 1DFKW]ZDOXZ RSYDOW PHW HHQ YHUGXEEHOGH VWDQG LQ MDDU WLMG *RHG JLQJ KHW LQ RRN PHW 5LHW]DQJHU VWDQG ELMQD KRJHU ODJ GDQ LQ HQ*URWH6WHUQ9LVGLHI'ZHUJVWHUQKRJHU 'H %RQWEHNSOHYLHU ODDW OLFKW GDOHQGH DDQWDOOHQ ]LHQ 'H JURWH YHUOLH]HUV LQ GH]H FDWHJRULH ZDUHQ .ZDUWHONRQLQJ IRUVH VFKRPPHOLQJHQ PHW UHFHQW GDOMDUHQ (LGHU HQ .OXXW EHLGH PHW JHVWDJH DIQDPH HQ KDOYHULQJVLQGV 'H EURHGYRJHOVRRUWHQ PHW HHQ µJXQVWLJH VWDDW YDQ LQVWDQGKRXGLQJ¶ ZDDUYRRU HHQ µEHKRXGGRHOVWHOOLQJ¶ JHOGW GRHQ KHW JHKHHO FRQIRUP YHUZDFKWLQJ KHW EHVW YDQ GH GULH RQGHUVFKHLGHQ 1DWXUD FDWHJRULHsQ Deze groep voldoet momenteel aan de nagestreefde ODQGHOLMNH LQVWDQGKRXGLQJVGRHOVWHOOLQJ 9DQ OLHIVW YDQGHVRRUWHQLQGH]HFDWHJRULHOLJWGHLQGH[ZDDUGH LQ UXLP ERYHQ GLH YDQ 9RRUEHHOGHQ ]LMQ Grote Zilverreiger, Lepelaar, Zwartkopmeeuw, KleiQH 0DQWHOPHHXZ ,-VYRJHO %ODXZERUVW HQ 5RRGERUVW WDSXLW /LFKW QHJDWLHI LV GH RQWZLNNHOLQJ YDQ 'RGDDUV %UXLQH.LHNHQGLHIHQ%RRPOHHXZHULN8LWELMWHUVLQGH]H FDWHJRULH ]LMQ *HRRUGH )XXW JHOHLGHOLMNH DIQDPH LQ PHWELMQDKDOYHULQJ 1RRUGVH6WHUQLGHP HQ=ZDUWH6SHFKWDIQDPHPHWRQJHYHHUHHQGHUGH

160 140

index

120 100 80 60 40 20 0

26

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 behouddoelstelling + gunstig

verbeteropgave

behouddoelstelling + ongunstig

instandhoudingsdoel

)LJXXU 7UHQG LQ YDQ EURHGYRJHOVRRUWHQPHW HHQODQGHOLMNH YHUEHWHURSJDYHVRRUWHQ HHQODQGHOLMNHEHKRXGGRHOVWHOOLQJHQHHQVOHFKWH VWDDWYDQLQVWDQGKRXGLQJVRRUWHQ HQ HHQODQGHOLMNHEHKRXGGRHOVWHOOLQJHQ HHQ JXQVWLJH VWDDW YDQ LQVWDQGKRXGLQJ VRRUWHQ :HHUJHJHYHQ LV GH JH]DPHQOLMNHLQGH[PHHWNXQGLJJHPLGGHOGH van alle soorten binnen één categorie, DIJH]HW WHJHQ GH ODQGHOLMNH GRHOVWHOOLQJ LQVWDQGKRXGLQJVGRHO 7UHQGLQ breeding birds relative to their conservaWLRQ WDUJHW HLWKHU FRQVHUYDWLRQ RU FXUUHQWOHYHORIUHFRYHU\


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omschrijving

criterium

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VWHUNHWRHQDPH PDWLJHWRHQDPH VWDELHO PDWLJHDIQDPH VWHUNHDIQDPH RQ]HNHU

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27


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soort

28

geteld 2010

schatting 2010

5RRGKDOVIXXW *HRRUGH)XXW $DOVFKROYHU *URWH$DOVFKROYHU 5RHUGRPS :RXGDDS .ZDN Koereiger .OHLQH=LOYHUUHLJHU *URWH=LOYHUUHLJHU %ODXZH5HLJHU 3XUSHUUHLJHU 2RLHYDDU +HLOLJH,ELV /HSHODDU :LOGH=ZDDQ Toendrarietgans Kolgans Dwerggans &DQDGHVH*DQVVSHF Brandgans 6PLHQW 3LMOVWDDUW .URRQHHQG :LWRRJHHQG (LGHU %ULOGXLNHU 1RQQHWMH 0LGGHOVWH=DDJEHN 5RVVH6WHNHOVWDDUW =ZDUWH:RXZ 5RGH:RXZ =HHDUHQG %UXLQH.LHNHQGLHI %ODXZH.LHNHQGLHI *UDXZH.LHNHQGLHI 6OHFKWYDON .RUKRHQ 3RUVHOHLQKRHQ .OHLQ:DWHUKRHQ .OHLQVW:DWHUKRHQ .ZDUWHONRQLQJ .UDDQYRJHO 6WHOWNOXXW .OXXW

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volledigheid 2010

schatting1 trend 90-10 trend 01-10

! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " " " " " ! " ! " ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! " " " ! ! !

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soort

geteld 2010

schatting 2010

.OHLQH3OHYLHU " %RQWEHNSOHYLHU 6WUDQGSOHYLHU Bonte Strandloper .HPSKDDQ " 2HYHUORSHU " =ZDUWNRSPHHXZ 'ZHUJPHHXZ " .RNPHHXZ 6WRUPPHHXZ " .OHLQH0DQWHOPHHXZ =LOYHUPHHXZ *HHOSRRWPHHXZ " *URWH0DQWHOPHHXZ " Drieteenmeeuw *URWH6WHUQ 9LVGLHI 1RRUGVH6WHUQ 'ZHUJVWHUQ =ZDUWH6WHUQ .HUNXLO 'ZHUJRRUXLO " 2HKRH 6WHHQXLO " 9HOGXLO 5XLJSRRWXLO " 1DFKW]ZDOXZ " ,-VYRJHO %LMHQHWHU +RS " 'UDDLKDOV 0LGGHOVWH%RQWH6SHFKW .XLÀHHXZHULN 2HYHU]ZDOXZ +XLV]ZDOXZ " (QJHOVH.ZLNVWDDUW " *URWH*HOH.ZLNVWDDUW 5RXZNZLNVWDDUW " 1RRUGVH1DFKWHJDDO " 3DDSMH 7DSXLW .UDPVYRJHO " &HWWL¶V=DQJHU *UDV]DQJHU .UHNHO]DQJHU " *URWH.DUHNLHW 2USKHXVVSRWYRJHO " ,EHULVFKH7MLIWMDI " %DDUGPDQ " .RUWVQDYHOERRPNUXLSHU %XLGHOPHHV *UDXZH.ODXZLHU 1RRUGVH.DXZ " +XLVNUDDL " 5RHN %RQWH.UDDL " 5DDI (XURSHVH.DQDULH " 5RRGPXV " *UDXZH*RUV

volledigheid 2010

schatting1 trend 90-10 trend 01-10

! " " ! " " QLHWJHWHOG ! ! ! " ! " ! " " " " " " " " " " " " "

" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "

" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "

29


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7DEHO,QJHWHOGHDDQWDOOHQYDQHQNHOHH[RWHQ die niet op de lijst van landelijk integraal te tellen soorten staan, met daarbij de meest recente landelijke poSXODWLHVFKDWWLQJ]LHWDEHO 6FKDWWLQJDINRPVWLJ9RVODPEHUHWDO]LHVRRUWWHNVWLQ1RQ QDWLYHVSHFLHVLQFRPSOHWHO\FRXQWHGLQDQGPRVW UHFHQWHVWLPDWHGSRSXODWLRQVHHWDEOH Voslamber HWDOVHH Soort

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=ZDUWH=ZDDQ ,QGLVFKH*DQV &DVDUFD 0XVNXVHHQG 0DQGDULMQHHQG +DOVEDQGSDUNLHW *URWH$OH[DQGHUSDUNLHW

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30

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40

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IJsselmeergebied Zwarte meer Ketelmeer Vossemeer Drontermeer

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Vinkeveense Plassen

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" )

1-5 6 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 129

" )

" )

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41

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80

index

index


60

60

40

40

20

20

0

1990

1995

Nederland

2000

2005

2010

Zoete Rijkswateren

0

1999

2001

Randmeren

2003

2005

Vinkeveen

2007

2009

Meijendel en Berkheide

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150

100

50

0

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

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duidt op een voorkeur voor het noorden en westen des lands, met een opmerkelijke uitzondering in het Geuldal ELM 9ROPROHQ : 7HXQLVVHQ %HODQJULMNH FRQFHQWUDWLHVEHYLQGHQ]LFKLQKHW/DXZHUVPHHUWHUULWRULD5 .OHHIVWUD3GH%RHU 7HWMHKRUQ6FKLOGPHHU*U/ /XLMWHQ 'H :LHGHQ 2Y 1DWXXUPRQXPHQWHQ$ YDQ'LMN HQGH+RRJH%RH]HPYDQGH1HGHUZDDUGELM .LQGHUGLMN=+$.RRLMHD ,QGH%LHVERVFKZDDUGHVRRUWHHQYRRUNHXUKHHIWYRRU ELH]HQJRU]HQ HQ ]RPSLJH JUDVODQGHQ ZHUGHQ ELM HHQ LQWHJUDOH NDUWHULQJ VOHFKWV WHUULWRULD JHYRQGHQ WHJHQLQ6ODWHUXVHWDO 'HODDWVWHMDUHQ worden vrijwel geen territoria meer gemeld in de uiterZDDUGHQYDQKHWULYLHUHQJHELHG


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1985

1990

1995

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1990 1995 Nederland

2000 2005 2010 Waddengebied Deltagebied

)LJXXU.OXXW7UHQGVLQGVLQGH[ LQGHWZHH belangrijkste regio’s Waddengebied en Deltagebied, YHUJHOHNHQPHWODQGHOLMNHWUHQG3LHG$YRFHW1DWLRQDO WUHQGDQGWUHQGLQGLFHV LQWKHWZRFRUHEUHHGLQJDUHDV :DGGHQ6HDDQG'HOWDDUHD6:1HWKHUODQGV

55


600

160 140

500

120

400 index

index

100 80 60

300 200

40

100

20 0

0 1990

Nederland

56

1993

1996

Nedersaksen

1999

2002

Sleeswijk-Holstein

2005

2008

Denemarken

1990

1995

Westelijke Waddenzee

2000

2005

Oostelijke Waddenzee

2010

Eems-Dollard

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minimum

maximum

aantal

" )

1-2 3-5 6 - 10 11 - 30 geen data

" )

" )

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57


140

200

120

150 index

index

100 80 60 40

100 50

20 0

0 1990

1995

Nederland

2000

2005

2010

Zoete Rijkswateren

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

Beneden Rivieren

IJsselmeergebied

Stroomgebied Rijn

Stroomgebied Maas

2009

Randmeren

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58

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zijn er aanwijzingen dat het op zijn minst regionaal een XLW]RQGHUOLMN VOHFKW EURHGVHL]RHQ ZDV 8LW QHVWNDVWFRQWUROHVGRRU9:*/RVVHUODQJVGH'LQNHO2YEOLMNW GDW HU LQ JHPLGGHOG VOHFKWV MRQJHQ SHU SDDU XLWYORJHQQRJQRRLWZDVGLW]RODDJPHHVWDO %LM JHHQHQNHOSDDUZHUGHQLQWZHHGHRIGHUGHOHJVHOV JHYRQGHQZDWHYHQHHQV]HHUXLW]RQGHUOLMNLV'HUHGHQ ZDDURPKHWEURHGVHL]RHQ]RVOHFKWZDVLVRQEHNHQG/ +DVVLQJ9:*/RVVHU +HWXLW]RQGHUOLMNNRHOHZHHULQ PHLZDQQHHUYHHOMRQJHQYDQKHWHHUVWHEURHGVHOKRUHQXLWWHYOLHJHQNDQKHWEURHGVXFFHVKHEEHQJHGUXNW HYHQDOVGHDQLPRRPPHWQLHXZHOHJVHOVWHEHJLQQHQ 600

aantal broedparen

500 400

*

300

* *

200

*

100 0

*URWH *HOH .ZLNVWDDUW 2RLMSROGHU *O DSULO +DUYH\YDQ'LHN

*

* * ?

1975

? ? ?*

1980

? ?*?*

1985

? ?

1990

?

?

1995

2000

?* ?

2005

2010

)LJXXU *URWH *HOH .ZLNVWDDUW 3RSXODWLHRQW ZLNNHOLQJ YDQDI DDQJHYXOG QDDU %LMOVPD HW DO DOZDDURRNEURQQHQ MDUHQYROJHQGRSNRXGHUH ZLQWHU *UH\ :DJWDLO 'XWFK EUHHGLQJ SRSXODWLRQ SDLUV VLQFH DIWHUVHYHUHFROGZLQWHU

ROUWKWIKSTAART Motacilla yarrellii *HWHOG 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS"" 9ROOHGLJKHLGRQEHNHQGRQJHWZLMIHOGSDUHQJHPLVWZDDUVFKLMQOLMNYRRUDOLQZHVWHOLMNHKHOIWYDQKHWODQG =HNHUHEURHGJHYDOOHQZHUGHQYDVWJHVWHOGRS$PHODQG YURXZ5RXZNZLNVWDDUWPHWPDQ:LWWH.ZLNVWDDUWHQ MXYHQLHOHQ-+XL]HQJD 7HUVFKHOOLQJPDQQHWMHPHW YRHUQDDUQHVWYURXZRQEHNHQG'/DXWHQEDJ QDELM )HUZHUG)UQHVW++LHPVWUD LQGH3HWWHPHUGXLQHQ 1+ XLWJHYORJHQ MRQJHQ - +RRLMPDQV LQ 1DWLRQDDO 3DUN=XLG.HQQHPHUODQG1+YURXZ5RXZNZLNVWDDUW HQ PDQ :LWWH .ZLNVWDDUW PHW MXYHQLHOHQ + %XFN[

HQ ELM .ORRVWHU]DQGH =O YURXZ 5RXZNZLN PHW YRHU PDQ RQEHNHQG + %XQ 7HUULWRULD ZHUGHQ JHYRQGHQ LQ 3HWWHQ 1+ 5 &RVWHUV /RSLN 8W YURXZ Rouwkwikstaart en man Witte Kwikstaart samen fel DODUPHUHQGQDDU6WHHQXLO$%RHOH HQRS1HHOWMH-DQV ]XLYHUSDDU6/LOLSDO\ 'HWHUPLQDWLHYDQµZLWWHNZLNVWDDUWHQ¶LVODQJQLHWDOWLMG HHQYRXGLJ HQ RQGHU]RHN KHHIW DDQJHWRRQG GDW µLQWHU-

85


PHGLDLUH YRJHOV¶ UHJHOPDWLJ YRRUNRPHQ $GULDHQV et DO 'HPHHVWHYRJHOVLQ]RPHUNOHHG]LMQZHORS VRRUWQDDP WH EUHQJHQ GRRU HHQ FRPELQDWLH YDQ NHQPHUNHQ WH EHNLMNHQ PHW ELM 5RXZNZLNVWDDUW RD HHQ zwarte of zwartachtige stuit en een donkergrijze tot ]ZDUWH PDQWHO ]RQGHU GXLGHOLMNH VWUHSHQ 9RJHOV GLH zowel kenmerken vertonen van Rouwkwikstaart als Witte Kwikstaart zijn in het voorjaar niet heel zeld]DDP'HPHHVWYRRUGHKDQGOLJJHQGHYHUNODULQJLVGDW WHQPLQVWH HHQ GHHO YDQ GH]H YRJHOV K\EULGHQ EHWUHIW

PDDU GDDURYHU EHVWDDW JHHQ ]HNHUKHLG$QGHUH PRJHlijkheden zijn dat het in sommige gevallen gaat om parWLHHO PHODQLVPH ELM :LWWH .ZLNVWDDUW RI RP NOHHGYDULDWLHVELMY:LWWH.ZLNVWDDUWPHWRQJHZRRQGRQNHUH PDQWHO 5RXZNZLNVWDDUW PHW RQJHZRRQ EOHNH VWXLW :DDUQHPHUVYDQPRJHOLMNH EURHGJHYDOOHQZRUGWRSJHURHSHQLQGLHQPRJHOLMNIRWR¶VWHPDNHQHQKHWDUWLNHOXLW'XWFK%LUGLQJ$GULDHQVHWDO HURSQDWH VODDQ

WINTERKONING Troglodytes troglodytes 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS 'H :LQWHUNRQLQJ EHKRRUW WRW GH WRS YDQ WDOULMNVWH EURHGYRJHOVLQ1HGHUODQG'HVRRUWNRPWRYHUDOYRRU PDDUEHUHLNWGHKRRJVWHGLFKWKHGHQLQERVVHQHQKDOIopen landschappen met veel singels, struwelen en erfEHSODQWLQJHQ'HODQGHOLMNHVWDQGEHYLQGW]LFKPRPHQteel op eenFDKRJHUQLYHDXGDQELMGHVWDUWYDQ KHW %03 LQ PDDU LQ GH WXVVHQWLMG KHEEHQ ]LFK DDQ]LHQOLMNHÀXFWXDWLHVYRRUJHGDDQ'LHKHEEHQYRRUDO WH PDNHQ PHW KHW YRRUNRPHQ YDQ VWUHQJ ZLQWHUZHHU in koude en sneeuwrijke winters kan de populatie lanGHOLMN KDOYHUHQ HQ ORNDDO ]HOIV LQVWRUWHQ ,Q GH %03 SHULRGHGHHG]R¶Qcrash zich voor in de elfstedenwinWHUV YDQ HQ HQ RSQLHXZ LQ HQ'DDUQDKHUVWHOGHGHSRSXODWLH]LFKLQYLMI WRW]HVMDDUZHHUWRWKHWµRXGH¶QLYHDX+HWYHUVFKLOWXVsen de minimale stand na de koude winters en het hoge QLYHDXGDDUYRRUHQGDDUQDZDVLQERVVHQNOHLQHUGDQLQ KDOIRSHQHQRSHQFXOWXXUODQGGXLQHQHQPRHUDV¿JXXU 'DW SRSXODWLHÀXFWXDWLHV LQ YRRUNHXUVELRWRRS ZDWPLQGHUH[WUHHP]LMQGDQLQPHHUPDUJLQDOHKDELWDWV NRPW YDNHU YRRU HQ ZRUGW ZHO KHW µEXIIHUHIIHFW¶

JHQRHPG 2SYDOOHQG LV YHUGHU GDW KHUVWHO LQ VWHGHOLMN JHELHGQDYULMZHOLVXLWJHEOHYHQ'HWZHHPHHVW UHFHQWHZLQWHUV HQ YRRUDO GLH YDQ ZDUHQ GH HHUVWH PHW VHULHX]H NRXGHSHULRGHQ VLQGV GDW MDDU +HW HIIHFWYDQGHNRUWHNRXGHSHULRGHLQYLHOPHW HHQODJHUHODQGHOLMNHLQGH[QRJPHHPDDUQDKHW ODQJGXULJHU ZLQWHUZHHU LQ NZDP GDDU QRJ HHQVHHQGDOLQJYDQERYHQRS+HWGLHSWHSXQWYDQ midden jaren negentig was daarmee overigens nog niet EHUHLNW 'H YRRUORSLJH JHJHYHQV GXLGHQ RS HHQ YHUGHUHGDOLQJYDQQDGHHYHQHHQVNRXGHZLQWHUYDQ -DDUYHUDQGHULQJHQ LQ GH %03LQGH[ YHUWRQHQ LQGHUdaad een sterke samenhang met de strengheid van de YRRUDIJDDQGHZLQWHUXLWJHGUXNWLQKHW,-QVHQJHWDO¿JXXU %RYHQRSKHWZLQWHUHIIHFWLVHUHFKWHURRN nog een negatief effect van het populatieniveau in het YRRUJDDQGHMDDUELMHHQKRJHVWDQGLVGHYHUDQGHULQJ

1,6

1,4 verandering BMP-index

160 140

BMP-index

120 100 80

1,2

1

0,8 2

R = 0,5247

60

0,6

40 0,4

20

0

0 1984 Nederland

1990 stedelijk

1995 bos

2000 duinen

2005 moeras

20 30 vorstgetal van IJnsen

40

50

2010 halfopen

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86

10

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1,4

verandering BMP-index

A 1,2

2

2

R =0,2332

R =0,5197

1

0,8

0,6 eerstejaars

0,4 0

0,1

0,2 0,3 overlevingskans

adult

0,4

0,5

1,4

B verandering BMP-index

1,2 2

R =0,0377

1

0,8

0,6

0,4 1

1,2

1,4

1,6 1,8 2 reproductie-index

2,2

QHJDWLHYHUGDQELMHHQODJHVWDQGRQJHDFKWGHDDUGYDQ GH ZLQWHU 'DW NDQ ZLM]HQ RS KHW RSWUHGHQ YDQ GLFKWheidsafhankelijke processen, die veroorzaken dat de groei na een aantal jaren afneemt en de populatie staELOLVHHUW ,Q KHW &RQVWDQW (IIRUW 6LWH &(6 SURMHFW YDQ 9RJHO WUHNVWDWLRQ HQ 62921 YROJHQ ULQJHUV VLQGV GH MDDUOLMNVH YDULDWLH YDQ EURHGVXFFHV HQ RYHUOHYLQJ YDQ HQNHOH WLHQWDOOHQ VRRUWHQ ]DQJYRJHOV +LHURQGHU RRN GH:LQWHUNRQLQJDOOLJWKHW]ZDDUWHSXQWYDQGH&(6 DFWLYLWHLWQLHWLQERVVHQPDDULQPRHUDVVHQGXLQVWUXZHOHQHQKDOIRSHQODQGVFKDS2SJURQGYDQGH]HJHJHYHQV NXQQHQZHQDJDDQZHONHGHPRJUD¿VFKHPHFKDQLVPHQ ten grondslag liggen aan het effect van strenge winWHUVRSGHZLQWHUNRQLQJSRSXODWLH'DWEOLMNWYRRUDOWRW VWDQGWHNRPHQYLDGHRYHUOHYLQJ0HWQDPHGHRYHUleving van adulte Winterkoningen in het voorafgaande MDDUYHUNODDUWUXLPYDQGHDDQWDOVVFKRPPHOLQJHQ ¿JXXUD +HWYHUEDQGPHWGHRYHUOHYLQJYDQGH HHUVWHMDDUVYRJHOVLV]ZDNNHUYDQGHYDULDWLHYHUNODDUG PLVVFKLHQ ZHO GRRUGDW GLW FLMIHU YRRU HHUVWHMDDUVHHQFRPELQDWLHLVYDQGHZHUNHOLMNHRYHUOHYLQJVkans en de kans op vestiging als territoriumhouder in KHW JHERRUWHJHELHG ]LH SDU +HW EURHGVXFFHV LQ KHW YRRUJDDQGH MDDU XLWJHGUXNW LQ GH µUHSURGXFWLHLQGH[¶GLHJHYRHOLJLVYRRU]RZHOKHWVXFFHVYDQEURHG-

2,4

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2,6

SRJLQJHQDOVYDQKHWDDQWDOEURHGSRJLQJHQSHUVHL]RHQ KHHIWYULMZHOJHHQ]LFKWEDDUHIIHFWRSGHMDDUOLMNVHSRSXODWLHYHUDQGHULQJHQ¿JXXUE De overleving van volwassen en jonge Winterkoningen KDQJW QDXZ VDPHQ PHW KHW ZLQWHUZHHU ¿JXXU 'DDUELMJHHIWKHWYRUVWJHWDOYDQ,-QVHQGDWHHQJHZRgen optelling is van het aantal vorstdagen, ijsdagen en ]HHU NRXGH GDJHQ LQ HHQ ZLQWHU HHQ EHWHUH YRRUVSHOOLQJYDQGHRYHUOHYLQJYHUNODDUGHYDULDQWLHYRRU DGXOWH YRRU HHUVWHMDDUV GDQ KHW DDQWDO GDJHQ PHWVQHHXZEHGHNNLQJUHVSHQ (HQPRJHOLMNHYHUNODULQJKLHUYRRULVGDW:LQWHUNRQLQJHQELMHHQ sneeuwdek en niet te koude omstandigheden nog wel voldoende voedsel kunnen vinden in de struiklaag en LQ VFKRUVVSOHWHQ YDQ VWDPPHQ HQ WDNNHQ YDQ ERPHQ maar niet meer wanneer potentiële prooidieren hier GRRU YRUVW ZRUGHQ JHwPPRELOLVHHUG 'DDUQDDVW LV ELM NRX QDWXXUOLMN PHHU HQHUJLH QRGLJ RP ZDUP WH EOLMYHQHQGDWHIIHFWLVELM]R¶QNOHLQYRJHOWMHH[WUDJURRW 2YHUOHHIW LQ PLOGH ZLQWHUV ]R¶Q YDQ GH YROZDVsen Winterkoningen, in echt koude winters daalt dat tot FD'DWKHWHIIHFWELMHHUVWHMDDUVPLQGHUVWHUNLV lijkt misschien verrassend, maar ook dit is wellicht te YHUNODUHQGRRUGDWGHEHUHNHQGHRYHUOHYLQJYDQHHUVWHMDDUVPHHUGDQELMDGXOWHYRJHOV RRNHHQFRPSRQHQW YDQYHVWLJLQJLQKHWEURHGJHELHGRPYDW0RJHOLMNKHE-

87


0,5

jaarlijkse overlevingskans

EHQMRQJHQGLHGHZLQWHURYHUOHHIGHQMXLVWELMHHQODJH stand een grotere kans om een territorium te verwerYHQ QDELM KXQ JHERRUWHSOHN HQ GDW ]RX HHQ ZLQWHUHIIHFWRSGHRYHUOHYLQJJHGHHOWHOLMNFRPSHQVHUHQ,QGH &(6JHJHYHQV LV KLHUYRRU ZHO HHQ DDQZLM]LQJ WH YLQden, mits we aannemen dat de werkelijke overleving van jonge en volwassen Winterkoningen onder invloed YDQ KHW ZLQWHUZHHU RQJHYHHU SDUDOOHO ÀXFWXHUHQ +HW effect van de winterkou op de gemeten overleving van HHUVWHMDDUV WRRQW HHQ WHQGHQV RP DFKWHU WH EOLMYHQ ELM GLHYDQGHDGXOWHYRJHOVQDDUPDWHGH%03LQGH[LQKHW YRRUJDDQGHMDDUKRJHUZDV'LWZLMVWHURSGDWGHNDQV RSYHVWLJLQJYRRUMRQJHYRJHOVELMHHQKRJHVWDQGLQGHUGDDGNOHLQHULV In tegenstelling tot de overleving vertoont de reproGXFWLHLQGH[JHHQYHUEDQGPHWKHW,-QVHQJHWDONRXGH ZLQWHUVOHLGHQGXVQLHWWRWPHUNEDUHSUREOHPHQELMGH oudervogels om eieren te produceren of voedsel te vinGHQYRRUKXQMRQJHQ'HUHSURGXFWLHLQGH[KDQJWRRN niet samen met het populatieniveau in hetzelfde jaar, maar neemt wel enigszins af met hoogte van de stand LQKHWYRRUJDDQGHMDDU'DWLVZDWUDDGVHODFKWLJRPGDW vanuit het idee van concurrentie om voedsel of andere KXOSEURQQHQHHUGHUHHQYHUEDQGPHWGHVWDQGLQKHWORSHQGHMDDU]RX]LMQWHYHUZDFKWHQ De verklaring voor het instorten van de winterkoningpopulatie in koude winters ligt dus in het effect van winWHUNRX RS GH RYHUOHYLQJ KHW UHSURGXFWLHVXFFHV KHHIW KLHU ZHLQLJ YDQ WH OLMGHQ 0LQGHU GXLGHOLMN LV ZHONH GHPRJUD¿VFKHIDFWRUHQHUYRRU]RUJHQGDWGHSRSXODWLH QDKHWKHUVWHOQLHWEOLMIWGRRUJURHLHQPDDUJDDWVFKRPPHOHQ URQG HHQ VWDELHO QLYHDX$OV HHQPDDO UHNHQLQJ

adult

eerstejaars

0,4

0,3

0,2 2

R =0,6226

0,1 2

R =0,4764

0 0

10

20 30 vorstgetal van IJnsen

40

50

)LJXXU :LQWHUNRQLQJ 9HUEDQG WXVVHQ GH MDDUOLMNVH RYHUOHYLQJVNDQVHQ YDQ DGXOWH HQ HHUVWHMDDUV YRJHOVHQGHVWUHQJKHLGYDQGHWXVVHQOLJJHQGHZLQWHU XLWJHGUXNWLQKHWYRUVWJHWDOYDQ,-QVHQ:LQWHU:UHQ 5HODWLRQEHWZHHQDQQXDOVXUYLYDORIDGXOWDQGMXYHQLOHVDQGZLQWHUVHYHULW\

is gehouden met het effect van winterkou, is er op de overleving van adulte Winterkoningen geen aanvullend HIIHFW]LFKWEDDUYDQGHSRSXODWLHJURRWWHLQKHWYRRUDIJDDQGHMDDU%LMGHHHUVWHMDDUVYRJHOVOLMNWGDWRRNQLHW het geval, maar is de kans dat de overlevende vogels ]LFKLQKXQJHERRUWHJHELHGNXQQHQYHVWLJHQPRJHOLMN ZHOJURWHUELMHHQODJHVWDQG,QKRHYHUUHKHWUHSURGXFtiesucces samenhangt met het populatieniveau, en dus HHQ VWDELOLVHUHQGH IDFWRU NDQ YRUPHQ LV QRJ QLHW KHOHPDDO GXLGHOLMN 2QJHWZLMIHOG ]DO KHW EHHOG VFKHUSHU worden naarmate zich in de komende jaren nog meer &(6JHJHYHQVRSVWDSHOHQ

NOORDSE NACHTEGAAL /XVFLQLDOXVFLQLD *HWHOG 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS"" 9ROOHGLJKHLGRQEHNHQGZDDUQHPLQJHQZRUGHQEHRRUGHHOGGRRUGH&'1$ ,QWZHHJHELHGHQZDUHQ]LQJHQGH1RRUGVH1DFKWHJDOHQ lang genoeg aanwezig om van een territorium te kunQHQ VSUHNHQ 9DQ PHL WRW HQ PHW MXQL ]RQJ HHQ vogel dagelijks op de voormalige afvalstortplaats het 5LNNHULQN ELM 'HOGHQ 2Y YDQ GHQ$NNHU GH -RQJ ,Q0HLQHUVZLMNELM$UQKHP*O]RQJHHQH[HPSODDU YDQ PHL WRW HQ PHW MXQL ' 5HQVVHQ + 'HUNVHD %HLGHZDDUQHPLQJHQ]LMQDDQYDDUGGRRUGH &'1$2YDDHWDO HQGDWJHOGWRRNYRRUNRUW-

88

VWRQGLJ]LQJHQGHH[HPSODUHQLQGH*URHQODQGHQLQGH 2RLMSROGHU*OPHL(YDQ:LQGHQHD HQELM 'HQHNDPS2YPHL+0HHNHD (HQYRJHOGLH RS MXQL ZHUG JHKRRUG LQ 'HYHQWHU 2Y LV QLHW LQJHGLHQG 0 +LUVFKOHU 'XLGHOLMNH DDQZLM]LQJHQ YRRU HHQEURHGJHYDORQWEUDNHQRSDOOHORFDWLHV'HZDDUQHPLQJHQELM'HOGHQHQ'HQHNDPSEHWHNHQGHQGHHHUVWH YRRU2YHULMVVHO


GEKRAAGDE ROODSTAART 3KRHQLFXUXVSKRHQLFXUXV 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS 'H*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUWODDWLQ1HGHUODQGYDQDI HHQ PDWLJH DIQDPH ]LHQ 'H]H DFKWHUXLWJDQJ YRQG YRRUDOWXVVHQHQSODDWV ZDDUQDVWDELOLVDWLHRSWUDG'HWUHQGVYHUVFKLOOHQVWHUNWXVVHQUHJLR¶VHQKDELWDWV¿JXXU 0HWQDPHGHWRHQDPHV LQODDJYHHQ]HHNOHLHQULYLHUHQJHELHGVDPHQ/DDJ 1HGHUODQG OLMNHQYHUDQWZRRUGHOLMNYRRUGHVWDELOLVDWLH YDQGHODQGHOLMNHWUHQGQD'HLQGLFHVYDQGLHUHJLR¶VVWHJHQVLQGVPHWWHUZLMOGHGXLQJHELHGHQKHWKDOIRSHQFXOWXXUODQGVFKDSHQPHWQDPHGH ERVJHELHGHQRSGH]DQGJURQGHQYDQ+RRJ1HGHUODQG EHKRRUOLMNH DIQDPH ODWHQ ]LHQ =RXGHQ GH YRJHOV LQ /DDJ1HGHUODQGSUR¿WHUHQ YDQ RSJURHLHQ XLWEUHLGLQJ YDQERVDUHDDO"2RNELQQHQGHERVVHQRSGH]DQGJURQGHQ EHVWDDQ GXLGHOLMNH YHUVFKLOOHQ PHW HHQ VWDELHOH trend op de zandgronden in het zuiden van het land en HHQPDWLJHDIQDPHLQGHERVVHQLQKHWQRRUGHQRRVWHQ HQYRRUDORSGH9HOXZH¿JXXU +HWEURHGVHL]RHQ]HOIZDVHFKWHUYRRUKHWHHUVW VLQGVHHQJRHGMDDUYRRUGH*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUW LQ GH ERVJHELHGHQ 'LW MDDU OLHW HHQ VWLMJLQJ YDQ ]LHQ 'H WRHQDPH ZDV KHW VWHUNVW RS GH 9HOXZH (U PDJZRUGHQDDQJHQRPHQGDWGHKRJHUHVFRUHVLQ

YHUEDQGKRXGHQPHWUHODWLHIJXQVWLJHRPVWDQGLJKHGHQ LQGH$IULNDDQVHRYHUZLQWHULQJVJHELHGHQ2RNDQGHUH Sahel-gangers als Rietzanger en Grasmus deden het in LPPHUVJRHG+HWLVHFKWHUJRHGWHEHVHIIHQGDWGH KXLGLJH1HGHUODQGVHSRSXODWLHYROJHQVVRPPLJHQQRJ maar een fractie is van die in de eerste helft van de vorige eeuw, een gevolg van droogteperioden in de Sahel HQKDELWDWYHUOLHVLQ]RZHOGHZLQWHUDOVEURHGJHELHGHQ =ZDUWVHWDO 'H*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUWODDWLQ KHW9HUHQLJG.RQLQNULMNVRRUWJHOLMNHWUHQGEHZHJLQJHQ ]LHQWXVVHQHQZZZEWRRUJ *HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUWHQZHUGHQLQDOVEURHGYRJHOJHUHJLVWUHHUGLQ%03SURHIYODNNHQ'HKRRJVWHGLFKWKHGHQZHUGHQJHYRQGHQLQQDDOGERVWHUULWRULDSHUKD JHYROJGGRRUSDUNHQHQWXLQHQ RSHQ HQ KDOIRSHQ GXLQ KHLGH KRRJYHHQ VWXLI]DQG ORRIERVHQJHPHQJGERV HQVWHGHOLMN JHELHG 1DDVWGHGLFKWKHLGVYHUVFKLOOHQ]LMQHURRN WUHQGYHUVFKLOOHQWXVVHQORRIJHPHQJGERVHQQDDOGERV ¿JXXU 7XVVHQHQEOHHIGHGLFKWKHLG LQ GH ORRI HQ JHPHQJGH ERVVHQ YULM VWDELHO RP YHUvolgens tot de eeuwwisseling te halveren en daarna te VWDELOLVHUHQ,QGHQDDOGERVVHQGDDOGHQGHGLFKWKHGHQ

250

A

index

200 150 100 50 0

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Nederland

zandgrond-bos

laagveen en zeeklei

rivierengebied

halfopen cultuurland

250

)LJXXU*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUW Aantalsontwikkeling in de periode 200 LQ YHUVFKLOOHQGH UHJLRV ,Q ERYHQVWH ¿JXXU D ]LMQ RSJHQR150 PHQ 1HGHUODQG ]DQGJURQGERVVHQ ODDJYHHQ ]HHNOHL KHW ULYLHUHQJH100 ELHG HQ KDOIRSHQ FXOWXXUODQG ,Q GH RQGHUVWH ¿JXXU E ZRUGHQ GH ERVsen op de zandgronden verder op50 JHVSOLWVW LQ 1RRUG 2RVW HQ =XLG 1HGHUODQGHQGH9HOXZH&RPPRQ 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 5HGVWDUW7UHQGLQLQ7KH zandgrond zuid 1HWKHUODQGVDQGLQHLJKWUHJLRQV zandgrond Veluwe zandgrond noord zandgrond oost

index

B

89


dichtheid (territoria per 10 ha)

1,4 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0

1984

1989

1994

1999

loofbos / gemengd bos

2004

2009

naaldbos

)LJXXU *HNUDDJGH 5RRGVWDDUW 'LFKWKHLG DDQWDO WHUULWRULD SHU KD LQ GH SHULRGH LQ WZHHKDELWDWVORRIHQJHPHQJGERVJHPSRVLWLHYH SURHIYODNNHQ SHU MDDU HQ WHUULWRULD HQ QDDOGERV UHVS &RPPRQ5HGVWDUW1XPEHURIWHUULWRULDSHUKDLQ7KH1HWKHUODQGVLQGHFLGXRXVPL[HG IRUHVW µORRI HQ JHPHQJG ERV¶ HQ FRQLIHURXV IRUHVW µQDDOGERV¶

YDQDI PHW JHPLGGHOG 1D HHQ NOHLQH RSOHYLQJWXVVHQHQLVGHRQWZLNNHOLQJYHUJHOLMNEDDUPHWGLHYDQGHORRIERVVHQHQGHJHPHQJGH ERVVHQ'HKRRJVWHGLFKWKHLGLQWHUULWRULD KD LQORRIERVZHUGJHYRQGHQLQGH(VVFKHSODDWKD DDQGHQRRUGRHYHUYDQKHW+DULQJYOLHW=+7HUYHUJHOLMNLQJGHJHPLGGHOGHGLFKWKHLGRYHUQHJHQ%03SURHIYODNNHQKD LQGH9HOXZVHERVVHQEHGURHJµPDDU¶ WHUULWRULDSHUKD'HKRRJVWHGLFKWKHGHQLQJURWH SURHIYODNNHQ PHW QDDOGERVVHQ ZHUG JHYRQGHQ LQ KHW :HVWHUHQ2RVWHU]DQGUHVSKD ELM8IIHOWH'U PHWUHVSHQWHUULWRULDSHUKD'HGLFKWKHGHQ in proefvlakken van slechts enkele tientallen ha lopen XLWHUDDUGYDDNKRJHURS

0HW GH JHJHYHQV XLW KHW 0HHWQHW 1HVWNDDUW NDQ LQ GHWDLO QDDU KHW EURHGVHL]RHQ YDQ GH *HNUDDJGH 5RRGVWDDUW ZRUGHQ JHNHNHQ +HW QHVWVXFFHV DDQGHHO nesten dat tenminste één uitgevlogen jong oplevert, 0D\¿HOGPHWKRGH LQ ZDV PHW KHHO QRUPDDOGHJHPLGGHOGHOHJVHOJURRWWHZDVKRRJHLHUHQ SHU QHVW PDDU KHW DDQWDO XLWJHYORJHQ MRQJHQ SHU JHVWDUWQHVWPHWJHPLGGHOG:DQQHHUDOOHHQQDDUGH succesvolle nesten wordt gekeken, vlogen gemiddeld MRQJHQ XLW 'H OHJVHOJURRWWH ODDW JHHQ GXLGHOLMNH WUHQG ]LHQ YDQDI ¿JXXU PDDU EHGHQN GDW het aantal nestkaarten in de meeste jaren erg klein is HQ GH UHVXOWDWHQ GXV KRRJXLW LQGLFDWLHI ]LMQ JHHI GXV GRRUGLHQHVWJHJHYHQVYDQ*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUWHQ Het lijkt er wel op dat de legsels in de jaren tachtig wat JURWHU ZDUHQ GDQ WHJHQZRRUGLJ JHPLGGHOG HLHUHQ JHEDVHHUG RS QHVWHQ JHPLGGHOGRSQHVWHQ +HWQHVWVXFFHVOLMNWYDQDIGH MDUHQ]HVWLJPLQRIPHHUVWDELHOJHPLGGHOG PHW DOV XLWHUVWHQ HQ 0D\¿HOG PHWKRGH +HW LV RQEHNHQG RI KHW DDQWDO XLWJHYORJHQ MRQJHQHHQWUHQGYHUWRRQWRPGDWYyyUQDXZHOLMNV GDWD EHVFKLNEDDU ]LMQ JHPLGGHOG LQ MRQJHQSHUJHVWDUWQHVW 'H YURHJVWH JHUHJLVWUHHUGH HHUVWH HLOHJ LQ ZHUG JHPHOGRSDSULOXLWHHQQHVWNDVWRSGH9UHGHSHHOELM %DNHO1%%DOOHULQJ 'HJHPLGGHOGHHHUVWHHLOHJGDWXPZDVPHLHQYDOWGDDUPHHGDJHQHHUGHUGDQ LQ ¿JXXU (HQ YHUYURHJLQJ YDQ GH HHUVWH HLOHJZRUGWRRNELMPH]HQHQGH%RQWH9OLHJHQYDQJHU JHFRQVWDWHHUG /DQJORSHQGH RQGHU]RHN RS GH +RJH 9HOXZH YDQ KHW 1HGHUODQGV ,QVWLWXXW YRRU (FRORJLH 1,22 ODDW ]LHQ GDW GH UXSVHQSLHN VLQGV UXLP WZHHZHNHQLVYHUYURHJG%RWKHWDO .RROPHHV en Pimpelmees laten over deze periode een vervroeging YDQGHHLOHJ]LHQYDQHYHQHHQVWZHHZHNHQPDDUELM Afrika-gangers als Bonte Vliegenvanger en Gekraagde

29 mei 25 mei

7

21 mei

6,5 datum

legselgrootte (eieren per legsel)

7,5

6 5,5

05 mei

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

)LJXXU *HNUDDJGH 5RRGVWDDUW /HJVHOJURRWWH DDQWDOHLHUHQSHUOHJVHO LQ1HGHUODQGLQ 'H JHJHYHQV ]LMQ DINRPVWLJ YDQ KHW 0HHWQHW 1HVW NDDUWHQHQKHEEHQEHWUHNNLQJRSJHPLGGHOGQHVWHQ SHUMDDUXLWHUVWHQHQ LQHQJHPLGGHOGQHVWHQSHUMDDUXLWHUVWHQHQ LQ &RPPRQ5HGVWDUW&OXWFKVL]HLQ

90

13 mei 09 mei

5 4,5 1962 1965

17 mei

01 mei 1962 1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

)LJXXU*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUW*HPLGGHOGHVWDUW YDQ GH HLOHJ LQ GH SHULRGH 'H JHJHYHQV ]LMQDINRPVWLJYDQKHW0HHWQHW1HVWNDDUWHQHQKHEEHQ EHWUHNNLQJRSJHPLGGHOGQHVWHQSHUMDDUXLWHUVWHQ LQ HQ QHVWHQ SHU MDDU XLWHUVWHQ LQ &RPPRQ 5HGVWDUW 0HDQ ¿UVW OD\LQJGDWHLQ


5RRGVWDDUWLVGHYHUYURHJLQJYDQUHVSWLHQHQYLMIGDJHQJHULQJHU0HHWQHW1HVWNDDUWHQ629211LHQKXLV HWDO 'HµKLVWRULVFKHGDWD¶XLWGHMDUHQ]HVWLJYDQ de vorige eeuw laten veel spreiding zien in de timing van de eileg, maar met gemiddeld wel een latere datum ¿JXXU +HWLVQLHWGXLGHOLMNZDWGHRRU]DDNLVYDQGLWYHUVFKLO Lang werd gedacht dat trekvogels die uit Afrika moeten komen onvoldoende in staat waren om te anticiperen RSHHQYURHJHUYRRUMDDULQGH(XURSHVHEURHGJHELHGHQ Recent is ontdekt dat er toch wel een zeker mate van ÀH[LELOLWHLW LV PDDU OLMNHQ GH YRJHOV LQ LHGHU JHYDO %RQWH9OLHJHQYDQJHUV RRNODVWWHKHEEHQYDQKHWIHLW GDWWLMGHQVGHWUHNGRRU=XLG(XURSDGHWHPSHUDWXUHQ

niet zijn toegenomen, waardoor ze minder makkelijk VQHO NXQQHQ GRRUWUHNNHQ %RWK $DQ GH DQGHUH NDQW]LMQHUZHOHQLJHDDQSDVVLQJHQPRJHOLMN=RNXQnen vogels verder doorvliegen naar het noorden of ORNDOH KDELWDWV ]RHNHQ ZDDU GH UXSVHQSLHN QRJ QLHW EHJRQQHQLV2SORNDOHVFKDDOLQ'UHQWKHLVGDWDOZDDUJHQRPHQ %RQWH 9OLHJHQYDQJHUV GLH UHODWLHI ODDW XLW hun eieren kwamen ten opzichte van de lokale uitloop van de eiken vestigden zich later in het leven verder YDQKXQJHERRUWHJHELHG%RWKet al 2IGLWRRN JHOGWYRRUGH*HNUDDJGH5RRGVWDDUWLVQLHWEHNHQGHQ is ook lastig vast te stellen omdat het aantal Gekraagde Roodstaart-legsels in nestkasten thans simpelweg te NOHLQLVRPHUJRHGRQGHU]RHNDDQWHGRHQ

PAAPJE 6D[LFRODUXEHWUD 5RGH/LMVW%( 1DWXUD *HWHOGVFKDWWLQJSRSXODWLH 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS" 9ROOHGLJKHLGNHUQJHELHGHQYULMJRHGRQGHU]RFKWGHOHQYDQ=XLG'UHQWKHRQYROOHGLJJHWHOG ,QODDWKHW3DDSMHLQHHQDDQWDOEHODQJULMNHJHELHGHQHHQYRRUXLWJDQJ]LHQYDQRQJHYHHU]LHWDEHO 'H]H WRHQDPH NRPW YRRUDO RS UHNHQLQJ YDQ KHW )RFKWHORsUYHHQ )HHQVWUD HQ 'ZLQJHOGHUYHOG .OHLQH LQGHRYHULJHJHELHGHQZDUHQGHDDQWDOVRQWZLNNHOLQJHQQLHWHHQGXLGLJ%XLWHQGH]HNHUQJHELHden zijn er ook concentraties vastgesteld in de Peizer (HOGHUPDGHQ'USDUHQLQSHUFHOHQGLH XLWKHWUHJXOLHUHDJUDULVFKHEHKHHU]LMQJHKDDOG HQLQ KHW:LWWHUYHOGRQGHU$VVHQSDUHQ ,QGHGULHQRRUdelijke provincies zijn her en der nog paren vastgesteld LQ2RVW)ULHVODQGHQLQGHVWUHHNWXVVHQ*URQLQJHQVWDG HQ:LQVFKRWHQYDDNRSGHJUHQVYDQ]DQGYHHQHQ NOHLJURQG 2YHULMVVHO*HOGHUODQGHQ8WUHFKWWHOGHQ UHVSHFWLHYHOLMNSDDU3DDSMHV9HUGHU]XLGHOLMNZHUG ]RZHOLQGH%UDEDQWVH%LHVERVFKDOVLQ0RGGHUYHOGHQ WXVVHQ 2LVWHUZLMN HQ 'H .DPSLQD 1% VWHHGV ppQ

EURHGYHUGDFKW 3DDSMH JHPHOG 2S ppQ JHYDO LQ =XLG Kennemerland na zijn in de gehele duinstreek geen 3DDSMHVPHHUDOVEURHGYRJHOJHPHOG'LWVOXLWDDQELM GH UHFHQWH LQIRUPDWLH LQ GH 1RRUG+ROODQGVH EURHGYRJHODWODV6FKDUULQJDHWDO ,QGHMDUHQWDFKWLJ WHOGH1RRUG+ROODQGQRJSDUHQ In Vlaanderen wordt de soort inmiddels uit uitgestorYHQEHVFKRXZG$QVHOLQ

aantal 0 1 0 2

" )

1-5 6 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 100

" )

7DEHO3DDSMH$DQWDOEURHGSDUHQLQGHWLHQEHODQJULMNVWHNHUQJHELHGHQLQVFKDWWLQJHQWXVVHQ KDDNMHV :KLQFKDW%UHHGLQJQXPEHUVLQLQ WKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWDUHDVHVWLPDWHVEHWZHHQEUDFNHWV Gebied

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

)RFKWHORsUYHHQ)U'U 'ZLQJHOGHUYHOG'U 9OHGGHU :DSVHUYHHQVH$D'U 'UHQWVH$D 'UHQWV)ULHVH:ROG (HQHU 7HPSHOVWXNNHQ'U :HVWHUZROGH*U %DUJHUYHHQ'U /DXZHUVPHHU*U)U 2XGH9DDUW+DYHOWH'U

)LJXXU 3DDSMH %URHGYHUVSUHLGLQJ LQ :KLQFKDW%UHHGLQJGLVWULEXWLRQLQ

91


TAPUIT Oenanthe oenanthe 5RGH/LMVW%( 1DWXUD *HWHOGVFKDWWLQJSRSXODWLH 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS 9ROOHGLJKHLG NHUQJHELHGHQ JRHG RQGHU]RFKW PXY GXLQHQ YDQ $PHODQG YRRUNRPHQ RS GHOHQ YDQ 9HOXZHQLHWJHKHHOGXLGHOLMNRD'RRUQVSLMNVH+HLGH2OGHQEURHN 'H 7DSXLW ODDW QHW DOV KHW 3DDSMH LQ HHQ OLFKWH YRRUXLWJDQJ]LHQYDQRQJHYHHURSEDVLVYDQWRWDOHQYDQGHEHODQJULMNVWHJHELHGHQGLHEHLGHMDUHQJHWHOG ]LMQ WDEHO ,Q KHW 'UHQWV)ULHVH :ROG ZDDU GH7DSXLWHQXLWVOXLWHQG]LWWHQLQKHW$HNLQJHU]DQGHR SDUHQ HQRSKHW'ROGHUVXPPHUYHOG NRPWGH toename vooral voor rekening van het eerstgenoemde JHELHG 8LWEUHLGLQJ YDQ VWXLI]DQGKHLGHELRWRRS GRRU ERVNDS HQ YHUZLMGHULQJ YDQ GH RUJDQLVFKH ERYHQODDJ VSHHOWGH7DSXLWKLHULQGHNDDUWPDDUWHYHQVEOLMNWKHW SURRLDDQERG HU DDQ]LHQOLMN KRJHU GDQ RS GH 9HOXZVH VWXLI]DQGKHLGHJHELHGHQ YDQ GH +RJH 9HOXZH HQ KHW .RRWZLMNHU]DQG1LMVVHQHWDO (OGHUVLQ'UHQWKH HQ2RVW)ULHVODQG]LMQRS]HVDQGHUHKHLGHWHUUHLQHQQRJ SDUHQJHWHOG,Q1RRUGRRVW*URQLQJHQ]LMQPLQVWHQV paren, waaronder met alarmerende ouders, vastgesteld LQGHRPJHYLQJYDQ1LHXZH3HNHODHQ%OLMKDP2SGH 9HOXZHJLQJKHWEXLWHQGHSDUHQRSGH+RJH9HOXZH meest om solitaire paren op de volgende heide- of stuif]DQGJHELHGHQ +XOVKRUVWHU]DQG :HNHURPVH =DQG *LQNHOVH=DQGHQ2XG5HHPVWHU]DQG,QGHPHHVWHYDQ GH]H9HOXZVH JHELHGHQ ]LMQ ERVVHQ HQ RSVODJ YHUZLMGHUG,Q1RRUG%UDEDQW]LMQDOOHHQRSGH6WUDEUHFKWVH +HLGHSDUHQJHQRWHHUG Het merendeel van de landelijke populatie zit in de duiQHQWXVVHQKHW1RRU]HHNDQDDOHQ'HQ+HOGHUSDUHQ HQ RS GH:DGGHQHLODQGHQ 9RRU]RYHU EHNHQG schommelt de stand hier momenteel, maar neemt deze

QLHWPHHUVWHUN DI,QGH]XLGHOLMNGXLQVWURRNZHUGHQ QRJ HQNHOLQJHQ DOV ZDDUVFKLMQOLMNH EURHGYRJHO JHPHOGLQ0HLMHQGHOELM:DVVHQDDU=+HQ2UDQMH]RQRS :DOFKHUHQ =O ,Q GH 0DWWHQKDYHQ RS 1HHOWMH -DQV =O ZHUGRSMXOLHHQDGXOWPHWHHQQHWXLWJHYORJHQMRQJ gezien en in de Van Haaften- & Hollarepolder in het noordoosten van Tholen een fel alarmerend vrouwtje PHWPDQQHWMHLQGHEXXUW,QKHW'HOWDJHELHG]LMQYHUGHUQRJRSYLMISODDWVHQ7DSXLWHQJHPHOGZDDUELMKHW ]RQGHUQDGHUHVSHFL¿FDWLHPRHLOLMNWHEHRRUGHOHQYDOW RIKHWGDDGZHUNHOLMNHEURHGHUVZDUHQ%URHGYHUGDFKWH Tapuiten zijn ook gemeld langs de Friese en Groningse :DGGHQNXVW ,Q GH NZHOGHUV ELM 0DUUXP )U LQ WRWDDO ZDDUYDQLQHONJHYDOppQPHWYRHGVHOYRRUMRQJHQ /DQJV GH *URQLQJVH NXVW ]DWHQ HU ZDDUYDQ PHW YRHGVHO YRRU MRQJHQ RS GLMNHQ WXVVHQ 3LHWHUEXUHQ HQ 'HQ$QGHOHQHHQYLHUGHLQGH/DXZHUSROGHUEHQRRUGHQ8VTXHUW Weet de Tapuit zich in ons land regionaal nog enigszins te handhaven, in België lijkt zijn lot, op enkele paren ODQJVGHNXVWQDEH]HJHOG$QVHOLQ

aantal 0 1 0 2

" )

1-2 3-5 6 - 10 11 - 50

" )

" )

" ) " )

" )

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2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

'UHQWV)ULHVH:ROG 1RRUGGXLQHQH[FO%RWJDW 1+ " 3HWWHPHUGXLQHQLQFO%RWJDW 1+ 7H[HOGXLQHQ $PHODQGGXLQHQ 9OLHODQGGXLQHQ 1RRUG+ROODQGV'XLQUHVHUYDDW 7HUVFKHOOLQJGXLQHQ " +RJH9HOXZH =ZDQHQZDWHU1+

92

"

)LJXXU 7DSXLW %URHGYHUVSUHLGLQJ LQ 1RUWKHUQ:KHDWHDU%UHHGLQJGLVWULEXWLRQLQ


MEREL 7XUGXVPHUXOD 7UHQGYDQDIUHVS 'H 0HUHO ZDV URQG GH HHXZZLVVHOLQJ GH WDOULMNVWH 1HGHUODQGVH EURHGYRJHO 'H VRRUW RQWEUDN LQ GH DWODVSHULRGHYDQDOOHHQLQHHQDDQWDOVFKDDUV EHJURHLGH DWODVEORNNHQ LQ GH :DGGHQ]HH 9OLHKRUV 5RWWXPHURRJHQ±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¿JXXU 2S SURYLQFLDDOQLYHDX]LHQ086WHOOHUVLQ)ULHVODQGHFKWHURSYDOOHQGJHQRHJGHPHHVWH0HUHOVJHYROJGGRRU 2YHULMVVHOHQ*HOGHUODQG+HWODDJVWHDDQWDO0HUHOVSHU WHOSXQW ZHUG JH]LHQ LQ *URQLQJHQ 1RRUG+ROODQG HQ =XLG+ROODQG$OVZHLQ]RRPHQRSKHWERXZMDDU]LMQ LQ JHVORWHQ EHERXZLQJ ZLMNHQ XLW GH MDUHQ ]HYHQWLJ HQ WDFKWLJ KHW PHHVW SRSXODLU ELM 0HUHOV ,Q RSHQ EHERXZLQJ]LMQGHYHUVFKLOOHQLQGLFKWKHGHQYHHOPLQGHU

0HUHO PDQQHWMH *UHYHQEULFKW /E MXQL 5DQ 6FKROV

uitgesproken en doen de jongere wijken weinig onder YRRU GLH XLW GH MDUHQ WDFKWLJ 'H RXGVWH ZLMNHQ YDQ YyyU GH 7ZHHGH :HUHOGRRUORJ ]LMQ KHW PLQVW LQ WUHN ELM0HUHOV 6LQGV GH VWDUW YDQ KHW %03 LQ LV GH ODQGHOLMNH PHUHOSRSXODWLHYHUGHUWRHJHQRPHQ¿JXXU 'H]H WRHQDPHYRQGSODDWVLQDOOHKDELWDWVPHWXLW]RQGHULQJ YDQGHERVVHQ+LHULVGHVWDQGVLQGVLQGHPHHVWH UHJLR¶V VWDELHO LQ GH ERVVHQ YDQ /DDJ1HGHUODQG HQ

2000-09 / open 1990-2000 / open 1980-89 / open 1970-79 / open 1960-69 / open 1940-59 / open 1900-40 / open <1900 / open 2000-09 / gesloten 1990-2000 / gesloten 1980-89 / gesloten 1970-79 / gesloten 1960-69 / gesloten 1940-59 / gesloten 1900-40 / gesloten <1900 / gesloten

Laag-NL Hoog-NL

0

10

20 30 40 aantal per 10 MUS-telpunten

)LJXXU 0HUHO *HPLGGHOG DDQWDO H[HPSODUHQSHUWLHQWHOSXQWHQLQKHW0HHW QHW 8UEDQH 6RRUWHQ 086 XLWJHVSOLWVW QDDU ERXZMDDU RSHQ HQ JHVORWHQ EHERX ZLQJ HQ +RRJ HQ /DDJ1HGHUODQG &RPPRQ %ODFNELUG 'LVWULEXWLRQ LQ UHODWLRQWRXUEDQIHDWXUHV

50

120 100

)LJXXU0HUHO/DQGHOLMNHWUHQG%03 HQWUHQGLQERV%03 HQVWHGHOLMNJHELHG 086 &RPPRQ %ODFNELUG %UHHGLQJ SRSXODWLRQ LQGLFHV LQ XUEDQ SORWV DQG LQ WKH &RPPRQ %UHHGLQJ %LUGV &HQVXV DQG

index

80 60 40 20 0 1984

1989

1994

BMP (Nederland)

1999 BMP (bos)

2004

2009

MUS

93


1,15 1,1 1,05 1 0,95

R2 = 0,19

0,9 0,85 0,8 0

10

20 30 40 aantal sneeuwdagen

50

)LJXXU0HUHO-DDUOLMNVHYHUDQGHULQJHQLQODQGHOLMNH%03LQGH[HQ LQUHODWLHWRWKHWDDQWDO GDJHQPHWVQHHXZEHGHNNLQJLQGHYRRUDIJDDQGHZLQWHU JHJHYHQV.10, &RPPRQ%ODFNELUG$QQXDOSRSXODWLRQFKDQJHVLQUHODWLRQWRSHULRGGD\V RIVQRZFRYHULQSUHFHGLQJZLQWHU

$FKWHUKRHN7ZHQWH ]LMQ GH DDQWDOOHQ ]HOIV OLFKW DIJHQRPHQ 2SYDOOHQG LV GDW ]RZHO GH ODQGHOLMNH LQGH[HQ %03 DOVGHLQGH[HQYRRUERVVHQ%03 HQVWHGHOLMN JHELHG086 YDQDIJHVWDDJ]LMQDIJHQRPHQ,Q ERVVHQ OLMNW LQ IHLWH DO VLQGV YDQ HHQ DDQWDOVDIQDPHVSUDNH 'HMDDUOLMNVHÀXFWXDWLHVLQ0HUHODDQWDOOHQ]LMQEHSHUNW van omvang en lijken in eerste instantie weinig door ZLQWHUZHHU EHwQYORHG WH ZRUGHQ (U LV LQ LHGHU JHYDO JHHQUHODWLHWXVVHQGHMDDUOLMNVHYHUDQGHULQJHQLQ%03 LQGH[HQHQGHVWUHQJKHLGYDQGHYRRUDIJDDQGHZLQWHU ,-QVHQJHWDO 'H VFKDDUVH NRXGH WRW VWUHQJH ZLQWHUV VLQGVUHVXOWHHUGHQGXVQLHWHQ RI QDXZHOLMNV LQHHQDIQDPHYDQGHEURHGSRSXODWLH$OOHHQ QD GH VWUHQJH ZLQWHU YDQ QDP GH ODQGHOLMNH EURHGSRSXODWLH PHW DI 'H MDDUOLMNVH DDQWDOVYHUDQGHULQJHQ YHUWRQHQ ZHO HQLJ YHUEDQG PHW KHW DDQWDO GDJHQ PHW HHQ VQHHXZGHN ¿JXXU 'H PHHVW sneeuwrijke winters in de onderzoeksperiode, die van HQ ZRUGHQ JHYROJG GRRU GH JURRWVWHLQGH[GDOLQJHQ+HWYHUEDQGLVHFKWHUQLHWHUJVWHUN HQ GH SRSXODWLHDIQDPHV ]LMQ EHVFKHLGHQ YDQ RPYDQJ 'DW PDJ RSPHUNHOLMN ZRUGHQ JHQRHPG YRRU HHQ ERdemfoerageerder waarvan verondersteld wordt dat een groot en toenemend aandeel van de populatie in eigen ODQGRYHUZLQWHUW(GHODDU9LVVHUHWDOYDQ Vliet HWDO 0LVVFKLHQGDWHUWRFKPHHU0HUHOV GDQ ZH GHQNHQ GH ZLMN QHPHQ QDDU ]XLGZHVW HOLMNHU RRUGHQZDQQHHUKHWVWHYLJJDDWZLQWHUHQ"+HWNDQRRN zijn dat ze dan, meer dan in zachte winters, de steden en dorpen opzoeken, waar ze als gevolg van mildere omVWDQGLJKHGHQHQELMYRHGHULQJEHWHUHRYHUOHYLQJVNDQVHQ KHEEHQ,QGLWOLFKWLVKHWRSYDOOHQGGDWWLMGHQVGHWXLQYRJHOWHOOLQJHQLQMDQXDULHQLQPHHUWXLQHQ 0HUHOV ZHUGHQ YDVWJHVWHOG SUHVHQWLH GDQ WLMGHQVGHWXLQYRJHOWHOOLQJHQLQSUHVHQWLH

94

GLHRQGHUYHHO]DFKWHUHRPVWDQGLJKHGHQSODDWVYRQGHQ 8LW KHW &RQVWDQW (IIRUW 6LWHV SURMHFW &(6 komt geen relatie tussen de sterfte van jonge of volwassen vogels en het aantal dagen met een sneeuwdek naar YRUHQ (FKW VQHHXZULMNH ZLQWHUV NZDPHQ JHGXUHQGH GHRQGHU]RHNVSHULRGHYDQKHW&(6 HFKWHU RRNQDXZHOLMNVYRRU 2PGHWUHQGVWHYHUNODUHQNXQQHQZHJHEUXLNPDNHQ YDQ GH GHPRJUD¿VFKH JHJHYHQV GLH PHW KHW 0HHWQHW 1HVWNDDUWHQEURHGVXFFHV HQKHW&(6VWHUIWH ZRUGHQ YHU]DPHOG +LHUELM ZRUGW YRRUDI GH NDQWWHNHQLQJ JHmaakt dat de jaarlijkse steekproef van gevolgde nesten NOHLQLVJHPLGGHOGQHVWHQSHUMDDULQ HQ GDW GH &(6PLVWQHWRSVWHOOLQJHQ HHQ ]ZDDUWHSXQW KHEEHQ LQ QDWWH QDWXXUWHUUHLQHQ +HW QHVWVXFFHV YDQ 0HUHOVEOLMNWWHÀXFWXHUHQWXVVHQ]RQGHUGXLGHOLMNH WUHQG ¿JXXU 2RN HHQ HHUGHUH DQDO\VH RYHUGHSHULRGHZHHVXLWGDWGHEURHGSUHVWDWLHVVWDELHOZDUHQRILHWVWRHQDPHQ'L[HWDO 'H RYHUOHYLQJYDQYROZDVVHQ0HUHOVEHGUDDJWLQGHPHHVWH MDUHQZHGHURP]RQGHUGXLGHOLMNHWUHQG¿JXXU 'H MDDUOLMNVH RYHUOHYLQJ YDQ MRQJH YRJHOV OLMNW PHW JHPLGGHOG HHQ VWXN ODJHU WH OLJJHQ +LHUELM gaat het echter om de lokale RYHUOHYLQJ ZDDUELM QLHW JHFRUULJHHUG ZRUGW YRRU GLVSHUVLH QDDU DQGHUH JHELHGHQZDDUGRRUGHNDQVRSWHUXJYDQJVWLQKHWYROJHQGH MDDU YHHO NOHLQHU ZRUGW 'LW VSHHOW YRRU MRQJH YRJHOV sterker dan voor volwassen vogels en het verschil in RYHUOHYLQJ WXVVHQ EHLGH OHYHQVIDVHQ ]DO LQ ZHUNHOLMNKHLG NOHLQHU ]LMQ 2SYDOOHQG LV ZHO GDW GH RYHUOHYLQJ van jonge vogels in de loop van de jaren lijkt af te nePHQPDDUGLWEHHOGZRUGWVWHUNEHSDDOGGRRUKHWHHUVWH HQODDWVWH MDDUYDQRQGHU]RHN-DDUOLMNVH VFKRPPHOLQJHQLQGHSRSXODWLHRPYDQJEOLMNHQYRRUWV wel gestuurd te worden door de overleving van juveQLHOHYRJHOV¿JXXU PDDUQLHWGRRUGHRYHUOHYLQJ YDQYROZDVVHQYRJHOVRIKHWQHVWVXFFHV'LWZRUGWRRN

0,7 0,6

overlevingskans

veranderingsfactor BMP-index

1,2

0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 R2 =0,295

0,1 0 1992

1994

1996

1998 eerstejaars

2000

2002 adult

2004

2006

2008

2010

nesten

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veranderingsfactor BMP-index


1,12 1,1 1,08 1,06 1,04 1,02 1 0,98 0,96 0,94 0,92 0,9

R2 = 0,19

0

0,1

0,2

0,3 0,4 0,5 overlevingskans eerstejaars adult

0,6

0,7

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95


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96

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140

100 80 60 40

0

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1985

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1995

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97


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140

1 2-5 6 - 10 " ) 11 - 24

aantal broedparen

120

" )

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100 80 60 40 20

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0

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Zwarte Meer

Ketelmeer

Vossemeer

Drontermeer

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160

120


140

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80 60 40 20 0

120 100 80 60 40 20

1990

1995

Nederland

2000

2005

2010

Zoete Rijkswateren

0 1992

1995

Oostelijke Vechtplassen

2005

2010

Wieden/Vollenhovermeer

2000

Weerribben

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119


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Dodaars

200

+

Fuut

160

0

140 150

1000 800 index

index

index

100 80 60 50

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Geoorde Fuut

0

2010

+

400 200 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Aalscholver

160

300

0

2010

+

2000

2005

Roerdomp

2010

+

150

150

index

index

index

1995

100 80

100

60

100

40 50

50

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Woudaap

350

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kwak

10000

300

0

2010

++

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kleine Zilverreiger

600

2010

++

500

8000

250

400 6000

150

index

200

index

index

1990

200

120 200

4000

300 200

100 2000

50 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Zilverreiger

120

0

2010

++

100 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Blauwe Reiger

120

0

2010

0

250

80

200 index

100

80 60

60 40

100

20

20

50

0

0

1990

1995

2000

2005

Ooievaar

1000

2010

++

1985

1990

2000

600

1500

2000

2005

Heilige Ibis

2500

800

1995

1990

0

2010

?

1995

2000

2005

Purperreiger

2010

+

150

40

1985

1985

300

100

index

index

1985

140

250

0

600

40 20

0

++

120

100

0

Roodhalsfuut

1200

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Lepelaar

600

2010

++

500

400

index

index

index

400

1000

300 200

122

200

500

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

100 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Knobbelzwaan

250

+

Kolgans

++

Grauwe Gans

7000

100

++

6000

200

80

150

60

100

index

index

index

5000

40

4000 3000 2000

50

20

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Canadese Gans

120

2010

++

1000 1985

1990

2000

2005

Brandgans

100

100

1995

0

2010

++

1985

1990

800

60

600

2000

2005

Nijlgans

1000

80

1995

2010

++

60

index

index

index

80

40

400

40 20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

+

300

300

250

250

200

200 index

index

Bergeend

0

2010

150

100

50

50

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Wintertaling

140

0

2010

-

2000

2005

0

2010

+

index

60

1995

2000

2005

Krakeend

2010

++

600 500 400 300 200 100 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Wilde Eend

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zomertaling

250

2010

-

200

60

150 100

40

40

50

20

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Slobeend

140

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Krooneend

100

120

0

2010

++

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Tafeleend

140

2010

0

120

80

100

100

60

60

index

80

index

index

1990

80

80

40

40

80 60 40

20

20 0

1985

700

100

100 index

1995

Smient

120

120

0

1990

150

100

0

1985

index

0

200

index

20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kuifeend

200

0

2010

+

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Eider

200

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Brilduiker

600

2010

?

500 150

150

100

index

index

index

400 100

300 200

50

50

0

0

100 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

123


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Rosse Stekelstaart

2000

++

Zeearend

120

120

100

100

1000

60

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Blauwe Kiekendief

120

0

2010

--

1985

500

80

400

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grauwe Kiekendief

600

100

60

20

20 0

-

40

40

500

Bruine Kiekendief

80

80

index

index

index

1500

?

140

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Havik

200

2010

+

60

index

index

index

150

300

40

200

20

100

100

50

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Sperwer

0

2010

+

1985

1990

2000

2005

Buizerd

250

200

1995

0

2010

+

1990

1995

2000

2005

Torenvalk

120

2010

0

100

200

150

1985

100

index

index

index

80 150 100

60 40

50

0

50

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Boomvalk

160

0

2010

?

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Slechtvalk

100

0

2010

++

60

index

index

index

60

40 20

1990

1995

2000

2005

Patrijs

0

2010

-

1985

1990

100 index

80 60

2000

2005

Kwartel

300

120

1995

--

80 60

0

2010

+

250

100

200

80

150 100

40

50

20

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Waterral

160

2010

+

1985

1990

2000

2005

Porseleinhoen

350

140

1995

0

2010

-

1995

2000

2005

Fazant

1985

1990

2010

-

1995

2000

2005

Kwartelkoning

1000

300

120

1990

60

20

40

1985

120

index

1985

140

2010

+

800

250 index

100 80 60

200

index

index

Korhoen

2010

20

20

index

2005

40

40

150

600 400

100

40

200

50

20

124

2000

100

80

0

1995

120

80

100

0

1990

140

140 120

1985

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Waterhoen

200

0

Meerkoet

+

Kraanvogel

200

140

?

120 150

100

100

80

index

index

index

150

60 40

50

100

50

20 0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Scholekster

120

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Steltkluut

400

0

2010

?

1985

1990

2000

2005

Kluut

120

100

1995

2010

-

100 300

60

index

80 index

index

80 200

40

60 40

100 20 0

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kleine Plevier

0

2010

+

2005

Bontbekplevier

0

2010

0

100

80

80

80 60

60

40

20

20

20

0

0

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kievit

2010

-

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kemphaan

120

120

0

2010

--

2000

2005

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Watersnip

2010

-

140 120

80

60

100 index

index

80

60

80 60

40

40

40 20

20 1990

1995

2000

2005

Grutto

0

2010

-

20 1985

1990

100 index

80 60

2000

2005

Wulp

120

120

1995

0

2010

-

100

100

80

80

60

40

20

20

20

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Oeverloper

600

2010

++

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zwartkopmeeuw

140

0

2010

++

1995

2000

2005

Tureluur

1985

1990

2010

-

1995

2000

2005

Kokmeeuw

100

120

500

1990

60

40

40

1985

120

index

1985

140

2010

-

80

100

300 200

80

index

index

400

60

60 40

40

100 0

1995

Strandplevier

160

100

100

0

1985

1990

60

40

1985

1985

120

index

100

index

index

2000

120

140

index

1995

120

40

index

1990

140

100

index

1985

20

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

125


%LMODJH9HUYROJ -

Kleine Mantelmeeuw

60

index

index

80

40 20 0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Mantelmeeuw

140

120

500

100

400

80

300

40

100

20

++

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Stern

250

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Visdief

160

200

2010

0

120

100

60

100

150

index

80

index

index

-

140

120

100

40

50

20

80 60

40

0

Zilvermeeuw

60

200

0

2010

++

600

index

Stormmeeuw

100

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Noordse Stern

0

2010

-

250

250

200

200

150

150

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Dwergstern

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zwarte Stern

140

2010

0

120

100

100

50

50

0

0

index

index

index

100 80 60 40

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Holenduif

200

2010

0

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Houtduif

120

0

2010

0

1985

1990

2000

2005

Turkse Tortel

250

100

1995

2010

0

200

150

100

index

index

index

80 60

150 100

40 50

50

20 0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zomertortel

160

0

2010

--

1985

1990

2000

2005

Koekoek

120

140

1995

0

2010

-

index

index

index

60 40 20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Oehoe

2000

0

2010

++

index

index

1000

500

0

126

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Steenuil

140

1500

++

200 150

0

2010

?

120

100

100

80

80

60

40

20

20 1990

1995

2000

2005

1990

2010

1995

2000

2005

Bosuil

2010

0

60

40

1985

1985

140

120

0

Kerkuil

2010

50

index

0

2005

100

40 20

2000

250

80

60

1995

300

100

80

1990

350

120 100

1985

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Ransuil

140

-

Velduil

120

++

300

60

index

80

80

index

index

Nachtzwaluw

400

100

100

60

200

40

40

100 20

20 0

--

120

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

IJsvogel

500

0

2010

++

1985

1990

400

300

300

2000

2005

Groene Specht

500

400

1995

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zwarte Specht

120

2010

0

100

200

index

index

index

80

200

60 40

100

100

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Bonte Specht

2010

+

1990

1995

2000

2005

Middelste Bonte Specht

0

2010

++

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kleine Bonte Specht

350

2010

+

300

80

150

250

100

60

index

index

index

1985

100

200

40

200 150 100

50

0

20

20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kuifleeuwerik

100

0

2010

--

50 1985

1990

400

60

300

2000

2005

Boomleeuwerik

500

80

1995

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Veldleeuwerik

120

2010

-

100

40

index

index

index

80

200

60 40

20

100

0

0

1985

1990

2000

2005

Oeverzwaluw

350

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Boerenzwaluw

140

0

2010

0

120

100

100

200

80

80

index

120

250

150

60 40

40

50

20

20

0

0

1990

1995

2000

2005

Duinpieper

140

2010

--

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Boompieper

200

0

2010

+

2000

2005

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Graspieper

2010

0

100 150

100

60

index

80

80

index

index

1995

Huiszwaluw

120

120

100

60 40

40

50 20

20 0

1990

60

100

1985

1985

140

300

index

index

1995

20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

127


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Gele Kwikstaart

120

-

Grote Gele Kwikstaart

+

Witte Kwikstaart

120

200

100

-

100 150

60

index

80 index

index

80 100

40

60 40

50 20

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Winterkoning

140

0

2010

+

2000

2005

Heggenmus

0

2010

0

60

20

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Nachtegaal

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Blauwborst

0

2010

+

100

80

200

80

150 100

40

20

50

20

0

0

0

100

80

80

index

120

100

60

40

20

20

0

0

1995

2000

2005

Tapuit

100

2010

--

1995

2000

2005

Paapje

0

2010

-

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Roodborsttapuit

2010

++

400 300 200 100 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Merel

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zanglijster

200

2010

+

120 150

100

40

80

index

60

index

index

2000

500

140

80

60 40

20 0

1995

Zwarte Roodstaart

600

60

40

1990

1990

140

120

1985

1985

index

Gekraagde Roodstaart

140

2010

1990

60

40

2005

1985

140

index

120

250 index

300

2000

+

20

100

1995

Roodborst

2010

40

120

1990

2005

60

350

1985

2000

80

140

60

1995

100

60

20

1990

120

40

40

1985

140

80

80

index

index

1995

100

100

index

1990

120

120

index

1985

index

0

100

50

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Lijster

140

0

2010

0

1985

1990

2000

2005

Cetti's Zanger

100

120

1995

0

2010

++

1985

1990

400

60

300

2000

2005

Graszanger

500

80

1995

2010

++

60

index

80

index

index

100

40

200

40 20

20 0

128

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

100

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010


%LMODJH9HUYROJ +

Snor

150

index

index

200

100

0

140

350

120

300

100

250

80

200

index

Sprinkhaanzanger

250

60

0

100

20

50

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Bosrietzanger

120

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kleine Karekiet

160

0

2010

0

100

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grote Karekiet

120

140

+

150

40 50

Rietzanger

2010

--

100

120 80

60

index

100 index

index

80

80 60

40

60 40

40 20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Spotvogel

0

2010

-

140

120

120

100

1990

1995

2000

2005

Braamsluiper

0

2010

-

60

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Tuinfluiter

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zwartkop

250

+

1985

1990

+

1995

2000

2005

Fluiter

120

2010

-

100

200

80

60

150

index

index

index

2010

100

0

2010

80

100

40

60 40

50

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Tjiftjaf

160

0

2010

+

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Fitis

120

140

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Goudhaan

160

2010

+

140

100

120

120 80

80 60

100 index

index

100 index

2005

Grasmus

200

60

0

2010

100

60

80 60

40

40

40 20

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Vuurgoudhaan

250

0

2010

0

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grauwe Vliegenvanger

140

0

2010

-

60

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

2005

Bonte Vliegenvanger

2010

0

80 60 40

20 1985

2000

100

40 50

1995

120

80

index

index

100

1990

140

100 150

1985

160

120

200

index

2000

50

120

0

1995

20

20

0

1990

40

40

0

1985

80

80

index

index

1985

150

100

0

20

20

index

0

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

129


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Staartmees

0

Glanskop

120

120

120

100

100

100

80

80 60

40

40

20

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kuifmees

120

0

2010

0

20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zwarte Mees

0

2010

-

60 40

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Koolmees

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Boomklever

+

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Boomkruiper

2010

+

140 200

120

60

100

150

index

80

index

index

Pimpelmees

160

100

80 60

40

40

50 20

20 1990

1995

2000

2005

Buidelmees

0

2010

--

100

400

80

index

120

500

40

100

20 1990

1995

2000

2005

Klapekster

160

0

2010

-

2000

2005

Wielewaal

140

120

120

0

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Gaai

+

40

0

20

-20

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kauw

120

2010

0

2005

Grauwe Klauwier

2010

+

100

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Ekster

120

2010

-

100 80

80

20

2000

150

0

2010

60

40

1995

50

index

index

60

1990

250

100

80

1985

200

160

140 100

1995

60

200

1985

1990

140

600

300

1985

index

1985

700

index

2005

100

0

2010

100

index

2000

50

250

120

60 40 20

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Roek

200

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Zwarte Kraai

160

2010

+

140

100 150

120

80 60

index

100 index

index

1995

20

140

100

80 60

40 50

40

20

130

1990

150

80

index

index

40

0

1985

200

100

60

0

60

120

80

0

-

40

140

100

0

Matkop

80 index

60

0

index

0

140

index

index

140

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Raaf

0

Spreeuw

-

120

250

100

100

200

80

80

150

index

120

index

index

300

60 40

40

50

20

20

0

0

1990

1995

2000

2005

Ringmus

120

2010

-

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Vink

200

0

2010

+

-

60

100

1985

Huismus

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Groenling

200

2010

+

100 150

150

60

index

index

index

80 100

100

40 50

50

20 0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Putter

0

2010

++

600

1000

500

800

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Sijs

0

2010

?

1995

2000

2005

Kneu

2010

-

120 100

300

index

600

index

index

1990

140

400

400

200

80 60 40

200

100 0

1985

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Kleine Barmsijs

250

0

2010

-

20 1985

1990

2000

150

1500

2000

2005

Kruisbek

2500

200

1995

0

2010

?

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Goudvink

140

2010

+

120

100

index

index

index

100

1000

80 60 40

50

500

0

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Appelvink

200

2010

+

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Geelgors

200

0

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Ortolaan

120

2010

--

100 150

150 index

index

index

80 100

100

60 40

50

50

0

0

20 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Rietgors

200

2010

+

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Grauwe Gors

120

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

--

100 150 index

index

80 100

60 40

50 20 0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

0

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

131


%LMODJH5HSURGXFWLHLQGH[RYHUOHYLQJDGXOWHQHQRYHUOHYLQJMXYHQLHOHQ 5HSURGXFWLHLQGH[HYHQUHGLJPHW KHW DDQWDOJHSURGXFHHUGHMXYHQLHOHQSHU DGXOW MDDUOLMNVHRYHUOHYLQJVNDQVHQ YDQYROZDVVHQYRJHOVHQMDDUOLMNVHRYHUOHYLQJVNDQVHQYDQMXYHQLHOHQIHLWHOLMNHHQPL[YDQRYHUOHYLQJHQWHUXJNHHUQDDUKHWJHERRUWHJHELHG YRRUGHPHHVWJHYDQJHQ]DQJYRJHOVRRUWHQLQKHW&RQVWDQW(IIRUW6LWH&(6 SURMHFWPHWEHWURXZEDDUKHLGV¤LQWHUYDOOHQµRYHUOHYLQJLQ¶LVGHRYHUOHYLQJYDQWRW µ*DWHQ¶LQ GHUHHNVHQ]LMQRQWVWDDQGRRUGDWQLHWYRRUDOOHVRRUWMDDUFRPELQDWLHVGHJHJHYHQVKHWPDNHQYDQHHQRYHUOHYLQJVVFKDWWLQJWRHOLHWHQGLWJHOGWYRRUDOYRRUMXYHQLHOHQ,QGH[HQYRRUHQ]LMQJHEDVHHUGRSYHHOPLQGHU &(6ORFDWLHV GDQGLHYRRUODWHUHMDUHQ

0,5

2,0

1999

2005

2011

Roodborst aandeel jongen

1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 1993

2,5

1999

2005

2011

Blauwborst aandeel jongen

2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 1993

2,0

1999

2005

Merel aandeel jongen 1,20

reproductie-index

1,00

0,80

1,0

0,60

0,40

0,5 0,20

0,0 1993

132

0,00

1999

2005

2011

1,0

jaarlijkse overlevingskans 1999

2005

Heggenmus overleving adulten

0,6 0,4 0,2

1,0

1999

2005

2011

Roodborst overleving adulten

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1,0

1999

2005

2011

Blauwborst overleving adulten

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2

1,0

1999

2005

Merel overleving adulten

0,4 0,2

1999

2005

0,6 0,4 0,2

1,0

2011

1999

2005

2011

Heggenmus overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1,0

1999

2005

2011

Roodborst overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1,0

1999

2005

2011

Blauwborst overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2

1,0

0,6

Winterkoning overleving juvenielen

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

0,8

0,0 1993

1,0

0,0 1993

2011

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

1,5

0,2

0,0 1993


0,0 1993

0,4



Heggenmus aandeel jongen

1,0

0,6

0,0 1993

2011

1,5

0,8


2005


reproductie-index

1999

Winterkoning overleving adulten


1,0

1,0


2,0

2,0

reproductie-index


3,0

0,0 1993

reproductie-index

Winterkoning aandeel jongen


reproductie-index

4,0

1999

2005

2011

Merel overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1999

2005

2011


%LMODJH9HUYROJ

1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 2005

2011

Sprinkhaanzanger aandeel jongen

15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0 2011

2,0 1,0 0,0

0,4 0,2

jaarlijkse overlevingskans 1999

2005

2005

2011

Kleine Karekiet aandeel jongen jaarlijkse overlevingskans

1,5 1,0 0,5

0,2

1999

2005

2011

Braamsluiper aandeel jongen

2,0

1,0

1999

2005

2011

2005

2011

Sprinkhaanzanger overleving juvenielen

0,4 0,2

1999

2005

2011

Rietzanger overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2

1,0

0,4 0,2

1999

2005

Kleine Karekiet overleving adulten

0,4 0,2

1999

2005

Braamsluiper overleving adulten

0,6 0,4 0,2

1999

2005

2011

Bosrietzanger overleving juvenielen

0,2

1999

2005

2011

Kleine Karekiet overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2

1,0

0,8

2011

0,4

0,0 1993

2011

2005

0,6

1,0

0,6

1999

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

0,6

1993

Bosrietzanger overleving adulten

0,6

1,0

2005

0,0 1999

0,8

0,0 1993

1999

0,8

1,0

0,4

1,0

0,2

1993

Rietzanger overleving adulten

0,6

0,0 1993

2011

0,4

0,0 1999

0,8

1,0

0,6

1,0


Bosrietzanger aandeel jongen

2,0

0,0 1993

Sprinkhaanzanger overleving adulten

Zanglijster overleving juvenielen

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

0,6

1993


reproductie-index reproductie-index

2011

0,5

3,0 reproductie-index

2005

1,0

0,0 1993

2005

0,0 1999

1,5

2,5

1999

0,8

1,0

3,0

0,0 1993

0,0 1993

1993

Rietzanger aandeel jongen

4,0

2,0

0,2


2005

5,0

1993

0,4


reproductie-index

6,0

0,6

0,0 1999


1993

0,8

1,0

20,0

1,0


reproductie-index

25,0

1999


1993

Zanglijster overleving adulten jaarlijkse overlevingskans

1,0


Zanglijster aandeel jongen jaarlijkse overlevingskans

reproductie-index

2,0

1999

2005

2011

Braamsluiper overleving juvenielen

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1999

2005

2011

133


%LMODJH9HUYROJ

2005

Tuinfluiter aandeel jongen jaarlijkse overlevingskans

0,5

Zwartkop aandeel jongen

1,0

2005

Tjiftjaf aandeel jongen

1,5 1,0 0,5

1999

2005


reproductie-index

0,5

1999

2005


reproductie-index

4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0

134

2005

2011

0,4 0,2

1999

2005

2005

2011

Zwartkop overleving juvenielen

0,6 0,4 0,2

1999

2005

2011

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

2011

1999

2005

2011

Fitis overleving juvenielen 1,0

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2

1999

2005

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

2011

1999

2005

2011

Baardmannetje overleving juvenielen 1,0

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1999

0,8

Baardmannetje overleving adulten

5,0

1999

0,2

Tjiftjaf overleving juvenielen

1,0

6,0

Tuinfluiter overleving juvenielen

1,0

0,6

Baardmannetje aandeel jongen 7,0

2011

0,4

Tjiftjaf overleving adulten

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

2005

0,6

Fitis overleving adulten

1,0

1999

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

1,0

1,5

0,0 1993


0,2

2005

0,2

1,0

0,4

Fitis aandeel jongen 2,0

0,0 1993

Zwartkop overleving adulten

1999

0,4

0,0 1993

2011

0,6

0,0 1993

2011

2005

0,8

1,0

2,0

0,0 1993

0,2

1999

0,6

1,0

0,4

0,0 1993

2011

Tuinfluiter overleving adulten

Grasmus overleving juvenielen

0,8

0,0 1993

2011


2,5

1999

2005

0,6

1,0

2,0

1999

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

3,0

0,0 1993

0,2


4,0

2005

0,4

1,0

1,0

1999

0,6

0,0 1993

2011

1,5

0,0 1993

0,8


1999

1,0


0,5

Grasmus overleving adulten


1,0


reproductie-index


1,5

2,0

reproductie-index

1,0

2,0

0,0 1993

reproductie-index

Grasmus aandeel jongen


reproductie-index

2,5

1999

2005

2011

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

1999

2005

2011


%LMODJH9HUYROJ Staartmees aandeel jongen

Staartmees overleving adulten

2005

Matkop aandeel jongen

1,0

3,0 2,0 1,0

Pimpelmees aandeel jongen

20 15 10 5 0 1993

1999

2005

0,4 0,2


reproductie-index

40 30 20 10

2005

0,2


reproductie-index

4

1999

2005

0,2

1,0

0,5

2011

0,2

1999

2005

2011

0,6 0,4 0,2

1999

2005

2011

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

2011

1999

2005

2011

Ringmus overleving juvenielen 1,0

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2

1999

2005

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

2011

1999

2005

2011

Rietgors overleving juvenielen 1,0

0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 1993

2005

Koolmees overleving juvenielen

1,0

1,5

1999

0,8

Rietgors overleving adulten jaarlijkse overlevingskans

reproductie-index

0,4

1,0

0,4

0,0 1993

2011

2,0

2005

0,6

0,0 1993

2011

0,6

Rietgors aandeel jongen

1999

0,8

Ringmus overleving adulten

8

0,0 1993

2005

1,0

12

0 1993

1999

0,8

Ringmus aandeel jongen 16

2011

Pimpelmees overleving juvenielen

0,4

0,0 1993

2011

2005

Matkop overleving juvenielen

Koolmees overleving adulten

50

1999

1999

1,0

1,0

60

0 1993

0,2

Pimpelmees overleving adulten

0,6

Koolmees aandeel jongen

0,4

0,0 1993

2011

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

2005

0,6

1,0


reproductie-index

25

Matkop overleving adulten

1999

0,8

0,0 1993

2011

0,6

1,0

30

2005

0,8

0,0 1993

2011


35

2005

1999


reproductie-index

4,0

1999

0,2 0,0 1993

2011

5,0

0,0 1993

0,4


6,0

1999


1,0

0,6


2,0

0,8



3,0

0,0 1993

1,0

1,0


reproductie-index

4,0

Staartmees overleving juvenielen

1999

2005

2011

0,8 0,6 0,4 e

0,2 0,0 1993

1999

2005

2011

135


136

Postbus 6521 6503 GA Nijmegen Toernooiveld 1 6525 ED Nijmegen T (024) 7 410 410 E [email protected] I www.sovon.nl

Nederland is door zijn afwisselende landschap met droge en natte natuur en zijn milde klimaat een belangrijk broedgebied voor veel bijzondere vogelsoorten. Tegelijkertijd kent Nederland een hoge bevolkingsdichtheid en verstedelijking. Dit schept bijzondere (Europeesrechterlijk vastgelegde) verplichtingen ten aanzien van het behoud van deze vogelsoorten en de inrichting en het beheer van an n broedgebieden. Mede om deze e reden vinden in ons land al tienen-tallen jaren inventarisaties plaats aats van broedvogels, in hoofdzaak k door vrijwilligers. De inventarisaties tarisaties richten zich op alle broedvogels, l van zeldzame vogels en kolonievogels tot algemene soorten. Broedvogelinventarisaties worden door SOVON Vogelonderzoek Nederland georganiseerd binnen het Netwerk Ecologische Monitoring. Het onderzoek vindt plaats in samenwerking met het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Rijkswaterstaat, de provincies en de Stichting Gegevensautoriteit Natuur in opdracht van het Ministerie van Economische Zaken, Landbouw en Innovatie.

Broedvogels in Nederland. Het Meetnet Broedvogels is onderdeel van het Netwerk Ecologische Monitoring

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