ANALISIS UNJUK KERJA MCU (MULTIPOINT CONTROL UNIT) DALAM MULTIPOINT VIDEO CONFERENCE
TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan guna memenuhi sebagian persyaratan dalam rangka menyelesaikan pendidikan sarjana S1 pada Jurusan Teknik Elektro
Disusun oleh : FIRMANSAH NIM. 0704405099
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA JIMBARAN - BALI 2012
ABSTRAK
MCU (Multipoint Control Unit) merupakan perangkat yang digunakan untuk menjembatani koneksi video conference agar 3 atau lebih client dapat berpartisipasi dalam multipoint conference . Kebutuhan bitrate dan kualitas dari video conference menjadi suatu hal utama yang perlu dibahas dalam penerapannya. Dalam tugas akhir ini dilakukan pengujian dan analisis terhadap bitrate yang dipengaruhi oleh jenis perangkat, NAT, pembatasan jaringan dan jumlah client. Pada pengujian memakai protokol H.323, video codec H.264, audio codec G.722 dan, frame 30 fps. Data bitrate serta QoS sebagai parameter kualitas di-capture memakai software wireshark. Pengumpulan data pada tugas akhir ini dibentuk dalam skenario- skenario agar lebih terstuktur. Skenario 1 dilakukan pengujian terhadap kebutuhan bitrate dengan MCU dan tanpa MCU. Skenario 2 pengujian kebutuhan bitrate minumum yang ditinjau jadi QoS dengan pembatasan pada jaringan yang diturunkan secara bertahap. Skenario 3 dilakukan pengujian pengaruh NAT terhadap pemakaian bitrate dan kualitas video conference, skenario terakir pengujian hubungan penambahan jumlah client terhadap bitrate total. Pada skenario 1 dan 2 memakai 4 jenis perangkat sebagai client dengan konfigurasi HDX8000 dengan PCSXG80, HDX8000 dengan VSX7000, HDX8000 dengan EVI-D70, dan EVI-D70 dengan EVI-D70 sedangkan skenario 3 dan 4 hanya menggunakan EVI-D70. Dari hasil pengujian, kebutuhan bitrate yang digunakan setiap client berbeda walau memakai codec dan call speed yang sama. Dengan pembatasan jaringan didapat kebutuhan bitrate minimum 100 kbps untuk konfigurasi HDX8000 dengan PCS-XG80, 120 kbps untuk HDX8000 dengan VSX7000 dan HDX8000 dengan EVI-D70, terakhir 140 untuk EVI-D70 dengan EVI-D70. Pada koneksi yang melewati NAT akan memiliki bitrate 16 bit lebih besar karena ditambah STUN tiap header paketnya dengan kualitas yang hampir sama dengan yang tidak melalui NAT. Pada multipoint video conference didapatkan penambahan kebutuhan bitrate total bersifat linier terhadap penambahan jumlah client. Dari hasil pengamatan, diketahui kalau dua perangkat yang digunakan sebagai client pada penelitian ini yaitu PCS-XG80 dan HDX8000 juga mempunyai fungsi MCU, untuk itu perlu kiranya dilakukan penelitian tentang kinerja MCU pada masing- masing perangkat. Tugas akhir ini belum dianalisis tentang kemampuan NAT dalam menangani multipoint video conference, diharapkan hal ini dapat dibahas apabila nanti ada penelitian lanjutan yang berhubungan dengan NAT. Yang terakhir, pada penelitian ini, media transmisi antar client menggunakan guided transmission line, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian menggunakan unguided transmission line untuk memperluas pembahasan. Kata Kunci : MCU, Video conference, bitrate, kualitas
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ABSTRACT
MCU (Multipoint Control Unit) is a device used to bridge video conferencing connections to 3 or more clients can participate in a multipoint conference. Needs bitrate and quality of video conferencing becomes a major thing that needs to be discussed in its application. In this final project, testing and analysis on bitrate that is affected by the type device, NAT, network restrictions and the number of clients. In the test using the H.323 protocol, H.264 video codec, 30fps frame. Bitrate and QoS data as well as quality parameters are being captured using software wireshark. Data collection on this final project in the form of scenarios to be more structured, scenario 1 testing the bitrate requirements on the placement of clients with 4 conditions with and without MCU, scenario 2 was observed minumum bitrate needs to be reviewed by QoS with restrictions on the network that is gradually lowered, the observed effect of NAT skenario3 to use bitrate conference and video quality, the last scenario observed increasing the number of client relationships to the total bitrate. In scenario 1 and 2 using 4 types of device as a client with the configuration are PCS-XG80 HDX8000, HDX8000 with VSX7000, HDX8000 with EVI-D70, EVI-D70 with EVI-D70, While in scenarios 3 and 4, only using EVI-D70. From the research, the needs of each client bitrate used differ even using the same codec and call speed. By limiting the network obtained the minimum 100 kbps bitrate requirements for the configuration of HDX8000 with PCS-XG80, 120 kbps for HDX8000 with VSX7000 and HDX8000 with EVI-D70, the last 140 for EVI-D70 with EVI-D70. On passing through the NAT connection will have bitrate of 16 bits greater because of added STUN header for each package with quality that is almost same as that does not go through NAT. In the multipoint video conference knowed additional requirement of total bitrate is linear. From the observation, it was known two devices are used as client in this study HDX8000 and PCS-XG80 also has the function of the MCU, for it must needs be carried out research on the performance of MCU on each device and this thesis is still facing the problem of limited number of client which causes the result less than maximum, for that if there is a similar study is expected to use more client. The latter, in this study, the transmission medium between the client using the guided transmission line, therefore it is necessary to study use unguided transmission line to expand the discussion.
Keywords : MCU, Video conference, bitrate, Quality.
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadapan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas karunia-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini. Tugas Akhir ini berjudul “ANALISIS UNJUK KERJA MCU (MULTIPOINT CONTROL UNIT) DALAM MULTIPOINT VIDEO CONFERENCE”. Tugas Akhir ini disusun untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan untuk mencapai derajat sarjana S-1 pada Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Konsentrasi Teknik Telekomunikasi, Universitas Udayana. Dalam penyusunan Tugas Akhir ini, penulis banyak memperoleh petunjuk dan bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut pada kesempatan ini penulis menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih kepada: 1. Bapak Prof. Ir. I Wayan Redana, MA. Sc.Ph.D selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana. 2. Bapak Ir. Nyoman Setiawan, MT, selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana. 3. Bapak I Putu Agung Bayupati,ST.,MT, selaku Pembimbing Akademik. 4. Bapak Ir. Pande Ketut Sudiarta, M.Erg selaku Dosen Pembimbing I Tugas Akhir yang telah banyak meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan bimbingannya. 5. Bapak Komang Oka Saputra, ST, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing II Tugas Akhir yang telah banyak meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan bimbingannya. 6. Ibu Ir. Linawati, M.Eng.Sc, Ph.D selaku Direktur GDLN yang telah memberikan kesempatan untuk melaksanakan penelitian di Gedung GDLN. 7. Bapak dan ibu tersayang, Atos dan Masni, dan seluruh keluarga di rumah yang telah memberikan dukungan moril dan material selama penyusunan Usulan Tugas Akhir ini. 8. Rekan-rekan di POSS Network Gedung GDLN yang telah memberikan banyak bantuan dan semangatnya.
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9. Teman-teman mahasiswa Teknik Elektro, PS. Telekomunikasi 2007 dan rekan-rekan mahasiswa lain yang telah memberikan banyak bantuan, informasi, dan masukan dalam penyusunan Usulan Tugas Akhir ini. Penulis menyadari masih terdapat kekurangan dalam Tugas Akhir ini, saran-saran yang membangun sangat diharapkan untuk menyempurnakan Tugas Akhir ini. Akhir kata penulis mengharapkan semoga Tugas Akhir ini dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan yang bermanfaat bagi kita semua.
Denpasar,
Juli 2012
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
COVER ...............................................................................................................i LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ii ABSTRAK ..........................................................................................................iii KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................v DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................vii DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xii DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xv DAFTAR SINGKATAN ....................................................................................xvi BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1
Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 2
1.3
Tujuan Penulisan .......................................................................................... 3
1.4
Manfaat Penulisan ........................................................................................ 3
1.5
Ruang Lingkup dan Batasan Masalah .......................................................... 3
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................. 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1
Video Conference ......................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Teknologi Video Conference ........................................................... 5 2.1.2 Prinsip Kerja video conference ....................................................... 6 2.1.2 Video Streaming .............................................................................. 7
2.2
Jaringan Komputer ....................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 LAN ................................................................................................. 8 2.2.2 MAN ................................................................................................ 9 2.2.3 WAN ............................................................................................... 9 2.2.4 PAN .................................................................................................. 9 2.2.5 Internet ............................................................................................ 9
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2.3
Model- Model Refensi ................................................................................. 10 2.3.1 Model OSI ....................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 TCP/ IP ............................................................................................ 13 2.3.2.1 Pengenalan TCP/ IP ................................................................ 13 2.3.2.2 Layanan TCP/ IP ..................................................................... 14 2.3.2.3 Arsitektur TCP/ IP .................................................................. 14 2.3.2.4 Prinsip Kerja TCP dan IP ....................................................... 19 2.3.3 User Datagram Protokol (UDP) ...................................................... 21
2.4
Standarisasi Video Conference..................................................................... 23 2.4.1 Protokol H.323 ................................................................................ 23 2.4.1.1 Komponen H.323 ..................................................................... 23 2.4.2 Kompresi Video .............................................................................. 25 2.4.2.1 H.261 ....................................................................................... 26 2.4.2.2 H.263 ........................................................................................ 28 2.4.2.3 H.264/ MPEG- 4 AVC ............................................................. 29 2.4.3 Kompresi Audio .............................................................................. 31 2.4.3.1 G.711 ....................................................................................... 31 2.4.3.2 G.722 ........................................................................................ 32 2.4.3.3 G.723.1 .................................................................................... 33
2.5
NAT (Network Address Translation)........................................................... 34
2.6
LifeSize MCU (Bridge 2200) ...................................................................... 37
2.7
Quality of service ......................................................................................... 38 2.7.1 Delay ................................................................................................ 39 2.7.2 Jiiter ................................................................................................. 40 2.7.3 Packet Loss....................................................................................... 40 2.7.4 Bitrate ............................................................................................... 41
2.8
HTB
......................................................................................................... 41
2.9
Wireshark..................................................................................................... 42
BAB III METODE 3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ........................................................................ 43 3.2 Data ................................................................................................................ 43 viii
3.2.1 Sumber data ..................................................................................... 43 3.2.2 Jenis data.......................................................................................... 43 3.2.3 Teknik pengumpulan data ................................................................ 44 3.3 Rancangan Penelitian ..................................................................................... 44 3.3.1 Skenario I ......................................................................................... 44 3.3.2 Skenario II ....................................................................................... 45 3.3.3 Skenario III ...................................................................................... 46 3.3.4 Skenario IV ...................................................................................... 47 3.4 Perangkat Penelitiaan ..................................................................................... 47 3.4.1 Spesifikasi hardware ....................................................................... 47 3.4.2 Spesifikasi software ......................................................................... 47 3.5 Metode Analisis Data..................................................................................... 48 3.6 Alur Analisis Data ......................................................................................... 51 3.6.1 Alur Analisis Skenario I ................................................................... 52 3.6.2 Alur Analisis Skenario II ................................................................. 53 3.6.3 Alur Analisis Skenario III ................................................................ 54 3.6.4 Alur Analisis Skenario IV ................................................................ 55
BAB IV HASIL dan PEMBAHASAN 4.1 Tinjauan Umum .............................................................................................. 56 4.2 Perangkat dan Sistem ...................................................................................... 57 4.2.1 Perangkat Keras Multipoin Video Conference ................................. 56 4.2.1.1 LifeSize MCU (Bridge 2200) ................................................. 57 4.2.1.2 Polycom HDX 8000 ................................................................ 57 4.2.1.3 Sony PCS-XG 80 .................................................................... 59 4.2.1.4 Polycom VSX 7000 ................................................................ 60 4.2.1.5 Sony EVI-D70 ........................................................................ 61 4.2.2 Perangkat Lunak Multipoin Video Conference ................................ 62 4.2.2.1 LifeSize Bridge Utility ............................................................ 62 4.2.2.2 Polycom M100 ........................................................................ 65 4.2.2.3 Hierarchical Token Bucket ..................................................... 66
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4.2.2.4 WireShark ............................................................................... 71 4.2.3 Konfigurasi Jaringan ....................................................................... 72 4.2.3.1 Konfigurasi Jaringan Skenario 1 ............................................. 72 4.2.3.2 Konfigurasi Jaringan Skenario 2 ............................................. 73 4.2.3.3 Konfigurasi Jaringan Skenario 3 ............................................. 74 4.2.3.4 Konfigurasi Jaringan Skenario 4 ............................................. 75 4.3 Proses Pengujian dan Analisis Penelitian ....................................................... 76 4.3.1 Pengujian skenario 1 ......................................................................... 76 4.3.1.1 Pengujian dengan Kondisi Penempatan Client 1 .................... 76 4.3.1.2 Pengujian dengan Kondisi Penempatan Client 2 .................... 78 4.3.1.3 Pengujian dengan Kondisi Penempatan Client 3 .................... 78 4.3.1.4 Pengujian dengan Kondisi Penempatan Client 4 .................... 79 4.3.1.5 Perhitungan Bitrate ................................................................. 80 4.3.2 Analisis Skenario 1 Perbandingan Kebutuhan Bitrate tanpa MCU ............................................................................................... 81 4.3.3 Pengujian Skenario 2........................................................................ 82 4.3.2.1 Pengujian Skenario 2 Tahap 1 ................................................ 83 4.3.2.2 Pengujian Skenario 2 Tahap 2 ................................................ 84 4.3.4 Analisis Skenario 2 .......................................................................... 90 4.3.4.1 Analisis Perbandingan Kebutuhan Bitrate menggunakan MCU ....................................................................................... 90 4.3.4.2 Analisis Kebutuhan Bitrate dengan Pembatasan HTB ........... 91 4.3.5 Pengujian Skenario 3 Pengaruh NAT terhadap Pemakayan Bitrate dan QoS ............................................................................................ 94 4.3.6 Analisis Pengujian Pengaruh NAT terhadap Pemakayan Bitrate dan QoS................................................................................ 95 4.3.7 Pengujian Skenario 4 Multipoint Video Conference menggunakan MCU ........................................................................ 97 4.3.8 Analisis Skenario 4 Multipoint Video Conference menggunakan MCU .........................................................................98
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BAB V PENUTUP 5.1 Simpulan ......................................................................................................100 5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................................101 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .........................................................................................102
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Struktur tujuh lapis model OSI....................................................... 11
Gambar 2.2
Perbandingan OSI layer dengan TCP/IP ........................................ 16
Gambar 2.3
Arsitektur jaringan H.323 ............................................................... 21
Gambar 2.4
Ilustrasi static NAT ........................................................................ 32
Gambar 2.5
Ilustrasi dynamic NAT ................................................................... 33
Gambar 3.1
konfigurasi point to point perangkat video conference tanpa MCU ............................................................................................... 42
Gambar 3.2
Konfigurasi kondisi penempatan client .......................................... 43
Gambar 3.3
Konfigurasi point to point perangkat video conference menggunakan MCU ....................................................................... 43
Gambar 3.4
Konfigurasi jaringan local dan publik ............................................ 45
Gambar 3.5
Konfigurasi multipoint video conference dengan penambahan user sejumlah N .............................................................................. 45
Gambar 3.6
Diagram alur umum........................................................................ 51
Gambar 3.7
Diagram alur prosedur scenario I ................................................... 52
Gambar 3.8
Diagram alur prosedur scenario II .................................................. 53
Gambar 3.9
Diagram alur prosedur scenario III ................................................ 54
Gambar 3.10 Diagram alur prosedur scenario IV ................................................ 55 Gambar 4.1
LifeSize Bridge ............................................................................... 57
Gambar 4.2
Polycom HDX ................................................................................ 58
Gambar 4.3
Ilustrasi pemakaian bitrate HDX 8000 .......................................... 58
Gambar 4.4
Sony PCS-XG 80............................................................................ 59
Gambar 4.5
Ilustrasi pemakian bitrate Sony PCS-XG80 .................................. 59
Gambar 4.6
Polycom VSX7000 ......................................................................... 60
Gambar 4.7
Spesifikasi perangkat Polycom Vseries ......................................... 61
Gambar 4.8
Sony EVI-D70 ................................................................................ 62
Gambar 4.9
Login Lifesize bridge 2200 ............................................................ 62
Gambar 4.10 Tampilan scedule lifesize bridge utility ......................................... 63 Gambar 4.11 Tampilan list on demand conference.............................................. 63
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Gambar 4.12 Tampilan pembuatan on demand conference ................................. 64 Gambar 4.13 Layout schedule conference ........................................................... 65 Gambar 4.14 Tampilan awal polycom M 100...................................................... 66 Gambar 4.15 Tampilan pengturan maximum call rate ........................................ 66 Gambar 4.16 Tampilan untuk instalasi webmin ................................................... 67 Gambar 4.17 Tampilan awal webmin ................................................................... 67 Gambar 4.18 Tampilan instalasi HTB unit .......................................................... 68 Gambar 4.19 Tampilan instalasi modul HTB melaui webmin ............................. 69 Gambar 4.20 Tampilan HTB melaui webmin ...................................................... 69 Gambar 4.21 Tampilan scrip untuk mengaktifkan bridge ................................... 70 Gambar 4.22 Tampilan bridge yang telah terdaftarpada sistem .......................... 71 Gambar 4.23 Tampilan Wireshark ...................................................................... 72 Gambar 4.24 Konfigurasi jaringan skenario 1 tanpa pembatasan HTB bridge .. 72 Gambar 4.25 Konfigurasi kondisi penempatan client .......................................... 73 Gambar 4.26 Konfigurasi point to point perangkat video conference menggunakan MCU ....................................................................... 74 Gambar 4.27 Konfigurasi jaringan lokal dan publik ............................................ 75 Gambar 4.28 Konfigurasi multipoint video conference dengan penambahan jumlah user sejumlah N.................................................................. 76 Gambar 4.29 Tampilan summary Wireshark ....................................................... 77 Gambar 4.30 Grafik perbandingan pemakain bitrate tanpa MCU ....................... 81 Gambar 4.31 Tampilan HTB yang telah terinstal dan siap dipakai ..................... 85 Gambar 4.32 Tampilan untuk membatasi IP address pada HTB ......................... 85 Gambar 4.33 Tampilan untuk membatasi skrip HTB .......................................... 86 Gambar 4.34 Tampilan RTP stream untuk menunjukkan packet loss ................. 86 Gambar 4.35 Tampilan export file wireshark....................................................... 88 Gambar 4.36 RTP stream ..................................................................................... 89 Gambar 4.37 Grafik perbandingan pemakaian bitrate dengan dan tanpa MCU .. 90 Gambar 4.38 Grafik perbandingan packet loss pembatasan HTB ...................... 91 Gambar 4.39 Grafik perbandingan delay pembatasan HTB ................................ 93 Gambar 4.40 Grafik perbandingan bitrate antara IP lokal dengan IP publik ...... 96
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Gambar 4.41 Grafik perbandigan delay antara IP lokal dan IP publik ................ 96 Gambar 4.42 Pemakaian bitrate pada multipoint video conference..................... 99
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1
Kategori delay ............................................................................... 36
Tabel 2.2
Kategori jitter ................................................................................ 36
Tabel 2.3
Kategori packet loss ...................................................................... 38
Tabel 3.1
Jadwal Pelaksanaan Penelitian ...................................................... 57
Tabel 4.1
Kebutuhan bitratec kondisi 1 (HDX8000 dengan PCS-XG80) tanpa menggunakan MCU .............................................................. 77
Tabel 4.2
Kebutuhan bitrate kondisi 2 ( HDX8000 dengan VSX7000) tanpa menggunakan MCU .............................................................. 78
Tabel 4.3
Kebutuhan bitratec kondisi 3(HDX8000 dengan EVI-D70) tanpa menggunakan MCU .............................................................. 79
Tabel 4.4
Kebutuhan bitrate kondisi 4 (EVI-D70 dengan EVI-D70)tanpa menggunakan MCU ....................................................................... 80
Tabel 4.5
Kebutuhan bitrate kondisi 1 (HDX8000 dengan PCS-XG80) menggunakan MCU ....................................................................... 83
Tabel 4.6
Packet loss skenario 2 .................................................................... 87
Tabel 4.7
Delay skenario 2 ............................................................................. 88
Tabel 4.8
Jitter skenario 2 .............................................................................. 89
Tabel 4.9
Pemakaian bitrate dan QoS IP lokal..........................................94
Tabel 4.10
Pemakaian bitrate IP publik ....................................................95
Tabel 4.11
Kebutuhan bitrate berdasarkan jumlah client ..............................98
Tabel 5.1
Tabel kebutuhan bitrate skenario 1...........................................101
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DAFTAR SINGKATAN
ACELP
= Algebraic Code Excited Linier Prediction
ARP
= Address Resolution Protocol
ATM
= Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AVC
= Advance Video Coding
CBQ
= Class-Based Queueing
Codec
= Coder/Decoder
DCT
= diskrit cosine transform
EN
=
FTP
= File Tranfer Protocol
GDLN
= Global Development Learning Network
GOSIP
= Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile
HD
=-High Definition
HTB
= Hierarchy Token Bucket
ICMP
= Internet Control Message Protocol
IEC
= International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE
= Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF
= Internet Engineering Task Force
IGMP
= Internet Group Management Protocol
IP
= Internet Protokol
IPX
= internet Packet Exchange
ISDN
= Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO
= International Organization for Standardization
ITU
=
LAN
= Local Area Network
MAC
= Mediam Access Control
MAN
= Metropolitan Area Network
MC
= Multipoint Controler
MP
= Multipoint Controler
MCU
= Multipoint Control Unit
Enterprise Network
International Telecomunication Union
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MMS
= Multimedia Messaging Service
MOS
=
MPEG
= Moving Picture Expert Group
MP-MLQ
= Multipulse Maximum Likelihood Quantization
MVC
= Multiview Video Coding
NAT
= Network Address Translation
NTP
= Network Time Protocol
NFS
= Network File System
OSI
= Open System Interconnection
PAN
= Personal Area Network
PCM
= Pulse Code Modulation
PRTG
= Peassler Router Traffic Grapher
PSNR
= Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
PSTN
= Public Switched Telephone Network
QoS
= Quality of Service
RTCP
= Real Time Control Protocol
RTP
= Real Time Protocol
RTT
= Round Trip-time
SAP
=
Service Access Point
SIP
=
Internet conferencing
SMNP
= Simple Network Management Protocol
SNA
= Systems Network Architecture
SVC
=
TCP
= Transfer Control Protocol
UDP
= User Diagram Protocol
VCEG
= Video Coding Expert Group
VoIP
= Voice offer Internet Protocol
WAN
= Wide Area Network
Mean Opinion Score
Scalable Video Coding
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