AN ANALYSIS OF MAXIM IN THE DAILY SHOW INTERVIEW WITH JON STEWART IN MALALA YOUSAFZAI EDITION
By LINGGAR UJI NUGRAHA NIM 200932266
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2014
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AN ANALYSIS OF MAXIM IN THE DAILY SHOW INTERVIEW WITH JON STEWART IN MALALA YOUSAFZAI EDITION
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program of English Education
By Linggar Uji Nugraha NIM 200932266
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2014
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Motto:
“My talent is my spirit”
“When we know better, let’s do better!”
Dedication: This skripsi is dedicated to: 1. The writer’s parents 2. The writer’s siblings 3. The writer’s friends
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the most gracious and the most merciful, in this occasion, the writer would like to express his gratitude to the God, Allah S.W.T., who has given him mercies and blessing so that the writer can finish this skripsi entitle “An Analysis of Maxim in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition.”
There are many people who gave endless help during his struggle to complete this research proposal. The writer would also like to convey his special gratitude to them. They are: 1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd., as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd., M.Pd., as the Head of English Education Department. 3. Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd as the writer’s first advisor, who guided, gave so many suggestions and also motivations to the writer in doing this skripsi. 4. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S, M.Pd as the writer’s second advisor, who also guided, gave corrections, and also suggestions to the writer in doing this skripsi. 5. All of the lecturers of UMK who taught him during studying at the campus.
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6. The writer’s parents, sisters, and the entire families who always give support and motivation to the writer. 7. The writer’s friends that cannot be mentioned one by one. The writer realizes that this thesis still far from being perfect. The still need any suggestion or criticism to this writing is very helpful for the improvement of the writing.
Kudus, September 2014 The writer
Linggar Uji Nugraha
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ABSTRACT Nugraha, Linggar Uji. 2014. An Analysis of Maxim in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition. Skripsi.English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd (2) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S, M.Pd Key words: Cooperative Principle, Flouting Maxims Language is a communication device to communicate with each other. Some people do communication well if it happens with a good interaction between them. Good interaction can be created because they use communicative language. Since communication happened naturally there can be miscommunication and misinterpretation. According to Grice (1975), people should obey those maxims in order to have an effective communication without any miscommunication. In fact, people sometimes flout the maxims. There is Cooperative Principle which provides some rules for conversation. It controls the participants in doing conversation. This conversation mechanism is explained in four maxim, they are maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relevance, and maxim of manner. The purposes of this research are to find out kind of maxims are used and then what kinds of flouting maxim and the function of flouting maxim in the daily show interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai edition. This skripsi is qualitative descriptive research. The data are written text which contains maxims are used and flouted speakers. And then the data source is transcript of conversation between speakers in transcript dialogue in the daily show interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai edition. The result shows that all types of maxims of cooperative principle are used in the dialogues found in the daily show interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai edition are the entire cooperative principle maxim; they are the maxim of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. The total number of using maxim are, First, using maxim of quantity is nine. Second, using maxim of quality is fifteen. Thirth, using maxim of relevance is sixteen. And the last using maxim of manner is fourteen. Both of the speakers also flouted the maxims. Total number of flouted maxim the speakers. First, flouting maxim of quantity is seven. Second, flouting maxim of Quality is one. Third, the flouting of relevant is zero. The last, flouting maxim of Manner is two. All of the speakers doing their conversation cooperatively, because the total number in using four maxims is higher than flouted cooperative principle. It means that the speakers gave information in the daily show interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai edition as required, true, relevance to the topic and did not ambigue. The writer suggest the reader to understand the cooperative principle deeply to make their conversation successfully. ix
ABSTRAK Nugraha, Linggar Uji. 2014. Analisis Maksim dalam wawancara harian dengan Jon Stewart dalam edisi Malala Yousafzai. Pendidikan Bahasa Ingris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd (2) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd Kata Kunci: Prinsip Kerjasama, Pelanggaran maksim Bahasa merupakan alat untuk komunikasi antara satu sama lain. Beberapa orang berkomunikasi dengan baik jika keduanya berinteraksi dengan baik. Interaksi yang baik bisa muncul sebab meereka menggunakan bahasa yang komunikatif. Selama komunikasi berlangsung ada kemungkinan adanya miskomunikasi dan misinterpretasi. Menurut Grice (1975), Orang-orang harus mematuhi beberapa maksim supaya komunikasi dapat efektif. Tapi faktanya, orang-orang kadang masih melanggar maksim. Ada Prinsip kerjasama yang menyediakan cara dalam percakapan. Ini dapat mengontrol partisipan dalam percakapan. Jadi, percakapan dapat berlangsung secara lancar dan dengan cara yang sopan. Mekanisme percakapan dijelaskan dalam empat maksim yaitu maksim kuantitas, maksim kualitas, maksim relevan dan maksim cara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalaah untuk menemukan jenis-jenis maksim yang dipakai dan juga menganalisis jenis-jenis maksim yang dilanggar oleh pembicara dan juga fungsi dari pelanggaran maksim dalam transkrip wawancara harian dengan Jon Stewart dalam edisi Malala Yousafzai. Skripsi ini adalah penelitian descriptive kualitatif. Data yang diambil yaitu teks tertulis yang berisi maksim yang diapakai dan dilanggar oleh pembicara. Dan sumber datanya adalah transkrip percakapan antara pembicara dalam transkrip wawancara harian dengan Jon Stewart dalam edisi Malala Yousafzai. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis maksim dengan prinsip kerjasama yang digunakan dalam dialog yang ditemukan di wawancara harian dengan Jon Stewart dalam edisi Malala Yousafzai adalah seluruh maksim dari prinsip kerjasama; mereka adalah maksim kuantitas, kualitas, relevansi, dan cara. Jumlah penggunaan maksim yang pertama, menggunakan maksim kuantitas adalah sembilan. Kedua, menggunakan maksim kualitas ada lima belas. Ketiga, menggunakan maksim relevansi adalah enam belas. Dan yang terahir penggunan maksim cara adalah empat belas. Kedua pembicara juga melanggar maksim. Jumlah pelanggaran maksim yang pertama, melanggar maksim kuantitas adalah
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tujuh. Kedua, melanggar maksim Kualitas satu. Ketiga, melanggar relevan adalah nol. Terakhir, melanggar maksim cara adalah dua. Semua pembicara menjalankan kerjasama dalam percakapan mereka, karena total pemakaian empat maksim lebih tinggi daripada pelangaran prisip kerjasama. Itu artinya bahwa pembicara memberikan informasi dalam wawancara sesuai yang dibutuhka, benar, relevan dengan topic dan tidak ambigue. Penulis menyarankan kepada pembaca untuk memahami prinsip kerjasama lebih dalam untuk membuat percakaan mereka sukses.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page COVER ........................................................................................................ …i LOGO ........................................................................................................... …ii TITLE .......................................................................................................... …iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................... …iv ADVISORS’S APPROVAL ....................................................................... ...v EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ...................................................................... ...vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... ...vii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. ...ix RINGKASAN .............................................................................................. ...x TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................ ...xii LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................... ...xvi LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................ ...xvii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research..........................................................
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1.2 Statement of the Problem ..............................................................
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1.3 Objective of the Research..............................................................
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1.4 Significance of the Research ........................................................
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1.5 Scope of the Research ...................................................................
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1.6 Operational Definition ..................................................................
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CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE 2.1
Pragmatics .................................................................................
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2.2
Grice’s Theory of Cooperative Principles ................................
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2.3
The Fulfillment of Maxim ........................................................
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2.3.1 Maxim of Quantity....................................................................
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2.3.2
Maxim of Quality .................................................................
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2.3.3
Maxim of Relevance ...........................................................
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2.3.4
Maxim of Manner ................................................................
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The Flouting of Cooperative Principle .....................................
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2.4.1 Flouting Maxim of Quantity .....................................................
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2.4.2 Flouting Maxim of Quality .......................................................
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2.4.3 Flouting Maxim of Relevance ..................................................
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2.4.4 Flouting Maxim of Manner.......................................................
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2.5
Malala Yousafzai Biography.......................................................
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2.6
Review of Previous Research ......................................................
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2.7
Theoretical Framework ...............................................................
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2.4
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1
Design of the Research ................................................................
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3.2
Data and Data Source ..................................................................
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3.3
Collecting Data ............................................................................
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3.4
Data Analysis ..............................................................................
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CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1
The Kind of Maxims Found in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition .........................................
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4.2
The Kind of Flouting Maxims and Functions of Flouting Maxim Found in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition ............................................................
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CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1
The Kind of Maxims Found in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition ....................................
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5.1.1 Maxim of Quantity ......................................................................
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5.1.2 Maxim of Quality ........................................................................
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5.1.3 Maxim of Relevance ...................................................................
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5.1.4 Maxim of Manner........................................................................
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5.2
The Kind of Flouting Maxims and Functions of Flouting Maxim Found in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition ............................................................
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3.2.1 The Kind of Flouting Maxim .......................................................
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3.2.1.1 Flouting Maxim of Quantity .....................................................
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3.2.1.2 Flouting Maxim of Quality ......................................................
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3.2.1.3 Flouting Maxim of Relevance .................................................
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3.2.1.4 Flouting Maxim of Manner......................................................
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3.2.2 The Function of Flouting Maxim ...............................................
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5.2.2.1 The Function of Flouting Maxim Quantity ..............................
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5.2.2.2 The Function of Flouting Maxim Quality ................................
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5.2.2.3 The Function of Flouting Maxim Relevance ............................
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5.2.2.4 The Function of Flouting Maxim Manner ................................
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CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1
Conclusion ................................................................................
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6.2
Suggestion .................................................................................
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REFERENCES .............................................................................................
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APPENDICES ..............................................................................................
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STATEMENT CURRICULUM VITAE
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
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4.1.1 The Kind of Maxims Found in the Daily Show Interview with Jon Stewart in Malala Yousafzai Edition ……………………........................
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
Appendix 1 ................................................................................................... 90
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