ABSTRAK Pembuangan air atau bisa disebut selokan adalah contoh dari aliran saluran terbuka, dimana permukaan airnya bebas / berhubungan langsung dengan udara luar (atmosfir). Pada aliran saluran terbuka, parameter saluran sangat bervariasi, parameter tersebut adalah penampang lintang saluran, kekasaran, kemiringan dasar saluran, debit aliran dan sebagainya. Sistem Informasi Perhitungan Kedalaman Air Normal dan Kedalaman Air Kritis Pada Saluran Terbuka Dengan Penampang Kompleks berbahasa Java perlu dibuat untuk membantu mempermudah dalam melakukan perhitungan dan menentukan dimensi saluran yang akan digunakan. Kata kunci: saluran, aliran, saluran terbuka, permukaan, atmosfir, parameter, variasi, penampang.
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ABSTRACT Drainage or could be called an example of open channel flow, in which the free water surface / direct contact with the outside air (atmosphere). In the open channel flow, channel parameters are varied, the parameter is the channel cross section, roughness, slope of the channel, the flow rates and etc. Information Systems Calculation and Normal Water Depth Water Depth Critical In Open Channels With Sectional Complex Java language need to be made to help facilitate the calculation and determine the dimensions of the channel to be used. Keywords: channel, flow, open channel, surface, atmosphere, parameters, variation, cross-section.
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DAFTAR ISI COVER .................................................................................................................. LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ..................................................................................... PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN PENELITIAN ....................................... PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS LAPORAN PENELITIAN .................................. KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................. ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... DAFTAR NOTASI ................................................................................................. DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................
i ii iii iv v vii viii ix xii xiv xv xvi
BAB I 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................ Latar Belakang ..................................................................................... Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................... Tujuan Pembahasan ............................................................................ Ruang Lingkup Kajian .......................................................................... Sumber Data ........................................................................................ Sistematika Penyajian .........................................................................
1 1 2 2 2 3 3
BAB II 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.10.1 2.10.2 2.10.3
KAJIAN TEORI .................................................................................. Hidrolika ............................................................................................... Geometri Saluran ................................................................................. Unsur-Unsur Geometrik Penampang Saluran ..................................... Aliran Seragam .................................................................................... Kecepatan Berdasarkan Debit ............................................................. Kecepatan Berdasarkan Metode Manning .......................................... Kecepatan Berdasarkan Metode Chezy .............................................. Kriteria Aliran Dalam Keadaan Kritis ................................................... Unified Modeling Language (UML) ...................................................... Use Case Diagram ............................................................................. Activity Diagram ................................................................................... Class Diagram ..................................................................................... Entitiy Relationship Diagram (ERD) ..................................................... Entitas .................................................................................................. Simbol Relasi ....................................................................................... Atribut ..................................................................................................
5 5 5 6 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 15 17 17 18 20
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BAB III 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6.1 3.6.2 3.7 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.8 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.9 3.9.1 3.9.2 3.10 3.10.1 3.10.2 3.11 3.11.1 3.11.2 3.12 3.12.1 3.12.2 3.13 3.13.1 3.13.2 3.14 3.14.1 3.14.2 3.15 3.15.1 3.15.2 3.16 3.16.1 3.16.2 3.17 3.18
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM ....................................... Proses Bisnis ....................................................................................... Entity Relationship Diagram ................................................................ Flowchart ............................................................................................. Entity Relationship Table ..................................................................... Use Case Diagram .............................................................................. Membuat Proyek Baru ......................................................................... Use Case Scenario Membuat Proyek baru ......................................... Activity Diagram Membuat Proyek Baru .............................................. Menampilkan Data Proyek ................................................................... Use Case Scenario Menampilkan Data Proyek ................................... Activity Diagram Menampilkan Proyek ................................................ Mengedit Data Proyek ......................................................................... Use Case Scenario Mengedit Data Proyek ......................................... Activity Diagram Mengedit Proyek ....................................................... Menghapus Data Proyek ..................................................................... Use Case Scenario Menghapus Data Proyek ..................................... Activity Diagram Menghapus Data Proyek .......................................... Menyimpan Data Proyek ..................................................................... Use Case Scenario Menyimpan Data Proyek .................................... Activity Diagram Menyimpan Data Proyek .......................................... Membuat Data Perencana baru ........................................................... Use Case Scenario Membuat Data Perencana Baru ......................... Activity Diagram Membuat Data Perencana Baru ............................... Mengedit Data Perencana ................................................................... Use Case Scenario Mengedit Data Perencana ................................... Activity Diagram Mengedit Data Perencana ........................................ Menyimpan Data Perencana ............................................................... Use Case Scenario Menyimpan Data Perencana ............................... Activity Diagram Menyimpan Data Perencana .................................... Membuat Data Segmen Baru .............................................................. Use Case Scenario Membuat Data Segmen Baru ............................. Activity Diagram Membuat Data Segmen Baru ................................... Mengedit Data Segmen ....................................................................... Use Case Scenario Mengedit Data Segmen ....................................... Activity Diagram Mengedit Data Segmen ............................................ Menampilkan Hitung Hasil ................................................................... Use Case Scenario Menampilkan Hitung Hasil ................................... Activity Diagram Menampilkan Hitung Hasil ........................................ Class Diagram ..................................................................................... User Interface Aplikasi .........................................................................
23 23 24 25 28 30 31 31 32 33 33 34 35 35 36 37 37 38 39 39 40 41 41 42 43 43 44 45 45 46 47 47 48 49 49 50 51 51 52 53 54
BAB IV 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.2 4.2.1 4.3
HASIL PENELITIAN .......................................................................... Data Aplikasi ........................................................................................ Data Proyek ......................................................................................... Data Perencana ................................................................................... Data Segmen ....................................................................................... Implementasi Aplikasi .......................................................................... Implementasi User Interface ................................................................ Contoh Perhitungan Saluran Trapesium .............................................
64 64 64 64 64 64 64 81
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BAB V 5.1 5.2
PEMBAHASAN DAN UJI COBA PENELITIAN ................................. 105 Pembahasan ........................................................................................ 105 Uji Coba Hasil Penelitian ..................................................................... 105
BAB VI 6.1 6.2
SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................... 108 Simpulan .............................................................................................. 108 Saran .................................................................................................... 108
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................. 109
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1 Gambar 2 Gambar 3 Gambar 4 Gambar 5 Gambar 6 Gambar 7 Gambar 8 Gambar 9 Gambar 10 Gambar 11 Gambar 12 Gambar 13 Gambar 14 Gamber 15 Gambar 16 Gambar 17 Gambar 18 Gambar 19 Gambar 20 Gambar 21 Gambar 22 Gambar 23 Gambar 24 Gambar 25 Gambar 26 Gambar 27 Gambar 28 Gambar 29 Gambar 30 Gambar 31 Gambar 32 Gambar 33 Gambar 34 Gambar 35 Gambar 36 Gambar 37 Gambar 38 Gambar 39 Gambar 40 Gambar 41 Gambar 42 Gambar 43 Gambar 44 Gambar 45 Gambar 46 Gambar 47 Gambar 48
Geometri Saluran ............................................................................ Simbol Use Case ............................................................................ Contoh Use Case Diagram ............................................................. Contoh Activity Diagram .................................................................. Contoh Class Diagram .................................................................... Simbol Entitas ................................................................................. Relasi Satu Ke Satu ........................................................................ Relasi Satu Ke Banyak ................................................................... Relasi Banyak Ke Satu ................................................................... Relasi Banyak Ke Banyak ............................................................... Atribut Sederhana ........................................................................... Atribut Komposit .............................................................................. Atribut Bernilai Tinggi ...................................................................... Atribut Bernilai banyak .................................................................... Atribut Turunan ............................................................................... Entity Relationship Diagram ............................................................ Flowchart Metoda Manning ............................................................. Flowchart Metoda Chezy ................................................................ Flowchart Metoda Froude Number ................................................. Use Case Diagram .......................................................................... Activity Diagram Membuat Proyek Baru ......................................... Activity Diagram Menampilkan Proyek Baru ................................... Activity Diagram Mengedit Proyek .................................................. Activity Diagram Menghapus Data Proyek ...................................... Activity Diagram Menyimpan Data Proyek ...................................... Activity Diagram Membuat Data Perencana Baru ........................... Activity Diagram Membuat Data Perencana Baru ........................... Activity Diagram Menyimpan Data Perencana ................................ Activity Diagram Membuat Data Segmen Baru ............................... Activity Diagram Mengedit Data Segmen ....................................... Activity Diagram Menampilkan Hitung Hasil ................................... Class Diagram ................................................................................. Rancangan Tampilan Menu Utama Aplikasi ................................... RancanganTampilan Form Data Perencana ................................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Untuk Menambah Data Perencana .... Rancangan Tampilan Form Ubah Data Perencana ........................ Rancangan Tampilan Form Data Proyek ........................................ Rancangan Tampilan Tambah Data Proyek ................................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Ubah Data Detail Proyek .................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Data Atur Data Segmen .................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Tambah Data Segmen ....................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Tambah Data Segmen (2) ................. Rancangan Tampilan Form Hasil Data Segmen ............................ Rancangan Tampilan Form Hasil Detail Perhitungan ..................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Gambar Saluran Dengan Aliran Normal ......................................... Rancangan Tampilan Form Gambar Saluran Dengan Aliran Kritis ............................................. Tampilan Menu Utama .................................................................... Tampilan Menambah Data Perencana ...........................................
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7 12 14 15 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 22 24 25 26 27 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 56 57 58 58 59 60 61 61 62 63 63 65 65
Gambar 49 Gambar 50 Gambar 51 Gambar 52 Gambar 53 Gambar 54 Gambar 55 Gambar 56 Gambar 57 Gambar 58 Gambar 59 Gambar 60 Gambar 61 Gambar 62 Gambar 63 Gambar 64 Gambar 65 Gambar 66 Gambar 67 Gambar 68 Gambar 69 Gambar 70 Gambar 71 Gambar 72 Gambar 73 Gambar 74 Gambar 75 Gambar 76 Gambar 77 Gambar 78 Gambar 79 Gambar 80 Gambar 81 Gambar 82 Gambar 83
Tampilan Mengisi Data Perencana ................................................. 66 Tampilan Data Perencana Berhasil Disimpan ................................ 67 Tampilan Mengubah Data Perencana (Sebelum) ........................... 67 Tampilan Mengubah Data Perencana (Sesudah) ........................... 68 Tampilan Menghapus Data Perencana (1) ..................................... 68 Tampilan Menghapus Data Perencana (2) ..................................... 69 Tampilan Utama Data Proyek ......................................................... 70 Tampilan Mengisi Data Proyek ....................................................... 70 Tampilan Memilih Data Perencana ................................................. 71 Tampilan Data Proyek Berhasil Disimpan ....................................... 71 Tampilan Utama Mengubah Data Proyek ....................................... 72 Tampilan Mengubah Data Proyek ................................................... 72 Tampilan Berhasil Mengubah Data Proyek (1) ............................... 73 Tampilan Berhasil Mengubah Data Proyek (2) ............................... 73 Tampilan Menghapus Data Proyek (1) ........................................... 74 Tampilan Menghapus Data Proyek (2) ........................................... 74 Tampilan Utama Atur Segmen Data Proyek ................................... 75 Tampilan Atur Segmen Data Proyek ............................................... 76 Tampilan Utama Detail Tambah Segmen Data Proyek (1) ............. 76 Tampilan Utama Detail Tambah Segmen Data Proyek (2) ............. 77 Tampilan Hitung Segmen Data Proyek .......................................... 77 Tampilan Detail perhitungan Segmen Data Proyek ........................ 78 Tampilan Gambar Penampang saluran Normal .............................. 78 Tampilan Gambar Penampang saluran Kritis ................................. 79 Tampilan Help ................................................................................. 79 Tampilan About ............................................................................... 80 Tampilan Contoh Perhitungan Soal 1 ............................................. 87 Tampilan Gambar Penampang Saluran Dengan Aliran Normal Soal 1 ............................................ 87 Tampilan Gambar Penampang Saluran Dengan Aliran Kritis Soal 1 ................................................ 88 Tampilan Contoh Perhitungan Soal 2 ............................................. 95 Tampilan Gambar Penampang Saluran Dengan Aliran Normal Soal 2 ............................................ 95 Tampilan Gambar Penampang Saluran Dengan Aliran Kritis Soal 2 ................................................ 96 Tampilan Contoh Perhitungan Soal 3 ............................................. 102 Tampilan Gambar Penampang Saluran Dengan Aliran Normal Soal 3 ............................................ 102 Tampilan Gambar Penampang Saluran Dengan Aliran Kritis Soal 3 ................................................ 103
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel I Tabel II Tabel III Tabel IV Table V Tabel VI Tabel VII Tabel VIII Tabel IX Tabel X Tabel XI
Nilai α ................................................................................................ 8 Nilai Koefisien Manning ..................................................................... 10 Table Proyek ..................................................................................... 28 Table Perencanaan ........................................................................... 28 Table Segmen ................................................................................... 28 Hasil Perhitungan Manual ................................................................. 104 Hasil Perhitungan Aplikasi ................................................................. 104 Testing Data Proyek .......................................................................... 105 Testing Data Perencana .................................................................... 106 Testing Data Segmen ........................................................................ 106 Testing Data Perhitungan .................................................................. 107
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DAFTAR NOTASI
T
Lebar Permukaan
(m)
A
Luas Basah
(m2)
B
Lebar Dasar
(m)
P
Keliling Basah
(m)
R
Jari – Jari Hidraulis
(m)
L
Panjang Saluran
(m)
Q
Debit
(m3/det)
g
Percepatan Gravitasi
(m/det2)
So
Kemiringan Dasar
m1
Kemiringan Talud Sebelah Kiri Atas
m2
Kemiringan Talud Sebelah Kiri Bawah
m3
Kemiringan Talud Sebelah Kanan Bawah
m4
Kemiringan Talud Sebelah Kanan Atas
B1
Lebar Ambang Talud Kiri
(m)
B2
Lebar Ambang Talud Kanan
(m)
n
Koefisien Manning
c
Koefisien Chezy
ΔH
Perbedaan Tinggi Antara Hulu Saluran dan Hilir Saluran
α
Koefisien Koriolis
Yn
Kedalaman Normal
(m)
Yc
Kedalaman Kritis
(m)
So
Kemiringan Dasar Saluran
Vn
Kecepatan Normal
(m/detik)
Vc
Kecepatan Kritis
(m/detik)
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN RIWAYAT HIDUP
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