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B. LihatJah contoh berikut, dan kerjakan latihan di bawah ini sesuai dengan contoh tersebut. Example: "My name's Mary." 1. It's nine o'clock,
Answer: I told him my name. 3. My address is 420 George Street, Sydney. 4. It's 7 February.
2. Her phone number is 46.8240.
C. Bagaimana ucapan yang sebenarnya? Lihatlah contoh berikut, dan kerjakan latihan di bawah ini sesuai dengan contoh tersebut. Example: He told me not to go away. Example: He asked her to come in. Answer: "Don't go away!" Answer: "Please come in." 1. He asked her to sit down. 4. He asked him to pick it up. 2. He asked her not to worry. 5. He told them not to make a noise. 3. He told him to hurry. 6. He told her to turn the radio up.
LESSON NO. 57
PART I: Masih ingatl
BEFORE THE BROADCAST
........ Menceritsk8n kembsli Permintssn dsn "Come in, please." ~ "Please don't go." > "Sit down!" > "Don't worrv!" >
Perintsh
He asked me to come in. He asked me not to go. He told me to sit down. He told me not to worry.
MENYAMPAIKAN (MENCERITAKAN KEMBALI) KALlMAT BER/TA
Sekarang
KALlMAT BER/TA
Monday: CHRIS: Hullo, Iwan. How are yOU? ..H....
Tuesday: CHRIS: HELEN: CHRIS:
Saturday-2 p.m,
Saturday-8 p.m.
IWAN:
I saw Iwan yesterday.
What did he say?
I'm sick. I feel miserable. But I don't want to go to bed. I'll be a.K. soon. O/CER/TAKAN KEMBALI
HE SAID he was sick. (He said) he felt miserable, but he didn't want to go to bed. HE SAID he would be a.K. soon.
CHRIS (01 TILPON):
Hullo, Sue. Are you going to come to the party tonight?
SUE:
No, I can't come. I'm working. I'm studying for some exams.
IWAN (01 PESTA):
Where's Sue?
CHRIS:
SHE S~ID she couldn't come to the party. SHE SAID she was working-she was studying for some exams.
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Di bawah ini adalah cara kita menceritakan kembali Beau menyampaikan berita/keterangan: DIRECT SPEECH (= Ucapan INDIRECTOR REPORTED SPEECH (= Ucapan sesungguhnya/Langsung) Tak Langsung/Diceritakan Kembali)
Iwan: Iwan: Sue:
"I'm sick." "I don't want to go to bed." "I can't come to the party."
Sue:
"I'm working."
) Chris: He said he was sick.
) Chris: He said he didn't want to go to bed.
) Chris: She said she couldn't come to the
party. ) Chris: She said she was working.
PEDOMAN UNTUK MENGUBAH DIRECT SPEECH MENJADIINDIRECT SPEECH/REPORTED SPEECH 1. The Simple Present Tense berubah menjadi The Simple Past Tense The Present Continuous Tense berubah menjadi The Past Continuous Tense 2. Can/can't berubah menjadi could/couldn't 3. Will/won't berubah menjadi would/wouldn't 4. Kalau orang yang menceritakan kembali bukan pembicara sesungguhnya:
I... berubah menjadi he atau she (atau you) my berubah menjadi his atau her (atau your) we berubah menjadi they (atau you) our berubah menjadi their (atau your) Ada kemungkinan diperlukan perubahan kata ganti lain; hal ini tergantung pada siapa yang berbicara dan siapa yang menceritakannya kembali: IWAN: You're tall, Chris. IWAN: You're tall, Chris. TETAPI JANE: He said he was tall. CHRIS: He said I was tall.
I
I
LihatJah contoh-contoh di bawah ini dan perhatikan bagaimana kita mengubah tenses (dan beberapa kata ganti) dalam Reported Speech. (Dalam setiap contoh kita umpamakan "he" yang sedang berbicara.)
Simple Present
Simple Past
"I'm in my room." "I want to leave." "She always looks nice."
He said he was in his room. He said he wanted to leave. He said she always looked nice.
Simple Present
Simple Past
"I'm not sick." "We don't want any more to eat." "It isn't hot enough."
He said he wasn't sick. He said they didn't want any more to eat. He said it wasn't hot enough.
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
"Ifs raining." "She's driving too fast." "They're playing tennis."
He said it was raining. He said she was driving too fast. He said they were playing tennis.
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
"We aren't working hard enough." "You aren't listening." "I'm not joking."
He said they weren't working hard enough. He said I wasn't listening. He said he wasn't joking.
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Will/Won't
Would/Wouldn't [wud/WU Dant]
"I'll come."
"I won't pass my exam."
He said { he would come. he'd come. [hid KAM] He said { she would help us. she'd help us. [syid HELP_as] He said he wouldn't pass his exam.
Can/Can't
Could/Couldn't [kud/kad/KUDant]
"I can do it." "She can play the piano." 'They can't come."
He said he could do it. [.hfkad DUw_at] He said she could play the piano. He said they couldn't come.
"She'll help. us."
Kata Kerja SAY Untuk Menceritakan Kemba/i Ucapan Seseorang Lihat/ah bagaimana kata kerja SAY dipergunakan untuk menceritakan kemba/i ucapan seseorang. dan perhatikan bahwa kata ini di/etakkan di muka apa yang diceritakan kemba/i. Tertu/is "I'm tired," he said. (A tau. He said: "I'm tired." Tetapi ini
jarang dipakai.)
Diucapkan I'm tired.
Diceritakan Kemba/i He said he was tired.
..DiceritakBn Kemba/i He said he was tired.
BERHAT/-HAT/LAH/ PerhatikBn perbedaan antara kata say dan tell apabi/a dipakBi untuk menceritakan kemba/i:
I'm tired. I'm tired.
He told me (John) he was tired. (Tell harus diikuti o/eh suatu kata benda atau kata ganti.) He said he was tired. (Say tidak diikuti o/eh kata benda atau kata ganti, kecua/i ka/au kite /etakkan kata to di muka kata benda atau kata ganti: He said to me (that) he was tired. Ka/imat seperti ini jarang seka/i dipakai.)
That da/am Reported Speech Kata penghubung that (= bahwa) dapat kita pakai da/am ucapan tidak /angsung, ka/au meu, tetapi biasanya kata itu dihi/angkan da/am ka/imat berita yang pendek, atau da/am bahasa yang bersifat tidak resmi. He said (that) she had lovely eyes. (That sebagai kata penghubung diucapkan [dhat]. Ka/au kata tersebut dipakai sebagai kata penunjuk maka ucapannya berbeda: That [DHA:T] book.) Kata that biasanya dipakai da/am ka/imat-ka/imat yang bersifat /ebih resmi: The Prime Minister said that the problem was very difficult. dan da/am ka/imat yang /ebih panjang: The Physics lecturer told the Engineering students that their examination marks this year were much better than last year. Kata-kata kerja lain yang sering dipakBi da/am Reported Speech 1.
Kata-kata kerja di bawah ini bersifat /ebih resmi dan biasanya diikuti o/eh kata that (= bahwa).
2.
Kata-kata kerja ini dapat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: (a) Kata kerja yang dapat diikuti o/eh to + kata benda atau kata ganti. dan (b) Kata kerja yang harus diikuti o/eh kata benda atau kata ganti tanpa to.
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+ to + kata benda/kata ganti (b) Kata kerja + kata benda/kata ganti He mentioned (to me) that. He warned me that. They assured Bill that .. She explained (to us) that. They complained (to her) that .. He advised her that. She let him know that . He commented (to Mary) that .. They convinced everyone that .... They pointed out (to their friends) that .... She suggested (to John) that. (Arti kata-kata kerja di atas diberikan da/am Bagian 11 dad pe/ajaran ini.)
(a) Kata kerja
BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST
a sentence [SENtans]
=
ka/imat
could/couldn't [KUD(kad)/KUDant] would/wouldn't [WU D(wad)/WUDantll say-said-said [SEI-SED-SED] rest [REST] = beristirahat come over [KAM_OUva] = datang kemari
PART 11: an Asian trade fair [Elzyan TREID fea]
thin-thinner [THIN-THINa] = kurus-/ebih kurus You look fine/the same [yu luk FAIN/dha SEIM] = Saudara ke/ihatan sehat/ sama saja Welcome home/back [WELkam HOUM/BA:K] = Se/amat datang kemba/i It's good to see you [ats GUD ta sf yu] = (Saya) senang bertemu dengan saudara He'll be glad to see her [hIT bfGLA:D ta Sfha/Sfa] Oia akan senang bertemu dengan dia
AFTER THE BROADCAST
=
Pameran Oagang Asia
including [inKLOding] = termasuk
goods [GUDZ] = barang-barang a product [PRODakt] = hasil produksi hear about [H Iar_abaut] = mendengar gold and silver work [GOULD_an SILva wak] = barangtentang barang dad mas dan perak report [raPOT] = menyampaikan/ a puppet [PAPat] = wayang me/aporkan reported speech [raPOtad spfC] mention [MENsyan] = menyebutkan comment [KOMent] memberi warn [WON] = memperingatkan komentsr/ menanggapi point out [POINT...AUT] = menunjukkan assure [aSVO] = menjamin suggest [saJ EST] = menyarankan advise [adVAIZ] = menasihati convince [kanVINS] = meyakinkan let me know [LET mfNOU] = beri tahu saya
OVA BVAH BACAAN 1.
(Baca/ah dengan seorang teman.)
BETIV: SUE: BETIV: SUE: BETIV:
Hullo! What are you doing?
I'm busy. I'm cleaning the house. It's very dirty.
It looks clean enough.
No, it isn't. I usually clean it every Saturday.
I don't. I clean my house on Friday. I always go out on Saturday.
2. Berikut ini ada/ah percakapan di atas diceritakan kemba/i o/eh Betty. (Bacakan/ah dengan keras kepada seorang teman.)
I saw Sue yesterday. She was cleaning the house. She said it was very dirty. I told her it looked clean enough. She told me she usually cleaned it every Saturday. I told her I always went out on Saturday.
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EXERCISES A. Apa yang dikatakan o/ehnya? Berhati-hati/ah dengan kata ganti yang dipakai. Example: She told me she was tired. Answer: "I'm tired." 1. He said he and his sister had a lot of friends. 2. We told them they were teasing us. 3. Helen said she liked sate.
4.
5. 6.
Example: He told me he and his brother often went swimming. Answer: "We often go swimming." He said she couldn't come. They told us they usually waited there. You said you didn't agree.
B. Ubah/ah direct speech di bawah ini menjadi reported speech. Example: "It's a lovely day," she said. Answer: She said it was a lovely day. 1, "We're students at the university," Chris said. 2. ;'You look nice, Helen." Iwan said. (Iwan said Helen ... ) 3. "I'm tired and I want to go to bed," she said. 4. "They aren't studying," he said.
Example: "We'll remember," he said. Answer: He said they'd remember. 5. 6.
7. 8.
"I'm checking the list," he said. "We don't go by bus," they said. "We'll come later," he said. "I can do it," she said.
C. Ubah/ah direct speech di bawah ini menjadi reported speech dengan memakai kata kerja dan kata benda/kata ganti yang diberikan da/am tanda kurung. Pakai/ah kata penghubung that, dan setiap jawaban saudara harus mu/ai dengan He ... Example: "I never get enough to eat." (COMPLAIN) Answer: He complained that he never got enough to eat. "She's a clumsy child." (COMPLAIN) 2. "My uncle lives in Canberra." (MENTION) 3. "There are a lot of problems." (POINT OUT) 4. "You look nice." (ASSURE HER)
1.
Example: "We want rain in the country," (EXPLAIN TO HER) Answer: He explained to her that they wanted rain in the country.
5.
6. 7. 8.
"The 7.30 bus is often late." (EXPLAIN) "It'll be a lot calder in June." (WARN US) "I can't help them. (CONVINCE ME) "They won't be late." (LET US KNOW)
